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authorAstrid Malo <kess@apache.org>2002-10-04 15:04:27 +0000
committerAstrid Malo <kess@apache.org>2002-10-04 15:04:27 +0000
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-<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN"
- "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
-
-<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
- <head>
- <meta name="generator" content="HTML Tidy, see www.w3.org" />
-
- <title>Apache IP-based Virtual Host Support</title>
- </head>
- <!-- Background white, links blue (unvisited), navy (visited), red (active) -->
-
- <body bgcolor="#FFFFFF" text="#000000" link="#0000FF"
- vlink="#000080" alink="#FF0000">
- <!--#include virtual="header.html" -->
-
- <h1 align="center">Apache IP-based Virtual Host Support</h1>
- <strong>See also:</strong> <a href="name-based.html">Name-based
- Virtual Hosts Support</a>
- <hr />
-
- <h2>System requirements</h2>
- As the term <cite>IP-based</cite> indicates, the server
- <strong>must have a different IP address for each IP-based
- virtual host</strong>. This can be achieved by the machine
- having several physical network connections, or by use of
- virtual interfaces which are supported by most modern operating
- systems (see system documentation for details, these are
- frequently called "ip aliases", and the "ifconfig" command is
- most commonly used to set them up).
-
- <h2>How to set up Apache</h2>
- There are two ways of configuring apache to support multiple
- hosts. Either by running a separate httpd daemon for each
- hostname, or by running a single daemon which supports all the
- virtual hosts.
-
- <p>Use multiple daemons when:</p>
-
- <ul>
- <li>There are security partitioning issues, such as company1
- does not want anyone at company2 to be able to read their
- data except via the web. In this case you would need two
- daemons, each running with different <a
- href="../mod/mpm_common.html#user">User</a>, <a
- href="../mod/mpm_common.html#group">Group</a>, <a
- href="../mod/mpm_common.html#listen">Listen</a>, and <a
- href="../mod/core.html#serverroot">ServerRoot</a>
- settings.</li>
-
- <li>You can afford the memory and <a
- href="../misc/descriptors.html">file descriptor
- requirements</a> of listening to every IP alias on the
- machine. It's only possible to <a
- href="../mod/mpm_common.html#listen">Listen</a> to the "wildcard"
- address, or to specific addresses. So if you have a need to
- listen to a specific address for whatever reason, then you
- will need to listen to all specific addresses. (Although one
- httpd could listen to N-1 of the addresses, and another could
- listen to the remaining address.)</li>
- </ul>
- Use a single daemon when:
-
- <ul>
- <li>Sharing of the httpd configuration between virtual hosts
- is acceptable.</li>
-
- <li>The machine services a large number of requests, and so
- the performance loss in running separate daemons may be
- significant.</li>
- </ul>
-
- <h2>Setting up multiple daemons</h2>
- Create a separate httpd installation for each virtual host. For
- each installation, use the <a
- href="../mod/mpm_common.html#listen">Listen</a> directive in the
- configuration file to select which IP address (or virtual host)
- that daemon services. e.g.
-<pre>
- Listen www.smallco.com:80
-</pre>
- It is recommended that you use an IP address instead of a
- hostname (see <a href="../dns-caveats.html">DNS caveats</a>).
-
- <h2>Setting up a single daemon with virtual hosts</h2>
- For this case, a single httpd will service requests for the
- main server and all the virtual hosts. The <a
- href="../mod/core.html#virtualhost">VirtualHost</a> directive
- in the configuration file is used to set the values of <a
- href="../mod/core.html#serveradmin">ServerAdmin</a>, <a
- href="../mod/core.html#servername">ServerName</a>, <a
- href="../mod/core.html#documentroot">DocumentRoot</a>, <a
- href="../mod/core.html#errorlog">ErrorLog</a> and <a
- href="../mod/mod_log_config.html#transferlog">TransferLog</a>
- or <a href="../mod/mod_log_config.html#customlog">CustomLog</a>
- configuration directives to different values for each virtual
- host. e.g.
-<pre>
- &lt;VirtualHost www.smallco.com&gt;
- ServerAdmin webmaster@mail.smallco.com
- DocumentRoot /groups/smallco/www
- ServerName www.smallco.com
- ErrorLog /groups/smallco/logs/error_log
- TransferLog /groups/smallco/logs/access_log
- &lt;/VirtualHost&gt;
-
- &lt;VirtualHost www.baygroup.org&gt;
- ServerAdmin webmaster@mail.baygroup.org
- DocumentRoot /groups/baygroup/www
- ServerName www.baygroup.org
- ErrorLog /groups/baygroup/logs/error_log
- TransferLog /groups/baygroup/logs/access_log
- &lt;/VirtualHost&gt;
-</pre>
- It is recommended that you use an IP address instead of a
- hostname (see <a href="../dns-caveats.html">DNS caveats</a>).
-
- <p>Almost <strong>any</strong> configuration directive can be
- put in the VirtualHost directive, with the exception of
- directives that control process creation and a few other
- directives. To find out if a directive can be used in the
- VirtualHost directive, check the <a
- href="../mod/directive-dict.html#Context">Context</a> using the
- <a href="../mod/directives.html">directive index</a>.</p>
-
- <p><a href="../mod/mpm_common.html#user">User</a> and <a
- href="../mod/mpm_common.html#group">Group</a> may be used inside a
- VirtualHost directive if the <a href="../suexec.html">suEXEC
- wrapper</a> is used.</p>
-
- <p><em>SECURITY:</em> When specifying where to write log files,
- be aware of some security risks which are present if anyone
- other than the user that starts Apache has write access to the
- directory where they are written. See the <a
- href="../misc/security_tips.html">security tips</a> document
- for details.</p>
- <!--#include virtual="footer.html" -->
- </body>
-</html>
-