summaryrefslogtreecommitdiff
path: root/lib/ftp.c
blob: 60fea542171330ce4b9c594949399cd3722ca8dc (plain)
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
140
141
142
143
144
145
146
147
148
149
150
151
152
153
154
155
156
157
158
159
160
161
162
163
164
165
166
167
168
169
170
171
172
173
174
175
176
177
178
179
180
181
182
183
184
185
186
187
188
189
190
191
192
193
194
195
196
197
198
199
200
201
202
203
204
205
206
207
208
209
210
211
212
213
214
215
216
217
218
219
220
221
222
223
224
225
226
227
228
229
230
231
232
233
234
235
236
237
238
239
240
241
242
243
244
245
246
247
248
249
250
251
252
253
254
255
256
257
258
259
260
261
262
263
264
265
266
267
268
269
270
271
272
273
274
275
276
277
278
279
280
281
282
283
284
285
286
287
288
289
290
291
292
293
294
295
296
297
298
299
300
301
302
303
304
305
306
307
308
309
310
311
312
313
314
315
316
317
318
319
320
321
322
323
324
325
326
327
328
329
330
331
332
333
334
335
336
337
338
339
340
341
342
343
344
345
346
347
348
349
350
351
352
353
354
355
356
357
358
359
360
361
362
363
364
365
366
367
368
369
370
371
372
373
374
375
376
377
378
379
380
381
382
383
384
385
386
387
388
389
390
391
392
393
394
395
396
397
398
399
400
401
402
403
404
405
406
407
408
409
410
411
412
413
414
415
416
417
418
419
420
421
422
423
424
425
426
427
428
429
430
431
432
433
434
435
436
437
438
439
440
441
442
443
444
445
446
447
448
449
450
451
452
453
454
455
456
457
458
459
460
461
462
463
464
465
466
467
468
469
470
471
472
473
474
475
476
477
478
479
480
481
482
483
484
485
486
487
488
489
490
491
492
493
494
495
496
497
498
499
500
501
502
503
504
505
506
507
508
509
510
511
512
513
514
515
516
517
518
519
520
521
522
523
524
525
526
527
528
529
530
531
532
533
534
535
536
537
538
539
540
541
542
543
544
545
546
547
548
549
550
551
552
553
554
555
556
557
558
559
560
561
562
563
564
565
566
567
568
569
570
571
572
573
574
575
576
577
578
579
580
581
582
583
584
585
586
587
588
589
590
591
592
593
594
595
596
597
598
599
600
601
602
603
604
605
606
607
608
609
610
611
612
613
614
615
616
617
618
619
620
621
622
623
624
625
626
627
628
629
630
631
632
633
634
635
636
637
638
639
640
641
642
643
644
645
646
647
648
649
650
651
652
653
654
655
656
657
658
659
660
661
662
663
664
665
666
667
668
669
670
671
672
673
674
675
676
677
678
679
680
681
682
683
684
685
686
687
688
689
690
691
692
693
694
695
696
697
698
699
700
701
702
703
704
705
706
707
708
709
710
711
712
713
714
715
716
717
718
719
720
721
722
723
724
725
726
727
728
729
730
731
732
733
734
735
736
737
738
739
740
741
742
743
744
745
746
747
748
749
750
751
752
753
754
755
756
757
758
759
760
761
762
763
764
765
766
767
768
769
770
771
772
773
774
775
776
777
778
779
780
781
782
783
784
785
786
787
788
789
790
791
792
793
794
795
796
797
798
799
800
801
802
803
804
805
806
807
808
809
810
811
812
813
814
815
816
817
818
819
820
821
822
823
824
825
826
827
828
829
830
831
832
833
834
835
836
837
838
839
840
841
842
843
844
845
846
847
848
849
850
851
852
853
854
855
856
857
858
859
860
861
862
863
864
865
866
867
868
869
870
871
872
873
874
875
876
877
878
879
880
881
882
883
884
885
886
887
888
889
890
891
892
893
894
895
896
897
898
899
900
901
902
903
904
905
906
907
908
909
910
911
912
913
914
915
916
917
918
919
920
921
922
923
924
925
926
927
928
929
930
931
932
933
934
935
936
937
938
939
940
941
942
943
944
945
946
947
948
949
950
951
952
953
954
955
956
957
958
959
960
961
962
963
964
965
966
967
968
969
970
971
972
973
974
975
976
977
978
979
980
981
982
983
984
985
986
987
988
989
990
991
992
993
994
995
996
997
998
999
1000
1001
1002
1003
1004
1005
1006
1007
1008
1009
1010
1011
1012
1013
1014
1015
1016
1017
1018
1019
1020
1021
1022
1023
1024
1025
1026
1027
1028
1029
1030
1031
1032
1033
1034
1035
1036
1037
1038
1039
1040
1041
1042
1043
1044
1045
1046
1047
1048
1049
1050
1051
1052
1053
1054
1055
1056
1057
1058
1059
1060
1061
1062
1063
1064
1065
1066
1067
1068
1069
1070
1071
1072
1073
1074
1075
1076
1077
1078
1079
1080
1081
1082
1083
1084
1085
1086
1087
1088
1089
1090
1091
1092
1093
1094
1095
1096
1097
1098
1099
1100
1101
1102
1103
1104
1105
1106
1107
1108
1109
1110
1111
1112
1113
1114
1115
1116
1117
1118
1119
1120
1121
1122
1123
1124
1125
1126
1127
1128
1129
1130
1131
1132
1133
1134
1135
1136
1137
1138
1139
1140
1141
1142
1143
1144
1145
1146
1147
1148
1149
1150
1151
1152
1153
1154
1155
1156
1157
1158
1159
1160
1161
1162
1163
1164
1165
1166
1167
1168
1169
1170
1171
1172
1173
1174
1175
1176
1177
1178
1179
1180
1181
1182
1183
1184
1185
1186
1187
1188
1189
1190
1191
1192
1193
1194
1195
1196
1197
1198
1199
1200
1201
1202
1203
1204
1205
1206
1207
1208
1209
1210
1211
1212
1213
1214
1215
1216
1217
1218
1219
1220
1221
1222
1223
1224
1225
1226
1227
1228
1229
1230
1231
1232
1233
1234
1235
1236
1237
1238
1239
1240
1241
1242
1243
1244
1245
1246
1247
1248
1249
1250
1251
1252
1253
1254
1255
1256
1257
1258
1259
1260
1261
1262
1263
1264
1265
1266
1267
1268
1269
1270
1271
1272
1273
1274
1275
1276
1277
1278
1279
1280
1281
1282
1283
1284
1285
1286
1287
1288
1289
1290
1291
1292
1293
1294
1295
1296
1297
1298
1299
1300
1301
1302
1303
1304
1305
1306
1307
1308
1309
1310
1311
1312
1313
1314
1315
1316
1317
1318
1319
1320
1321
1322
1323
1324
1325
1326
1327
1328
1329
1330
1331
1332
1333
1334
1335
1336
1337
1338
1339
1340
1341
1342
1343
1344
1345
1346
1347
1348
1349
1350
1351
1352
1353
1354
1355
1356
1357
1358
1359
1360
1361
1362
1363
1364
1365
1366
1367
1368
1369
1370
1371
1372
1373
1374
1375
1376
1377
1378
1379
1380
1381
1382
1383
1384
1385
1386
1387
1388
1389
1390
1391
1392
1393
1394
1395
1396
1397
1398
1399
1400
1401
1402
1403
1404
1405
1406
1407
1408
1409
1410
1411
1412
1413
1414
1415
1416
1417
1418
1419
1420
1421
1422
1423
1424
1425
1426
1427
1428
1429
1430
1431
1432
1433
1434
1435
1436
1437
1438
1439
1440
1441
1442
1443
1444
1445
1446
1447
1448
1449
1450
1451
1452
1453
1454
1455
1456
1457
1458
1459
1460
1461
1462
1463
1464
1465
1466
1467
1468
1469
1470
1471
1472
1473
1474
1475
1476
1477
1478
1479
1480
1481
1482
1483
1484
1485
1486
1487
1488
1489
1490
1491
1492
1493
1494
1495
1496
1497
1498
1499
1500
1501
1502
1503
1504
1505
1506
1507
1508
1509
1510
1511
1512
1513
1514
1515
1516
1517
1518
1519
1520
1521
1522
1523
1524
1525
1526
1527
1528
1529
1530
1531
1532
1533
1534
1535
1536
1537
1538
1539
1540
1541
1542
1543
1544
1545
1546
1547
1548
1549
1550
1551
1552
1553
1554
1555
1556
1557
1558
1559
1560
1561
1562
1563
1564
1565
1566
1567
1568
1569
1570
1571
1572
1573
1574
1575
1576
1577
1578
1579
1580
1581
1582
1583
1584
1585
1586
1587
1588
1589
1590
1591
1592
1593
1594
1595
1596
1597
1598
1599
1600
1601
1602
1603
1604
1605
1606
1607
1608
1609
1610
1611
1612
1613
1614
1615
1616
1617
1618
1619
1620
1621
1622
1623
1624
1625
1626
1627
1628
1629
1630
1631
1632
1633
1634
1635
1636
1637
1638
1639
1640
1641
1642
1643
1644
1645
1646
1647
1648
1649
1650
1651
1652
1653
1654
1655
1656
1657
1658
1659
1660
1661
1662
1663
1664
1665
1666
1667
1668
1669
1670
1671
1672
1673
1674
1675
1676
1677
1678
1679
1680
1681
1682
1683
1684
1685
1686
1687
1688
1689
1690
1691
1692
1693
1694
1695
1696
1697
1698
1699
1700
1701
1702
1703
1704
1705
1706
1707
1708
1709
1710
1711
1712
1713
1714
1715
1716
1717
1718
1719
1720
1721
1722
1723
1724
1725
1726
1727
1728
1729
1730
1731
1732
1733
1734
1735
1736
1737
1738
1739
1740
1741
1742
1743
1744
1745
1746
1747
1748
1749
1750
1751
1752
1753
1754
1755
1756
1757
1758
1759
1760
1761
1762
1763
1764
1765
1766
1767
1768
1769
1770
1771
1772
1773
1774
1775
1776
1777
1778
1779
1780
1781
1782
1783
1784
1785
1786
1787
1788
1789
1790
1791
1792
1793
1794
1795
1796
1797
1798
1799
1800
1801
1802
1803
1804
1805
1806
1807
1808
1809
1810
1811
1812
1813
1814
1815
1816
1817
1818
1819
1820
1821
1822
1823
1824
1825
1826
1827
1828
1829
1830
1831
1832
1833
1834
1835
1836
1837
1838
1839
1840
1841
1842
1843
1844
1845
1846
1847
1848
1849
1850
1851
1852
1853
1854
1855
1856
1857
1858
1859
1860
1861
1862
1863
1864
1865
1866
1867
1868
1869
1870
1871
1872
1873
1874
1875
1876
1877
1878
1879
1880
1881
1882
1883
1884
1885
1886
1887
1888
1889
1890
1891
1892
1893
1894
1895
1896
1897
1898
1899
1900
1901
1902
1903
1904
1905
1906
1907
1908
1909
1910
1911
1912
1913
1914
1915
1916
1917
1918
1919
1920
1921
1922
1923
1924
1925
1926
1927
1928
1929
1930
1931
1932
1933
1934
1935
1936
1937
1938
1939
1940
1941
1942
1943
1944
1945
1946
1947
1948
1949
1950
1951
1952
1953
1954
1955
1956
1957
1958
1959
1960
1961
1962
1963
1964
1965
1966
1967
1968
1969
1970
1971
1972
1973
1974
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
2015
2016
2017
2018
2019
2020
2021
2022
2023
2024
2025
2026
2027
2028
2029
2030
2031
2032
2033
2034
2035
2036
2037
2038
2039
2040
2041
2042
2043
2044
2045
2046
2047
2048
2049
2050
2051
2052
2053
2054
2055
2056
2057
2058
2059
2060
2061
2062
2063
2064
2065
2066
2067
2068
2069
2070
2071
2072
2073
2074
2075
2076
2077
2078
2079
2080
2081
2082
2083
2084
2085
2086
2087
2088
2089
2090
2091
2092
2093
2094
2095
2096
2097
2098
2099
2100
2101
2102
2103
2104
2105
2106
2107
2108
2109
2110
2111
2112
2113
2114
2115
2116
2117
2118
2119
2120
2121
2122
2123
2124
2125
2126
2127
2128
2129
2130
2131
2132
2133
2134
2135
2136
2137
2138
2139
2140
2141
2142
2143
2144
2145
2146
2147
2148
2149
2150
2151
2152
2153
2154
2155
2156
2157
2158
2159
2160
2161
2162
2163
2164
2165
2166
2167
2168
2169
2170
2171
2172
2173
2174
2175
2176
2177
2178
2179
2180
2181
2182
2183
2184
2185
2186
2187
2188
2189
2190
2191
2192
2193
2194
2195
2196
2197
2198
2199
2200
2201
2202
2203
2204
2205
2206
2207
2208
2209
2210
2211
2212
2213
2214
2215
2216
2217
2218
2219
2220
2221
2222
2223
2224
2225
2226
2227
2228
2229
2230
2231
2232
2233
2234
2235
2236
2237
2238
2239
2240
2241
2242
2243
2244
2245
2246
2247
2248
2249
2250
2251
2252
2253
2254
2255
2256
2257
2258
2259
2260
2261
2262
2263
2264
2265
2266
2267
2268
2269
2270
2271
2272
2273
2274
2275
2276
2277
2278
2279
2280
2281
2282
2283
2284
2285
2286
2287
2288
2289
2290
2291
2292
2293
2294
2295
2296
2297
2298
2299
2300
2301
2302
2303
2304
2305
2306
2307
2308
2309
2310
2311
2312
2313
2314
2315
2316
2317
2318
2319
2320
2321
2322
2323
2324
2325
2326
2327
2328
2329
2330
2331
2332
2333
2334
2335
2336
2337
2338
2339
2340
2341
2342
2343
2344
2345
2346
2347
2348
2349
2350
2351
2352
2353
2354
2355
2356
2357
2358
2359
2360
2361
2362
2363
2364
2365
2366
2367
2368
2369
2370
2371
2372
2373
2374
2375
2376
2377
2378
2379
2380
2381
2382
2383
2384
2385
2386
2387
2388
2389
2390
2391
2392
2393
2394
2395
2396
2397
2398
2399
2400
2401
2402
2403
2404
2405
2406
2407
2408
2409
2410
2411
2412
2413
2414
2415
2416
2417
2418
2419
2420
2421
2422
2423
2424
2425
2426
2427
2428
2429
2430
2431
2432
2433
2434
2435
2436
2437
2438
2439
2440
2441
2442
2443
2444
2445
2446
2447
2448
2449
2450
2451
2452
2453
2454
2455
2456
2457
2458
2459
2460
2461
2462
2463
2464
2465
2466
2467
2468
2469
2470
2471
2472
2473
2474
2475
2476
2477
2478
2479
2480
2481
2482
2483
2484
2485
2486
2487
2488
2489
2490
2491
2492
2493
2494
2495
2496
2497
2498
2499
2500
2501
2502
2503
2504
2505
2506
2507
2508
2509
2510
2511
2512
2513
2514
2515
2516
2517
2518
2519
2520
2521
2522
2523
2524
2525
2526
2527
2528
2529
2530
2531
2532
2533
2534
2535
2536
2537
2538
2539
2540
2541
2542
2543
2544
2545
2546
2547
2548
2549
2550
2551
2552
2553
2554
2555
2556
2557
2558
2559
2560
2561
2562
2563
2564
2565
2566
2567
2568
2569
2570
2571
2572
2573
2574
2575
2576
2577
2578
2579
2580
2581
2582
2583
2584
2585
2586
2587
2588
2589
2590
2591
2592
2593
2594
2595
2596
2597
2598
2599
2600
2601
2602
2603
2604
2605
2606
2607
2608
2609
2610
2611
2612
2613
2614
2615
2616
2617
2618
2619
2620
2621
2622
2623
2624
2625
2626
2627
2628
2629
2630
2631
2632
2633
2634
2635
2636
2637
2638
2639
2640
2641
2642
2643
2644
2645
2646
2647
2648
2649
2650
2651
2652
2653
2654
2655
2656
2657
2658
2659
2660
2661
2662
2663
2664
2665
2666
2667
2668
2669
2670
2671
2672
2673
2674
2675
2676
2677
2678
2679
2680
2681
2682
2683
2684
2685
2686
2687
2688
2689
2690
2691
2692
2693
2694
2695
2696
2697
2698
2699
2700
2701
2702
2703
2704
2705
2706
2707
2708
2709
2710
2711
2712
2713
2714
2715
2716
2717
2718
2719
2720
2721
2722
2723
2724
2725
2726
2727
2728
2729
2730
2731
2732
2733
2734
2735
2736
2737
2738
2739
2740
2741
2742
2743
2744
2745
2746
2747
2748
2749
2750
2751
2752
2753
2754
2755
2756
2757
2758
2759
2760
2761
2762
2763
2764
2765
2766
2767
2768
2769
2770
2771
2772
2773
2774
2775
2776
2777
2778
2779
2780
2781
2782
2783
2784
2785
2786
2787
2788
2789
2790
2791
2792
2793
2794
2795
2796
2797
2798
2799
2800
2801
2802
2803
2804
2805
2806
2807
2808
2809
2810
2811
2812
2813
2814
2815
2816
2817
2818
2819
2820
2821
2822
2823
2824
2825
2826
2827
2828
2829
2830
2831
2832
2833
2834
2835
2836
2837
2838
2839
2840
2841
2842
2843
2844
2845
2846
2847
2848
2849
2850
2851
2852
2853
2854
2855
2856
2857
2858
2859
2860
2861
2862
2863
2864
2865
2866
2867
2868
2869
2870
2871
2872
2873
2874
2875
2876
2877
2878
2879
2880
2881
2882
2883
2884
2885
2886
2887
2888
2889
2890
2891
2892
2893
2894
2895
2896
2897
2898
2899
2900
2901
2902
2903
2904
2905
2906
2907
2908
2909
2910
2911
2912
2913
2914
2915
2916
2917
2918
2919
2920
2921
2922
2923
2924
2925
2926
2927
2928
2929
2930
2931
2932
2933
2934
2935
2936
2937
2938
2939
2940
2941
2942
2943
2944
2945
2946
2947
2948
2949
2950
2951
2952
2953
2954
2955
2956
2957
2958
2959
2960
2961
2962
2963
2964
2965
2966
2967
2968
2969
2970
2971
2972
2973
2974
2975
2976
2977
2978
2979
2980
2981
2982
2983
2984
2985
2986
2987
2988
2989
2990
2991
2992
2993
2994
2995
2996
2997
2998
2999
3000
3001
3002
3003
3004
3005
3006
3007
3008
3009
3010
3011
3012
3013
3014
3015
3016
3017
3018
3019
3020
3021
3022
3023
3024
3025
3026
3027
3028
3029
3030
3031
3032
3033
3034
3035
3036
3037
3038
3039
3040
3041
3042
3043
3044
3045
3046
3047
3048
3049
3050
3051
3052
3053
3054
3055
3056
3057
3058
3059
3060
3061
3062
3063
3064
3065
3066
3067
3068
3069
3070
3071
3072
3073
3074
3075
3076
3077
3078
3079
3080
3081
3082
3083
3084
3085
3086
3087
3088
3089
3090
3091
3092
3093
3094
3095
3096
3097
3098
3099
3100
3101
3102
3103
3104
3105
3106
3107
3108
3109
3110
3111
3112
3113
3114
3115
3116
3117
3118
3119
3120
3121
3122
3123
3124
3125
3126
3127
3128
3129
3130
3131
3132
3133
3134
3135
3136
3137
3138
3139
3140
3141
3142
3143
3144
3145
3146
3147
3148
3149
3150
3151
3152
3153
3154
3155
3156
3157
3158
3159
3160
3161
3162
3163
3164
3165
3166
3167
3168
3169
3170
3171
3172
3173
3174
3175
3176
3177
3178
3179
3180
3181
3182
3183
3184
3185
3186
3187
3188
3189
3190
3191
3192
3193
3194
3195
3196
3197
3198
3199
3200
3201
3202
3203
3204
3205
3206
3207
3208
3209
3210
3211
3212
3213
3214
3215
3216
3217
3218
3219
3220
3221
3222
3223
3224
3225
3226
3227
3228
3229
3230
3231
3232
3233
3234
3235
3236
3237
3238
3239
3240
3241
3242
3243
3244
3245
3246
3247
3248
3249
3250
3251
3252
3253
3254
3255
3256
3257
3258
3259
3260
3261
3262
3263
3264
3265
3266
3267
3268
3269
3270
3271
3272
3273
3274
3275
3276
3277
3278
3279
3280
3281
3282
3283
3284
3285
3286
3287
3288
3289
3290
3291
3292
3293
3294
3295
3296
3297
3298
3299
3300
3301
3302
3303
3304
3305
3306
3307
3308
3309
3310
3311
3312
3313
3314
3315
3316
3317
3318
3319
3320
3321
3322
3323
3324
3325
3326
3327
3328
3329
3330
3331
3332
3333
3334
3335
3336
3337
3338
3339
3340
3341
3342
3343
3344
3345
3346
3347
3348
3349
3350
3351
3352
3353
3354
3355
3356
3357
3358
3359
3360
3361
3362
3363
3364
3365
3366
3367
3368
3369
3370
3371
3372
3373
3374
3375
3376
3377
3378
3379
3380
3381
3382
3383
3384
3385
3386
3387
3388
3389
3390
3391
3392
3393
3394
3395
3396
3397
3398
3399
3400
3401
3402
3403
3404
3405
3406
3407
3408
3409
3410
3411
3412
3413
3414
3415
3416
3417
3418
3419
3420
3421
3422
3423
3424
3425
3426
3427
3428
3429
3430
3431
3432
3433
3434
3435
3436
3437
3438
3439
3440
3441
3442
3443
3444
3445
3446
3447
3448
3449
3450
3451
3452
3453
3454
3455
3456
3457
3458
3459
3460
3461
3462
3463
3464
3465
3466
3467
3468
3469
3470
3471
3472
3473
3474
3475
3476
3477
3478
3479
3480
3481
3482
3483
3484
3485
3486
3487
3488
3489
3490
3491
3492
3493
3494
3495
3496
3497
3498
3499
3500
3501
3502
3503
3504
3505
3506
3507
3508
3509
3510
3511
3512
3513
3514
3515
3516
3517
3518
3519
3520
3521
3522
3523
3524
3525
3526
3527
3528
3529
3530
3531
3532
3533
3534
3535
3536
3537
3538
3539
3540
3541
3542
3543
3544
3545
3546
3547
3548
3549
3550
3551
3552
3553
3554
3555
3556
3557
3558
3559
3560
3561
3562
3563
3564
3565
3566
3567
3568
3569
3570
3571
3572
3573
3574
3575
3576
3577
3578
3579
3580
3581
3582
3583
3584
3585
3586
3587
3588
3589
3590
3591
3592
3593
3594
3595
3596
3597
3598
3599
3600
3601
3602
3603
3604
3605
3606
3607
3608
3609
3610
3611
3612
3613
3614
3615
3616
3617
3618
3619
3620
3621
3622
3623
3624
3625
3626
3627
3628
3629
3630
3631
3632
3633
3634
3635
3636
3637
3638
3639
3640
3641
3642
3643
3644
3645
3646
3647
3648
3649
3650
3651
3652
3653
3654
3655
3656
3657
3658
3659
3660
3661
3662
3663
3664
3665
3666
3667
3668
3669
3670
3671
3672
3673
3674
3675
3676
3677
3678
3679
3680
3681
3682
3683
3684
3685
3686
3687
3688
3689
3690
3691
3692
3693
3694
3695
3696
3697
3698
3699
3700
3701
3702
3703
3704
3705
3706
3707
3708
3709
3710
3711
3712
3713
3714
3715
3716
3717
3718
3719
3720
3721
3722
3723
3724
3725
3726
3727
3728
3729
3730
3731
3732
3733
3734
3735
3736
3737
3738
3739
3740
3741
3742
3743
3744
3745
3746
3747
3748
3749
3750
3751
3752
3753
3754
3755
3756
3757
3758
3759
3760
3761
3762
3763
3764
3765
3766
3767
3768
3769
3770
3771
3772
3773
3774
3775
3776
3777
3778
3779
3780
3781
3782
3783
3784
3785
3786
3787
3788
3789
3790
3791
3792
3793
3794
3795
3796
3797
3798
3799
3800
3801
3802
3803
3804
3805
3806
3807
3808
3809
3810
3811
3812
3813
3814
3815
3816
3817
3818
3819
3820
3821
3822
3823
3824
3825
3826
3827
3828
3829
3830
3831
3832
3833
3834
3835
3836
3837
3838
3839
3840
3841
3842
3843
3844
3845
3846
3847
3848
3849
3850
3851
3852
3853
3854
3855
3856
3857
3858
3859
3860
3861
3862
3863
3864
3865
3866
3867
3868
3869
3870
3871
3872
3873
3874
3875
3876
3877
3878
3879
3880
3881
3882
3883
3884
3885
3886
3887
3888
3889
3890
3891
3892
3893
3894
3895
3896
3897
3898
3899
3900
3901
3902
3903
3904
3905
3906
3907
3908
3909
3910
3911
3912
3913
3914
3915
3916
3917
3918
3919
3920
3921
3922
3923
3924
3925
3926
3927
3928
3929
3930
3931
3932
3933
3934
3935
3936
3937
3938
3939
3940
3941
3942
3943
3944
3945
3946
3947
3948
3949
3950
3951
3952
3953
3954
3955
3956
3957
3958
3959
3960
3961
3962
3963
3964
3965
3966
3967
3968
3969
3970
3971
3972
3973
3974
3975
3976
3977
3978
3979
3980
3981
3982
3983
3984
3985
3986
3987
3988
3989
3990
3991
3992
3993
3994
3995
3996
3997
3998
3999
4000
4001
4002
4003
4004
4005
4006
4007
4008
4009
4010
4011
4012
4013
4014
4015
4016
4017
4018
4019
4020
4021
4022
4023
4024
4025
4026
4027
4028
4029
4030
4031
4032
4033
4034
4035
4036
4037
4038
4039
4040
4041
4042
4043
4044
4045
4046
4047
4048
4049
4050
4051
4052
4053
4054
4055
4056
4057
4058
4059
4060
4061
4062
4063
4064
4065
4066
4067
4068
4069
4070
4071
4072
4073
4074
4075
4076
4077
4078
4079
4080
4081
4082
4083
4084
4085
4086
4087
4088
4089
4090
4091
4092
4093
4094
4095
4096
4097
4098
4099
4100
4101
4102
4103
4104
4105
4106
4107
4108
4109
4110
4111
4112
4113
4114
4115
4116
4117
4118
4119
4120
4121
4122
4123
4124
4125
4126
4127
4128
4129
4130
4131
4132
4133
4134
4135
4136
4137
4138
4139
4140
4141
4142
4143
4144
4145
4146
4147
4148
4149
4150
4151
4152
4153
4154
4155
4156
4157
4158
4159
4160
4161
4162
4163
4164
4165
4166
4167
4168
4169
4170
4171
4172
4173
4174
4175
4176
4177
4178
4179
4180
4181
4182
4183
4184
4185
4186
4187
4188
4189
4190
4191
4192
4193
4194
4195
4196
4197
4198
4199
4200
4201
4202
4203
4204
4205
4206
4207
4208
4209
4210
4211
4212
4213
4214
4215
4216
4217
4218
4219
4220
4221
4222
4223
4224
4225
4226
4227
4228
4229
4230
4231
4232
4233
4234
4235
4236
4237
4238
4239
4240
4241
4242
4243
4244
4245
4246
4247
4248
4249
4250
4251
4252
4253
4254
4255
4256
4257
4258
4259
4260
4261
4262
4263
4264
4265
4266
4267
4268
4269
4270
4271
4272
4273
4274
4275
4276
4277
4278
4279
4280
4281
4282
4283
4284
4285
4286
4287
4288
4289
4290
4291
4292
4293
4294
4295
4296
4297
4298
4299
4300
4301
4302
4303
4304
4305
4306
4307
4308
4309
4310
4311
4312
4313
4314
4315
4316
4317
4318
4319
4320
4321
4322
4323
4324
4325
4326
4327
4328
4329
4330
4331
4332
4333
4334
4335
4336
4337
4338
4339
4340
4341
4342
4343
4344
4345
4346
4347
4348
4349
4350
4351
4352
4353
4354
4355
4356
4357
4358
4359
4360
4361
4362
4363
4364
4365
4366
4367
4368
4369
4370
4371
4372
4373
/***************************************************************************
 *                                  _   _ ____  _
 *  Project                     ___| | | |  _ \| |
 *                             / __| | | | |_) | |
 *                            | (__| |_| |  _ <| |___
 *                             \___|\___/|_| \_\_____|
 *
 * Copyright (C) 1998 - 2020, Daniel Stenberg, <daniel@haxx.se>, et al.
 *
 * This software is licensed as described in the file COPYING, which
 * you should have received as part of this distribution. The terms
 * are also available at https://curl.haxx.se/docs/copyright.html.
 *
 * You may opt to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute and/or sell
 * copies of the Software, and permit persons to whom the Software is
 * furnished to do so, under the terms of the COPYING file.
 *
 * This software is distributed on an "AS IS" basis, WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY
 * KIND, either express or implied.
 *
 ***************************************************************************/

