#!/usr/bin/perl # Bootstrap Samba and run a number of tests against it. # Copyright (C) 2005-2007 Jelmer Vernooij # Published under the GNU GPL, v3 or later. package Samba; use strict; use target::Samba3; use target::Samba4; use POSIX; use Cwd qw(abs_path); sub new($$$$$) { my ($classname, $bindir, $ldap, $srcdir, $server_maxtime) = @_; my $self = { samba3 => new Samba3($bindir, $srcdir, $server_maxtime), samba4 => new Samba4($bindir, $ldap, $srcdir, $server_maxtime), }; bless $self; return $self; } %Samba::ENV_DEPS = (%Samba3::ENV_DEPS, %Samba4::ENV_DEPS); our %ENV_DEPS; %Samba::ENV_DEPS_POST = (%Samba3::ENV_DEPS_POST, %Samba4::ENV_DEPS_POST); our %ENV_DEPS_POST; %Samba::ENV_TARGETS = ( (map { $_ => "Samba3" } keys %Samba3::ENV_DEPS), (map { $_ => "Samba4" } keys %Samba4::ENV_DEPS), ); our %ENV_TARGETS; %Samba::ENV_NEEDS_AD_DC = ( (map { $_ => 1 } keys %Samba4::ENV_DEPS) ); our %ENV_NEEDS_AD_DC; foreach my $env (keys %Samba3::ENV_DEPS) { $ENV_NEEDS_AD_DC{$env} = ($env =~ /^ad_/); } sub setup_env($$$) { my ($self, $envname, $path) = @_; my $targetname = $ENV_TARGETS{$envname}; if (not defined($targetname)) { warn("Samba can't provide environment '$envname'"); return "UNKNOWN"; } my %targetlookup = ( "Samba3" => $self->{samba3}, "Samba4" => $self->{samba4} ); my $target = $targetlookup{$targetname}; if (defined($target->{vars}->{$envname})) { return $target->{vars}->{$envname}; } $target->{vars}->{$envname} = ""; my @dep_vars; foreach(@{$ENV_DEPS{$envname}}) { my $vars = $self->setup_env($_, $path); if (defined($vars)) { push(@dep_vars, $vars); } else { warn("Failed setting up $_ as a dependency of $envname"); return undef; } } $ENV{ENVNAME} = $envname; # Avoid hitting system krb5.conf - # An env that needs Kerberos will reset this to the real value. $ENV{KRB5_CONFIG} = "$path/no_krb5.conf"; my $setup_name = $ENV_TARGETS{$envname}."::setup_".$envname; my $setup_sub = \&$setup_name; my $env = &$setup_sub($target, "$path/$envname", @dep_vars); if (not defined($env)) { warn("failed to start up environment '$envname'"); return undef; } $target->{vars}->{$envname} = $env; $target->{vars}->{$envname}->{target} = $target; foreach(@{$ENV_DEPS_POST{$envname}}) { my $vars = $self->setup_env($_, $path); if (not defined($vars)) { return undef; } } return $env; } sub bindir_path($$) { my ($object, $path) = @_; my $valpath = "$object->{bindir}/$path"; my $python_cmd = ""; my $result = $path; if (defined $ENV{'PYTHON'}) { $python_cmd = $ENV{'PYTHON'} . " "; } if (-f $valpath or -d $valpath) { $result = $valpath; } # make sure we prepend samba-tool with calling $PYTHON python version if ($path eq "samba-tool") { $result = $python_cmd . $result; } return $result; } sub nss_wrapper_winbind_so_path($) { my ($object) = @_; my $ret = $ENV{NSS_WRAPPER_WINBIND_SO_PATH}; if (not defined($ret)) { $ret = bindir_path($object, "shared/libnss_wrapper_winbind.so.2"); $ret = abs_path($ret); } return $ret; } sub copy_file_content($$) { my ($in, $out) = @_; open(IN, "${in}") or die("failed to open in[${in}] for reading: $!"); open(OUT, ">${out}") or die("failed to open out[${out}] for writing: $!"); while() { print OUT $_; } close(OUT); close(IN); } sub prepare_keyblobs($) { my ($ctx) = @_; my $cadir = "$ENV{SRCDIR_ABS}/selftest/manage-ca/CA-samba.example.com"; my $cacert = "$cadir/Public/CA-samba.example.com-cert.pem"; my $cacrl_pem = "$cadir/Public/CA-samba.example.com-crl.pem"; my $dcdnsname = "$ctx->{hostname}.