Make sure packed structs follow the gcc memory layout

gcc defaults to using struct layouts that follow the native conventions,
even if __attribute__((packed)) is given. In order to get the layout we
expect, we need to tell gcc to always use the gcc struct layout, at
least for packed structs. To do this, we can use the gcc_struct
attribute.

This is important, not only for porting to windows, but also potentially
for other platforms, as the bugs resulting from struct layout
differences are rather subtle and hard to find.

Signed-off-by: Ulf Hermann <ulf.hermann@qt.io>

12 files changed, 51 insertions, 4 deletions

diff --git a/ChangeLog b/ChangeLog
index c0034ba4..cb87833c 100644
--- a/ChangeLog
+++ b/ChangeLog
@@ -1,3 +1,8 @@
+2017-08-18  Ulf Hermann  <ulf.hermann@qt.io>
+
+	* configure.ac: Check if the compiler supports
+	__attribute__((gcc_struct)).
+
 2017-09-19  Mark Wielaard  <mark@klomp.org>
 
 	* README: Add basic build instructions.
diff --git a/backends/ChangeLog b/backends/ChangeLog
index 79b50ebf..8c3f42c6 100644
--- a/backends/ChangeLog
+++ b/backends/ChangeLog
@@ -1,3 +1,7 @@
+2017-08-18  Ulf Hermann <ulf.hermann@qt.io>
+
+	* linux-core-note.c: Use attribute_packed.
+
 2017-04-27  Ulf Hermann <ulf.hermann@qt.io>
 
 	* Makefile.am: Use dso_LDFLAGS.
diff --git a/backends/linux-core-note.c b/backends/linux-core-note.c
index 67638d70..08282ba4 100644
--- a/backends/linux-core-note.c
+++ b/backends/linux-core-note.c
@@ -111,7 +111,7 @@ struct EBLHOOK(prstatus)
   FIELD (INT, pr_fpvalid);
 }
 #ifdef ALIGN_PRSTATUS
-  __attribute__ ((packed, aligned (ALIGN_PRSTATUS)))
+  attribute_packed __attribute__ ((aligned (ALIGN_PRSTATUS)))
 #endif
 ;
 
diff --git a/configure.ac b/configure.ac
index fb18dfc8..4ab8816a 100644
--- a/configure.ac
+++ b/configure.ac
@@ -143,6 +143,19 @@ if test "$ac_cv_visibility" = "yes"; then
 		  [Defined if __attribute__((visibility())) is supported])
 fi
 
+AC_CACHE_CHECK([whether gcc supports __attribute__((gcc_struct))],
+	ac_cv_gcc_struct, [dnl
+save_CFLAGS="$CFLAGS"
+CFLAGS="$save_CFLAGS -Werror"
+AC_COMPILE_IFELSE([AC_LANG_SOURCE([dnl
+struct test { int x; } __attribute__((gcc_struct));
+])], ac_cv_gcc_struct=yes, ac_cv_gcc_struct=no)
+CFLAGS="$save_CFLAGS"])
+if test "$ac_cv_gcc_struct" = "yes"; then
+	AC_DEFINE([HAVE_GCC_STRUCT], [1],
+		  [Defined if __attribute__((gcc_struct)) is supported])
+fi
+
 AC_CACHE_CHECK([whether gcc supports -fPIC], ac_cv_fpic, [dnl
 save_CFLAGS="$CFLAGS"
 CFLAGS="$save_CFLAGS -fPIC -Werror"
diff --git a/lib/ChangeLog b/lib/ChangeLog
index 23c0f41b..61230453 100644
--- a/lib/ChangeLog
+++ b/lib/ChangeLog
@@ -1,3 +1,8 @@
+2017-08-18  Ulf Hermann  <ulf.hermann@qt.io>
+
+	* eu-config.h: Define attribute_packed to either
+	__attribute__((packed)) or __attribute__((packed, gcc_struct)).
+
 2017-04-27  Ulf Hermann  <ulf.hermann@qt.io>
 
