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diff --git a/htdocs/manual/misc/FAQ-H.html b/htdocs/manual/misc/FAQ-H.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..d2c33967c2 --- /dev/null +++ b/htdocs/manual/misc/FAQ-H.html @@ -0,0 +1,272 @@ +<!--#if expr="$FAQMASTER" --> +<!--#set var="STANDALONE" value="" --> +<!--#set var="INCLUDED" value="YES" --> +<!--#if expr="$QUERY_STRING = TOC" --> +<!--#set var="TOC" value="YES" --> +<!--#set var="CONTENT" value="" --> +<!--#else --> +<!--#set var="TOC" value="" --> +<!--#set var="CONTENT" value="YES" --> +<!--#endif --> +<!--#else --> +<!--#set var="STANDALONE" value="YES" --> +<!--#set var="INCLUDED" value="" --> +<!--#set var="TOC" value="" --> +<!--#set var="CONTENT" value="" --> +<!--#endif --> +<!--#if expr="$STANDALONE" --> +<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" + "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd"> + +<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"> + <head> + <meta name="generator" content="HTML Tidy, see www.w3.org" /> + + <title>Apache Server Frequently Asked Questions</title> + </head> + <!-- Background white, links blue (unvisited), navy (visited), red (active) --> + + <body bgcolor="#FFFFFF" text="#000000" link="#0000FF" + vlink="#000080" alink="#FF0000"> + <!--#include virtual="header.html" --> + + <h1 align="CENTER">Apache Server Frequently Asked + Questions</h1> + + <p>$Revision: 1.4 $ ($Date: 2001/10/08 01:26:54 $)</p> + + <p>The latest version of this FAQ is always available from the + main Apache web site, at <<a + href="http://httpd.apache.org/docs/misc/FAQ.html" + rel="Help"><samp>http://httpd.apache.org/docs/misc/FAQ.html</samp></a>>.</p> + <!-- Notes about changes: --> + <!-- - If adding a relative link to another part of the --> + <!-- documentation, *do* include the ".html" portion. There's a --> + <!-- good chance that the user will be reading the documentation --> + <!-- on his own system, which may not be configured for --> + <!-- multiviews. --> + <!-- - When adding items, make sure they're put in the right place --> + <!-- - verify that the numbering matches up. --> + <!-- - *Don't* use <PRE></PRE> blocks - they don't appear --> + <!-- correctly in a reliable way when this is converted to text --> + <!-- with Lynx. Use <DL><DD><CODE>xxx<BR>xx</CODE></DD></DL> --> + <!-- blocks inside a <P></P> instead. This is necessary to get --> + <!-- the horizontal and vertical indenting right. --> + <!-- - Don't forget to include an HR tag after the last /P tag --> + <!-- but before the /LI in an item. --> + + <p>If you are reading a text-only version of this FAQ, you may + find numbers enclosed in brackets (such as "[12]"). These refer + to the list of reference URLs to be found at the end of the + document. These references do not appear, and are not needed, + for the hypertext version.</p> + + <h2>The Questions</h2> + + <ol type="A"> + <!--#endif --> + <!--#if expr="$TOC || $STANDALONE" --> + + <li value="8"> + <strong>URL Rewriting</strong> + + <ol> + <li><a href="#rewrite-more-config">Where can I find + mod_rewrite rulesets which already solve particular + URL-related problems?</a></li> + + <li><a href="#rewrite-article">Where can I find any + published information about URL-manipulations and + mod_rewrite?</a></li> + + <li><a href="#rewrite-complexity">Why is mod_rewrite so + difficult to learn and seems so complicated?</a></li> + + <li><a href="#rewrite-dontwork">What can I do if my + RewriteRules don't work as expected?</a></li> + + <li><a href="#rewrite-prefixdocroot">Why don't some of my + URLs get prefixed with DocumentRoot when using + mod_rewrite?</a></li> + + <li><a href="#rewrite-nocase">How can I make all my URLs + case-insensitive with mod_rewrite?</a></li> + + <li><a href="#rewrite-virthost">Why are RewriteRules in + my VirtualHost parts ignored?</a></li> + + <li><a href="#rewrite-envwhitespace">How can I use + strings with whitespaces in RewriteRule's ENV + flag?</a></li> + </ol> + </li> + <!--#endif --> + <!--#if expr="$STANDALONE" --> + </ol> + <hr /> + + <h2>The Answers</h2> + <!--#endif --> + <!--#if expr="! $TOC" --> + + <h3>H. URL Rewriting</h3> + + <ol> + <li> + <a id="rewrite-more-config" + name="rewrite-more-config"><strong>Where can I find + mod_rewrite rulesets which already solve particular + URL-related problems?</strong></a> + + <p>There is a collection of <a + href="http://www.engelschall.com/pw/apache/rewriteguide/">Practical + Solutions for URL-Manipulation</a> where you can find all + typical solutions the author of <a + href="../mod/mod_rewrite.html"><samp>mod_rewrite</samp></a> + currently knows of. If you have more interesting rulesets + which solve particular problems not currently covered in + this document, send it to <a + href="mailto:rse@apache.org">Ralf S. Engelschall</a> for + inclusion. The other webmasters will thank you for avoiding + the reinvention of the wheel.</p> + <hr /> + </li> + + <li> + <a id="rewrite-article" + name="rewrite-article"><strong>Where can I find any + published information about URL-manipulations and + mod_rewrite?