summaryrefslogtreecommitdiff
path: root/docs/INSTALL.md
blob: 67a9378fffc445c790e39e02da7f07537f11a437 (plain)
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
140
141
142
143
144
145
146
147
148
149
150
151
152
153
154
155
156
157
158
159
160
161
162
163
164
165
166
167
168
169
170
171
172
173
174
175
176
177
178
179
180
181
182
183
184
185
186
187
188
189
190
191
192
193
194
195
196
197
198
199
200
201
202
203
204
205
206
207
208
209
210
211
212
213
214
215
216
217
218
219
220
221
222
223
224
225
226
227
228
229
230
231
232
233
234
235
236
237
238
239
240
241
242
243
244
245
246
247
248
249
250
251
252
253
254
255
256
257
258
259
260
261
262
263
264
265
266
267
268
269
270
271
272
273
274
275
276
277
278
279
280
281
282
283
284
285
286
287
288
289
290
291
292
293
294
295
296
297
298
299
300
301
302
303
304
305
306
307
308
309
310
311
312
313
314
315
316
317
318
319
320
321
322
323
324
325
326
327
328
329
330
331
332
333
334
335
336
337
338
339
340
341
342
343
344
345
346
347
348
349
350
351
352
353
354
355
356
357
358
359
360
361
362
363
364
365
366
367
368
369
370
371
372
373
374
375
376
377
378
379
380
381
382
383
384
385
386
387
388
389
390
391
392
393
394
395
396
397
398
399
400
401
402
403
404
405
406
407
408
409
410
411
412
413
414
415
416
417
418
419
420
421
422
423
424
425
426
427
428
429
430
431
432
433
434
435
436
437
438
439
440
441
442
443
444
445
446
447
448
449
450
451
452
453
454
455
456
457
458
459
460
461
462
463
464
465
466
467
468
469
470
471
472
473
474
475
476
477
478
479
480
481
482
483
484
485
486
487
488
489
490
491
492
493
494
495
496
497
498
499
500
501
502
503
504
505
506
507
508
509
510
511
512
513
514
515
516
# how to install curl and libcurl

## Installing Binary Packages

Lots of people download binary distributions of curl and libcurl. This
document does not describe how to install curl or libcurl using such a binary
package. This document describes how to compile, build and install curl and
libcurl from source code.

## Building from git

If you get your code off a git repository instead of a release tarball, see
the `GIT-INFO` file in the root directory for specific instructions on how to
proceed.

# Unix

A normal Unix installation is made in three or four steps (after you've
unpacked the source archive):

    ./configure
    make
    make test (optional)
    make install

You probably need to be root when doing the last command.

Get a full listing of all available configure options by invoking it like:

    ./configure --help

If you want to install curl in a different file hierarchy than `/usr/local`,
specify that when running configure:

    ./configure --prefix=/path/to/curl/tree

If you have write permission in that directory, you can do 'make install'
without being root. An example of this would be to make a local install in
your own home directory:

    ./configure --prefix=$HOME
    make
    make install

The configure script always tries to find a working SSL library unless
explicitly told not to. If you have OpenSSL installed in the default search
path for your compiler/linker, you don't need to do anything special. If you
have OpenSSL installed in /usr/local/ssl, you can run configure like:

    ./configure --with-ssl

If you have OpenSSL installed somewhere else (for example, /opt/OpenSSL) and
you have pkg-config installed, set the pkg-config path first, like this:

    env PKG_CONFIG_PATH=/opt/OpenSSL/lib/pkgconfig ./configure --with-ssl

Without pkg-config installed, use this:

   ./configure --with-ssl=/opt/OpenSSL

If you insist on forcing a build without SSL support, even though you may
have OpenSSL installed in your system, you can run configure like this:

   ./configure --without-ssl

If you have OpenSSL installed, but with the libraries in one place and the
header files somewhere else, you have to set the LDFLAGS and CPPFLAGS
environment variables prior to running configure.  Something like this should
work:

    CPPFLAGS="-I/path/to/ssl/include" LDFLAGS="-L/path/to/ssl/lib" ./configure

If you have shared SSL libs installed in a directory where your run-time
linker doesn't find them (which usually causes configure failures), you can
provide the -R option to ld on some operating systems to set a hard-coded
path to the run-time linker:

    LDFLAGS=-R/usr/local/ssl/lib ./configure --with-ssl

## More Options

To force a static library compile, disable the shared library creation by
running configure like:

    ./configure --disable-shared

To tell the configure script to skip searching for thread-safe functions, add
an option like:

    ./configure --disable-thread

If you're a curl developer and use gcc, you might want to enable more debug
options with the `--enable-debug` option.

curl can be built to use a whole range of libraries to provide various useful
services, and configure will try to auto-detect a decent default. But if you
want to alter it, you can select how to deal with each individual library.