#include "curl_setup.h"

#ifndef CURL_DISABLE_FTP

#ifdef HAVE_NETINET_IN_H
#include <netinet/in.h>
#endif
#ifdef HAVE_ARPA_INET_H
#include <arpa/inet.h>
#endif
#ifdef HAVE_UTSNAME_H
#include <sys/utsname.h>
#endif
#ifdef HAVE_NETDB_H
#include <netdb.h>
#endif
#ifdef __VMS
#include <in.h>
#include <inet.h>
#endif

#if (defined(NETWARE) && defined(__NOVELL_LIBC__))
#undef in_addr_t
#define in_addr_t unsigned long
#endif

#include <curl/curl.h>
#include "urldata.h"
#include "sendf.h"
#include "if2ip.h"
#include "hostip.h"
#include "progress.h"
#include "transfer.h"
#include "escape.h"
#include "http.h" /* for HTTP proxy tunnel stuff */
#include "socks.h"
#include "ftp.h"
#include "fileinfo.h"
#include "ftplistparser.h"
#include "curl_range.h"
#include "curl_sec.h"
#include "strtoofft.h"
#include "strcase.h"
#include "vtls/vtls.h"
#include "connect.h"
#include "strerror.h"
#include "inet_ntop.h"
#include "inet_pton.h"
#include "select.h"
#include "parsedate.h" /* for the week day and month names */
#include "sockaddr.h" /* required for Curl_sockaddr_storage */
#include "multiif.h"
#include "url.h"
#include "strcase.h"
#include "speedcheck.h"
#include "warnless.h"
#include "http_proxy.h"
#include "non-ascii.h"
/* The last 3 #include files should be in this order */
#include "curl_printf.h"
#include "curl_memory.h"
#include "memdebug.h"

#ifndef NI_MAXHOST
#define NI_MAXHOST 1025
#endif
#ifndef INET_ADDRSTRLEN
#define INET_ADDRSTRLEN 16
#endif

#ifdef CURL_DISABLE_VERBOSE_STRINGS
#define ftp_pasv_verbose(a,b,c,d)  Curl_nop_stmt
#endif

/* Local API functions */
#ifndef DEBUGBUILD
static void _state(struct connectdata *conn,
                   ftpstate newstate);
#define state(x,y) _state(x,y)
#else
static void _state(struct connectdata *conn,
                   ftpstate newstate,
                   int lineno);
#define state(x,y) _state(x,y,__LINE__)
#endif

static CURLcode ftp_sendquote(struct connectdata *conn,
                              struct curl_slist *quote);
static CURLcode ftp_quit(struct connectdata *conn);
static CURLcode ftp_parse_url_path(struct connectdata *conn);
static CURLcode ftp_regular_transfer(struct connectdata *conn, bool *done);
#ifndef CURL_DISABLE_VERBOSE_STRINGS
static void ftp_pasv_verbose(struct connectdata *conn,
                             Curl_addrinfo *ai,
                             char *newhost, /* ascii version */
                             int port);
#endif
static CURLcode ftp_state_prepare_transfer(struct connectdata *conn);
static CURLcode ftp_state_mdtm(struct connectdata *conn);
static CURLcode ftp_state_quote(struct connectdata *conn,
                                bool init, ftpstate instate);
static CURLcode ftp_nb_type(struct connectdata *conn,
                            bool ascii, ftpstate newstate);
static int ftp_need_type(struct connectdata *conn,
                         bool ascii);
static CURLcode ftp_do(struct connectdata *conn, bool *done);
static CURLcode ftp_done(struct connectdata *conn,
                         CURLcode, bool premature);
static CURLcode ftp_connect(struct connectdata *conn, bool *done);
static CURLcode ftp_disconnect(struct connectdata *conn, bool dead_connection);
static CURLcode ftp_do_more(struct connectdata *conn, int *completed);
static CURLcode ftp_multi_statemach(struct connectdata *conn, bool *done);
static int ftp_getsock(struct connectdata *conn, curl_socket_t *socks);
static int ftp_domore_getsock(struct connectdata *conn, curl_socket_t *socks);
static CURLcode ftp_doing(struct connectdata *conn,
                          bool *dophase_done);
static CURLcode ftp_setup_connection(struct connectdata * conn);

static CURLcode init_wc_data(struct connectdata *conn);
static CURLcode wc_statemach(struct connectdata *conn);

static void wc_data_dtor(void *ptr);

static CURLcode ftp_state_retr(struct connectdata *conn, curl_off_t filesize);

static CURLcode ftp_readresp(curl_socket_t sockfd,
                             struct pingpong *pp,
                             int *ftpcode,
                             size_t *size);
static CURLcode ftp_dophase_done(struct connectdata *conn,
                                 bool connected);

/* easy-to-use macro: */
#define PPSENDF(x,y,z)  result = Curl_pp_sendf(x,y,z); \
                        if(result)                     \
                          return result


/*
 * FTP protocol handler.
 */

const struct Curl_handler Curl_handler_ftp = {
  "FTP",                           /* scheme */
  ftp_setup_connection,            /* setup_connection */
  ftp_do,                          /* do_it */
  ftp_done,                        /* done */
  ftp_do_more,                     /* do_more */
  ftp_connect,                     /* connect_it */
  ftp_multi_statemach,             /* connecting */
  ftp_doing,                       /* doing */
  ftp_getsock,                     /* proto_getsock */
  ftp_getsock,                     /* doing_getsock */
  ftp_domore_getsock,              /* domore_getsock */
  ZERO_NULL,                       /* perform_getsock */
  ftp_disconnect,                  /* disconnect */
  ZERO_NULL,                       /* readwrite */
  ZERO_NULL,                       /* connection_check */
  PORT_FTP,                        /* defport */
  CURLPROTO_FTP,                   /* protocol */
  PROTOPT_DUAL | PROTOPT_CLOSEACTION | PROTOPT_NEEDSPWD |
  PROTOPT_NOURLQUERY | PROTOPT_PROXY_AS_HTTP |
  PROTOPT_WILDCARD /* flags */
};


#ifdef USE_SSL
/*
 * FTPS protocol handler.
 */

const struct Curl_handler Curl_handler_ftps = {
  "FTPS",                          /* scheme */
  ftp_setup_connection,            /* setup_connection */
  ftp_do,                          /* do_it */
  ftp_done,                        /* done */
  ftp_do_more,                     /* do_more */
  ftp_connect,                     /* connect_it */
  ftp_multi_statemach,             /* connecting */
  ftp_doing,                       /* doing */
  ftp_getsock,                     /* proto_getsock */
  ftp_getsock,                     /* doing_getsock */
  ftp_domore_getsock,              /* domore_getsock */
  ZERO_NULL,                       /* perform_getsock */
  ftp_disconnect,                  /* disconnect */
  ZERO_NULL,                       /* readwrite */
  ZERO_NULL,                       /* connection_check */
  PORT_FTPS,                       /* defport */
  CURLPROTO_FTPS,                  /* protocol */
  PROTOPT_SSL | PROTOPT_DUAL | PROTOPT_CLOSEACTION |
  PROTOPT_NEEDSPWD | PROTOPT_NOURLQUERY | PROTOPT_WILDCARD /* flags */
};
#endif

static void close_secondarysocket(struct connectdata *conn)
{
  if(CURL_SOCKET_BAD != conn->sock[SECONDARYSOCKET]) {
    Curl_closesocket(conn, conn->sock[SECONDARYSOCKET]);
    conn->sock[SECONDARYSOCKET] = CURL_SOCKET_BAD;
  }
  conn->bits.tcpconnect[SECONDARYSOCKET] = FALSE;
}

/*
 * NOTE: back in the old days, we added code in the FTP code that made NOBODY
 * requests on files respond with headers passed to the client/stdout that
 * looked like HTTP ones.
 *
 * This approach is not very elegant, it causes confusion and is error-prone.
 * It is subject for removal at the next (or at least a future) soname bump.
 * Until then you can test the effects of the removal by undefining the
 * following define named CURL_FTP_HTTPSTYLE_HEAD.
 */
#define CURL_FTP_HTTPSTYLE_HEAD 1

static void freedirs(struct ftp_conn *ftpc)
{
  if(ftpc->dirs) {
    int i;
    for(i = 0; i < ftpc->dirdepth; i++) {
      free(ftpc->dirs[i]);
      ftpc->dirs[i] = NULL;
    }
    free(ftpc->dirs);
    ftpc->dirs = NULL;
    ftpc->dirdepth = 0;
  }
  Curl_safefree(ftpc->file);

  /* no longer of any use */
  Curl_safefree(ftpc->newhost);
}

/***********************************************************************
 *
 * AcceptServerConnect()
 *
 * After connection request is received from the server this function is
 * called to accept the connection and close the listening socket
 *
 */
static CURLcode AcceptServerConnect(struct connectdata *conn)
{
  struct Curl_easy *data = conn->data;
  curl_socket_t sock = conn->sock[SECONDARYSOCKET];
  curl_socket_t s = CURL_SOCKET_BAD;
#ifdef ENABLE_IPV6
  struct Curl_sockaddr_storage add;
#else
  struct sockaddr_in add;
#endif
  curl_socklen_t size = (curl_socklen_t) sizeof(add);

  if(0 == getsockname(sock, (struct sockaddr *) &add, &size)) {
    size = sizeof(add);

    s = accept(sock, (struct sockaddr *) &add, &size);
  }
  Curl_closesocket(conn, sock); /* close the first socket */

  if(CURL_SOCKET_BAD == s) {
    failf(data, "Error accept()ing server connect");
    return CURLE_FTP_PORT_FAILED;
  }
  infof(data, "Connection accepted from server\n");
  /* when this happens within the DO state it is important that we mark us as
     not needing DO_MORE anymore */
  conn->bits.do_more = FALSE;

  conn->sock[SECONDARYSOCKET] = s;
  (void)curlx_nonblock(s, TRUE); /* enable non-blocking */
  conn->sock_accepted[SECONDARYSOCKET] = TRUE;

  if(data->set.fsockopt) {
    int error = 0;

    /* activate callback for setting socket options */
    Curl_set_in_callback(data, true);
    error = data->set.fsockopt(data->set.sockopt_client,
                               s,
                               CURLSOCKTYPE_ACCEPT);
    Curl_set_in_callback(data, false);

    if(error) {
      close_secondarysocket(conn);
      return CURLE_ABORTED_BY_CALLBACK;
    }
  }

  return CURLE_OK;

}

/*
 * ftp_timeleft_accept() returns the amount of milliseconds left allowed for
 * waiting server to connect. If the value is negative, the timeout time has
 * already elapsed.
 *
 * The start time is stored in progress.t_acceptdata - as set with
 * Curl_pgrsTime(..., TIMER_STARTACCEPT);
 *
 */
static timediff_t ftp_timeleft_accept(struct Curl_easy *data)
{
  timediff_t timeout_ms = DEFAULT_ACCEPT_TIMEOUT;
  timediff_t other;
  struct curltime now;

  if(data->set.accepttimeout > 0)
    timeout_ms = data->set.accepttimeout;

  now = Curl_now();

  /* check if the generic timeout possibly is set shorter */
  other =  Curl_timeleft(data, &now, FALSE);
  if(other && (other < timeout_ms))
    /* note that this also works fine for when other happens to be negative
       due to it already having elapsed */
    timeout_ms = other;
  else {
    /* subtract elapsed time */
    timeout_ms -= Curl_timediff(now, data->progress.t_acceptdata);
    if(!timeout_ms)
      /* avoid returning 0 as that means no timeout! */
      return -1;
  }

  return timeout_ms;
}


/***********************************************************************
 *
 * ReceivedServerConnect()
 *
 * After allowing server to connect to us from data port, this function
 * checks both data connection for connection establishment and ctrl
 * connection for a negative response regarding a failure in connecting
 *
 */
static CURLcode ReceivedServerConnect(struct connectdata *conn, bool *received)
{
  struct Curl_easy *data = conn->data;
  curl_socket_t ctrl_sock = conn->sock[FIRSTSOCKET];
  curl_socket_t data_sock = conn->sock[SECONDARYSOCKET];
  struct ftp_conn *ftpc = &conn->proto.ftpc;
  struct pingpong *pp = &ftpc->pp;
  int result;
  timediff_t timeout_ms;
  ssize_t nread;
  int ftpcode;

  *received = FALSE;

  timeout_ms = ftp_timeleft_accept(data);
  infof(data, "Checking for server connect\n");
  if(timeout_ms < 0) {
    /* if a timeout was already reached, bail out */
    failf(data, "Accept timeout occurred while waiting server connect");
    return CURLE_FTP_ACCEPT_TIMEOUT;
  }

  /* First check whether there is a cached response from server */
  if(pp->cache_size && pp->cache && pp->cache[0] > '3') {
    /* Data connection could not be established, let's return */
    infof(data, "There is negative response in cache while serv connect\n");
    Curl_GetFTPResponse(&nread, conn, &ftpcode);
    return CURLE_FTP_ACCEPT_FAILED;
  }

  result = Curl_socket_check(ctrl_sock, data_sock, CURL_SOCKET_BAD, 0);

