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author | Noirin Plunkett <noirin@apache.org> | 2006-04-19 22:19:15 +0000 |
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committer | Noirin Plunkett <noirin@apache.org> | 2006-04-19 22:19:15 +0000 |
commit | 98349a091f41fc2d3059604666da7fbf68247a04 (patch) | |
tree | 2644d1008250654377152dd9539746173393ec81 /docs/manual/vhosts/mass.xml | |
parent | abae90745b46523c03a543a2236a6d7512394e66 (diff) | |
download | httpd-98349a091f41fc2d3059604666da7fbf68247a04.tar.gz |
Removing 1.3 refs from 2.x docs
git-svn-id: https://svn.apache.org/repos/asf/httpd/httpd/branches/2.0.x@395412 13f79535-47bb-0310-9956-ffa450edef68
Diffstat (limited to 'docs/manual/vhosts/mass.xml')
-rw-r--r-- | docs/manual/vhosts/mass.xml | 160 |
1 files changed, 62 insertions, 98 deletions
diff --git a/docs/manual/vhosts/mass.xml b/docs/manual/vhosts/mass.xml index e8bdfd7127..730e3da5f9 100644 --- a/docs/manual/vhosts/mass.xml +++ b/docs/manual/vhosts/mass.xml @@ -22,21 +22,12 @@ <manualpage metafile="mass.xml.meta"> <parentdocument href="./">Virtual Hosts</parentdocument> - <title>Dynamically configured mass virtual hosting</title> + <title>Dynamically Configured Mass Virtual Hosting</title> <summary> <p>This document describes how to efficiently serve an - arbitrary number of virtual hosts with Apache 1.3. <!-- - - Written by Tony Finch (fanf@demon.net) (dot@dotat.at). - - Some examples were derived from Ralf S. Engleschall's document - http://www.engelschall.com/pw/apache/rewriteguide/ - - Some suggestions were made by Brian Behlendorf. - - --> + arbitrary number of virtual hosts with the Apache httpd webserver. </p> </summary> @@ -75,25 +66,25 @@ NameVirtualHost 111.22.33.44<br /> </example> <p>The basic idea is to replace all of the static - <code><VirtualHost></code> configuration with a mechanism - that works it out dynamically. This has a number of + <code><VirtualHost></code> configurations with a mechanism + that works them out dynamically. This has a number of advantages:</p> <ol> - <li>Your configuration file is smaller so Apache starts - faster and uses less memory.</li> + <li>Your configuration file is smaller, so Apache starts + more quickly and uses less memory.</li> <li>Adding virtual hosts is simply a matter of creating the appropriate directories in the filesystem and entries in the DNS - you don't need to reconfigure or restart Apache.</li> </ol> - <p>The main disadvantage is that you cannot have a different - log file for each virtual host; however if you have very many - virtual hosts then doing this is dubious anyway because it eats - file descriptors. It is better to log to a pipe or a fifo and - arrange for the process at the other end to distribute the logs - to the customers (it can also accumulate statistics, etc.).</p> + <p>The main disadvantage is that you cannot have a different log file for + each virtual host; however, if you have many virtual hosts, doing + this can be a bad idea anyway, because of the number of file + descriptors needed. It is better to log to a pipe or a fifo, and arrange for + the process at the other end to distribute the logs to the customers. + (This can also be used to accumulate statistics, etc.).</p> </section> @@ -102,49 +93,48 @@ NameVirtualHost 111.22.33.44<br /> <p>A virtual host is defined by two pieces of information: its IP address, and the contents of the <code>Host:</code> header in the HTTP request. The dynamic mass virtual hosting technique - is based on automatically inserting this information into the + used here is based on automatically inserting this information into the pathname of the file that is used to satisfy the request. This - is done most easily using <module>mod_vhost_alias</module>, - but if you are using a version of Apache up to 1.3.6 then you - must use <module>mod_rewrite</module>. + can be most easily done by using <module>mod_vhost_alias</module> + with Apache 2.0. Alternatively, <module>mod_rewrite</module> can be used. Both of these modules are disabled by default; you must enable one of them when configuring and building Apache if you want to use this technique.