## Select TLS backend

The default OpenSSL configure check will also detect and use BoringSSL or
libressl.

 - GnuTLS: `--without-ssl --with-gnutls`.
 - Cyassl: `--without-ssl --with-cyassl`
 - NSS: `--without-ssl --with-nss`
 - PolarSSL: `--without-ssl --with-polarssl`
 - mbedTLS: `--without-ssl --with-mbedtls`
 - axTLS: `--without-ssl --with-axtls`
 - schannel: `--without-ssl --with-winssl`
 - secure transport: `--without-ssl --with-darwinssl`

# Windows

## Building Windows DLLs and C run-time (CRT) linkage issues

 As a general rule, building a DLL with static CRT linkage is highly
 discouraged, and intermixing CRTs in the same app is something to avoid at
 any cost.

 Reading and comprehending Microsoft Knowledge Base articles KB94248 and
 KB140584 is a must for any Windows developer. Especially important is full
 understanding if you are not going to follow the advice given above.

 - [How To Use the C Run-Time](https://support.microsoft.com/kb/94248/en-us)
 - [How to link with the correct C Run-Time CRT library](https://support.microsoft.com/kb/140584/en-us)
 - [Potential Errors Passing CRT Objects Across DLL Boundaries](https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms235460)

If your app is misbehaving in some strange way, or it is suffering from
memory corruption, before asking for further help, please try first to
rebuild every single library your app uses as well as your app using the
debug multithreaded dynamic C runtime.

 If you get linkage errors read section 5.7 of the FAQ document.

## MingW32

Make sure that MinGW32's bin dir is in the search path, for example:

    set PATH=c:\mingw32\bin;%PATH%

then run `mingw32-make mingw32` in the root dir. There are other
make targets available to build libcurl with more features, use:

 - `mingw32-make mingw32-zlib` to build with Zlib support;
 - `mingw32-make mingw32-ssl-zlib` to build with SSL and Zlib enabled;
 - `mingw32-make mingw32-ssh2-ssl-zlib` to build with SSH2, SSL, Zlib;
 - `mingw32-make mingw32-ssh2-ssl-sspi-zlib` to build with SSH2, SSL, Zlib
   and SSPI support.

If you have any problems linking libraries or finding header files, be sure
to verify that the provided "Makefile.m32" files use the proper paths, and
adjust as necessary. It is also possible to override these paths with
environment variables, for example:

    set ZLIB_PATH=c:\zlib-1.2.8
    set OPENSSL_PATH=c:\openssl-1.0.2c
    set LIBSSH2_PATH=c:\libssh2-1.6.0

It is also possible to build with other LDAP SDKs than MS LDAP; currently
it is possible to build with native Win32 OpenLDAP, or with the Novell CLDAP
SDK. If you want to use these you need to set these vars:

    set LDAP_SDK=c:\openldap
    set USE_LDAP_OPENLDAP=1

or for using the Novell SDK:

    set USE_LDAP_NOVELL=1

If you want to enable LDAPS support then set LDAPS=1.

## Cygwin

Almost identical to the unix installation. Run the configure script in the
curl source tree root with `sh configure`. Make sure you have the sh
executable in /bin/ or you'll see the configure fail toward the end.

Run `make`

## Borland C++ compiler

Ensure that your build environment is properly set up to use the compiler and
associated tools. PATH environment variable must include the path to bin
subdirectory of your compiler installation, eg: `c:\Borland\BCC55\bin`

It is advisable to set environment variable BCCDIR to the base path of the
compiler installation.

    set BCCDIR=c:\Borland\BCC55

In order to build a plain vanilla version of curl and libcurl run the
following command from curl's root directory:

    make borland

To build curl and libcurl with zlib and OpenSSL support set environment
variables `ZLIB_PATH` and `OPENSSL_PATH` to the base subdirectories of the
already built zlib and OpenSSL libraries and from curl's root directory run
command:

    make borland-ssl-zlib

libcurl library will be built in 'lib' subdirectory while curl tool is built
in 'src' subdirectory. In order to use libcurl library it is advisable to
modify compiler's configuration file bcc32.cfg located in
`c:\Borland\BCC55\bin` to reflect the location of libraries include paths for
example the '-I' line could result in something like:

    -I"c:\Borland\BCC55\include;c:\curl\include;c:\openssl\inc32"

bcc3.cfg `-L` line could also be modified to reflect the location of of
libcurl library resulting for example:

    -L"c:\Borland\BCC55\lib;c:\curl\lib;c:\openssl\out32"

In order to build sample program `simple.c` from the docs\examples
subdirectory run following command from mentioned subdirectory:

    bcc32 simple.c libcurl.lib cw32mt.lib

In order to build sample program simplessl.c an SSL enabled libcurl is
required, as well as the OpenSSL libeay32.lib and ssleay32.lib libraries.