  /* see if the connection request is already here */
  switch(result) {
  case -1: /* error */
    /* let's die here */
    failf(data, "Error while waiting for server connect");
    return CURLE_FTP_ACCEPT_FAILED;
  case 0:  /* Server connect is not received yet */
    break; /* loop */
  default:

    if(result & CURL_CSELECT_IN2) {
      infof(data, "Ready to accept data connection from server\n");
      *received = TRUE;
    }
    else if(result & CURL_CSELECT_IN) {
      infof(data, "Ctrl conn has data while waiting for data conn\n");
      Curl_GetFTPResponse(&nread, conn, &ftpcode);

      if(ftpcode/100 > 3)
        return CURLE_FTP_ACCEPT_FAILED;

      return CURLE_WEIRD_SERVER_REPLY;
    }

    break;
  } /* switch() */

  return CURLE_OK;
}


/***********************************************************************
 *
 * InitiateTransfer()
 *
 * After connection from server is accepted this function is called to
 * setup transfer parameters and initiate the data transfer.
 *
 */
static CURLcode InitiateTransfer(struct connectdata *conn)
{
  struct Curl_easy *data = conn->data;
  CURLcode result = CURLE_OK;

  if(conn->bits.ftp_use_data_ssl) {
    /* since we only have a plaintext TCP connection here, we must now
     * do the TLS stuff */
    infof(data, "Doing the SSL/TLS handshake on the data stream\n");
    result = Curl_ssl_connect(conn, SECONDARYSOCKET);
    if(result)
      return result;
  }

  if(conn->proto.ftpc.state_saved == FTP_STOR) {
    /* When we know we're uploading a specified file, we can get the file
       size prior to the actual upload. */
    Curl_pgrsSetUploadSize(data, data->state.infilesize);

    /* set the SO_SNDBUF for the secondary socket for those who need it */
    Curl_sndbufset(conn->sock[SECONDARYSOCKET]);

    Curl_setup_transfer(data, -1, -1, FALSE, SECONDARYSOCKET);
  }
  else {
    /* FTP download: */
    Curl_setup_transfer(data, SECONDARYSOCKET,
                        conn->proto.ftpc.retr_size_saved, FALSE, -1);
  }

  conn->proto.ftpc.pp.pending_resp = TRUE; /* expect server response */
  state(conn, FTP_STOP);

  return CURLE_OK;
}

/***********************************************************************
 *
 * AllowServerConnect()
 *
 * When we've issue the PORT command, we have told the server to connect to
 * us. This function checks whether data connection is established if so it is
 * accepted.
 *
 */
static CURLcode AllowServerConnect(struct connectdata *conn, bool *connected)
{
  struct Curl_easy *data = conn->data;
  timediff_t timeout_ms;
  CURLcode result = CURLE_OK;

  *connected = FALSE;
  infof(data, "Preparing for accepting server on data port\n");

  /* Save the time we start accepting server connect */
  Curl_pgrsTime(data, TIMER_STARTACCEPT);

  timeout_ms = ftp_timeleft_accept(data);
  if(timeout_ms < 0) {
    /* if a timeout was already reached, bail out */
    failf(data, "Accept timeout occurred while waiting server connect");
    return CURLE_FTP_ACCEPT_TIMEOUT;
  }

  /* see if the connection request is already here */
  result = ReceivedServerConnect(conn, connected);
  if(result)
    return result;

  if(*connected) {
    result = AcceptServerConnect(conn);
    if(result)
      return result;

    result = InitiateTransfer(conn);
    if(result)
      return result;
  }
  else {
    /* Add timeout to multi handle and break out of the loop */
    if(*connected == FALSE) {
      Curl_expire(data, data->set.accepttimeout > 0 ?
                  data->set.accepttimeout: DEFAULT_ACCEPT_TIMEOUT, 0);
    }
  }

  return result;
}

/* macro to check for a three-digit ftp status code at the start of the
   given string */
#define STATUSCODE(line) (ISDIGIT(line[0]) && ISDIGIT(line[1]) &&       \
                          ISDIGIT(line[2]))

/* macro to check for the last line in an FTP server response */
#define LASTLINE(line) (STATUSCODE(line) && (' ' == line[3]))

static bool ftp_endofresp(struct connectdata *conn, char *line, size_t len,
                          int *code)
{
  (void)conn;

  if((len > 3) && LASTLINE(line)) {
    *code = curlx_sltosi(strtol(line, NULL, 10));
    return TRUE;
  }

  return FALSE;
}

static CURLcode ftp_readresp(curl_socket_t sockfd,
                             struct pingpong *pp,
                             int *ftpcode, /* return the ftp-code if done */
                             size_t *size) /* size of the response */
{
  struct connectdata *conn = pp->conn;
  struct Curl_easy *data = conn->data;
#ifdef HAVE_GSSAPI
  char * const buf = data->state.buffer;
#endif
  int code;
  CURLcode result = Curl_pp_readresp(sockfd, pp, &code, size);

#if defined(HAVE_GSSAPI)
  /* handle the security-oriented responses 6xx ***/
  switch(code) {
  case 631:
    code = Curl_sec_read_msg(conn, buf, PROT_SAFE);
    break;
  case 632:
    code = Curl_sec_read_msg(conn, buf, PROT_PRIVATE);
    break;
  case 633:
    code = Curl_sec_read_msg(conn, buf, PROT_CONFIDENTIAL);
    break;
  default:
    /* normal ftp stuff we pass through! */
    break;
  }
#endif

  /* store the latest code for later retrieval */
  data->info.httpcode = code;

  if(ftpcode)
    *ftpcode = code;

  if(421 == code) {
    /* 421 means "Service not available, closing control connection." and FTP
     * servers use it to signal that idle session timeout has been exceeded.
     * If we ignored the response, it could end up hanging in some cases.
     *
     * This response code can come at any point so having it treated
     * generically is a good idea.
     */
    infof(data, "We got a 421 - timeout!\n");
    state(conn, FTP_STOP);
    return CURLE_OPERATION_TIMEDOUT;
  }

  return result;
}

/* --- parse FTP server responses --- */

/*
 * Curl_GetFTPResponse() is a BLOCKING function to read the full response
 * from a server after a command.
 *
 */

CURLcode Curl_GetFTPResponse(ssize_t *nreadp, /* return number of bytes read */
                             struct connectdata *conn,
                             int *ftpcode) /* return the ftp-code */
{
  /*
   * We cannot read just one byte per read() and then go back to select() as
   * the OpenSSL read() doesn't grok that properly.
   *
   * Alas, read as much as possible, split up into lines, use the ending
   * line in a response or continue reading.  */

  curl_socket_t sockfd = conn->sock[FIRSTSOCKET];
  struct Curl_easy *data = conn->data;
  CURLcode result = CURLE_OK;
  struct ftp_conn *ftpc = &conn->proto.ftpc;
  struct pingpong *pp = &ftpc->pp;
  size_t nread;
  int cache_skip = 0;
  int value_to_be_ignored = 0;

  if(ftpcode)
    *ftpcode = 0; /* 0 for errors */
  else
    /* make the pointer point to something for the rest of this function */
    ftpcode = &value_to_be_ignored;

  *nreadp = 0;

  while(!*ftpcode && !result) {
    /* check and reset timeout value every lap */
    time_t timeout = Curl_pp_state_timeout(pp, FALSE);
    time_t interval_ms;

    if(timeout <= 0) {
      failf(data, "FTP response timeout");
      return CURLE_OPERATION_TIMEDOUT; /* already too little time */
    }

    interval_ms = 1000;  /* use 1 second timeout intervals */
    if(timeout < interval_ms)
      interval_ms = timeout;

    /*
     * Since this function is blocking, we need to wait here for input on the
     * connection and only then we call the response reading function. We do
     * timeout at least every second to make the timeout check run.
     *
     * A caution here is that the ftp_readresp() function has a cache that may
     * contain pieces of a response from the previous invoke and we need to
     * make sure we don't just wait for input while there is unhandled data in
     * that cache. But also, if the cache is there, we call ftp_readresp() and
     * the cache wasn't good enough to continue we must not just busy-loop
     * around this function.
     *
     */

    if(pp->cache && (cache_skip < 2)) {
      /*
       * There's a cache left since before. We then skipping the wait for
       * socket action, unless this is the same cache like the previous round
       * as then the cache was deemed not enough to act on and we then need to
       * wait for more data anyway.
       */
    }
    else if(!Curl_conn_data_pending(conn, FIRSTSOCKET)) {
      switch(SOCKET_READABLE(sockfd, interval_ms)) {
      case -1: /* select() error, stop reading */
        failf(data, "FTP response aborted due to select/poll error: %d",
              SOCKERRNO);
        return CURLE_RECV_ERROR;

      case 0: /* timeout */
        if(Curl_pgrsUpdate(conn))
          return CURLE_ABORTED_BY_CALLBACK;
        continue; /* just continue in our loop for the timeout duration */

      default: /* for clarity */
        break;
      }
    }
    result = ftp_readresp(sockfd, pp, ftpcode, &nread);
    if(result)
      break;

    if(!nread && pp->cache)
      /* bump cache skip counter as on repeated skips we must wait for more
         data */
      cache_skip++;
    else
      /* when we got data or there is no cache left, we reset the cache skip
         counter */
      cache_skip = 0;

    *nreadp += nread;

  } /* while there's buffer left and loop is requested */

  pp->pending_resp = FALSE;

  return result;
}

#if defined(DEBUGBUILD) && !defined(CURL_DISABLE_VERBOSE_STRINGS)
  /* for debug purposes */
static const char * const ftp_state_names[]={
  "STOP",
  "WAIT220",
  "AUTH",
  "USER",
  "PASS",
  "ACCT",
  "PBSZ",
  "PROT",
  "CCC",
  "PWD",
  "SYST",
  "NAMEFMT",
  "QUOTE",
  "RETR_PREQUOTE",
  "STOR_PREQUOTE",
  "POSTQUOTE",
  "CWD",
  "MKD",
  "MDTM",
  "TYPE",
  "LIST_TYPE",
  "RETR_TYPE",
  "STOR_TYPE",
  "SIZE",
  "RETR_SIZE",
  "STOR_SIZE",
  "REST",
  "RETR_REST",
  "PORT",
  "PRET",
  "PASV",
  "LIST",
  "RETR",
  "STOR",
  "QUIT"
};
#endif

/* This is the ONLY way to change FTP state! */
static void _state(struct connectdata *conn,
                   ftpstate newstate
#ifdef DEBUGBUILD
                   , int lineno
#endif
  )
{
  struct ftp_conn *ftpc = &conn->proto.ftpc;

#if defined(DEBUGBUILD)

#if defined(CURL_DISABLE_VERBOSE_STRINGS)
  (void) lineno;
#else
  if(ftpc->state != newstate)
    infof(conn->data, "FTP %p (line %d) state change from %s to %s\n",
          (void *)ftpc, lineno, ftp_state_names[ftpc->state],
          ftp_state_names[newstate]);
#endif
#endif

  ftpc->state = newstate;
}

static CURLcode ftp_state_user(struct connectdata *conn)
{
  CURLcode result;
  struct FTP *ftp = conn->data->req.protop;
  /* send USER */
  PPSENDF(&conn->proto.ftpc.pp, "USER %s", ftp->user?ftp->user:"");

  state(conn, FTP_USER);
  conn->data->state.ftp_trying_alternative = FALSE;

  return CURLE_OK;
}

static CURLcode ftp_state_pwd(struct connectdata *conn)
{
  CURLcode result;

  /* send PWD to discover our entry point */
  PPSENDF(&conn->proto.ftpc.pp, "%s", "PWD");
  state(conn, FTP_PWD);

  return CURLE_OK;
}

/* For the FTP "protocol connect" and "doing" phases only */
static int ftp_getsock(struct connectdata *conn,
                       curl_socket_t *socks)
{
  return Curl_pp_getsock(&conn->proto.ftpc.pp, socks);
}

/* For the FTP "DO_MORE" phase only */
static int ftp_domore_getsock(struct connectdata *conn, curl_socket_t *socks)
{
  struct ftp_conn *ftpc = &conn->proto.ftpc;

  /* When in DO_MORE state, we could be either waiting for us to connect to a
   * remote site, or we could wait for that site to connect to us. Or just
   * handle ordinary commands.
   */

  if(FTP_STOP == ftpc->state) {
    int bits = GETSOCK_READSOCK(0);

    /* if stopped and still in this state, then we're also waiting for a
       connect on the secondary connection */
    socks[0] = conn->sock[FIRSTSOCKET];

    if(!conn->data->set.ftp_use_port) {
      int s;
      int i;
      /* PORT is used to tell the server to connect to us, and during that we
         don't do happy eyeballs, but we do if we connect to the server */
      for(s = 1, i = 0; i<2; i++) {
        if(conn->tempsock[i] != CURL_SOCKET_BAD) {
          socks[s] = conn->tempsock[i];
          bits |= GETSOCK_WRITESOCK(s++);
        }
      }
    }
    else {
      socks[1] = conn->sock[SECONDARYSOCKET];
      bits |= GETSOCK_WRITESOCK(1) | GETSOCK_READSOCK(1);
    }

    return bits;
  }
  return Curl_pp_getsock(&conn->proto.ftpc.pp, socks);
}

/* This is called after the FTP_QUOTE state is passed.

   ftp_state_cwd() sends the range of CWD commands to the server to change to
   the correct directory. It may also need to send MKD commands to create
   missing ones, if that option is enabled.
*/
static CURLcode ftp_state_cwd(struct connectdata *conn)
{
  CURLcode result = CURLE_OK;
  struct ftp_conn *ftpc = &conn->proto.ftpc;

  if(ftpc->cwddone)
    /* already done and fine */
    result = ftp_state_mdtm(conn);
  else {
    /* FTPFILE_NOCWD with full path: expect ftpc->cwddone! */
    DEBUGASSERT((conn->data->set.ftp_filemethod != FTPFILE_NOCWD) ||
                !(ftpc->dirdepth && ftpc->dirs[0][0] == '/'));

    ftpc->count2 = 0; /* count2 counts failed CWDs */

    /* count3 is set to allow a MKD to fail once. In the case when first CWD
       fails and then MKD fails (due to another session raced it to create the
       dir) this then allows for a second try to CWD to it */
    ftpc->count3 = (conn->data->set.ftp_create_missing_dirs == 2)?1:0;

    if(conn->bits.reuse && ftpc->entrypath &&
       /* no need to go to entrypath when we have an absolute path */
       !(ftpc->dirdepth && ftpc->dirs[0][0] == '/')) {
      /* This is a re-used connection. Since we change directory to where the
         transfer is taking place, we must first get back to the original dir
         where we ended up after login: */
      ftpc->cwdcount = 0; /* we count this as the first path, then we add one
                             for all upcoming ones in the ftp->dirs[] array */
      PPSENDF(&conn->proto.ftpc.pp, "CWD %s", ftpc->entrypath);
      state(conn, FTP_CWD);
    }
    else {
      if(ftpc->dirdepth) {
        ftpc->cwdcount = 1;
        /* issue the first CWD, the rest is sent when the CWD responses are
           received... */
        PPSENDF(&conn->proto.ftpc.pp, "CWD %s", ftpc->dirs[ftpc->cwdcount -1]);
        state(conn, FTP_CWD);
      }
      else {
        /* No CWD necessary */
        result = ftp_state_mdtm(conn);
      }
    }
  }
  return result;
}

typedef enum {
  EPRT,
  PORT,
  DONE
} ftpport;

static CURLcode ftp_state_use_port(struct connectdata *conn,
                                   ftpport fcmd) /* start with this */

{
  CURLcode result = CURLE_OK;
  struct ftp_conn *ftpc = &conn->proto.ftpc;
  struct Curl_easy *data = conn->data;
  curl_socket_t portsock = CURL_SOCKET_BAD;
  char myhost[MAX_IPADR_LEN + 1] = "";

  struct Curl_sockaddr_storage ss;
  Curl_addrinfo *res, *ai;
  curl_socklen_t sslen;
  char hbuf[NI_MAXHOST];
  struct sockaddr *sa = (struct sockaddr *)&ss;
  struct sockaddr_in * const sa4 = (void *)sa;
#ifdef ENABLE_IPV6
  struct sockaddr_in6 * const sa6 = (void *)sa;
#endif
  static const char mode[][5] = { "EPRT", "PORT" };
  int rc;
  int error;
  char *host = NULL;
  char *string_ftpport = data->set.str[STRING_FTPPORT];
  struct Curl_dns_entry *h = NULL;
  unsigned short port_min = 0;
  unsigned short port_max = 0;
  unsigned short port;
  bool possibly_non_local = TRUE;
  char buffer[STRERROR_LEN];
  char *addr = NULL;

  /* Step 1, figure out what is requested,
   * accepted format :
   * (ipv4|ipv6|domain|interface)?(:port(-range)?)?
   */

  if(data->set.str[STRING_FTPPORT] &&
     (strlen(data->set.str[STRING_FTPPORT]) > 1)) {

#ifdef ENABLE_IPV6
    size_t addrlen = INET6_ADDRSTRLEN > strlen(string_ftpport) ?
      INET6_ADDRSTRLEN : strlen(string_ftpport);
#else
    size_t addrlen = INET_ADDRSTRLEN > strlen(string_ftpport) ?
      INET_ADDRSTRLEN : strlen(string_ftpport);
#endif
    char *ip_start = string_ftpport;
    char *ip_end = NULL;
    char *port_start = NULL;
    char *port_sep = NULL;

    addr = calloc(addrlen + 1, 1);
    if(!addr)
      return CURLE_OUT_OF_MEMORY;

#ifdef ENABLE_IPV6
    if(*string_ftpport == '[') {
      /* [ipv6]:port(-range) */
      ip_start = string_ftpport + 1;
      ip_end = strchr(string_ftpport, ']');
      if(ip_end)
        strncpy(addr, ip_start, ip_end - ip_start);
    }
    else
#endif
      if(*string_ftpport == ':') {
        /* :port */
        ip_end = string_ftpport;
      }
      else {
        ip_end = strchr(string_ftpport, ':');
        if(ip_end) {
          /* either ipv6 or (ipv4|domain|interface):port(-range) */
#ifdef ENABLE_IPV6
          if(Curl_inet_pton(AF_INET6, string_ftpport, sa6) == 1) {
            /* ipv6 */
            port_min = port_max = 0;
            strcpy(addr, string_ftpport);
            ip_end = NULL; /* this got no port ! */
          }
          else
#endif
            /* (ipv4|domain|interface):port(-range) */
            strncpy(addr, string_ftpport, ip_end - ip_start);
        }
        else
          /* ipv4|interface */
          strcpy(addr, string_ftpport);
      }

    /* parse the port */
    if(ip_end != NULL) {
      port_start = strchr(ip_end, ':');
      if(port_start) {
        port_min = curlx_ultous(strtoul(port_start + 1, NULL, 10));
        port_sep = strchr(port_start, '-');
        if(port_sep) {
          port_max = curlx_ultous(strtoul(port_sep + 1, NULL, 10));
        }
        else
          port_max = port_min;
      }
    }

    /* correct errors like:
     *  :1234-1230
     *  :-4711,  in this case port_min is (unsigned)-1,
     *           therefore port_min > port_max for all cases
     *           but port_max = (unsigned)-1
     */
    if(port_min > port_max)
      port_min = port_max = 0;


    if(*addr != '\0') {
      /* attempt to get the address of the given interface name */
      switch(Curl_if2ip(conn->ip_addr->ai_family,
                        Curl_ipv6_scope(conn->ip_addr->ai_addr),
                        conn->scope_id, addr, hbuf, sizeof(hbuf))) {
        case IF2IP_NOT_FOUND:
          /* not an interface, use the given string as host name instead */
          host = addr;
          break;
        case IF2IP_AF_NOT_SUPPORTED:
          return CURLE_FTP_PORT_FAILED;
        case IF2IP_FOUND:
          host = hbuf; /* use the hbuf for host name */
      }
    }
    else
      /* there was only a port(-range) given, default the host */
      host = NULL;
  } /* data->set.ftpport */

  if(!host) {
    /* not an interface and not a host name, get default by extracting
       the IP from the control connection */
    sslen = sizeof(ss);
    if(getsockname(conn->sock[FIRSTSOCKET], sa, &sslen)) {
      failf(data, "getsockname() failed: %s",
            Curl_strerror(SOCKERRNO, buffer, sizeof(buffer)));
      free(addr);
      return CURLE_FTP_PORT_FAILED;
    }
    switch(sa->sa_family) {
#ifdef ENABLE_IPV6
    case AF_INET6:
      Curl_inet_ntop(sa->sa_family, &sa6->sin6_addr, hbuf, sizeof(hbuf));
      break;
#endif
    default:
      Curl_inet_ntop(sa->sa_family, &sa4->sin_addr, hbuf, sizeof(hbuf));
      break;
    }
    host = hbuf; /* use this host name */
    possibly_non_local = FALSE; /* we know it is local now */
  }