</p> <p>A couple of things need to be `faked' to make the dynamic virtual host look like a normal one. The most important is the - server name which is used by Apache to generate - self-referential URLs, etc. It is configured with the + server name, which is used by Apache to generate + self-referential URLs etc. It is configured with the <code>ServerName</code> directive, and it is available to CGIs via the <code>SERVER_NAME</code> environment variable. The actual value used at run time is controlled by the <directive module="core">UseCanonicalName</directive> - setting. With <code>UseCanonicalName Off</code> the server name - comes from the contents of the <code>Host:</code> header in the - request. With <code>UseCanonicalName DNS</code> it comes from a + setting. With <code>UseCanonicalName Off</code>, the server name + is taken from the contents of the <code>Host:</code> header in the + request. With <code>UseCanonicalName DNS</code>, it is taken from a reverse DNS lookup of the virtual host's IP address. The former setting is used for name-based dynamic virtual hosting, and the latter is used for IP-based hosting. If Apache cannot work out - the server name because there is no <code>Host:</code> header - or the DNS lookup fails then the value configured with + the server name because there is no <code>Host:</code> header, + or the DNS lookup fails, then the value configured with <code>ServerName</code> is used instead.</p> <p>The other thing to `fake' is the document root (configured with <code>DocumentRoot</code> and available to CGIs via the <code>DOCUMENT_ROOT</code> environment variable). In a normal - configuration this setting is used by the core module when + configuration, this is used by the core module when mapping URIs to filenames, but when the server is configured to - do dynamic virtual hosting that job is taken over by another + do dynamic virtual hosting, that job must be taken over by another module (either <code>mod_vhost_alias</code> or - <code>mod_rewrite</code>) which has a different way of doing + <code>mod_rewrite</code>), which has a different way of doing the mapping. Neither of these modules is responsible for setting the <code>DOCUMENT_ROOT</code> environment variable so - if any CGIs or SSI documents make use of it they will get a + if any CGIs or SSI documents make use of it, they will get a misleading value.</p> </section> -<section id="simple"><title>Simple dynamic virtual hosts</title> +<section id="simple"><title>Simple Dynamic Virtual Hosts</title> <p>This extract from <code>httpd.conf</code> implements the virtual host arrangement outlined in the <a @@ -172,12 +162,12 @@ VirtualScriptAlias /www/hosts/%0/cgi-bin </section> -<section id="homepages"><title>A virtually hosted homepages system</title> +<section id="homepages"><title>A Virtually Hosted Homepages System</title> - <p>This is an adjustment of the above system tailored for an + <p>This is an adjustment of the above system, tailored for an ISP's homepages server. Using a slightly more complicated - configuration we can select substrings of the server name to - use in the filename so that e.g. the documents for + configuration, we can select substrings of the server name to + use in the filename so that, for example, the documents for <code>www.user.isp.com</code> are found in <code>/home/user/</code>. It uses a single <code>cgi-bin</code> directory instead of one per virtual host.</p> @@ -198,15 +188,15 @@ ScriptAlias /cgi-bin/ /www/std-cgi/<br /> </section> -<section id="combinations"><title>Using more than - one virtual hosting system on the same server</title> +<section id="combinations"><title>Using Multiple Virtual + Hosting Systems on the Same Server</title> - <p>With more complicated setups you can use Apache's normal + <p>With more complicated setups, you can use Apache's normal <code><VirtualHost></code> directives to control the scope of the various virtual hosting configurations. For - example, you could have one IP address for homepages customers - and another for commercial customers with the following setup. - This can of course be combined with conventional + example, you could have one IP address for general customers' homepages, + and another for commercial customers, with the following setup. + This can, of course, be combined with conventional <code><VirtualHost></code> configuration sections.</p> <example> @@ -253,16 +243,15 @@ LogFormat "%V %h %l %u %t \"%r\" %s %b" vcommon<br /> </section> -<section id="ipbased"><title>More efficient IP-based virtual hosting</title> +<section id="ipbased"><title>More Efficient IP-Based Virtual Hosting</title> - <p>After <a href="#simple">the first example</a> I noted that - it is easy to turn it into an IP-based virtual hosting setup. - Unfortunately that configuration is not very efficient because - it requires a DNS lookup for every request. This can be avoided - by laying out the filesystem according to the IP addresses - themselves rather than the corresponding names and changing the - logging similarly. Apache will then usually not need to work - out the server name and so incur a DNS lookup.