In order to build sample program `sslbackend.c`, an SSL enabled libcurl
is required.

## Disabling Specific Protocols in Windows builds

The configure utility, unfortunately, is not available for the Windows
environment, therefore, you cannot use the various disable-protocol options of
the configure utility on this platform.

However, you can use the following defines to disable specific
protocols:

 - `HTTP_ONLY`             disables all protocols except HTTP
 - `CURL_DISABLE_FTP`      disables FTP
 - `CURL_DISABLE_LDAP`     disables LDAP
 - `CURL_DISABLE_TELNET`   disables TELNET
 - `CURL_DISABLE_DICT`     disables DICT
 - `CURL_DISABLE_FILE`     disables FILE
 - `CURL_DISABLE_TFTP`     disables TFTP
 - `CURL_DISABLE_HTTP`     disables HTTP
 - `CURL_DISABLE_IMAP`     disables IMAP
 - `CURL_DISABLE_POP3`     disables POP3
 - `CURL_DISABLE_SMTP`     disables SMTP

If you want to set any of these defines you have the following options:

 - Modify lib/config-win32.h
 - Modify lib/curl_setup.h
 - Modify winbuild/Makefile.vc
 - Modify the "Preprocessor Definitions" in the libcurl project

Note: The pre-processor settings can be found using the Visual Studio IDE
under "Project -> Settings -> C/C++ -> General" in VC6 and "Project ->
Properties -> Configuration Properties -> C/C++ -> Preprocessor" in later
versions.

## Using BSD-style lwIP instead of Winsock TCP/IP stack in Win32 builds

In order to compile libcurl and curl using BSD-style lwIP TCP/IP stack it is
necessary to make definition of preprocessor symbol USE_LWIPSOCK visible to
libcurl and curl compilation processes. To set this definition you have the
following alternatives:

 - Modify lib/config-win32.h and src/config-win32.h
 - Modify winbuild/Makefile.vc
 - Modify the "Preprocessor Definitions" in the libcurl project

Note: The pre-processor settings can be found using the Visual Studio IDE
under "Project -> Settings -> C/C++ -> General" in VC6 and "Project ->
Properties -> Configuration Properties -> C/C++ -> Preprocessor" in later
versions.

Once that libcurl has been built with BSD-style lwIP TCP/IP stack support, in
order to use it with your program it is mandatory that your program includes
lwIP header file `<lwip/opt.h>` (or another lwIP header that includes this)
before including any libcurl header. Your program does not need the
`USE_LWIPSOCK` preprocessor definition which is for libcurl internals only.

Compilation has been verified with [lwIP
1.4.0](https://download.savannah.gnu.org/releases/lwip/lwip-1.4.0.zip) and
[contrib-1.4.0](https://download.savannah.gnu.org/releases/lwip/contrib-1.4.0.zip).

This BSD-style lwIP TCP/IP stack support must be considered experimental given
that it has been verified that lwIP 1.4.0 still needs some polish, and libcurl
might yet need some additional adjustment, caveat emptor.

## Important static libcurl usage note

When building an application that uses the static libcurl library on Windows,
you must add `-DCURL_STATICLIB` to your `CFLAGS`.  Otherwise the linker will
look for dynamic import symbols.

## Legacy Windows and SSL

WinSSL (specifically SChannel from Windows SSPI), is the native SSL library in
Windows. However, WinSSL in Windows <= XP is unable to connect to servers that
no longer support the legacy handshakes and algorithms used by those
versions. If you will be using curl in one of those earlier versions of
Windows you should choose another SSL backend such as OpenSSL.

# Apple iOS and Mac OS X

On modern Apple operating systems, curl can be built to use Apple's SSL/TLS
implementation, Secure Transport, instead of OpenSSL. To build with Secure
Transport for SSL/TLS, use the configure option `--with-darwinssl`. (It is not
necessary to use the option `--without-ssl`.) This feature requires iOS 5.0 or
later, or OS X 10.5 ("Leopard") or later.