  /* resolv ip/host to ip */
  rc = Curl_resolv(conn, host, 0, FALSE, &h);
  if(rc == CURLRESOLV_PENDING)
    (void)Curl_resolver_wait_resolv(conn, &h);
  if(h) {
    res = h->addr;
    /* when we return from this function, we can forget about this entry
       to we can unlock it now already */
    Curl_resolv_unlock(data, h);
  } /* (h) */
  else
    res = NULL; /* failure! */

  if(res == NULL) {
    failf(data, "failed to resolve the address provided to PORT: %s", host);
    free(addr);
    return CURLE_FTP_PORT_FAILED;
  }

  free(addr);
  host = NULL;

  /* step 2, create a socket for the requested address */

  portsock = CURL_SOCKET_BAD;
  error = 0;
  for(ai = res; ai; ai = ai->ai_next) {
    result = Curl_socket(conn, ai, NULL, &portsock);
    if(result) {
      error = SOCKERRNO;
      continue;
    }
    break;
  }
  if(!ai) {
    failf(data, "socket failure: %s",
          Curl_strerror(error, buffer, sizeof(buffer)));
    return CURLE_FTP_PORT_FAILED;
  }

  /* step 3, bind to a suitable local address */

  memcpy(sa, ai->ai_addr, ai->ai_addrlen);
  sslen = ai->ai_addrlen;

  for(port = port_min; port <= port_max;) {
    if(sa->sa_family == AF_INET)
      sa4->sin_port = htons(port);
#ifdef ENABLE_IPV6
    else
      sa6->sin6_port = htons(port);
#endif
    /* Try binding the given address. */
    if(bind(portsock, sa, sslen) ) {
      /* It failed. */
      error = SOCKERRNO;
      if(possibly_non_local && (error == EADDRNOTAVAIL)) {
        /* The requested bind address is not local.  Use the address used for
         * the control connection instead and restart the port loop
         */
        infof(data, "bind(port=%hu) on non-local address failed: %s\n", port,
              Curl_strerror(error, buffer, sizeof(buffer)));

        sslen = sizeof(ss);
        if(getsockname(conn->sock[FIRSTSOCKET], sa, &sslen)) {
          failf(data, "getsockname() failed: %s",
                Curl_strerror(SOCKERRNO, buffer, sizeof(buffer)));
          Curl_closesocket(conn, portsock);
          return CURLE_FTP_PORT_FAILED;
        }
        port = port_min;
        possibly_non_local = FALSE; /* don't try this again */
        continue;
      }
      if(error != EADDRINUSE && error != EACCES) {
        failf(data, "bind(port=%hu) failed: %s", port,
              Curl_strerror(error, buffer, sizeof(buffer)));
        Curl_closesocket(conn, portsock);
        return CURLE_FTP_PORT_FAILED;
      }
    }
    else
      break;

    port++;
  }

  /* maybe all ports were in use already*/
  if(port > port_max) {
    failf(data, "bind() failed, we ran out of ports!");
    Curl_closesocket(conn, portsock);
    return CURLE_FTP_PORT_FAILED;
  }

  /* get the name again after the bind() so that we can extract the
     port number it uses now */
  sslen = sizeof(ss);
  if(getsockname(portsock, (struct sockaddr *)sa, &sslen)) {
    failf(data, "getsockname() failed: %s",
          Curl_strerror(SOCKERRNO, buffer, sizeof(buffer)));
    Curl_closesocket(conn, portsock);
    return CURLE_FTP_PORT_FAILED;
  }

  /* step 4, listen on the socket */

  if(listen(portsock, 1)) {
    failf(data, "socket failure: %s",
          Curl_strerror(SOCKERRNO, buffer, sizeof(buffer)));
    Curl_closesocket(conn, portsock);
    return CURLE_FTP_PORT_FAILED;
  }

  /* step 5, send the proper FTP command */

  /* get a plain printable version of the numerical address to work with
     below */
  Curl_printable_address(ai, myhost, sizeof(myhost));

#ifdef ENABLE_IPV6
  if(!conn->bits.ftp_use_eprt && conn->bits.ipv6)
    /* EPRT is disabled but we are connected to a IPv6 host, so we ignore the
       request and enable EPRT again! */
    conn->bits.ftp_use_eprt = TRUE;
#endif

  for(; fcmd != DONE; fcmd++) {

    if(!conn->bits.ftp_use_eprt && (EPRT == fcmd))
      /* if disabled, goto next */
      continue;

    if((PORT == fcmd) && sa->sa_family != AF_INET)
      /* PORT is IPv4 only */
      continue;

    switch(sa->sa_family) {
    case AF_INET:
      port = ntohs(sa4->sin_port);
      break;
#ifdef ENABLE_IPV6
    case AF_INET6:
      port = ntohs(sa6->sin6_port);
      break;
#endif
    default:
      continue; /* might as well skip this */
    }

    if(EPRT == fcmd) {
      /*
       * Two fine examples from RFC2428;
       *
       * EPRT |1|132.235.1.2|6275|
       *
       * EPRT |2|1080::8:800:200C:417A|5282|
       */

      result = Curl_pp_sendf(&ftpc->pp, "%s |%d|%s|%hu|", mode[fcmd],
                             sa->sa_family == AF_INET?1:2,
                             myhost, port);
      if(result) {
        failf(data, "Failure sending EPRT command: %s",
              curl_easy_strerror(result));
        Curl_closesocket(conn, portsock);
        /* don't retry using PORT */
        ftpc->count1 = PORT;
        /* bail out */
        state(conn, FTP_STOP);
        return result;
      }
      break;
    }
    if(PORT == fcmd) {
      /* large enough for [IP address],[num],[num] */
      char target[sizeof(myhost) + 20];
      char *source = myhost;
      char *dest = target;

      /* translate x.x.x.x to x,x,x,x */
      while(source && *source) {
        if(*source == '.')
          *dest = ',';
        else
          *dest = *source;
        dest++;
        source++;
      }
      *dest = 0;
      msnprintf(dest, 20, ",%d,%d", (int)(port>>8), (int)(port&0xff));

      result = Curl_pp_sendf(&ftpc->pp, "%s %s", mode[fcmd], target);
      if(result) {
        failf(data, "Failure sending PORT command: %s",
              curl_easy_strerror(result));
        Curl_closesocket(conn, portsock);
        /* bail out */
        state(conn, FTP_STOP);
        return result;
      }
      break;
    }
  }

  /* store which command was sent */
  ftpc->count1 = fcmd;

  close_secondarysocket(conn);

  /* we set the secondary socket variable to this for now, it is only so that
     the cleanup function will close it in case we fail before the true
     secondary stuff is made */
  conn->sock[SECONDARYSOCKET] = portsock;

  /* this tcpconnect assignment below is a hackish work-around to make the
     multi interface with active FTP work - as it will not wait for a
     (passive) connect in Curl_is_connected().

     The *proper* fix is to make sure that the active connection from the
     server is done in a non-blocking way. Currently, it is still BLOCKING.
  */
  conn->bits.tcpconnect[SECONDARYSOCKET] = TRUE;

  state(conn, FTP_PORT);
  return result;
}

static CURLcode ftp_state_use_pasv(struct connectdata *conn)
{
  struct ftp_conn *ftpc = &conn->proto.ftpc;
  CURLcode result = CURLE_OK;
  /*
    Here's the excecutive summary on what to do:

    PASV is RFC959, expect:
    227 Entering Passive Mode (a1,a2,a3,a4,p1,p2)

    LPSV is RFC1639, expect:
    228 Entering Long Passive Mode (4,4,a1,a2,a3,a4,2,p1,p2)

    EPSV is RFC2428, expect:
    229 Entering Extended Passive Mode (|||port|)

  */

  static const char mode[][5] = { "EPSV", "PASV" };
  int modeoff;

#ifdef PF_INET6
  if(!conn->bits.ftp_use_epsv && conn->bits.ipv6)
    /* EPSV is disabled but we are connected to a IPv6 host, so we ignore the
       request and enable EPSV again! */
    conn->bits.ftp_use_epsv = TRUE;
#endif

  modeoff = conn->bits.ftp_use_epsv?0:1;

  PPSENDF(&ftpc->pp, "%s", mode[modeoff]);

  ftpc->count1 = modeoff;
  state(conn, FTP_PASV);
  infof(conn->data, "Connect data stream passively\n");

  return result;
}

/*
 * ftp_state_prepare_transfer() starts PORT, PASV or PRET etc.
 *
 * REST is the last command in the chain of commands when a "head"-like
 * request is made. Thus, if an actual transfer is to be made this is where we
 * take off for real.
 */
static CURLcode ftp_state_prepare_transfer(struct connectdata *conn)
{
  CURLcode result = CURLE_OK;
  struct FTP *ftp = conn->data->req.protop;
  struct Curl_easy *data = conn->data;

  if(ftp->transfer != FTPTRANSFER_BODY) {
    /* doesn't transfer any data */

    /* still possibly do PRE QUOTE jobs */
    state(conn, FTP_RETR_PREQUOTE);
    result = ftp_state_quote(conn, TRUE, FTP_RETR_PREQUOTE);
  }
  else if(data->set.ftp_use_port) {
    /* We have chosen to use the PORT (or similar) command */
    result = ftp_state_use_port(conn, EPRT);
  }
  else {
    /* We have chosen (this is default) to use the PASV (or similar) command */
    if(data->set.ftp_use_pret) {
      /* The user has requested that we send a PRET command
         to prepare the server for the upcoming PASV */
      if(!conn->proto.ftpc.file) {
        PPSENDF(&conn->proto.ftpc.pp, "PRET %s",
                data->set.str[STRING_CUSTOMREQUEST]?
                data->set.str[STRING_CUSTOMREQUEST]:
                (data->set.ftp_list_only?"NLST":"LIST"));
      }
      else if(data->set.upload) {
        PPSENDF(&conn->proto.ftpc.pp, "PRET STOR %s", conn->proto.ftpc.file);
      }
      else {
        PPSENDF(&conn->proto.ftpc.pp, "PRET RETR %s", conn->proto.ftpc.file);
      }
      state(conn, FTP_PRET);
    }
    else {
      result = ftp_state_use_pasv(conn);
    }
  }
  return result;
}

static CURLcode ftp_state_rest(struct connectdata *conn)
{
  CURLcode result = CURLE_OK;
  struct FTP *ftp = conn->data->req.protop;
  struct ftp_conn *ftpc = &conn->proto.ftpc;

  if((ftp->transfer != FTPTRANSFER_BODY) && ftpc->file) {
    /* if a "head"-like request is being made (on a file) */

    /* Determine if server can respond to REST command and therefore
       whether it supports range */
    PPSENDF(&conn->proto.ftpc.pp, "REST %d", 0);

    state(conn, FTP_REST);
  }
  else
    result = ftp_state_prepare_transfer(conn);

  return result;
}

static CURLcode ftp_state_size(struct connectdata *conn)
{
  CURLcode result = CURLE_OK;
  struct FTP *ftp = conn->data->req.protop;
  struct ftp_conn *ftpc = &conn->proto.ftpc;

  if((ftp->transfer == FTPTRANSFER_INFO) && ftpc->file) {
    /* if a "head"-like request is being made (on a file) */

    /* we know ftpc->file is a valid pointer to a file name */
    PPSENDF(&ftpc->pp, "SIZE %s", ftpc->file);

    state(conn, FTP_SIZE);
  }
  else
    result = ftp_state_rest(conn);

  return result;
}

static CURLcode ftp_state_list(struct connectdata *conn)
{
  CURLcode result = CURLE_OK;
  struct Curl_easy *data = conn->data;
  struct FTP *ftp = data->req.protop;

  /* If this output is to be machine-parsed, the NLST command might be better
     to use, since the LIST command output is not specified or standard in any
     way. It has turned out that the NLST list output is not the same on all
     servers either... */

  /*
     if FTPFILE_NOCWD was specified, we should add the path
     as argument for the LIST / NLST / or custom command.
     Whether the server will support this, is uncertain.

     The other ftp_filemethods will CWD into dir/dir/ first and
     then just do LIST (in that case: nothing to do here)
  */
  char *lstArg = NULL;
  char *cmd;

  if((data->set.ftp_filemethod == FTPFILE_NOCWD) && ftp->path) {
    /* url-decode before evaluation: e.g. paths starting/ending with %2f */
    const char *slashPos = NULL;
    char *rawPath = NULL;
    result = Curl_urldecode(data, ftp->path, 0, &rawPath, NULL, TRUE);
    if(result)
      return result;

    slashPos = strrchr(rawPath, '/');
    if(slashPos) {
      /* chop off the file part if format is dir/file otherwise remove
         the trailing slash for dir/dir/ except for absolute path / */
      size_t n = slashPos - rawPath;
      if(n == 0)
        ++n;

      lstArg = rawPath;
      lstArg[n] = '\0';
    }
    else
      free(rawPath);
  }

  cmd = aprintf("%s%s%s",
                data->set.str[STRING_CUSTOMREQUEST]?
                data->set.str[STRING_CUSTOMREQUEST]:
                (data->set.ftp_list_only?"NLST":"LIST"),
                lstArg? " ": "",
                lstArg? lstArg: "");
  free(lstArg);

  if(!cmd)
    return CURLE_OUT_OF_MEMORY;

  result = Curl_pp_sendf(&conn->proto.ftpc.pp, "%s", cmd);
  free(cmd);

  if(result)
    return result;

  state(conn, FTP_LIST);

  return result;
}

static CURLcode ftp_state_retr_prequote(struct connectdata *conn)
{
  /* We've sent the TYPE, now we must send the list of prequote strings */
  return ftp_state_quote(conn, TRUE, FTP_RETR_PREQUOTE);
}

static CURLcode ftp_state_stor_prequote(struct connectdata *conn)
{
  /* We've sent the TYPE, now we must send the list of prequote strings */
  return ftp_state_quote(conn, TRUE, FTP_STOR_PREQUOTE);
}

static CURLcode ftp_state_type(struct connectdata *conn)
{
  CURLcode result = CURLE_OK;
  struct FTP *ftp = conn->data->req.protop;
  struct Curl_easy *data = conn->data;
  struct ftp_conn *ftpc = &conn->proto.ftpc;

  /* If we have selected NOBODY and HEADER, it means that we only want file
     information. Which in FTP can't be much more than the file size and
     date. */
  if(data->set.opt_no_body && ftpc->file &&
     ftp_need_type(conn, data->set.prefer_ascii)) {
    /* The SIZE command is _not_ RFC 959 specified, and therefore many servers
       may not support it! It is however the only way we have to get a file's
       size! */

    ftp->transfer = FTPTRANSFER_INFO;
    /* this means no actual transfer will be made */

    /* Some servers return different sizes for different modes, and thus we
       must set the proper type before we check the size */
    result = ftp_nb_type(conn, data->set.prefer_ascii, FTP_TYPE);
    if(result)
      return result;
  }
  else
    result = ftp_state_size(conn);

  return result;
}

/* This is called after the CWD commands have been done in the beginning of
   the DO phase */
static CURLcode ftp_state_mdtm(struct connectdata *conn)
{
  CURLcode result = CURLE_OK;
  struct Curl_easy *data = conn->data;
  struct ftp_conn *ftpc = &conn->proto.ftpc;

  /* Requested time of file or time-depended transfer? */
  if((data->set.get_filetime || data->set.timecondition) && ftpc->file) {

    /* we have requested to get the modified-time of the file, this is a white
       spot as the MDTM is not mentioned in RFC959 */
    PPSENDF(&ftpc->pp, "MDTM %s", ftpc->file);

    state(conn, FTP_MDTM);
  }
  else
    result = ftp_state_type(conn);

  return result;
}


/* This is called after the TYPE and possible quote commands have been sent */
static CURLcode ftp_state_ul_setup(struct connectdata *conn,
                                   bool sizechecked)
{
  CURLcode result = CURLE_OK;
  struct FTP *ftp = conn->data->req.protop;
  struct Curl_easy *data = conn->data;
  struct ftp_conn *ftpc = &conn->proto.ftpc;

  if((data->state.resume_from && !sizechecked) ||
     ((data->state.resume_from > 0) && sizechecked)) {
    /* we're about to continue the uploading of a file */
    /* 1. get already existing file's size. We use the SIZE command for this
       which may not exist in the server!  The SIZE command is not in
       RFC959. */

    /* 2. This used to set REST. But since we can do append, we
       don't another ftp command. We just skip the source file
       offset and then we APPEND the rest on the file instead */

    /* 3. pass file-size number of bytes in the source file */
    /* 4. lower the infilesize counter */
    /* => transfer as usual */
    int seekerr = CURL_SEEKFUNC_OK;

    if(data->state.resume_from < 0) {
      /* Got no given size to start from, figure it out */
      PPSENDF(&ftpc->pp, "SIZE %s", ftpc->file);
      state(conn, FTP_STOR_SIZE);
      return result;
    }

    /* enable append */
    data->set.ftp_append = TRUE;

    /* Let's read off the proper amount of bytes from the input. */
    if(conn->seek_func) {
      Curl_set_in_callback(data, true);
      seekerr = conn->seek_func(conn->seek_client, data->state.resume_from,
                                SEEK_SET);
      Curl_set_in_callback(data, false);
    }

    if(seekerr != CURL_SEEKFUNC_OK) {
      curl_off_t passed = 0;
      if(seekerr != CURL_SEEKFUNC_CANTSEEK) {
        failf(data, "Could not seek stream");
        return CURLE_FTP_COULDNT_USE_REST;
      }
      /* seekerr == CURL_SEEKFUNC_CANTSEEK (can't seek to offset) */
      do {
        size_t readthisamountnow =
          (data->state.resume_from - passed > data->set.buffer_size) ?
          (size_t)data->set.buffer_size :
          curlx_sotouz(data->state.resume_from - passed);

        size_t actuallyread =
          data->state.fread_func(data->state.buffer, 1, readthisamountnow,
                                 data->state.in);

        passed += actuallyread;
        if((actuallyread == 0) || (actuallyread > readthisamountnow)) {
          /* this checks for greater-than only to make sure that the
             CURL_READFUNC_ABORT return code still aborts */
          failf(data, "Failed to read data");
          return CURLE_FTP_COULDNT_USE_REST;
        }
      } while(passed < data->state.resume_from);
    }
    /* now, decrease the size of the read */
    if(data->state.infilesize>0) {
      data->state.infilesize -= data->state.resume_from;

      if(data->state.infilesize <= 0) {
        infof(data, "File already completely uploaded\n");

        /* no data to transfer */
        Curl_setup_transfer(data, -1, -1, FALSE, -1);

        /* Set ->transfer so that we won't get any error in
         * ftp_done() because we didn't transfer anything! */
        ftp->transfer = FTPTRANSFER_NONE;

        state(conn, FTP_STOP);
        return CURLE_OK;
      }
    }
    /* we've passed, proceed as normal */
  } /* resume_from */

  PPSENDF(&ftpc->pp, data->set.ftp_append?"APPE %s":"STOR %s",
          ftpc->file);

  state(conn, FTP_STOR);

  return result;
}

static CURLcode ftp_state_quote(struct connectdata *conn,
                                bool init,
                                ftpstate instate)
{
  CURLcode result = CURLE_OK;
  struct Curl_easy *data = conn->data;
  struct FTP *ftp = data->req.protop;
  struct ftp_conn *ftpc = &conn->proto.ftpc;
  bool quote = FALSE;
  struct curl_slist *item;

  switch(instate) {
  case FTP_QUOTE:
  default:
    item = data->set.quote;
    break;
  case FTP_RETR_PREQUOTE:
  case FTP_STOR_PREQUOTE:
    item = data->set.prequote;
    break;
  case FTP_POSTQUOTE:
    item = data->set.postquote;
    break;
  }

  /*
   * This state uses:
   * 'count1' to iterate over the commands to send
   * 'count2' to store whether to allow commands to fail
   */

  if(init)
    ftpc->count1 = 0;
  else
    ftpc->count1++;

  if(item) {
    int i = 0;

    /* Skip count1 items in the linked list */
    while((i< ftpc->count1) && item) {
      item = item->next;
      i++;
    }
    if(item) {
      char *cmd = item->data;
      if(cmd[0] == '*') {
        cmd++;
        ftpc->count2 = 1; /* the sent command is allowed to fail */
      }
      else
        ftpc->count2 = 0; /* failure means cancel operation */