 	* eu-config.h: Define attribute_hidden to be empty if the compiler
diff --git a/lib/eu-config.h b/lib/eu-config.h
index 07098282..135803e7 100644
--- a/lib/eu-config.h
+++ b/lib/eu-config.h
@@ -75,6 +75,14 @@
 #define attribute_hidden /* empty */
 #endif
 
+#ifdef HAVE_GCC_STRUCT
+#define attribute_packed \
+  __attribute__ ((packed, gcc_struct))
+#else
+#define attribute_packed \
+  __attribute__ ((packed))
+#endif
+
 /* Define ALLOW_UNALIGNED if the architecture allows operations on
    unaligned memory locations.  */
 #define SANITIZE_UNDEFINED 1
diff --git a/libcpu/ChangeLog b/libcpu/ChangeLog
index 173defe6..c710e5af 100644
--- a/libcpu/ChangeLog
+++ b/libcpu/ChangeLog
@@ -1,3 +1,7 @@
+2017-08-18  Ulf Hermann  <ulf.hermann@qt.io>
+
+	* memory-access.h: Use attribute_packed.
+
 2017-02-27  Ulf Hermann  <ulf.hermann@qt.io>
 
 	* Makefile.am: Use fpic_CFLAGS.
diff --git a/libcpu/memory-access.h b/libcpu/memory-access.h
index 44210e2f..779825fa 100644
--- a/libcpu/memory-access.h
+++ b/libcpu/memory-access.h
@@ -90,7 +90,7 @@ union unaligned
     int16_t s2;
     int32_t s4;
     int64_t s8;
-  } __attribute__ ((packed));
+  } attribute_packed;
 
 static inline uint16_t
 read_2ubyte_unaligned (const void *p)
diff --git a/libdw/ChangeLog b/libdw/ChangeLog
index c13344af..94e9c9ab 100644
--- a/libdw/ChangeLog
+++ b/libdw/ChangeLog
@@ -1,3 +1,7 @@
+2017-08-18  Ulf Hermann  <ulf.hermann@qt.io>
+
+	* memory-access.h: Use attribute_packed.
+
 2017-02-27  Ulf Hermann  <ulf.hermann@qt.io>
 
 	* libdwP.h: Use attribute_hidden.
diff --git a/libdw/memory-access.h b/libdw/memory-access.h
index a749b5a9..afb651fc 100644
--- a/libdw/memory-access.h
+++ b/libdw/memory-access.h
@@ -170,7 +170,7 @@ union unaligned
     int16_t s2;
     int32_t s4;
     int64_t s8;
-  } __attribute__ ((packed));
+  } attribute_packed;
 
 # define read_2ubyte_unaligned(Dbg, Addr) \
   read_2ubyte_unaligned_1 ((Dbg)->other_byte_order, (Addr))
diff --git a/libelf/ChangeLog b/libelf/ChangeLog
index 9793d068..7bd9e1bc 100644
--- a/libelf/ChangeLog
+++ b/libelf/ChangeLog
@@ -1,3 +1,7 @@
+2017-08-18  Ulf Hermann  <ulf.hermann@qt.io>
+
+	* gelf_xlate.c: Use attribute_packed.
+
 2017-04-27  Ulf Hermann  <ulf.hermann@qt.io>
 
 	* libelfP.h: Use attribute_hidden.
diff --git a/libelf/gelf_xlate.c b/libelf/gelf_xlate.c
index f3d3b7a0..479f1436 100644
--- a/libelf/gelf_xlate.c
+++ b/libelf/gelf_xlate.c
@@ -74,7 +74,7 @@ union unaligned
     uint16_t u16;
     uint32_t u32;
     uint64_t u64;
-  } __attribute__ ((packed));
+  } attribute_packed;
 
 #define FETCH(Bits, ptr)	(((const union unaligned *) ptr)->u##Bits)
 #define STORE(Bits, ptr, val)	(((union unaligned *) ptr)->u##Bits = val)