</p> + <p>The configuration changes suggested to turn <a href="#simple">the first + example</a> into an IP-based virtual hosting setup result in + a rather inefficient setup. A new DNS lookup is required for every + request. To avoid this overhead, the filesystem can be arranged to + correspond to the IP addresses, instead of to the host names, thereby + negating the need for a DNS lookup. Logging will also have to be adjusted + to fit this system.</p> <example> # get the server name from the reverse DNS of the IP address<br /> @@ -279,45 +268,20 @@ VirtualScriptAliasIP /www/hosts/%0/cgi-bin<br /> </section> -<section id="oldversion"><title>Using older versions of Apache</title> - - <p>The examples above rely on <code>mod_vhost_alias</code> - which appeared after version 1.3.6. If you are using a version - of Apache without <code>mod_vhost_alias</code> then you can - implement this technique with <code>mod_rewrite</code> as - illustrated below, but only for Host:-header-based virtual - hosts.</p> - - <p>In addition there are some things to beware of with logging. - Apache 1.3.6 is the first version to include the - <code>%V</code> log format directive; in versions 1.3.0 - 1.3.3 - the <code>%v</code> option did what <code>%V</code> does; - version 1.3.4 has no equivalent. In all these versions of - Apache the <code>UseCanonicalName</code> directive can appear - in <code>.htaccess</code> files which means that customers can - cause the wrong thing to be logged. Therefore the best thing to - do is use the <code>%{Host}i</code> directive which logs the - <code>Host:</code> header directly; note that this may include - <code>:port</code> on the end which is not the case for - <code>%V</code>.</p> - -</section> - -<section id="simple.rewrite"><title>Simple dynamic - virtual hosts using <code>mod_rewrite</code></title> +<section id="simple.rewrite"><title>Simple Dynamic + Virtual Hosts Using <module>mod_rewrite</module></title> <p>This extract from <code>httpd.conf</code> does the same thing as <a href="#simple">the first example</a>. The first - half is very similar to the corresponding part above but with - some changes for backward compatibility and to make the + half is very similar to the corresponding part above, except for + some changes, required for backward compatibility and to make the <code>mod_rewrite</code> part work properly; the second half configures <code>mod_rewrite</code> to do the actual work.</p> - <p>There are a couple of especially tricky bits: By default, - <code>mod_rewrite</code> runs before the other URI translation - modules (<code>mod_alias</code> etc.) so if they are used then - <code>mod_rewrite</code> must be configured to accommodate - them. Also, some magic must be performed to do a + <p>There are a couple of especially tricky bits: by default, + <code>mod_rewrite</code> runs before other URI translation + modules (<code>mod_alias</code> etc.) - so if you wish to use these modules, <code>mod_rewrite</code> must be configured to accommodate + them. Also, some magic is required to do a per-dynamic-virtual-host equivalent of <code>ScriptAlias</code>.</p> @@ -362,7 +326,7 @@ RewriteRule ^/(.*)$ /www/hosts/${lowercase:%{SERVER_NAME}}/cgi-bin/$1 [T=appl </section> <section id="homepages.rewrite"><title>A - homepages system using <code>mod_rewrite</code></title> + Homepages System Using <code>mod_rewrite</code></title> <p>This does the same thing as <a href="#homepages">the second example</a>.</p> @@ -391,15 +355,15 @@ ScriptAlias /cgi-bin/ /www/std-cgi/ </section> -<section id="xtra-conf"><title>Using a separate virtual - host configuration file</title> +<section id="xtra-conf"><title>Using a Separate Virtual + Host Configuration File</title> - <p>This arrangement uses more advanced <code>mod_rewrite</code> - features to get the translation from virtual host to document - root from a separate configuration file. This provides more - flexibility but requires more complicated configuration.</p> + <p>This arrangement uses more advanced <module>mod_rewrite</module> + features to work out the translation from virtual host to document + root, from a separate configuration file. This provides more + flexibility, but requires more complicated configuration.</p> - <p>The <code>vhost.map</code> file contains something like + <p>The <code>vhost.map</code> file should look something like this:</p> <example> @@ -409,7 +373,7 @@ www.customer-2.com /www/customers/2<br /> www.customer-N.com /www/customers/N<br /> </example> - <p>The <code>http.conf</code> contains this:</p> + <p>The <code>httpd.conf</code> should contain the following:</p> <example> RewriteEngine on<br /> |