      PPSENDF(&ftpc->pp, "%s", cmd);
      state(conn, instate);
      quote = TRUE;
    }
  }

  if(!quote) {
    /* No more quote to send, continue to ... */
    switch(instate) {
    case FTP_QUOTE:
    default:
      result = ftp_state_cwd(conn);
      break;
    case FTP_RETR_PREQUOTE:
      if(ftp->transfer != FTPTRANSFER_BODY)
        state(conn, FTP_STOP);
      else {
        if(ftpc->known_filesize != -1) {
          Curl_pgrsSetDownloadSize(data, ftpc->known_filesize);
          result = ftp_state_retr(conn, ftpc->known_filesize);
        }
        else {
          if(data->set.ignorecl) {
            /* This code is to support download of growing files.  It prevents
               the state machine from requesting the file size from the
               server.  With an unknown file size the download continues until
               the server terminates it, otherwise the client stops if the
               received byte count exceeds the reported file size.  Set option
               CURLOPT_IGNORE_CONTENT_LENGTH to 1 to enable this behavior.*/
            PPSENDF(&ftpc->pp, "RETR %s", ftpc->file);
            state(conn, FTP_RETR);
          }
          else {
            PPSENDF(&ftpc->pp, "SIZE %s", ftpc->file);
            state(conn, FTP_RETR_SIZE);
          }
        }
      }
      break;
    case FTP_STOR_PREQUOTE:
      result = ftp_state_ul_setup(conn, FALSE);
      break;
    case FTP_POSTQUOTE:
      break;
    }
  }

  return result;
}

/* called from ftp_state_pasv_resp to switch to PASV in case of EPSV
   problems */
static CURLcode ftp_epsv_disable(struct connectdata *conn)
{
  CURLcode result = CURLE_OK;

  if(conn->bits.ipv6 && !(conn->bits.tunnel_proxy || conn->bits.socksproxy)) {
    /* We can't disable EPSV when doing IPv6, so this is instead a fail */
    failf(conn->data, "Failed EPSV attempt, exiting\n");
    return CURLE_WEIRD_SERVER_REPLY;
  }

  infof(conn->data, "Failed EPSV attempt. Disabling EPSV\n");
  /* disable it for next transfer */
  conn->bits.ftp_use_epsv = FALSE;
  conn->data->state.errorbuf = FALSE; /* allow error message to get
                                         rewritten */
  PPSENDF(&conn->proto.ftpc.pp, "%s", "PASV");
  conn->proto.ftpc.count1++;
  /* remain in/go to the FTP_PASV state */
  state(conn, FTP_PASV);
  return result;
}


static char *control_address(struct connectdata *conn)
{
  /* Returns the control connection IP address.
     If a proxy tunnel is used, returns the original host name instead, because
     the effective control connection address is the proxy address,
     not the ftp host. */
  if(conn->bits.tunnel_proxy || conn->bits.socksproxy)
    return conn->host.name;

  return conn->ip_addr_str;
}

static CURLcode ftp_state_pasv_resp(struct connectdata *conn,
                                    int ftpcode)
{
  struct ftp_conn *ftpc = &conn->proto.ftpc;
  CURLcode result;
  struct Curl_easy *data = conn->data;
  struct Curl_dns_entry *addr = NULL;
  int rc;
  unsigned short connectport; /* the local port connect() should use! */
  char *str = &data->state.buffer[4];  /* start on the first letter */

  /* if we come here again, make sure the former name is cleared */
  Curl_safefree(ftpc->newhost);

  if((ftpc->count1 == 0) &&
     (ftpcode == 229)) {
    /* positive EPSV response */
    char *ptr = strchr(str, '(');
    if(ptr) {
      unsigned int num;
      char separator[4];
      ptr++;
      if(5 == sscanf(ptr, "%c%c%c%u%c",
                     &separator[0],
                     &separator[1],
                     &separator[2],
                     &num,
                     &separator[3])) {
        const char sep1 = separator[0];
        int i;

        /* The four separators should be identical, or else this is an oddly
           formatted reply and we bail out immediately. */
        for(i = 1; i<4; i++) {
          if(separator[i] != sep1) {
            ptr = NULL; /* set to NULL to signal error */
            break;
          }
        }
        if(num > 0xffff) {
          failf(data, "Illegal port number in EPSV reply");
          return CURLE_FTP_WEIRD_PASV_REPLY;
        }
        if(ptr) {
          ftpc->newport = (unsigned short)(num & 0xffff);
          ftpc->newhost = strdup(control_address(conn));
          if(!ftpc->newhost)
            return CURLE_OUT_OF_MEMORY;
        }
      }
      else
        ptr = NULL;
    }
    if(!ptr) {
      failf(data, "Weirdly formatted EPSV reply");
      return CURLE_FTP_WEIRD_PASV_REPLY;
    }
  }
  else if((ftpc->count1 == 1) &&
          (ftpcode == 227)) {
    /* positive PASV response */
    unsigned int ip[4];
    unsigned int port[2];

    /*
     * Scan for a sequence of six comma-separated numbers and use them as
     * IP+port indicators.
     *
     * Found reply-strings include:
     * "227 Entering Passive Mode (127,0,0,1,4,51)"
     * "227 Data transfer will passively listen to 127,0,0,1,4,51"
     * "227 Entering passive mode. 127,0,0,1,4,51"
     */
    while(*str) {
      if(6 == sscanf(str, "%u,%u,%u,%u,%u,%u",
                     &ip[0], &ip[1], &ip[2], &ip[3],
                     &port[0], &port[1]))
        break;
      str++;
    }

    if(!*str || (ip[0] > 255) || (ip[1] > 255)  || (ip[2] > 255)  ||
       (ip[3] > 255) || (port[0] > 255)  || (port[1] > 255) ) {
      failf(data, "Couldn't interpret the 227-response");
      return CURLE_FTP_WEIRD_227_FORMAT;
    }

    /* we got OK from server */
    if(data->set.ftp_skip_ip) {
      /* told to ignore the remotely given IP but instead use the host we used
         for the control connection */
      infof(data, "Skip %u.%u.%u.%u for data connection, re-use %s instead\n",
            ip[0], ip[1], ip[2], ip[3],
            conn->host.name);
      ftpc->newhost = strdup(control_address(conn));
    }
    else
      ftpc->newhost = aprintf("%u.%u.%u.%u", ip[0], ip[1], ip[2], ip[3]);

    if(!ftpc->newhost)
      return CURLE_OUT_OF_MEMORY;

    ftpc->newport = (unsigned short)(((port[0]<<8) + port[1]) & 0xffff);
  }
  else if(ftpc->count1 == 0) {
    /* EPSV failed, move on to PASV */
    return ftp_epsv_disable(conn);
  }
  else {
    failf(data, "Bad PASV/EPSV response: %03d", ftpcode);
    return CURLE_FTP_WEIRD_PASV_REPLY;
  }

  if(conn->bits.proxy) {
    /*
     * This connection uses a proxy and we need to connect to the proxy again
     * here. We don't want to rely on a former host lookup that might've
     * expired now, instead we remake the lookup here and now!
     */
    const char * const host_name = conn->bits.socksproxy ?
      conn->socks_proxy.host.name : conn->http_proxy.host.name;
    rc = Curl_resolv(conn, host_name, (int)conn->port, FALSE, &addr);
    if(rc == CURLRESOLV_PENDING)
      /* BLOCKING, ignores the return code but 'addr' will be NULL in
         case of failure */
      (void)Curl_resolver_wait_resolv(conn, &addr);

    connectport =
      (unsigned short)conn->port; /* we connect to the proxy's port */

    if(!addr) {
      failf(data, "Can't resolve proxy host %s:%hu", host_name, connectport);
      return CURLE_COULDNT_RESOLVE_PROXY;
    }
  }
  else {
    /* normal, direct, ftp connection */
    rc = Curl_resolv(conn, ftpc->newhost, ftpc->newport, FALSE, &addr);
    if(rc == CURLRESOLV_PENDING)
      /* BLOCKING */
      (void)Curl_resolver_wait_resolv(conn, &addr);

    connectport = ftpc->newport; /* we connect to the remote port */

    if(!addr) {
      failf(data, "Can't resolve new host %s:%hu", ftpc->newhost, connectport);
      return CURLE_FTP_CANT_GET_HOST;
    }
  }

  conn->bits.tcpconnect[SECONDARYSOCKET] = FALSE;
  result = Curl_connecthost(conn, addr);

  if(result) {
    Curl_resolv_unlock(data, addr); /* we're done using this address */
    if(ftpc->count1 == 0 && ftpcode == 229)
      return ftp_epsv_disable(conn);

    return result;
  }


  /*
   * When this is used from the multi interface, this might've returned with
   * the 'connected' set to FALSE and thus we are now awaiting a non-blocking
   * connect to connect.
   */

  if(data->set.verbose)
    /* this just dumps information about this second connection */
    ftp_pasv_verbose(conn, addr->addr, ftpc->newhost, connectport);

  Curl_resolv_unlock(data, addr); /* we're done using this address */

  Curl_safefree(conn->secondaryhostname);
  conn->secondary_port = ftpc->newport;
  conn->secondaryhostname = strdup(ftpc->newhost);
  if(!conn->secondaryhostname)
    return CURLE_OUT_OF_MEMORY;

  conn->bits.do_more = TRUE;
  state(conn, FTP_STOP); /* this phase is completed */

  return result;
}

static CURLcode ftp_state_port_resp(struct connectdata *conn,
                                    int ftpcode)
{
  struct Curl_easy *data = conn->data;
  struct ftp_conn *ftpc = &conn->proto.ftpc;
  ftpport fcmd = (ftpport)ftpc->count1;
  CURLcode result = CURLE_OK;

  /* The FTP spec tells a positive response should have code 200.
     Be more permissive here to tolerate deviant servers. */
  if(ftpcode / 100 != 2) {
    /* the command failed */

    if(EPRT == fcmd) {
      infof(data, "disabling EPRT usage\n");
      conn->bits.ftp_use_eprt = FALSE;
    }
    fcmd++;

    if(fcmd == DONE) {
      failf(data, "Failed to do PORT");
      result = CURLE_FTP_PORT_FAILED;
    }
    else
      /* try next */
      result = ftp_state_use_port(conn, fcmd);
  }
  else {
    infof(data, "Connect data stream actively\n");
    state(conn, FTP_STOP); /* end of DO phase */
    result = ftp_dophase_done(conn, FALSE);
  }

  return result;
}

static CURLcode ftp_state_mdtm_resp(struct connectdata *conn,
                                    int ftpcode)
{
  CURLcode result = CURLE_OK;
  struct Curl_easy *data = conn->data;
  struct FTP *ftp = data->req.protop;
  struct ftp_conn *ftpc = &conn->proto.ftpc;

  switch(ftpcode) {
  case 213:
    {
      /* we got a time. Format should be: "YYYYMMDDHHMMSS[.sss]" where the
         last .sss part is optional and means fractions of a second */
      int year, month, day, hour, minute, second;
      if(6 == sscanf(&data->state.buffer[4], "%04d%02d%02d%02d%02d%02d",
                     &year, &month, &day, &hour, &minute, &second)) {
        /* we have a time, reformat it */
        char timebuf[24];
        msnprintf(timebuf, sizeof(timebuf),
                  "%04d%02d%02d %02d:%02d:%02d GMT",
                  year, month, day, hour, minute, second);
        /* now, convert this into a time() value: */
        data->info.filetime = Curl_getdate_capped(timebuf);
      }

#ifdef CURL_FTP_HTTPSTYLE_HEAD
      /* If we asked for a time of the file and we actually got one as well,
         we "emulate" a HTTP-style header in our output. */

      if(data->set.opt_no_body &&
         ftpc->file &&
         data->set.get_filetime &&
         (data->info.filetime >= 0) ) {
        char headerbuf[128];
        time_t filetime = data->info.filetime;
        struct tm buffer;
        const struct tm *tm = &buffer;

        result = Curl_gmtime(filetime, &buffer);
        if(result)
          return result;

        /* format: "Tue, 15 Nov 1994 12:45:26" */
        msnprintf(headerbuf, sizeof(headerbuf),
                  "Last-Modified: %s, %02d %s %4d %02d:%02d:%02d GMT\r\n",
                  Curl_wkday[tm->tm_wday?tm->tm_wday-1:6],
                  tm->tm_mday,
                  Curl_month[tm->tm_mon],
                  tm->tm_year + 1900,
                  tm->tm_hour,
                  tm->tm_min,
                  tm->tm_sec);
        result = Curl_client_write(conn, CLIENTWRITE_BOTH, headerbuf, 0);
        if(result)
          return result;
      } /* end of a ridiculous amount of conditionals */
#endif
    }
    break;
  default:
    infof(data, "unsupported MDTM reply format\n");
    break;
  case 550: /* "No such file or directory" */
    failf(data, "Given file does not exist");
    result = CURLE_FTP_COULDNT_RETR_FILE;
    break;
  }

  if(data->set.timecondition) {
    if((data->info.filetime > 0) && (data->set.timevalue > 0)) {
      switch(data->set.timecondition) {
      case CURL_TIMECOND_IFMODSINCE:
      default:
        if(data->info.filetime <= data->set.timevalue) {
          infof(data, "The requested document is not new enough\n");
          ftp->transfer = FTPTRANSFER_NONE; /* mark to not transfer data */
          data->info.timecond = TRUE;
          state(conn, FTP_STOP);
          return CURLE_OK;
        }
        break;
      case CURL_TIMECOND_IFUNMODSINCE:
        if(data->info.filetime > data->set.timevalue) {
          infof(data, "The requested document is not old enough\n");
          ftp->transfer = FTPTRANSFER_NONE; /* mark to not transfer data */
          data->info.timecond = TRUE;
          state(conn, FTP_STOP);
          return CURLE_OK;
        }
        break;
      } /* switch */
    }
    else {
      infof(data, "Skipping time comparison\n");
    }
  }

  if(!result)
    result = ftp_state_type(conn);

  return result;
}

static CURLcode ftp_state_type_resp(struct connectdata *conn,
                                    int ftpcode,
                                    ftpstate instate)
{
  CURLcode result = CURLE_OK;
  struct Curl_easy *data = conn->data;

  if(ftpcode/100 != 2) {
    /* "sasserftpd" and "(u)r(x)bot ftpd" both responds with 226 after a
       successful 'TYPE I'. While that is not as RFC959 says, it is still a
       positive response code and we allow that. */
    failf(data, "Couldn't set desired mode");
    return CURLE_FTP_COULDNT_SET_TYPE;
  }
  if(ftpcode != 200)
    infof(data, "Got a %03d response code instead of the assumed 200\n",
          ftpcode);

  if(instate == FTP_TYPE)
    result = ftp_state_size(conn);
  else if(instate == FTP_LIST_TYPE)
    result = ftp_state_list(conn);
  else if(instate == FTP_RETR_TYPE)
    result = ftp_state_retr_prequote(conn);
  else if(instate == FTP_STOR_TYPE)
    result = ftp_state_stor_prequote(conn);

  return result;
}

static CURLcode ftp_state_retr(struct connectdata *conn,
                                         curl_off_t filesize)
{
  CURLcode result = CURLE_OK;
  struct Curl_easy *data = conn->data;
  struct FTP *ftp = data->req.protop;
  struct ftp_conn *ftpc = &conn->proto.ftpc;

  if(data->set.max_filesize && (filesize > data->set.max_filesize)) {
    failf(data, "Maximum file size exceeded");
    return CURLE_FILESIZE_EXCEEDED;
  }
  ftp->downloadsize = filesize;

  if(data->state.resume_from) {
    /* We always (attempt to) get the size of downloads, so it is done before
       this even when not doing resumes. */
    if(filesize == -1) {
      infof(data, "ftp server doesn't support SIZE\n");
      /* We couldn't get the size and therefore we can't know if there really
         is a part of the file left to get, although the server will just
         close the connection when we start the connection so it won't cause
         us any harm, just not make us exit as nicely. */
    }
    else {
      /* We got a file size report, so we check that there actually is a
         part of the file left to get, or else we go home.  */
      if(data->state.resume_from< 0) {
        /* We're supposed to download the last abs(from) bytes */
        if(filesize < -data->state.resume_from) {
          failf(data, "Offset (%" CURL_FORMAT_CURL_OFF_T
                ") was beyond file size (%" CURL_FORMAT_CURL_OFF_T ")",
                data->state.resume_from, filesize);
          return CURLE_BAD_DOWNLOAD_RESUME;
        }
        /* convert to size to download */
        ftp->downloadsize = -data->state.resume_from;
        /* download from where? */
        data->state.resume_from = filesize - ftp->downloadsize;
      }
      else {
        if(filesize < data->state.resume_from) {
          failf(data, "Offset (%" CURL_FORMAT_CURL_OFF_T
                ") was beyond file size (%" CURL_FORMAT_CURL_OFF_T ")",
                data->state.resume_from, filesize);
          return CURLE_BAD_DOWNLOAD_RESUME;
        }
        /* Now store the number of bytes we are expected to download */
        ftp->downloadsize = filesize-data->state.resume_from;
      }
    }

    if(ftp->downloadsize == 0) {
      /* no data to transfer */
      Curl_setup_transfer(data, -1, -1, FALSE, -1);
      infof(data, "File already completely downloaded\n");

      /* Set ->transfer so that we won't get any error in ftp_done()
       * because we didn't transfer the any file */
      ftp->transfer = FTPTRANSFER_NONE;
      state(conn, FTP_STOP);
      return CURLE_OK;
    }

    /* Set resume file transfer offset */
    infof(data, "Instructs server to resume from offset %"
          CURL_FORMAT_CURL_OFF_T "\n", data->state.resume_from);

    PPSENDF(&ftpc->pp, "REST %" CURL_FORMAT_CURL_OFF_T,
            data->state.resume_from);

    state(conn, FTP_RETR_REST);
  }
  else {
    /* no resume */
    PPSENDF(&ftpc->pp, "RETR %s", ftpc->file);
    state(conn, FTP_RETR);
  }

  return result;
}

static CURLcode ftp_state_size_resp(struct connectdata *conn,
                                    int ftpcode,
                                    ftpstate instate)
{
  CURLcode result = CURLE_OK;
  struct Curl_easy *data = conn->data;
  curl_off_t filesize = -1;
  char *buf = data->state.buffer;

  /* get the size from the ascii string: */
  if(ftpcode == 213) {
    /* To allow servers to prepend "rubbish" in the response string, we scan
       for all the digits at the end of the response and parse only those as a
       number. */
    char *start = &buf[4];
    char *fdigit = strchr(start, '\r');
    if(fdigit) {
      do
        fdigit--;
      while(ISDIGIT(*fdigit) && (fdigit > start));
      if(!ISDIGIT(*fdigit))
        fdigit++;
    }
    else
      fdigit = start;
    /* ignores parsing errors, which will make the size remain unknown */
    (void)curlx_strtoofft(fdigit, NULL, 0, &filesize);

  }

  if(instate == FTP_SIZE) {
#ifdef CURL_FTP_HTTPSTYLE_HEAD
    if(-1 != filesize) {
      char clbuf[128];
      msnprintf(clbuf, sizeof(clbuf),
                "Content-Length: %" CURL_FORMAT_CURL_OFF_T "\r\n", filesize);
      result = Curl_client_write(conn, CLIENTWRITE_BOTH, clbuf, 0);
      if(result)
        return result;
    }
#endif
    Curl_pgrsSetDownloadSize(data, filesize);
    result = ftp_state_rest(conn);
  }
  else if(instate == FTP_RETR_SIZE) {
    Curl_pgrsSetDownloadSize(data, filesize);
    result = ftp_state_retr(conn, filesize);
  }
  else if(instate == FTP_STOR_SIZE) {
    data->state.resume_from = filesize;
    result = ftp_state_ul_setup(conn, TRUE);
  }

  return result;
}

static CURLcode ftp_state_rest_resp(struct connectdata *conn,
                                    int ftpcode,
                                    ftpstate instate)
{
  CURLcode result = CURLE_OK;
  struct ftp_conn *ftpc = &conn->proto.ftpc;

  switch(instate) {
  case FTP_REST:
  default:
#ifdef CURL_FTP_HTTPSTYLE_HEAD
    if(ftpcode == 350) {
      char buffer[24]= { "Accept-ranges: bytes\r\n" };
      result = Curl_client_write(conn, CLIENTWRITE_BOTH, buffer, 0);
      if(result)
        return result;
    }
#endif
    result = ftp_state_prepare_transfer(conn);
    break;

  case FTP_RETR_REST:
    if(ftpcode != 350) {
      failf(conn->data, "Couldn't use REST");
      result = CURLE_FTP_COULDNT_USE_REST;
    }
    else {
      PPSENDF(&ftpc->pp, "RETR %s", ftpc->file);
      state(conn, FTP_RETR);
    }
    break;
  }

  return result;
}

static CURLcode ftp_state_stor_resp(struct connectdata *conn,
                                    int ftpcode, ftpstate instate)
{
  CURLcode result = CURLE_OK;
  struct Curl_easy *data = conn->data;

  if(ftpcode >= 400) {
    failf(data, "Failed FTP upload: %0d", ftpcode);
    state(conn, FTP_STOP);
    /* oops, we never close the sockets! */
    return CURLE_UPLOAD_FAILED;
  }

  conn->proto.ftpc.state_saved = instate;

  /* PORT means we are now awaiting the server to connect to us. */
  if(data->set.ftp_use_port) {
    bool connected;

    state(conn, FTP_STOP); /* no longer in STOR state */

    result = AllowServerConnect(conn, &connected);
    if(result)
      return result;

    if(!connected) {
      struct ftp_conn *ftpc = &conn->proto.ftpc;
      infof(data, "Data conn was not available immediately\n");
      ftpc->wait_data_conn = TRUE;
    }

    return CURLE_OK;
  }
  return InitiateTransfer(conn);
}

/* for LIST and RETR responses */
static CURLcode ftp_state_get_resp(struct connectdata *conn,
                                    int ftpcode,
                                    ftpstate instate)
{
  CURLcode result = CURLE_OK;
  struct Curl_easy *data = conn->data;
  struct FTP *ftp = data->req.protop;

  if((ftpcode == 150) || (ftpcode == 125)) {

    /*
      A;
      150 Opening BINARY mode data connection for /etc/passwd (2241
      bytes).  (ok, the file is being transferred)

      B:
      150 Opening ASCII mode data connection for /bin/ls

      C:
      150 ASCII data connection for /bin/ls (137.167.104.91,37445) (0 bytes).

