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diff --git a/gas/doc/c-v850.texi b/gas/doc/c-v850.texi new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..5416e0f1b8f --- /dev/null +++ b/gas/doc/c-v850.texi @@ -0,0 +1,363 @@ +@c Copyright (C) 1997, 1998 Free Software Foundation, Inc. +@c This is part of the GAS manual. +@c For copying conditions, see the file as.texinfo. + +@node V850-Dependent +@chapter v850 Dependent Features + +@cindex V850 support +@menu +* V850 Options:: Options +* V850 Syntax:: Syntax +* V850 Floating Point:: Floating Point +* V850 Directives:: V850 Machine Directives +* V850 Opcodes:: Opcodes +@end menu + +@node V850 Options +@section Options +@cindex V850 options (none) +@cindex options for V850 (none) +@code{@value{AS}} supports the following additional command-line options +for the V850 processor family: + +@cindex command line options, V850 +@cindex V850 command line options +@table @code + +@cindex @code{-wsigned_overflow} command line option, V850 +@item -wsigned_overflow +Causes warnings to be produced when signed immediate values overflow the +space available for then within their opcodes. By default this option +is disabled as it is possible to receive spurious warnings due to using +exact bit patterns as immediate constants. + +@cindex @code{-wunsigned_overflow} command line option, V850 +@item -wunsigned_overflow +Causes warnings to be produced when unsigned immediate values overflow +the space available for then within their opcodes. By default this +option is disabled as it is possible to receive spurious warnings due to +using exact bit patterns as immediate constants. + +@cindex @code{-mv850} command line option, V850 +@item -mv850 +Specifies that the assembled code should be marked as being targeted at +the V850 processor. This allows the linker to detect attempts to link +such code with code assembled for other processors. + +@cindex @code{-mv850e} command line option, V850 +@item -mv850e +Specifies that the assembled code should be marked as being targeted at +the V850E processor. This allows the linker to detect attempts to link +such code with code assembled for other processors. + +@cindex @code{-mv850any} command line option, V850 +@item -mv850any +Specifies that the assembled code should be marked as being targeted at +the V850 processor but support instructions that are specific to the +extended variants of the process. This allows the production of +binaries that contain target specific code, but which are also intended +to be used in a generic fashion. For example libgcc.a contains generic +routines used by the code produced by GCC for all versions of the v850 +architecture, together with support routines only used by the V850E +architecture. + +@end table + + +@node V850 Syntax +@section Syntax +@menu +* V850-Chars:: Special Characters +* V850-Regs:: Register Names +@end menu + +@node V850-Chars +@subsection Special Characters + +@cindex line comment character, V850 +@cindex V850 line comment character +@samp{#} is the line comment character. +@node V850-Regs +@subsection Register Names + +@cindex V850 register names +@cindex register names, V850 +@code{@value{AS}} supports the following names for registers: +@table @code +@cindex @code{zero} register, V850 +@item general register 0 +r0, zero +@item general register 1 +r1 +@item general register 2 +r2, hp +@cindex @code{sp} register, V850 +@item general register 3 +r3, sp +@cindex @code{gp} register, V850 +@item general register 4 +r4, gp +@cindex @code{tp} register, V850 +@item general register 5 +r5, tp +@item general register 6 +r6 +@item general register 7 +r7 +@item general register 8 +r8 +@item general register 9 +r9 +@item general register 10 +r10 +@item general register 11 +r11 +@item general register 12 +r12 +@item general register 13 +r13 +@item general register 14 +r14 +@item general register 15 +r15 +@item general register 16 +r16 +@item general register 17 +r17 +@item general register 18 +r18 +@item general register 19 +r19 +@item general register 20 +r20 +@item general register 21 +r21 +@item general register 22 +r22 +@item general register 23 +r23 +@item general register 24 +r24 +@item general register 25 +r25 +@item general register 26 +r26 +@item general register 27 +r27 +@item general register 28 +r28 +@item general register 29 +r29 +@cindex @code{ep} register, V850 +@item general register 30 +r30, ep +@cindex @code{lp} register, V850 +@item general register 31 +r31, lp +@cindex @code{eipc} register, V850 +@item system register 0 +eipc +@cindex @code{eipsw} register, V850 +@item system register 1 +eipsw +@cindex @code{fepc} register, V850 +@item system register 2 +fepc +@cindex @code{fepsw} register, V850 +@item system register 3 +fepsw +@cindex @code{ecr} register, V850 +@item system register 4 +ecr +@cindex @code{psw} register, V850 +@item system register 5 +psw +@cindex @code{ctpc} register, V850 +@item system register 16 +ctpc +@cindex @code{ctpsw} register, V850 +@item system register 17 +ctpsw +@cindex @code{dbpc} register, V850 +@item system register 18 +dbpc +@cindex @code{dbpsw} register, V850 +@item system register 19 +dbpsw +@cindex @code{ctbp} register, V850 +@item system register 20 +ctbp +@end table + +@node V850 Floating Point +@section Floating Point + +@cindex floating point, V850 (@sc{ieee}) +@cindex V850 floating point (@sc{ieee}) +The V850 family uses @sc{ieee} floating-point numbers. + +@node V850 Directives +@section V850 Machine Directives + +@cindex machine directives, V850 +@cindex V850 machine directives +@table @code +@cindex @code{offset} directive, V850 +@item .offset @var{<expression>} +Moves the offset into the current section to the specified amount. + +@cindex @code{section} directive, V850 +@item .section "name", <type> +This is an extension to the standard .section directive. It sets the +current section to be <type> and creates an alias for this section +called "name". + +@cindex @code{.v850} directive, V850 +@item .v850 +Specifies that the assembled code should be marked as being targeted at +the V850 processor. This allows the linker to detect attempts to link +such code with code assembled for other processors. + +@cindex @code{.v850e} directive, V850 +@item .v850e +Specifies that the assembled code should be marked as being targeted at +the V850E processor. This allows the linker to detect attempts to link +such code with code assembled for other processors. + +@end table + +@node V850 Opcodes +@section Opcodes + +@cindex V850 opcodes +@cindex opcodes for V850 +@code{@value{AS}} implements all the standard V850 opcodes. + +@code{@value{AS}} also implements the following pseudo ops: + +@table @code + +@cindex @code{hi0} pseudo-op, V850 +@item hi0() +Computes the higher 16 bits of the given expression and stores it into +the immediate operand field of the given instruction. For example: + + @samp{mulhi hi0(here - there), r5, r6} + +computes the difference between the address of labels 'here' and +'there', takes the upper 16 bits of this difference, shifts it down 16 +bits and then mutliplies it by the lower 16 bits in register 5, putting +the result into register 6. + +@cindex @code{lo} pseudo-op, V850 +@item lo() +Computes the lower 16 bits of the given expression and stores it into +the immediate operand field of the given instruction. For example: + + @samp{addi lo(here - there), r5, r6} + +computes the difference between the address of labels 'here' and +'there', takes the lower 16 bits of this difference and adds it to +register 5, putting the result into register 6. + +@cindex @code{hi} pseudo-op, V850 +@item hi() +Computes the higher 16 bits of the given expression and then adds the +value of the most significant bit of the lower 16 bits of the expression +and stores the result into the immediate operand field of the given +instruction. For example the following code can be used to compute the +address of the label 'here' and store it into register 6: + + @samp{movhi hi(here), r0, r6} + @samp{movea lo(here), r6, r6} + +The reason for this special behaviour is that movea performs a sign +extention on its immediate operand. So for example if the address of +'here' was 0xFFFFFFFF then without the special behaviour of the hi() +pseudo-op the movhi instruction would put 0xFFFF0000 into r6, then the +movea instruction would takes its immediate operand, 0xFFFF, sign extend +it to 32 bits, 0xFFFFFFFF, and then add it into r6 giving 0xFFFEFFFF +which is wrong (the fifth nibble is E). With the hi() pseudo op adding +in the top bit of the lo() pseudo op, the movhi instruction actually +stores 0 into r6 (0xFFFF + 1 = 0x0000), so that the movea instruction +stores 0xFFFFFFFF into r6 - the right value. + +@cindex @code{hilo} pseudo-op, V850 +@item hilo() +Computes the 32 bit value of the given expression and stores it into +the immediate operand field of the given instruction (which must be a +mov instruction). For example: + + @samp{mov hilo(here), r6} + +computes the absolute address of label 'here' and puts the result into +register 6. + +@cindex @code{sdaoff} pseudo-op, V850 +@item sdaoff() +Computes the offset of the named variable from the start of the Small +Data Area (whoes address is held in register 4, the GP register) and +stores the result as a 16 bit signed value in the immediate operand +field of the given instruction. For example: + + @samp{ld.w sdaoff(_a_variable)[gp],r6} + +loads the contents of the location pointed to by the label '_a_variable' +into register 6, provided that the label is located somewhere within +/- +32K of the address held in the GP register. [Note the linker assumes +that the GP register contains a fixed address set to the address of the +label called '__gp'. This can either be set up automatically by the +linker, or specifically set by using the @samp{--defsym __gp=<value>} +command line option]. + +@cindex @code{tdaoff} pseudo-op, V850 +@item tdaoff() +Computes the offset of the named variable from the start of the Tiny +Data Area (whoes address is held in register 30, the EP register) and +stores the result as a 4,5, 7 or 8 bit unsigned value in the immediate +operand field of the given instruction. For example: + + @samp{sld.w tdaoff(_a_variable)[ep],r6} + +loads the contents of the location pointed to by the label '_a_variable' +into register 6, provided that the label is located somewhere within +256 +bytes of the address held in the EP register. [Note the linker assumes +that the EP register contains a fixed address set to the address of the +label called '__ep'. This can either be set up automatically by the +linker, or specifically set by using the @samp{--defsym __ep=<value>} +command line option]. + +@cindex @code{zdaoff} pseudo-op, V850 +@item zdaoff() +Computes the offset of the named variable from address 0 and stores the +result as a 16 bit signed value in the immediate operand field of the +given instruction. For example: + + @samp{movea zdaoff(_a_variable),zero,r6} + +puts the address of the label '_a_variable' into register 6, assuming +that the label is somewhere within the first 32K of memory. (Strictly +speaking it also possible to access the last 32K of memory as well, as +the offsets are signed). + +@cindex @code{ctoff} pseudo-op, V850 +@item ctoff() +Computes the offset of the named variable from the start of the Call +Table Area (whoes address is helg in system register 20, the CTBP +register) and stores the result a 6 or 16 bit unsigned value in the +immediate field of then given instruction or piece of data. For +example: + + @samp{callt ctoff(table_func1)} + +will put the call the function whoes address is held in the call table +at the location labeled 'table_func1'. + +@end table + + +For information on the V850 instruction set, see @cite{V850 +Family 32-/16-Bit single-Chip Microcontroller Architecture Manual} from NEC. +Ltd. + |