When Secure Transport is in use, the curl options `--cacert` and `--capath`
and their libcurl equivalents, will be ignored, because Secure Transport uses
the certificates stored in the Keychain to evaluate whether or not to trust
the server. This, of course, includes the root certificates that ship with the
OS. The `--cert` and `--engine` options, and their libcurl equivalents, are
currently unimplemented in curl with Secure Transport.

For OS X users: In OS X 10.8 ("Mountain Lion"), Apple made a major overhaul to
the Secure Transport API that, among other things, added support for the newer
TLS 1.1 and 1.2 protocols. To get curl to support TLS 1.1 and 1.2, you must
build curl on Mountain Lion or later, or by using the equivalent SDK. If you
set the `MACOSX_DEPLOYMENT_TARGET` environmental variable to an earlier
version of OS X prior to building curl, then curl will use the new Secure
Transport API on Mountain Lion and later, and fall back on the older API when
the same curl binary is executed on older cats. For example, running these
commands in curl's directory in the shell will build the code such that it
will run on cats as old as OS X 10.6 ("Snow Leopard") (using bash):

    export MACOSX_DEPLOYMENT_TARGET="10.6"
    ./configure --with-darwinssl
    make

# Cross compile

Download and unpack the curl package.

'cd' to the new directory. (e.g. `cd curl-7.12.3`)

Set environment variables to point to the cross-compile toolchain and call
configure with any options you need.  Be sure and specify the `--host` and
`--build` parameters at configuration time.  The following script is an
example of cross-compiling for the IBM 405GP PowerPC processor using the
toolchain from MonteVista for Hardhat Linux.

    #! /bin/sh

    export PATH=$PATH:/opt/hardhat/devkit/ppc/405/bin
    export CPPFLAGS="-I/opt/hardhat/devkit/ppc/405/target/usr/include"
    export AR=ppc_405-ar
    export AS=ppc_405-as
    export LD=ppc_405-ld
    export RANLIB=ppc_405-ranlib
    export CC=ppc_405-gcc
    export NM=ppc_405-nm

    ./configure --target=powerpc-hardhat-linux
        --host=powerpc-hardhat-linux
        --build=i586-pc-linux-gnu
        --prefix=/opt/hardhat/devkit/ppc/405/target/usr/local
        --exec-prefix=/usr/local

You may also need to provide a parameter like `--with-random=/dev/urandom` to
configure as it cannot detect the presence of a random number generating
device for a target system.  The `--prefix` parameter specifies where curl
will be installed.  If `configure` completes successfully, do `make` and `make
install` as usual.

In some cases, you may be able to simplify the above commands to as little as:

    ./configure --host=ARCH-OS

# REDUCING SIZE

There are a number of configure options that can be used to reduce the size of
libcurl for embedded applications where binary size is an important factor.
First, be sure to set the CFLAGS variable when configuring with any relevant
compiler optimization flags to reduce the size of the binary.  For gcc, this
would mean at minimum the -Os option, and potentially the `-march=X`,
`-mdynamic-no-pic` and `-flto` options as well, e.g.

    ./configure CFLAGS='-Os' LDFLAGS='-Wl,-Bsymbolic'...

Note that newer compilers often produce smaller code than older versions
due to improved optimization.

Be sure to specify as many `--disable-` and `--without-` flags on the
configure command-line as you can to disable all the libcurl features that you
know your application is not going to need.  Besides specifying the
`--disable-PROTOCOL` flags for all the types of URLs your application will not
use, here are some other flags that can reduce the size of the library:

 - `--disable-ares` (disables support for the C-ARES DNS library)
 - `--disable-cookies` (disables support for HTTP cookies)
 - `--disable-crypto-auth` (disables HTTP cryptographic authentication)
 - `--disable-ipv6` (disables support for IPv6)
 - `--disable-manual` (disables support for the built-in documentation)
 - `--disable-proxy` (disables support for HTTP and SOCKS proxies)
 - `--disable-unix-sockets` (disables support for UNIX sockets)
 - `--disable-verbose` (eliminates debugging strings and error code strings)
 - `--disable-versioned-symbols` (disables support for versioned symbols)
 - `--enable-hidden-symbols` (eliminates unneeded symbols in the shared library)
 - `--without-libidn` (disables support for the libidn DNS library)
 - `--without-librtmp` (disables support for RTMP)
 - `--without-ssl` (disables support for SSL/TLS)
 - `--without-zlib` (disables support for on-the-fly decompression)

The GNU compiler and linker have a number of options that can reduce the
size of the libcurl dynamic libraries on some platforms even further.
Specify them by providing appropriate CFLAGS and LDFLAGS variables on the
configure command-line, e.g.