      D:
      150 Opening ASCII mode data connection for [file] (0.0.0.0,0) (545 bytes)

      E:
      125 Data connection already open; Transfer starting. */

    curl_off_t size = -1; /* default unknown size */


    /*
     * It appears that there are FTP-servers that return size 0 for files when
     * SIZE is used on the file while being in BINARY mode. To work around
     * that (stupid) behavior, we attempt to parse the RETR response even if
     * the SIZE returned size zero.
     *
     * Debugging help from Salvatore Sorrentino on February 26, 2003.
     */

    if((instate != FTP_LIST) &&
       !data->set.prefer_ascii &&
       (ftp->downloadsize < 1)) {
      /*
       * It seems directory listings either don't show the size or very
       * often uses size 0 anyway. ASCII transfers may very well turn out
       * that the transferred amount of data is not the same as this line
       * tells, why using this number in those cases only confuses us.
       *
       * Example D above makes this parsing a little tricky */
      char *bytes;
      char *buf = data->state.buffer;
      bytes = strstr(buf, " bytes");
      if(bytes) {
        long in = (long)(--bytes-buf);
        /* this is a hint there is size information in there! ;-) */
        while(--in) {
          /* scan for the left parenthesis and break there */
          if('(' == *bytes)
            break;
          /* skip only digits */
          if(!ISDIGIT(*bytes)) {
            bytes = NULL;
            break;
          }
          /* one more estep backwards */
          bytes--;
        }
        /* if we have nothing but digits: */
        if(bytes++) {
          /* get the number! */
          (void)curlx_strtoofft(bytes, NULL, 0, &size);
        }
      }
    }
    else if(ftp->downloadsize > -1)
      size = ftp->downloadsize;

    if(size > data->req.maxdownload && data->req.maxdownload > 0)
      size = data->req.size = data->req.maxdownload;
    else if((instate != FTP_LIST) && (data->set.prefer_ascii))
      size = -1; /* kludge for servers that understate ASCII mode file size */

    infof(data, "Maxdownload = %" CURL_FORMAT_CURL_OFF_T "\n",
          data->req.maxdownload);

    if(instate != FTP_LIST)
      infof(data, "Getting file with size: %" CURL_FORMAT_CURL_OFF_T "\n",
            size);

    /* FTP download: */
    conn->proto.ftpc.state_saved = instate;
    conn->proto.ftpc.retr_size_saved = size;

    if(data->set.ftp_use_port) {
      bool connected;

      result = AllowServerConnect(conn, &connected);
      if(result)
        return result;

      if(!connected) {
        struct ftp_conn *ftpc = &conn->proto.ftpc;
        infof(data, "Data conn was not available immediately\n");
        state(conn, FTP_STOP);
        ftpc->wait_data_conn = TRUE;
      }
    }
    else
      return InitiateTransfer(conn);
  }
  else {
    if((instate == FTP_LIST) && (ftpcode == 450)) {
      /* simply no matching files in the dir listing */
      ftp->transfer = FTPTRANSFER_NONE; /* don't download anything */
      state(conn, FTP_STOP); /* this phase is over */
    }
    else {
      failf(data, "RETR response: %03d", ftpcode);
      return instate == FTP_RETR && ftpcode == 550?
        CURLE_REMOTE_FILE_NOT_FOUND:
        CURLE_FTP_COULDNT_RETR_FILE;
    }
  }

  return result;
}

/* after USER, PASS and ACCT */
static CURLcode ftp_state_loggedin(struct connectdata *conn)
{
  CURLcode result = CURLE_OK;

  if(conn->ssl[FIRSTSOCKET].use) {
    /* PBSZ = PROTECTION BUFFER SIZE.

    The 'draft-murray-auth-ftp-ssl' (draft 12, page 7) says:

    Specifically, the PROT command MUST be preceded by a PBSZ
    command and a PBSZ command MUST be preceded by a successful
    security data exchange (the TLS negotiation in this case)

    ... (and on page 8):

    Thus the PBSZ command must still be issued, but must have a
    parameter of '0' to indicate that no buffering is taking place
    and the data connection should not be encapsulated.
    */
    PPSENDF(&conn->proto.ftpc.pp, "PBSZ %d", 0);
    state(conn, FTP_PBSZ);
  }
  else {
    result = ftp_state_pwd(conn);
  }
  return result;
}

/* for USER and PASS responses */
static CURLcode ftp_state_user_resp(struct connectdata *conn,
                                    int ftpcode,
                                    ftpstate instate)
{
  CURLcode result = CURLE_OK;
  struct Curl_easy *data = conn->data;
  struct FTP *ftp = data->req.protop;
  struct ftp_conn *ftpc = &conn->proto.ftpc;
  (void)instate; /* no use for this yet */

  /* some need password anyway, and others just return 2xx ignored */
  if((ftpcode == 331) && (ftpc->state == FTP_USER)) {
    /* 331 Password required for ...
       (the server requires to send the user's password too) */
    PPSENDF(&ftpc->pp, "PASS %s", ftp->passwd?ftp->passwd:"");
    state(conn, FTP_PASS);
  }
  else if(ftpcode/100 == 2) {
    /* 230 User ... logged in.
       (the user logged in with or without password) */
    result = ftp_state_loggedin(conn);
  }
  else if(ftpcode == 332) {
    if(data->set.str[STRING_FTP_ACCOUNT]) {
      PPSENDF(&ftpc->pp, "ACCT %s", data->set.str[STRING_FTP_ACCOUNT]);
      state(conn, FTP_ACCT);
    }
    else {
      failf(data, "ACCT requested but none available");
      result = CURLE_LOGIN_DENIED;
    }
  }
  else {
    /* All other response codes, like:

    530 User ... access denied
    (the server denies to log the specified user) */

    if(conn->data->set.str[STRING_FTP_ALTERNATIVE_TO_USER] &&
        !conn->data->state.ftp_trying_alternative) {
      /* Ok, USER failed.  Let's try the supplied command. */
      PPSENDF(&conn->proto.ftpc.pp, "%s",
              conn->data->set.str[STRING_FTP_ALTERNATIVE_TO_USER]);
      conn->data->state.ftp_trying_alternative = TRUE;
      state(conn, FTP_USER);
      result = CURLE_OK;
    }
    else {
      failf(data, "Access denied: %03d", ftpcode);
      result = CURLE_LOGIN_DENIED;
    }
  }
  return result;
}

/* for ACCT response */
static CURLcode ftp_state_acct_resp(struct connectdata *conn,
                                    int ftpcode)
{
  CURLcode result = CURLE_OK;
  struct Curl_easy *data = conn->data;
  if(ftpcode != 230) {
    failf(data, "ACCT rejected by server: %03d", ftpcode);
    result = CURLE_FTP_WEIRD_PASS_REPLY; /* FIX */
  }
  else
    result = ftp_state_loggedin(conn);

  return result;
}


static CURLcode ftp_statemach_act(struct connectdata *conn)
{
  CURLcode result;
  curl_socket_t sock = conn->sock[FIRSTSOCKET];
  struct Curl_easy *data = conn->data;
  int ftpcode;
  struct ftp_conn *ftpc = &conn->proto.ftpc;
  struct pingpong *pp = &ftpc->pp;
  static const char ftpauth[][4]  = { "SSL", "TLS" };
  size_t nread = 0;

  if(pp->sendleft)
    return Curl_pp_flushsend(pp);

  result = ftp_readresp(sock, pp, &ftpcode, &nread);
  if(result)
    return result;

  if(ftpcode) {
    /* we have now received a full FTP server response */
    switch(ftpc->state) {
    case FTP_WAIT220:
      if(ftpcode == 230)
        /* 230 User logged in - already! */
        return ftp_state_user_resp(conn, ftpcode, ftpc->state);
      else if(ftpcode != 220) {
        failf(data, "Got a %03d ftp-server response when 220 was expected",
              ftpcode);
        return CURLE_WEIRD_SERVER_REPLY;
      }

      /* We have received a 220 response fine, now we proceed. */
#ifdef HAVE_GSSAPI
      if(data->set.krb) {
        /* If not anonymous login, try a secure login. Note that this
           procedure is still BLOCKING. */

        Curl_sec_request_prot(conn, "private");
        /* We set private first as default, in case the line below fails to
           set a valid level */
        Curl_sec_request_prot(conn, data->set.str[STRING_KRB_LEVEL]);

        if(Curl_sec_login(conn))
          infof(data, "Logging in with password in cleartext!\n");
        else
          infof(data, "Authentication successful\n");
      }
#endif

      if(data->set.use_ssl &&
         (!conn->ssl[FIRSTSOCKET].use ||
          (conn->bits.proxy_ssl_connected[FIRSTSOCKET] &&
           !conn->proxy_ssl[FIRSTSOCKET].use))) {
        /* We don't have a SSL/TLS connection yet, but FTPS is
           requested. Try a FTPS connection now */

        ftpc->count3 = 0;
        switch(data->set.ftpsslauth) {
        case CURLFTPAUTH_DEFAULT:
        case CURLFTPAUTH_SSL:
          ftpc->count2 = 1; /* add one to get next */
          ftpc->count1 = 0;
          break;
        case CURLFTPAUTH_TLS:
          ftpc->count2 = -1; /* subtract one to get next */
          ftpc->count1 = 1;
          break;
        default:
          failf(data, "unsupported parameter to CURLOPT_FTPSSLAUTH: %d",
                (int)data->set.ftpsslauth);
          return CURLE_UNKNOWN_OPTION; /* we don't know what to do */
        }
        PPSENDF(&ftpc->pp, "AUTH %s", ftpauth[ftpc->count1]);
        state(conn, FTP_AUTH);
      }
      else {
        result = ftp_state_user(conn);
        if(result)
          return result;
      }

      break;

    case FTP_AUTH:
      /* we have gotten the response to a previous AUTH command */

      /* RFC2228 (page 5) says:
       *
       * If the server is willing to accept the named security mechanism,
       * and does not require any security data, it must respond with
       * reply code 234/334.
       */

      if((ftpcode == 234) || (ftpcode == 334)) {
        /* Curl_ssl_connect is BLOCKING */
        result = Curl_ssl_connect(conn, FIRSTSOCKET);
        if(!result) {
          conn->bits.ftp_use_data_ssl = FALSE; /* clear-text data */
          result = ftp_state_user(conn);
        }
      }
      else if(ftpc->count3 < 1) {
        ftpc->count3++;
        ftpc->count1 += ftpc->count2; /* get next attempt */
        result = Curl_pp_sendf(&ftpc->pp, "AUTH %s", ftpauth[ftpc->count1]);
        /* remain in this same state */
      }
      else {
        if(data->set.use_ssl > CURLUSESSL_TRY)
          /* we failed and CURLUSESSL_CONTROL or CURLUSESSL_ALL is set */
          result = CURLE_USE_SSL_FAILED;
        else
          /* ignore the failure and continue */
          result = ftp_state_user(conn);
      }

      if(result)
        return result;
      break;

    case FTP_USER:
    case FTP_PASS:
      result = ftp_state_user_resp(conn, ftpcode, ftpc->state);
      break;

    case FTP_ACCT:
      result = ftp_state_acct_resp(conn, ftpcode);
      break;

    case FTP_PBSZ:
      PPSENDF(&ftpc->pp, "PROT %c",
              data->set.use_ssl == CURLUSESSL_CONTROL ? 'C' : 'P');
      state(conn, FTP_PROT);

      break;

    case FTP_PROT:
      if(ftpcode/100 == 2)
        /* We have enabled SSL for the data connection! */
        conn->bits.ftp_use_data_ssl =
          (data->set.use_ssl != CURLUSESSL_CONTROL) ? TRUE : FALSE;
      /* FTP servers typically responds with 500 if they decide to reject
         our 'P' request */
      else if(data->set.use_ssl > CURLUSESSL_CONTROL)
        /* we failed and bails out */
        return CURLE_USE_SSL_FAILED;

      if(data->set.ftp_ccc) {
        /* CCC - Clear Command Channel
         */
        PPSENDF(&ftpc->pp, "%s", "CCC");
        state(conn, FTP_CCC);
      }
      else {
        result = ftp_state_pwd(conn);
        if(result)
          return result;
      }
      break;

    case FTP_CCC:
      if(ftpcode < 500) {
        /* First shut down the SSL layer (note: this call will block) */
        result = Curl_ssl_shutdown(conn, FIRSTSOCKET);

        if(result) {
          failf(conn->data, "Failed to clear the command channel (CCC)");
          return result;
        }
      }

      /* Then continue as normal */
      result = ftp_state_pwd(conn);
      if(result)
        return result;
      break;

    case FTP_PWD:
      if(ftpcode == 257) {
        char *ptr = &data->state.buffer[4];  /* start on the first letter */
        const size_t buf_size = data->set.buffer_size;
        char *dir;
        bool entry_extracted = FALSE;

        dir = malloc(nread + 1);
        if(!dir)
          return CURLE_OUT_OF_MEMORY;

        /* Reply format is like
           257<space>[rubbish]"<directory-name>"<space><commentary> and the
           RFC959 says

           The directory name can contain any character; embedded
           double-quotes should be escaped by double-quotes (the
           "quote-doubling" convention).
        */

        /* scan for the first double-quote for non-standard responses */
        while(ptr < &data->state.buffer[buf_size]
              && *ptr != '\n' && *ptr != '\0' && *ptr != '"')
          ptr++;

        if('\"' == *ptr) {
          /* it started good */
          char *store;
          ptr++;
          for(store = dir; *ptr;) {
            if('\"' == *ptr) {
              if('\"' == ptr[1]) {
                /* "quote-doubling" */
                *store = ptr[1];
                ptr++;
              }
              else {
                /* end of path */
                entry_extracted = TRUE;
                break; /* get out of this loop */
              }
            }
            else
              *store = *ptr;
            store++;
            ptr++;
          }
          *store = '\0'; /* zero terminate */
        }
        if(entry_extracted) {
          /* If the path name does not look like an absolute path (i.e.: it
             does not start with a '/'), we probably need some server-dependent
             adjustments. For example, this is the case when connecting to
             an OS400 FTP server: this server supports two name syntaxes,
             the default one being incompatible with standard paths. In
             addition, this server switches automatically to the regular path
             syntax when one is encountered in a command: this results in
             having an entrypath in the wrong syntax when later used in CWD.
               The method used here is to check the server OS: we do it only
             if the path name looks strange to minimize overhead on other
             systems. */

          if(!ftpc->server_os && dir[0] != '/') {

            result = Curl_pp_sendf(&ftpc->pp, "%s", "SYST");
            if(result) {
              free(dir);
              return result;
            }
            Curl_safefree(ftpc->entrypath);
            ftpc->entrypath = dir; /* remember this */
            infof(data, "Entry path is '%s'\n", ftpc->entrypath);
            /* also save it where getinfo can access it: */
            data->state.most_recent_ftp_entrypath = ftpc->entrypath;
            state(conn, FTP_SYST);
            break;
          }

          Curl_safefree(ftpc->entrypath);
          ftpc->entrypath = dir; /* remember this */
          infof(data, "Entry path is '%s'\n", ftpc->entrypath);
          /* also save it where getinfo can access it: */
          data->state.most_recent_ftp_entrypath = ftpc->entrypath;
        }
        else {
          /* couldn't get the path */
          free(dir);
          infof(data, "Failed to figure out path\n");
        }
      }
      state(conn, FTP_STOP); /* we are done with the CONNECT phase! */
      DEBUGF(infof(data, "protocol connect phase DONE\n"));
      break;

    case FTP_SYST:
      if(ftpcode == 215) {
        char *ptr = &data->state.buffer[4];  /* start on the first letter */
        char *os;
        char *store;

        os = malloc(nread + 1);
        if(!os)
          return CURLE_OUT_OF_MEMORY;

        /* Reply format is like
           215<space><OS-name><space><commentary>
        */
        while(*ptr == ' ')
          ptr++;
        for(store = os; *ptr && *ptr != ' ';)
          *store++ = *ptr++;
        *store = '\0'; /* zero terminate */

        /* Check for special servers here. */

        if(strcasecompare(os, "OS/400")) {
          /* Force OS400 name format 1. */
          result = Curl_pp_sendf(&ftpc->pp, "%s", "SITE NAMEFMT 1");
          if(result) {
            free(os);
            return result;
          }
          /* remember target server OS */
          Curl_safefree(ftpc->server_os);
          ftpc->server_os = os;
          state(conn, FTP_NAMEFMT);
          break;
        }
        /* Nothing special for the target server. */
        /* remember target server OS */
        Curl_safefree(ftpc->server_os);
        ftpc->server_os = os;
      }
      else {
        /* Cannot identify server OS. Continue anyway and cross fingers. */
      }

      state(conn, FTP_STOP); /* we are done with the CONNECT phase! */
      DEBUGF(infof(data, "protocol connect phase DONE\n"));
      break;

    case FTP_NAMEFMT:
      if(ftpcode == 250) {
        /* Name format change successful: reload initial path. */
        ftp_state_pwd(conn);
        break;
      }

      state(conn, FTP_STOP); /* we are done with the CONNECT phase! */
      DEBUGF(infof(data, "protocol connect phase DONE\n"));
      break;

    case FTP_QUOTE:
    case FTP_POSTQUOTE:
    case FTP_RETR_PREQUOTE:
    case FTP_STOR_PREQUOTE:
      if((ftpcode >= 400) && !ftpc->count2) {
        /* failure response code, and not allowed to fail */
        failf(conn->data, "QUOT command failed with %03d", ftpcode);
        return CURLE_QUOTE_ERROR;
      }
      result = ftp_state_quote(conn, FALSE, ftpc->state);
      if(result)
        return result;

      break;

    case FTP_CWD:
      if(ftpcode/100 != 2) {
        /* failure to CWD there */
        if(conn->data->set.ftp_create_missing_dirs &&
           ftpc->cwdcount && !ftpc->count2) {
          /* try making it */
          ftpc->count2++; /* counter to prevent CWD-MKD loops */
          PPSENDF(&ftpc->pp, "MKD %s", ftpc->dirs[ftpc->cwdcount - 1]);
          state(conn, FTP_MKD);
        }
        else {
          /* return failure */
          failf(data, "Server denied you to change to the given directory");
          ftpc->cwdfail = TRUE; /* don't remember this path as we failed
                                   to enter it */
          return CURLE_REMOTE_ACCESS_DENIED;
        }
      }
      else {
        /* success */
        ftpc->count2 = 0;
        if(++ftpc->cwdcount <= ftpc->dirdepth) {
          /* send next CWD */
          PPSENDF(&ftpc->pp, "CWD %s", ftpc->dirs[ftpc->cwdcount - 1]);
        }
        else {
          result = ftp_state_mdtm(conn);
          if(result)
            return result;
        }
      }
      break;

    case FTP_MKD:
      if((ftpcode/100 != 2) && !ftpc->count3--) {
        /* failure to MKD the dir */
        failf(data, "Failed to MKD dir: %03d", ftpcode);
        return CURLE_REMOTE_ACCESS_DENIED;
      }
      state(conn, FTP_CWD);
      /* send CWD */
      PPSENDF(&ftpc->pp, "CWD %s", ftpc->dirs[ftpc->cwdcount - 1]);
      break;

    case FTP_MDTM:
      result = ftp_state_mdtm_resp(conn, ftpcode);
      break;

    case FTP_TYPE:
    case FTP_LIST_TYPE:
    case FTP_RETR_TYPE:
    case FTP_STOR_TYPE:
      result = ftp_state_type_resp(conn, ftpcode, ftpc->state);
      break;

    case FTP_SIZE:
    case FTP_RETR_SIZE:
    case FTP_STOR_SIZE:
      result = ftp_state_size_resp(conn, ftpcode, ftpc->state);
      break;

    case FTP_REST:
    case FTP_RETR_REST:
      result = ftp_state_rest_resp(conn, ftpcode, ftpc->state);
      break;

    case FTP_PRET:
      if(ftpcode != 200) {
        /* there only is this one standard OK return code. */
        failf(data, "PRET command not accepted: %03d", ftpcode);
        return CURLE_FTP_PRET_FAILED;
      }
      result = ftp_state_use_pasv(conn);
      break;

    case FTP_PASV:
      result = ftp_state_pasv_resp(conn, ftpcode);
      break;

    case FTP_PORT:
      result = ftp_state_port_resp(conn, ftpcode);
      break;

    case FTP_LIST:
    case FTP_RETR:
      result = ftp_state_get_resp(conn, ftpcode, ftpc->state);
      break;

    case FTP_STOR:
      result = ftp_state_stor_resp(conn, ftpcode, ftpc->state);
      break;

    case FTP_QUIT:
      /* fallthrough, just stop! */
    default:
      /* internal error */
      state(conn, FTP_STOP);
      break;
    }
  } /* if(ftpcode) */

  return result;
}


/* called repeatedly until done from multi.c */
static CURLcode ftp_multi_statemach(struct connectdata *conn,
                                    bool *done)
{
  struct ftp_conn *ftpc = &conn->proto.ftpc;
  CURLcode result = Curl_pp_statemach(&ftpc->pp, FALSE, FALSE);