</strong></a> + + <p>There is an article from <a + href="mailto:rse@apache.org">Ralf S. Engelschall</a> about + URL-manipulations based on <a + href="../mod/mod_rewrite.html"><samp>mod_rewrite</samp></a> + in the "iX Multiuser Multitasking Magazin" issue #12/96. + The german (original) version can be read online at <<a + href="http://www.heise.de/ix/artikel/9612149/">http://www.heise.de/ix/artikel/9612149/</a>>, + the English (translated) version can be found at <<a + href="http://www.heise.de/ix/artikel/E/9612149/">http://www.heise.de/ix/artikel/E/9612149/</a>>.</p> + <hr /> + </li> + + <li> + <a id="rewrite-complexity" + name="rewrite-complexity"><strong>Why is mod_rewrite so + difficult to learn and seems so complicated?</strong></a> + + <p>Hmmm... there are a lot of reasons. First, mod_rewrite + itself is a powerful module which can help you in really + <strong>all</strong> aspects of URL rewriting, so it can be + no trivial module per definition. To accomplish its hard + job it uses software leverage and makes use of a powerful + regular expression library by Henry Spencer which is an + integral part of Apache since its version 1.2. And regular + expressions itself can be difficult to newbies, while + providing the most flexible power to the advanced + hacker.</p> + + <p>On the other hand mod_rewrite has to work inside the + Apache API environment and needs to do some tricks to fit + there. For instance the Apache API as of 1.x really was not + designed for URL rewriting at the <tt>.htaccess</tt> level + of processing. Or the problem of multiple rewrites in + sequence, which is also not handled by the API per design. + To provide this features mod_rewrite has to do some special + (but API compliant!) handling which leads to difficult + processing inside the Apache kernel. While the user usually + doesn't see anything of this processing, it can be + difficult to find problems when some of your RewriteRules + seem not to work.</p> + <hr /> + </li> + + <li> + <a id="rewrite-dontwork" + name="rewrite-dontwork"><strong>What can I do if my + RewriteRules don't work as expected?</strong></a> + + <p>Use "<samp>RewriteLog somefile</samp>" and + "<samp>RewriteLogLevel 9</samp>" and have a precise look at + the steps the rewriting engine performs. This is really the + only one and best way to debug your rewriting + configuration.</p> + <hr /> + </li> + + <li> + <a id="rewrite-prefixdocroot" + name="rewrite-prefixdocroot"><strong>Why don't some of my + URLs get prefixed with DocumentRoot when using + mod_rewrite?</strong></a> + + <p>If the rule starts with <samp>/somedir/...</samp> make + sure that really no <samp>/somedir</samp> exists on the + filesystem if you don't want to lead the URL to match this + directory, <em>i.e.</em>, there must be no root directory + named <samp>somedir</samp> on the filesystem. Because if + there is such a directory, the URL will not get prefixed + with DocumentRoot. This behavior looks ugly, but is really + important for some other aspects of URL rewriting.</p> + <hr /> + </li> + + <li> + <a id="rewrite-nocase" name="rewrite-nocase"><strong>How + can I make all my URLs case-insensitive with + mod_rewrite?</strong></a> + + <p>You can't! The reasons are: first, that, case + translations for arbitrary length URLs cannot be done + <em>via</em> regex patterns and corresponding + substitutions. One needs a per-character pattern like the + sed/Perl <samp>tr|..|..|</samp> feature. Second, just + making URLs always upper or lower case does not solve the + whole problem of case-INSENSITIVE URLs, because URLs + actually have to be rewritten to the correct case-variant + for the file residing on the filesystem in order to allow + Apache to access the file. And the Unix filesystem is + always case-SENSITIVE.</p> + + <p>But there is a module named <code><a + href="../mod/mod_speling.html">mod_speling.c</a></code> in + the Apache distribution. Try this module to help correct + people who use mis-cased URLs.</p> + <hr /> + </li> + + <li> + <a id="rewrite-virthost" + name="rewrite-virthost"><strong>Why are RewriteRules in my + VirtualHost parts ignored?</strong></a> + + <p>Because you have to enable the engine for every virtual + host explicitly due to security concerns. Just add a + "RewriteEngine on" to your virtual host configuration + parts.</p> + <hr /> + </li> + + <li> + <a id="rewrite-envwhitespace" + name="rewrite-envwhitespace"><strong>How can I use strings + with whitespaces in RewriteRule's ENV flag?</strong></a> + + <p>There is only one ugly solution: You have to surround + the complete flag argument by quotation marks + (<samp>"[E=...]"</samp>). Notice: The argument to quote + here is not the argument to the E-flag, it is the argument + of the Apache config file parser, <em>i.e.</em>, the third + argument of the RewriteRule here. So you have to write + <samp>"[E=any text with whitespaces]"</samp>.</p> + <hr /> + </li> + </ol> + <!--#endif --> + <!--#if expr="$STANDALONE" --> + <!-- Don't forget to add HR tags at the end of each list item.. --> + <!--#include virtual="footer.html" --> + <!--#endif --> + </body> +</html> + |