    CFLAGS="-Os -ffunction-sections -fdata-sections
            -fno-unwind-tables -fno-asynchronous-unwind-tables -flto"
    LDFLAGS="-Wl,-s -Wl,-Bsymbolic -Wl,--gc-sections"

Be sure also to strip debugging symbols from your binaries after compiling
using 'strip' (or the appropriate variant if cross-compiling).  If space is
really tight, you may be able to remove some unneeded sections of the shared
library using the -R option to objcopy (e.g. the .comment section).

Using these techniques it is possible to create a basic HTTP-only shared
libcurl library for i386 Linux platforms that is only 113 KiB in size, and an
FTP-only library that is 113 KiB in size (as of libcurl version 7.50.3, using
gcc 5.4.0).

You may find that statically linking libcurl to your application will result
in a lower total size than dynamically linking.

Note that the curl test harness can detect the use of some, but not all, of
the `--disable` statements suggested above. Use will cause tests relying on
those features to fail.  The test harness can be manually forced to skip the
relevant tests by specifying certain key words on the runtests.pl command
line.  Following is a list of appropriate key words:

 - `--disable-cookies`          !cookies
 - `--disable-manual`           !--manual
 - `--disable-proxy`            !HTTP\ proxy !proxytunnel !SOCKS4 !SOCKS5

# PORTS

This is a probably incomplete list of known hardware and operating systems
that curl has been compiled for. If you know a system curl compiles and
runs on, that isn't listed, please let us know!

  - Alpha DEC OSF 4
  - Alpha Digital UNIX v3.2
  - Alpha FreeBSD 4.1, 4.5
  - Alpha Linux 2.2, 2.4
  - Alpha NetBSD 1.5.2
  - Alpha OpenBSD 3.0
  - Alpha OpenVMS V7.1-1H2
  - Alpha Tru64 v5.0 5.1
  - AVR32 Linux
  - ARM Android 1.5, 2.1, 2.3, 3.2, 4.x
  - ARM INTEGRITY
  - ARM iOS
  - Cell Linux
  - Cell Cell OS
  - HP-PA HP-UX 9.X 10.X 11.X
  - HP-PA Linux
  - HP3000 MPE/iX
  - MicroBlaze uClinux
  - MIPS IRIX 6.2, 6.5
  - MIPS Linux
  - OS/400
  - Pocket PC/Win CE 3.0
  - Power AIX 3.2.5, 4.2, 4.3.1, 4.3.2, 5.1, 5.2
  - PowerPC Darwin 1.0
  - PowerPC INTEGRITY
  - PowerPC Linux
  - PowerPC Mac OS 9
  - PowerPC Mac OS X
  - SH4 Linux 2.6.X
  - SH4 OS21
  - SINIX-Z v5
  - Sparc Linux
  - Sparc Solaris 2.4, 2.5, 2.5.1, 2.6, 7, 8, 9, 10
  - Sparc SunOS 4.1.X
  - StrongARM (and other ARM) RISC OS 3.1, 4.02
  - StrongARM/ARM7/ARM9 Linux 2.4, 2.6
  - StrongARM NetBSD 1.4.1
  - Symbian OS (P.I.P.S.) 9.x
  - TPF
  - Ultrix 4.3a
  - UNICOS 9.0
  - i386 BeOS
  - i386 DOS
  - i386 eCos 1.3.1
  - i386 Esix 4.1
  - i386 FreeBSD
  - i386 HURD
  - i386 Haiku OS
  - i386 Linux 1.3, 2.0, 2.2, 2.3, 2.4, 2.6
  - i386 Mac OS X
  - i386 MINIX 3.1
  - i386 NetBSD
  - i386 Novell NetWare
  - i386 OS/2
  - i386 OpenBSD
  - i386 QNX 6
  - i386 SCO unix
  - i386 Solaris 2.7
  - i386 Windows 95, 98, ME, NT, 2000, XP, 2003
  - i486 ncr-sysv4.3.03 (NCR MP-RAS)
  - ia64 Linux 2.3.99
  - m68k AmigaOS 3
  - m68k Linux
  - m68k uClinux
  - m68k OpenBSD
  - m88k dg-dgux5.4R3.00
  - s390 Linux
  - x86_64 Linux
  - XScale/PXA250 Linux 2.4
  - Nios II uClinux