  /* Check for the state outside of the Curl_socket_check() return code checks
     since at times we are in fact already in this state when this function
     gets called. */
  *done = (ftpc->state == FTP_STOP) ? TRUE : FALSE;

  return result;
}

static CURLcode ftp_block_statemach(struct connectdata *conn)
{
  struct ftp_conn *ftpc = &conn->proto.ftpc;
  struct pingpong *pp = &ftpc->pp;
  CURLcode result = CURLE_OK;

  while(ftpc->state != FTP_STOP) {
    result = Curl_pp_statemach(pp, TRUE, TRUE /* disconnecting */);
    if(result)
      break;
  }

  return result;
}

/*
 * ftp_connect() should do everything that is to be considered a part of
 * the connection phase.
 *
 * The variable 'done' points to will be TRUE if the protocol-layer connect
 * phase is done when this function returns, or FALSE if not.
 *
 */
static CURLcode ftp_connect(struct connectdata *conn,
                                 bool *done) /* see description above */
{
  CURLcode result;
  struct ftp_conn *ftpc = &conn->proto.ftpc;
  struct pingpong *pp = &ftpc->pp;

  *done = FALSE; /* default to not done yet */

  /* We always support persistent connections on ftp */
  connkeep(conn, "FTP default");

  pp->response_time = RESP_TIMEOUT; /* set default response time-out */
  pp->statemach_act = ftp_statemach_act;
  pp->endofresp = ftp_endofresp;
  pp->conn = conn;

  if(conn->handler->flags & PROTOPT_SSL) {
    /* BLOCKING */
    result = Curl_ssl_connect(conn, FIRSTSOCKET);
    if(result)
      return result;
  }

  Curl_pp_init(pp); /* init the generic pingpong data */

  /* When we connect, we start in the state where we await the 220
     response */
  state(conn, FTP_WAIT220);

  result = ftp_multi_statemach(conn, done);

  return result;
}

/***********************************************************************
 *
 * ftp_done()
 *
 * The DONE function. This does what needs to be done after a single DO has
 * performed.
 *
 * Input argument is already checked for validity.
 */
static CURLcode ftp_done(struct connectdata *conn, CURLcode status,
                         bool premature)
{
  struct Curl_easy *data = conn->data;
  struct FTP *ftp = data->req.protop;
  struct ftp_conn *ftpc = &conn->proto.ftpc;
  struct pingpong *pp = &ftpc->pp;
  ssize_t nread;
  int ftpcode;
  CURLcode result = CURLE_OK;
  char *rawPath = NULL;
  size_t pathLen = 0;

  if(!ftp)
    return CURLE_OK;

  switch(status) {
  case CURLE_BAD_DOWNLOAD_RESUME:
  case CURLE_FTP_WEIRD_PASV_REPLY:
  case CURLE_FTP_PORT_FAILED:
  case CURLE_FTP_ACCEPT_FAILED:
  case CURLE_FTP_ACCEPT_TIMEOUT:
  case CURLE_FTP_COULDNT_SET_TYPE:
  case CURLE_FTP_COULDNT_RETR_FILE:
  case CURLE_PARTIAL_FILE:
  case CURLE_UPLOAD_FAILED:
  case CURLE_REMOTE_ACCESS_DENIED:
  case CURLE_FILESIZE_EXCEEDED:
  case CURLE_REMOTE_FILE_NOT_FOUND:
  case CURLE_WRITE_ERROR:
    /* the connection stays alive fine even though this happened */
    /* fall-through */
  case CURLE_OK: /* doesn't affect the control connection's status */
    if(!premature)
      break;

    /* until we cope better with prematurely ended requests, let them
     * fallback as if in complete failure */
    /* FALLTHROUGH */
  default:       /* by default, an error means the control connection is
                    wedged and should not be used anymore */
    ftpc->ctl_valid = FALSE;
    ftpc->cwdfail = TRUE; /* set this TRUE to prevent us to remember the
                             current path, as this connection is going */
    connclose(conn, "FTP ended with bad error code");
    result = status;      /* use the already set error code */
    break;
  }

  if(data->state.wildcardmatch) {
    if(data->set.chunk_end && ftpc->file) {
      Curl_set_in_callback(data, true);
      data->set.chunk_end(data->wildcard.customptr);
      Curl_set_in_callback(data, false);
    }
    ftpc->known_filesize = -1;
  }

  if(!result)
    /* get the url-decoded "raw" path */
    result = Curl_urldecode(data, ftp->path, 0, &rawPath, &pathLen, TRUE);
  if(result) {
    /* We can limp along anyway (and should try to since we may already be in
     * the error path) */
    ftpc->ctl_valid = FALSE; /* mark control connection as bad */
    connclose(conn, "FTP: out of memory!"); /* mark for connection closure */
    free(ftpc->prevpath);
    ftpc->prevpath = NULL; /* no path remembering */
  }
  else { /* remember working directory for connection reuse */
    if((data->set.ftp_filemethod == FTPFILE_NOCWD) && (rawPath[0] == '/'))
      free(rawPath); /* full path => no CWDs happened => keep ftpc->prevpath */
    else {
      free(ftpc->prevpath);

      if(!ftpc->cwdfail) {
        if(data->set.ftp_filemethod == FTPFILE_NOCWD)
          pathLen = 0; /* relative path => working directory is FTP home */
        else
          pathLen -= ftpc->file?strlen(ftpc->file):0; /* file is url-decoded */

        rawPath[pathLen] = '\0';
        ftpc->prevpath = rawPath;
      }
      else {
        free(rawPath);
        ftpc->prevpath = NULL; /* no path */
      }
    }

    if(ftpc->prevpath)
      infof(data, "Remembering we are in dir \"%s\"\n", ftpc->prevpath);
  }

  /* free the dir tree and file parts */
  freedirs(ftpc);

  /* shut down the socket to inform the server we're done */

#ifdef _WIN32_WCE
  shutdown(conn->sock[SECONDARYSOCKET], 2);  /* SD_BOTH */
#endif

  if(conn->sock[SECONDARYSOCKET] != CURL_SOCKET_BAD) {
    if(!result && ftpc->dont_check && data->req.maxdownload > 0) {
      /* partial download completed */
      result = Curl_pp_sendf(pp, "%s", "ABOR");
      if(result) {
        failf(data, "Failure sending ABOR command: %s",
              curl_easy_strerror(result));
        ftpc->ctl_valid = FALSE; /* mark control connection as bad */
        connclose(conn, "ABOR command failed"); /* connection closure */
      }
    }

    if(conn->ssl[SECONDARYSOCKET].use) {
      /* The secondary socket is using SSL so we must close down that part
         first before we close the socket for real */
      Curl_ssl_close(conn, SECONDARYSOCKET);

      /* Note that we keep "use" set to TRUE since that (next) connection is
         still requested to use SSL */
    }
    close_secondarysocket(conn);
  }

  if(!result && (ftp->transfer == FTPTRANSFER_BODY) && ftpc->ctl_valid &&
     pp->pending_resp && !premature) {
    /*
     * Let's see what the server says about the transfer we just performed,
     * but lower the timeout as sometimes this connection has died while the
     * data has been transferred. This happens when doing through NATs etc that
     * abandon old silent connections.
     */
    long old_time = pp->response_time;

    pp->response_time = 60*1000; /* give it only a minute for now */
    pp->response = Curl_now(); /* timeout relative now */

    result = Curl_GetFTPResponse(&nread, conn, &ftpcode);

    pp->response_time = old_time; /* set this back to previous value */

    if(!nread && (CURLE_OPERATION_TIMEDOUT == result)) {
      failf(data, "control connection looks dead");
      ftpc->ctl_valid = FALSE; /* mark control connection as bad */
      connclose(conn, "Timeout or similar in FTP DONE operation"); /* close */
    }

    if(result)
      return result;

    if(ftpc->dont_check && data->req.maxdownload > 0) {
      /* we have just sent ABOR and there is no reliable way to check if it was
       * successful or not; we have to close the connection now */
      infof(data, "partial download completed, closing connection\n");
      connclose(conn, "Partial download with no ability to check");
      return result;
    }

    if(!ftpc->dont_check) {
      /* 226 Transfer complete, 250 Requested file action okay, completed. */
      if((ftpcode != 226) && (ftpcode != 250)) {
        failf(data, "server did not report OK, got %d", ftpcode);
        result = CURLE_PARTIAL_FILE;
      }
    }
  }

  if(result || premature)
    /* the response code from the transfer showed an error already so no
       use checking further */
    ;
  else if(data->set.upload) {
    if((-1 != data->state.infilesize) &&
       (data->state.infilesize != data->req.writebytecount) &&
       !data->set.crlf &&
       (ftp->transfer == FTPTRANSFER_BODY)) {
      failf(data, "Uploaded unaligned file size (%" CURL_FORMAT_CURL_OFF_T
            " out of %" CURL_FORMAT_CURL_OFF_T " bytes)",
            data->req.bytecount, data->state.infilesize);
      result = CURLE_PARTIAL_FILE;
    }
  }
  else {
    if((-1 != data->req.size) &&
       (data->req.size != data->req.bytecount) &&
#ifdef CURL_DO_LINEEND_CONV
       /* Most FTP servers don't adjust their file SIZE response for CRLFs, so
        * we'll check to see if the discrepancy can be explained by the number
        * of CRLFs we've changed to LFs.
        */
       ((data->req.size + data->state.crlf_conversions) !=
        data->req.bytecount) &&
#endif /* CURL_DO_LINEEND_CONV */
       (data->req.maxdownload != data->req.bytecount)) {
      failf(data, "Received only partial file: %" CURL_FORMAT_CURL_OFF_T
            " bytes", data->req.bytecount);
      result = CURLE_PARTIAL_FILE;
    }
    else if(!ftpc->dont_check &&
            !data->req.bytecount &&
            (data->req.size>0)) {
      failf(data, "No data was received!");
      result = CURLE_FTP_COULDNT_RETR_FILE;
    }
  }

  /* clear these for next connection */
  ftp->transfer = FTPTRANSFER_BODY;
  ftpc->dont_check = FALSE;

  /* Send any post-transfer QUOTE strings? */
  if(!status && !result && !premature && data->set.postquote)
    result = ftp_sendquote(conn, data->set.postquote);
  Curl_safefree(ftp->pathalloc);
  return result;
}

/***********************************************************************
 *
 * ftp_sendquote()
 *
 * Where a 'quote' means a list of custom commands to send to the server.
 * The quote list is passed as an argument.
 *
 * BLOCKING
 */

static
CURLcode ftp_sendquote(struct connectdata *conn, struct curl_slist *quote)
{
  struct curl_slist *item;
  ssize_t nread;
  int ftpcode;
  CURLcode result;
  struct ftp_conn *ftpc = &conn->proto.ftpc;
  struct pingpong *pp = &ftpc->pp;

  item = quote;
  while(item) {
    if(item->data) {
      char *cmd = item->data;
      bool acceptfail = FALSE;

      /* if a command starts with an asterisk, which a legal FTP command never
         can, the command will be allowed to fail without it causing any
         aborts or cancels etc. It will cause libcurl to act as if the command
         is successful, whatever the server reponds. */

      if(cmd[0] == '*') {
        cmd++;
        acceptfail = TRUE;
      }

      PPSENDF(&conn->proto.ftpc.pp, "%s", cmd);

      pp->response = Curl_now(); /* timeout relative now */

      result = Curl_GetFTPResponse(&nread, conn, &ftpcode);
      if(result)
        return result;

      if(!acceptfail && (ftpcode >= 400)) {
        failf(conn->data, "QUOT string not accepted: %s", cmd);
        return CURLE_QUOTE_ERROR;
      }
    }

    item = item->next;
  }

  return CURLE_OK;
}

/***********************************************************************
 *
 * ftp_need_type()
 *
 * Returns TRUE if we in the current situation should send TYPE
 */
static int ftp_need_type(struct connectdata *conn,
                         bool ascii_wanted)
{
  return conn->proto.ftpc.transfertype != (ascii_wanted?'A':'I');
}

/***********************************************************************
 *
 * ftp_nb_type()
 *
 * Set TYPE. We only deal with ASCII or BINARY so this function
 * sets one of them.
 * If the transfer type is not sent, simulate on OK response in newstate
 */
static CURLcode ftp_nb_type(struct connectdata *conn,
                            bool ascii, ftpstate newstate)
{
  struct ftp_conn *ftpc = &conn->proto.ftpc;
  CURLcode result;
  char want = (char)(ascii?'A':'I');

  if(ftpc->transfertype == want) {
    state(conn, newstate);
    return ftp_state_type_resp(conn, 200, newstate);
  }

  PPSENDF(&ftpc->pp, "TYPE %c", want);
  state(conn, newstate);

  /* keep track of our current transfer type */
  ftpc->transfertype = want;
  return CURLE_OK;
}

/***************************************************************************
 *
 * ftp_pasv_verbose()
 *
 * This function only outputs some informationals about this second connection
 * when we've issued a PASV command before and thus we have connected to a
 * possibly new IP address.
 *
 */
#ifndef CURL_DISABLE_VERBOSE_STRINGS
static void
ftp_pasv_verbose(struct connectdata *conn,
                 Curl_addrinfo *ai,
                 char *newhost, /* ascii version */
                 int port)
{
  char buf[256];
  Curl_printable_address(ai, buf, sizeof(buf));
  infof(conn->data, "Connecting to %s (%s) port %d\n", newhost, buf, port);
}
#endif

/*
 * ftp_do_more()
 *
 * This function shall be called when the second FTP (data) connection is
 * connected.
 *
 * 'complete' can return 0 for incomplete, 1 for done and -1 for go back
 * (which basically is only for when PASV is being sent to retry a failed
 * EPSV).
 */

static CURLcode ftp_do_more(struct connectdata *conn, int *completep)
{
  struct Curl_easy *data = conn->data;
  struct ftp_conn *ftpc = &conn->proto.ftpc;
  CURLcode result = CURLE_OK;
  bool connected = FALSE;
  bool complete = FALSE;

  /* the ftp struct is inited in ftp_connect() */
  struct FTP *ftp = data->req.protop;

  /* if the second connection isn't done yet, wait for it */
  if(!conn->bits.tcpconnect[SECONDARYSOCKET]) {
    if(Curl_connect_ongoing(conn)) {
      /* As we're in TUNNEL_CONNECT state now, we know the proxy name and port
         aren't used so we blank their arguments. */
      result = Curl_proxyCONNECT(conn, SECONDARYSOCKET, NULL, 0);

      return result;
    }

    result = Curl_is_connected(conn, SECONDARYSOCKET, &connected);

    /* Ready to do more? */
    if(connected) {
      DEBUGF(infof(data, "DO-MORE connected phase starts\n"));
    }
    else {
      if(result && (ftpc->count1 == 0)) {
        *completep = -1; /* go back to DOING please */
        /* this is a EPSV connect failing, try PASV instead */
        return ftp_epsv_disable(conn);
      }
      return result;
    }
  }

  result = Curl_proxy_connect(conn, SECONDARYSOCKET);
  if(result)
    return result;

  if(CONNECT_SECONDARYSOCKET_PROXY_SSL())
    return result;

  if(conn->bits.tunnel_proxy && conn->bits.httpproxy &&
     Curl_connect_ongoing(conn))
    return result;


  if(ftpc->state) {
    /* already in a state so skip the initial commands.
       They are only done to kickstart the do_more state */
    result = ftp_multi_statemach(conn, &complete);

    *completep = (int)complete;

    /* if we got an error or if we don't wait for a data connection return
       immediately */
    if(result || !ftpc->wait_data_conn)
      return result;

    /* if we reach the end of the FTP state machine here, *complete will be
       TRUE but so is ftpc->wait_data_conn, which says we need to wait for the
       data connection and therefore we're not actually complete */
    *completep = 0;
  }

  if(ftp->transfer <= FTPTRANSFER_INFO) {
    /* a transfer is about to take place, or if not a file name was given
       so we'll do a SIZE on it later and then we need the right TYPE first */

    if(ftpc->wait_data_conn == TRUE) {
      bool serv_conned;

      result = ReceivedServerConnect(conn, &serv_conned);
      if(result)
        return result; /* Failed to accept data connection */

      if(serv_conned) {
        /* It looks data connection is established */
        result = AcceptServerConnect(conn);
        ftpc->wait_data_conn = FALSE;
        if(!result)
          result = InitiateTransfer(conn);

        if(result)
          return result;

        *completep = 1; /* this state is now complete when the server has
                           connected back to us */
      }
    }
    else if(data->set.upload) {
      result = ftp_nb_type(conn, data->set.prefer_ascii, FTP_STOR_TYPE);
      if(result)
        return result;

      result = ftp_multi_statemach(conn, &complete);
      /* ftpc->wait_data_conn is always false here */
      *completep = (int)complete;
    }
    else {
      /* download */
      ftp->downloadsize = -1; /* unknown as of yet */

      result = Curl_range(conn);

      if(result == CURLE_OK && data->req.maxdownload >= 0) {
        /* Don't check for successful transfer */
        ftpc->dont_check = TRUE;
      }

      if(result)
        ;
      else if(data->set.ftp_list_only || !ftpc->file) {
        /* The specified path ends with a slash, and therefore we think this
           is a directory that is requested, use LIST. But before that we
           need to set ASCII transfer mode. */

        /* But only if a body transfer was requested. */
        if(ftp->transfer == FTPTRANSFER_BODY) {
          result = ftp_nb_type(conn, TRUE, FTP_LIST_TYPE);
          if(result)
            return result;
        }
        /* otherwise just fall through */
      }
      else {
        result = ftp_nb_type(conn, data->set.prefer_ascii, FTP_RETR_TYPE);
        if(result)
          return result;
      }

      result = ftp_multi_statemach(conn, &complete);
      *completep = (int)complete;
    }
    return result;
  }

  /* no data to transfer */
  Curl_setup_transfer(data, -1, -1, FALSE, -1);

  if(!ftpc->wait_data_conn) {
    /* no waiting for the data connection so this is now complete */
    *completep = 1;
    DEBUGF(infof(data, "DO-MORE phase ends with %d\n", (int)result));
  }

  return result;
}



/***********************************************************************
 *
 * ftp_perform()
 *
 * This is the actual DO function for FTP. Get a file/directory according to
 * the options previously setup.
 */

static
CURLcode ftp_perform(struct connectdata *conn,
                     bool *connected,  /* connect status after PASV / PORT */
                     bool *dophase_done)
{
  /* this is FTP and no proxy */
  CURLcode result = CURLE_OK;

  DEBUGF(infof(conn->data, "DO phase starts\n"));

  if(conn->data->set.opt_no_body) {
    /* requested no body means no transfer... */
    struct FTP *ftp = conn->data->req.protop;
    ftp->transfer = FTPTRANSFER_INFO;
  }

  *dophase_done = FALSE; /* not done yet */

  /* start the first command in the DO phase */
  result = ftp_state_quote(conn, TRUE, FTP_QUOTE);
  if(result)
    return result;

  /* run the state-machine */
  result = ftp_multi_statemach(conn, dophase_done);

  *connected = conn->bits.tcpconnect[SECONDARYSOCKET];

  infof(conn->data, "ftp_perform ends with SECONDARY: %d\n", *connected);

  if(*dophase_done)
    DEBUGF(infof(conn->data, "DO phase is complete1\n"));

  return result;
}

static void wc_data_dtor(void *ptr)
{
  struct ftp_wc *ftpwc = ptr;
  if(ftpwc && ftpwc->parser)
    Curl_ftp_parselist_data_free(&ftpwc->parser);
  free(ftpwc);
}

static CURLcode init_wc_data(struct connectdata *conn)
{
  char *last_slash;
  struct FTP *ftp = conn->data->req.protop;
  char *path = ftp->path;
  struct WildcardData *wildcard = &(conn->data->wildcard);
  CURLcode result = CURLE_OK;
  struct ftp_wc *ftpwc = NULL;

  last_slash = strrchr(ftp->path, '/');
  if(last_slash) {
    last_slash++;
    if(last_slash[0] == '\0') {
      wildcard->state = CURLWC_CLEAN;
      result = ftp_parse_url_path(conn);
      return result;
    }
    wildcard->pattern = strdup(last_slash);
    if(!wildcard->pattern)
      return CURLE_OUT_OF_MEMORY;
    last_slash[0] = '\0'; /* cut file from path */
  }
  else { /* there is only 'wildcard pattern' or nothing */
    if(path[0]) {
      wildcard->pattern = strdup(path);
      if(!wildcard->pattern)
        return CURLE_OUT_OF_MEMORY;
      path[0] = '\0';
    }
    else { /* only list */
      wildcard->state = CURLWC_CLEAN;
      result = ftp_parse_url_path(conn);
      return result;
    }
  }

  /* program continues only if URL is not ending with slash, allocate needed
     resources for wildcard transfer */

  /* allocate ftp protocol specific wildcard data */
  ftpwc = calloc(1, sizeof(struct ftp_wc));
  if(!ftpwc) {
    result = CURLE_OUT_OF_MEMORY;
    goto fail;
  }

  /* INITIALIZE parselist structure */
  ftpwc->parser = Curl_ftp_parselist_data_alloc();
  if(!ftpwc->parser) {
    result = CURLE_OUT_OF_MEMORY;
    goto fail;
  }

  wildcard->protdata = ftpwc; /* put it to the WildcardData tmp pointer */
  wildcard->dtor = wc_data_dtor;

  /* wildcard does not support NOCWD option (assert it?) */
  if(conn->data->set.ftp_filemethod == FTPFILE_NOCWD)
    conn->data->set.ftp_filemethod = FTPFILE_MULTICWD;

  /* try to parse ftp url */
  result = ftp_parse_url_path(conn);
  if(result) {
    goto fail;
  }

  wildcard->path = strdup(ftp->path);
  if(!wildcard->path) {
    result = CURLE_OUT_OF_MEMORY;
    goto fail;
  }

  /* backup old write_function */
  ftpwc->backup.write_function = conn->data->set.fwrite_func;
  /* parsing write function */
  conn->data->set.fwrite_func = Curl_ftp_parselist;
  /* backup old file descriptor */
  ftpwc->backup.file_descriptor = conn->data->set.out;
  /* let the writefunc callback know what curl pointer is working with */
  conn->data->set.out = conn;

  infof(conn->data, "Wildcard - Parsing started\n");
  return CURLE_OK;

  fail:
  if(ftpwc) {
    Curl_ftp_parselist_data_free(&ftpwc->parser);
    free(ftpwc);
  }
  Curl_safefree(wildcard->pattern);
  wildcard->dtor = ZERO_NULL;
  wildcard->protdata = NULL;
  return result;
}

/* This is called recursively */
static CURLcode wc_statemach(struct connectdata *conn)
{
  struct WildcardData * const wildcard = &(conn->data->wildcard);
  CURLcode result = CURLE_OK;

  switch(wildcard->state) {
  case CURLWC_INIT:
    result = init_wc_data(conn);
    if(wildcard->state == CURLWC_CLEAN)
      /* only listing! */
      break;
    wildcard->state = result ? CURLWC_ERROR : CURLWC_MATCHING;
    break;

  case CURLWC_MATCHING: {
    /* In this state is LIST response successfully parsed, so lets restore
       previous WRITEFUNCTION callback and WRITEDATA pointer */
    struct ftp_wc *ftpwc = wildcard->protdata;
    conn->data->set.fwrite_func = ftpwc->backup.write_function;
    conn->data->set.out = ftpwc->backup.file_descriptor;
    ftpwc->backup.write_function = ZERO_NULL;
    ftpwc->backup.file_descriptor = NULL;
    wildcard->state = CURLWC_DOWNLOADING;

    if(Curl_ftp_parselist_geterror(ftpwc->parser)) {
      /* error found in LIST parsing */
      wildcard->state = CURLWC_CLEAN;
      return wc_statemach(conn);
    }
    if(wildcard->filelist.size == 0) {
      /* no corresponding file */
      wildcard->state = CURLWC_CLEAN;
      return CURLE_REMOTE_FILE_NOT_FOUND;
    }
    return wc_statemach(conn);
  }

  case CURLWC_DOWNLOADING: {
    /* filelist has at least one file, lets get first one */
    struct ftp_conn *ftpc = &conn->proto.ftpc;
    struct curl_fileinfo *finfo = wildcard->filelist.head->ptr;
    struct FTP *ftp = conn->data->req.protop;

    char *tmp_path = aprintf("%s%s", wildcard->path, finfo->filename);
    if(!tmp_path)
      return CURLE_OUT_OF_MEMORY;

    /* switch default ftp->path and tmp_path */
    free(ftp->pathalloc);
    ftp->pathalloc = ftp->path = tmp_path;

    infof(conn->data, "Wildcard - START of \"%s\"\n", finfo->filename);
    if(conn->data->set.chunk_bgn) {
      long userresponse;
      Curl_set_in_callback(conn->data, true);
      userresponse = conn->data->set.chunk_bgn(
        finfo, wildcard->customptr, (int)wildcard->filelist.size);
      Curl_set_in_callback(conn->data, false);
      switch(userresponse) {
      case CURL_CHUNK_BGN_FUNC_SKIP:
        infof(conn->data, "Wildcard - \"%s\" skipped by user\n",
              finfo->filename);
        wildcard->state = CURLWC_SKIP;
        return wc_statemach(conn);
      case CURL_CHUNK_BGN_FUNC_FAIL:
        return CURLE_CHUNK_FAILED;
      }
    }

    if(finfo->filetype != CURLFILETYPE_FILE) {
      wildcard->state = CURLWC_SKIP;
      return wc_statemach(conn);
    }

    if(finfo->flags & CURLFINFOFLAG_KNOWN_SIZE)
      ftpc->known_filesize = finfo->size;

    result = ftp_parse_url_path(conn);
    if(result)
      return result;

    /* we don't need the Curl_fileinfo of first file anymore */
    Curl_llist_remove(&wildcard->filelist, wildcard->filelist.head, NULL);

    if(wildcard->filelist.size == 0) { /* remains only one file to down. */
      wildcard->state = CURLWC_CLEAN;
      /* after that will be ftp_do called once again and no transfer
         will be done because of CURLWC_CLEAN state */
      return CURLE_OK;
    }
  } break;

  case CURLWC_SKIP: {
    if(conn->data->set.chunk_end) {
      Curl_set_in_callback(conn->data, true);
      conn->data->set.chunk_end(conn->data->wildcard.customptr);
      Curl_set_in_callback(conn->data, false);
    }
    Curl_llist_remove(&wildcard->filelist, wildcard->filelist.head, NULL);
    wildcard->state = (wildcard->filelist.size == 0) ?
                      CURLWC_CLEAN : CURLWC_DOWNLOADING;
    return wc_statemach(conn);
  }

  case CURLWC_CLEAN: {
    struct ftp_wc *ftpwc = wildcard->protdata;
    result = CURLE_OK;
    if(ftpwc)
      result = Curl_ftp_parselist_geterror(ftpwc->parser);

    wildcard->state = result ? CURLWC_ERROR : CURLWC_DONE;
  } break;

  case CURLWC_DONE:
  case CURLWC_ERROR:
  case CURLWC_CLEAR:
    if(wildcard->dtor)
      wildcard->dtor(wildcard->protdata);
    break;
  }

  return result;
}

/***********************************************************************
 *
 * ftp_do()
 *
 * This function is registered as 'curl_do' function. It decodes the path
 * parts etc as a wrapper to the actual DO function (ftp_perform).
 *
 * The input argument is already checked for validity.
 */
static CURLcode ftp_do(struct connectdata *conn, bool *done)
{
  CURLcode result = CURLE_OK;
  struct ftp_conn *ftpc = &conn->proto.ftpc;

  *done = FALSE; /* default to false */
  ftpc->wait_data_conn = FALSE; /* default to no such wait */

  if(conn->data->state.wildcardmatch) {
    result = wc_statemach(conn);
    if(conn->data->wildcard.state == CURLWC_SKIP ||
      conn->data->wildcard.state == CURLWC_DONE) {
      /* do not call ftp_regular_transfer */
      return CURLE_OK;
    }
    if(result) /* error, loop or skipping the file */
      return result;
  }
  else { /* no wildcard FSM needed */
    result = ftp_parse_url_path(conn);
    if(result)
      return result;
  }

  result = ftp_regular_transfer(conn, done);

  return result;
}


CURLcode Curl_ftpsend(struct connectdata *conn, const char *cmd)
{
  ssize_t bytes_written;
#define SBUF_SIZE 1024
  char s[SBUF_SIZE];
  size_t write_len;
  char *sptr = s;
  CURLcode result = CURLE_OK;
#ifdef HAVE_GSSAPI
  enum protection_level data_sec = conn->data_prot;
#endif

  if(!cmd)
    return CURLE_BAD_FUNCTION_ARGUMENT;

  write_len = strlen(cmd);
  if(!write_len || write_len > (sizeof(s) -3))
    return CURLE_BAD_FUNCTION_ARGUMENT;

  memcpy(&s, cmd, write_len);
  strcpy(&s[write_len], "\r\n"); /* append a trailing CRLF */
  write_len += 2;
  bytes_written = 0;

  result = Curl_convert_to_network(conn->data, s, write_len);
  /* Curl_convert_to_network calls failf if unsuccessful */
  if(result)
    return result;

  for(;;) {
#ifdef HAVE_GSSAPI
    conn->data_prot = PROT_CMD;
#endif
    result = Curl_write(conn, conn->sock[FIRSTSOCKET], sptr, write_len,
                        &bytes_written);
#ifdef HAVE_GSSAPI
    DEBUGASSERT(data_sec > PROT_NONE && data_sec < PROT_LAST);
    conn->data_prot = data_sec;
#endif

    if(result)
      break;

    if(conn->data->set.verbose)
      Curl_debug(conn->data, CURLINFO_HEADER_OUT, sptr, (size_t)bytes_written);

    if(bytes_written != (ssize_t)write_len) {
      write_len -= bytes_written;
      sptr += bytes_written;
    }
    else
      break;
  }

  return result;
}

/***********************************************************************
 *
 * ftp_quit()
 *
 * This should be called before calling sclose() on an ftp control connection
 * (not data connections). We should then wait for the response from the
 * server before returning. The calling code should then try to close the
 * connection.
 *
 */
static CURLcode ftp_quit(struct connectdata *conn)
{
  CURLcode result = CURLE_OK;

  if(conn->proto.ftpc.ctl_valid) {
    result = Curl_pp_sendf(&conn->proto.ftpc.pp, "%s", "QUIT");
    if(result) {
      failf(conn->data, "Failure sending QUIT command: %s",
            curl_easy_strerror(result));
      conn->proto.ftpc.ctl_valid = FALSE; /* mark control connection as bad */
      connclose(conn, "QUIT command failed"); /* mark for connection closure */
      state(conn, FTP_STOP);
      return result;
    }

    state(conn, FTP_QUIT);

    result = ftp_block_statemach(conn);
  }

  return result;
}

/***********************************************************************
 *
 * ftp_disconnect()
 *
 * Disconnect from an FTP server. Cleanup protocol-specific per-connection
 * resources. BLOCKING.
 */
static CURLcode ftp_disconnect(struct connectdata *conn, bool dead_connection)
{
  struct ftp_conn *ftpc = &conn->proto.ftpc;
  struct pingpong *pp = &ftpc->pp;

  /* We cannot send quit unconditionally. If this connection is stale or
     bad in any way, sending quit and waiting around here will make the
     disconnect wait in vain and cause more problems than we need to.

     ftp_quit() will check the state of ftp->ctl_valid. If it's ok it
     will try to send the QUIT command, otherwise it will just return.
  */
  if(dead_connection)
    ftpc->ctl_valid = FALSE;

  /* The FTP session may or may not have been allocated/setup at this point! */
  (void)ftp_quit(conn); /* ignore errors on the QUIT */

  if(ftpc->entrypath) {
    struct Curl_easy *data = conn->data;
    if(data->state.most_recent_ftp_entrypath == ftpc->entrypath) {
      data->state.most_recent_ftp_entrypath = NULL;
    }
    free(ftpc->entrypath);
    ftpc->entrypath = NULL;
  }

  freedirs(ftpc);
  free(ftpc->prevpath);
  ftpc->prevpath = NULL;
  free(ftpc->server_os);
  ftpc->server_os = NULL;

  Curl_pp_disconnect(pp);

#ifdef HAVE_GSSAPI
  Curl_sec_end(conn);
#endif

  return CURLE_OK;
}

/***********************************************************************
 *
 * ftp_parse_url_path()
 *
 * Parse the URL path into separate path components.
 *
 */
static
CURLcode ftp_parse_url_path(struct connectdata *conn)
{
  struct Curl_easy *data = conn->data;
  /* the ftp struct is already inited in ftp_connect() */
  struct FTP *ftp = data->req.protop;
  struct ftp_conn *ftpc = &conn->proto.ftpc;
  const char *slashPos = NULL;
  const char *fileName = NULL;
  CURLcode result = CURLE_OK;
  char *rawPath = NULL; /* url-decoded "raw" path */
  size_t pathLen = 0;

  ftpc->ctl_valid = FALSE;
  ftpc->cwdfail = FALSE;

  /* url-decode ftp path before further evaluation */
  result = Curl_urldecode(data, ftp->path, 0, &rawPath, &pathLen, TRUE);
  if(result)
    return result;

  switch(data->set.ftp_filemethod) {
    case FTPFILE_NOCWD: /* fastest, but less standard-compliant */

      if((pathLen > 0) && (rawPath[pathLen - 1] != '/'))
          fileName = rawPath;  /* this is a full file path */
      /*
        else: ftpc->file is not used anywhere other than for operations on
              a file. In other words, never for directory operations.
              So we can safely leave filename as NULL here and use it as a
              argument in dir/file decisions.
      */
      break;

    case FTPFILE_SINGLECWD:
      slashPos = strrchr(rawPath, '/');
      if(slashPos) {
        /* get path before last slash, except for / */
        size_t dirlen = slashPos - rawPath;
        if(dirlen == 0)
            dirlen++;

        ftpc->dirs = calloc(1, sizeof(ftpc->dirs[0]));
        if(!ftpc->dirs) {
          free(rawPath);
          return CURLE_OUT_OF_MEMORY;
        }

        ftpc->dirs[0] = calloc(1, dirlen + 1);
        if(!ftpc->dirs[0]) {
          free(rawPath);
          return CURLE_OUT_OF_MEMORY;
        }

        strncpy(ftpc->dirs[0], rawPath, dirlen);
        ftpc->dirdepth = 1; /* we consider it to be a single dir */
        fileName = slashPos + 1; /* rest is file name */
      }
      else
        fileName = rawPath; /* file name only (or empty) */
      break;

    default: /* allow pretty much anything */
    case FTPFILE_MULTICWD: {
      /* current position: begin of next path component */
      const char *curPos = rawPath;

      int dirAlloc = 0; /* number of entries allocated for the 'dirs' array */
      const char *str = rawPath;
      for(; *str != 0; ++str)
        if (*str == '/')
          ++dirAlloc;

      if(dirAlloc > 0) {
        ftpc->dirs = calloc(dirAlloc, sizeof(ftpc->dirs[0]));
        if(!ftpc->dirs) {
          free(rawPath);
          return CURLE_OUT_OF_MEMORY;
        }

        /* parse the URL path into separate path components */
        while((slashPos = strchr(curPos, '/')) != NULL) {
          size_t compLen = slashPos - curPos;

          /* path starts with a slash: add that as a directory */
          if((compLen == 0) && (ftpc->dirdepth == 0))
            ++compLen;

          /* we skip empty path components, like "x//y" since the FTP command
             CWD requires a parameter and a non-existent parameter a) doesn't
             work on many servers and b) has no effect on the others. */
          if(compLen > 0) {
            char *comp = calloc(1, compLen + 1);
            if(!comp) {
              free(rawPath);
              return CURLE_OUT_OF_MEMORY;
            }
            strncpy(comp, curPos, compLen);
            ftpc->dirs[ftpc->dirdepth++] = comp;
          }
          curPos = slashPos + 1;
        }
      }
      DEBUGASSERT(ftpc->dirdepth <= dirAlloc);
      fileName = curPos; /* the rest is the file name (or empty) */
    }
    break;
  } /* switch */

  if(fileName && *fileName)
    ftpc->file = strdup(fileName);
  else
    ftpc->file = NULL; /* instead of point to a zero byte,
                            we make it a NULL pointer */

  if(data->set.upload && !ftpc->file && (ftp->transfer == FTPTRANSFER_BODY)) {
    /* We need a file name when uploading. Return error! */
    failf(data, "Uploading to a URL without a file name!");
    free(rawPath);
    return CURLE_URL_MALFORMAT;
  }

  ftpc->cwddone = FALSE; /* default to not done */

  if((data->set.ftp_filemethod == FTPFILE_NOCWD) && (rawPath[0] == '/'))
    ftpc->cwddone = TRUE; /* skip CWD for absolute paths */
  else { /* newly created FTP connections are already in entry path */
    const char *oldPath = conn->bits.reuse ? ftpc->prevpath : "";
    if(oldPath) {
      size_t n = pathLen;
      if(data->set.ftp_filemethod == FTPFILE_NOCWD)
        n = 0; /* CWD to entry for relative paths */
      else
        n -= ftpc->file?strlen(ftpc->file):0;

      if((strlen(oldPath) == n) && !strncmp(rawPath, oldPath, n)) {
        infof(data, "Request has same path as previous transfer\n");
        ftpc->cwddone = TRUE;
      }
    }
  }

  free(rawPath);
  return CURLE_OK;
}

/* call this when the DO phase has completed */
static CURLcode ftp_dophase_done(struct connectdata *conn,
                                 bool connected)
{
  struct FTP *ftp = conn->data->req.protop;
  struct ftp_conn *ftpc = &conn->proto.ftpc;

  if(connected) {
    int completed;
    CURLcode result = ftp_do_more(conn, &completed);

    if(result) {
      close_secondarysocket(conn);
      return result;
    }
  }

  if(ftp->transfer != FTPTRANSFER_BODY)
    /* no data to transfer */
    Curl_setup_transfer(conn->data, -1, -1, FALSE, -1);
  else if(!connected)
    /* since we didn't connect now, we want do_more to get called */
    conn->bits.do_more = TRUE;

  ftpc->ctl_valid = TRUE; /* seems good */

  return CURLE_OK;
}

/* called from multi.c while DOing */
static CURLcode ftp_doing(struct connectdata *conn,
                          bool *dophase_done)
{
  CURLcode result = ftp_multi_statemach(conn, dophase_done);

  if(result)
    DEBUGF(infof(conn->data, "DO phase failed\n"));
  else if(*dophase_done) {
    result = ftp_dophase_done(conn, FALSE /* not connected */);

    DEBUGF(infof(conn->data, "DO phase is complete2\n"));
  }
  return result;
}

/***********************************************************************
 *
 * ftp_regular_transfer()
 *
 * The input argument is already checked for validity.
 *
 * Performs all commands done before a regular transfer between a local and a
 * remote host.
 *
 * ftp->ctl_valid starts out as FALSE, and gets set to TRUE if we reach the
 * ftp_done() function without finding any major problem.
 */
static
CURLcode ftp_regular_transfer(struct connectdata *conn,
                              bool *dophase_done)
{
  CURLcode result = CURLE_OK;
  bool connected = FALSE;
  struct Curl_easy *data = conn->data;
  struct ftp_conn *ftpc = &conn->proto.ftpc;
  data->req.size = -1; /* make sure this is unknown at this point */

  Curl_pgrsSetUploadCounter(data, 0);
  Curl_pgrsSetDownloadCounter(data, 0);
  Curl_pgrsSetUploadSize(data, -1);
  Curl_pgrsSetDownloadSize(data, -1);

  ftpc->ctl_valid = TRUE; /* starts good */

  result = ftp_perform(conn,
                       &connected, /* have we connected after PASV/PORT */
                       dophase_done); /* all commands in the DO-phase done? */

  if(!result) {

    if(!*dophase_done)
      /* the DO phase has not completed yet */
      return CURLE_OK;

    result = ftp_dophase_done(conn, connected);

    if(result)
      return result;
  }
  else
    freedirs(ftpc);

  return result;
}

static CURLcode ftp_setup_connection(struct connectdata *conn)
{
  struct Curl_easy *data = conn->data;
  char *type;
  struct FTP *ftp;

  conn->data->req.protop = ftp = calloc(sizeof(struct FTP), 1);
  if(NULL == ftp)
    return CURLE_OUT_OF_MEMORY;

  ftp->path = &data->state.up.path[1]; /* don't include the initial slash */

  /* FTP URLs support an extension like ";type=<typecode>" that
   * we'll try to get now! */
  type = strstr(ftp->path, ";type=");

  if(!type)
    type = strstr(conn->host.rawalloc, ";type=");

  if(type) {
    char command;
    *type = 0;                     /* it was in the middle of the hostname */
    command = Curl_raw_toupper(type[6]);
    conn->bits.type_set = TRUE;

    switch(command) {
    case 'A': /* ASCII mode */
      data->set.prefer_ascii = TRUE;
      break;

    case 'D': /* directory mode */
      data->set.ftp_list_only = TRUE;
      break;

    case 'I': /* binary mode */
    default:
      /* switch off ASCII */
      data->set.prefer_ascii = FALSE;
      break;
    }
  }

  /* get some initial data into the ftp struct */
  ftp->transfer = FTPTRANSFER_BODY;
  ftp->downloadsize = 0;

  /* No need to duplicate user+password, the connectdata struct won't change
     during a session, but we re-init them here since on subsequent inits
     since the conn struct may have changed or been replaced.
  */
  ftp->user = conn->user;
  ftp->passwd = conn->passwd;
  conn->proto.ftpc.known_filesize = -1; /* unknown size for now */

  return CURLE_OK;
}

#endif /* CURL_DISABLE_FTP */