$ctx->{dnsname}"; my $dcdir = "$cadir/DCs/$dcdnsname"; my $dccert = "$dcdir/DC-$dcdnsname-cert.pem"; my $dckey_private = "$dcdir/DC-$dcdnsname-private-key.pem"; my $adminprincipalname = "administrator\@$ctx->{dnsname}"; my $admindir = "$cadir/Users/$adminprincipalname"; my $admincert = "$admindir/USER-$adminprincipalname-cert.pem"; my $adminkey_private = "$admindir/USER-$adminprincipalname-private-key.pem"; my $pkinitprincipalname = "pkinit\@$ctx->{dnsname}"; my $pkinitdir = "$cadir/Users/$pkinitprincipalname"; my $pkinitcert = "$pkinitdir/USER-$pkinitprincipalname-cert.pem"; my $pkinitkey_private = "$pkinitdir/USER-$pkinitprincipalname-private-key.pem"; my $tlsdir = "$ctx->{tlsdir}"; my $pkinitdir = "$ctx->{prefix_abs}/pkinit"; #TLS and PKINIT crypto blobs my $dhfile = "$tlsdir/dhparms.pem"; my $cafile = "$tlsdir/ca.pem"; my $crlfile = "$tlsdir/crl.pem"; my $certfile = "$tlsdir/cert.pem"; my $keyfile = "$tlsdir/key.pem"; my $admincertfile = "$pkinitdir/USER-$adminprincipalname-cert.pem"; my $adminkeyfile = "$pkinitdir/USER-$adminprincipalname-private-key.pem"; my $pkinitcertfile = "$pkinitdir/USER-$pkinitprincipalname-cert.pem"; my $pkinitkeyfile = "$pkinitdir/USER-$pkinitprincipalname-private-key.pem"; mkdir($tlsdir, 0700); mkdir($pkinitdir, 0700); my $oldumask = umask; umask 0077; # This is specified here to avoid draining entropy on every run # generate by # openssl dhparam -out dhparms.pem -text -2 8192 open(DHFILE, ">$dhfile"); print DHFILE <$ctx->{krb5_conf}")) { warn("can't open $ctx->{krb5_conf}$?"); return undef; } my $our_realms_stanza = mk_realms_stanza($ctx->{realm}, $ctx->{dnsname}, $ctx->{domain}, $ctx->{kdc_ipv4}); print KRB5CONF " #Generated krb5.conf for $ctx->{realm} [libdefaults] default_realm = $ctx->{realm} dns_lookup_realm = false dns_lookup_kdc = true ticket_lifetime = 24h forwardable = yes allow_weak_crypto = yes # We are running on the same machine, do not correct # system clock differences kdc_timesync = 0 "; if (defined($ENV{MITKRB5})) { print KRB5CONF " # Set the grace clocskew to 5 seconds # This is especially required by samba3.raw.session krb5 and # reauth tests when not using Heimdal clockskew = 5 "; } if (defined($ctx->{krb5_ccname})) { print KRB5CONF " default_ccache_name = $ctx->{krb5_ccname} "; } if (defined($ctx->{supported_enctypes})) { print KRB5CONF " default_etypes = $ctx->{supported_enctypes} default_as_etypes = $ctx->{supported_enctypes} default_tgs_enctypes = $ctx->{supported_enctypes} default_tkt_enctypes = $ctx->{supported_enctypes} permitted_enctypes = $ctx->{supported_enctypes} "; } print KRB5CONF " [realms] $our_realms_stanza "; if (defined($ctx->{tlsdir})) { print KRB5CONF " [appdefaults] pkinit_anchors = FILE:$ctx->{tlsdir}/ca.pem [kdc] enable-pkinit = true pkinit_identity = FILE:$ctx->{tlsdir}/kdc.pem,$ctx->{tlsdir}/key.pem pkinit_anchors = FILE:$ctx->{tlsdir}/ca.pem "; } close(KRB5CONF); } sub mk_realms_stanza($$$$) { my ($realm, $dnsname, $domain, $kdc_ipv4) = @_; my $lc_domain = lc($domain); my $realms_stanza = " $realm = { kdc = $kdc_ipv4:88 admin_server = $kdc_ipv4:88 default_domain = $dnsname } $dnsname = { kdc = $kdc_ipv4:88 admin_server = $kdc_ipv4:88 default_domain = $dnsname } $domain = { kdc = $kdc_ipv4:88 admin_server = $kdc_ipv4:88 default_domain = $dnsname } $lc_domain = { kdc = $kdc_ipv4:88 admin_server = $kdc_ipv4:88 default_domain = $dnsname } "; return $realms_stanza; } sub mk_mitkdc_conf($$) { # samba_kdb_dir is the path to mit_samba.so my ($ctx, $samba_kdb_dir) = @_; unless (open(KDCCONF, ">$ctx->{mitkdc_conf}")) { warn("can't open $ctx->{mitkdc_conf}$?"); return undef; } print KDCCONF " # Generated kdc.conf for $ctx->{realm} [kdcdefaults] kdc_ports = 88 kdc_tcp_ports = 88 [realms] $ctx->{realm} = { } $ctx->{dnsname} = { } $ctx->{domain} = { } [dbmodules] db_module_dir = $samba_kdb_dir $ctx->{realm} = { db_library = samba } $ctx->{dnsname} = { db_library = samba } $ctx->{domain} = { db_library = samba } [logging] kdc = FILE:$ctx->{logdir}/mit_kdc.log "; close(KDCCONF); } sub realm_to_ip_mappings { # this maps the DNS realms for the various testenvs to the corresponding # PDC (i.e. the first DC created for that realm). my %realm_to_pdc_mapping = ( 'adnonssdom.samba.example.com' => 'addc_no_nss', 'adnontlmdom.samba.example.com' => 'addc_no_ntlm', 'samba2000.example.com' => 'dc5', 'samba2003.example.com' => 'dc6', 'samba2008r2.example.com' => 'dc7', 'addom.samba.example.com' => 'addc', 'sub.samba.example.com' => 'localsubdc', 'chgdcpassword.samba.example.com' => 'chgdcpass', 'backupdom.samba.example.com' => 'backupfromdc', 'renamedom.samba.example.com' => 'renamedc', 'labdom.samba.example.com' => 'labdc', 'schema.samba.example.com' => 'liveupgrade1dc', 'samba.example.com' => 'localdc', ); my @mapping = (); # convert the hashmap to a list of key=value strings, where key is the # realm and value is the IP address while (my ($realm, $pdc) = each(%realm_to_pdc_mapping)) { my $ipaddr = get_ipv4_addr($pdc); push(@mapping, "$realm=$ipaddr"); } # return the mapping as a single comma-separated string return join(',', @mapping); } sub get_interface($) { my ($netbiosname) = @_; $netbiosname = lc($netbiosname); # this maps the SOCKET_WRAPPER_DEFAULT_IFACE value for each possible # testenv to the DC's NETBIOS name. This value also corresponds to last # digit of the DC's IP address. Note that the NETBIOS name may differ from # the testenv name. # Note that when adding a DC with a new realm, also update # get_realm_ip_mappings() above. my %testenv_iface_mapping = ( localnt4dc2 => 3, localnt4member3 => 4, localshare4 => 5, # 6 is spare localktest6 => 7, maptoguest => 8, localnt4dc9 => 9, # 10 is spare # 11-16 are used by selftest.pl for the client.conf. Most tests only # use the first .11 IP. However, some tests (like winsreplication) rely # on the client having multiple IPs. client => 11, addc_no_nss => 17, addc_no_ntlm => 18, idmapadmember => 19, idmapridmember => 20, localdc => 21, localvampiredc => 22, s4member => 23, localrpcproxy => 24, dc5 => 25, dc6 => 26, dc7 => 27, rodc => 28, localadmember => 29, addc => 30, localsubdc => 31, chgdcpass => 32, promotedvdc => 33, rfc2307member => 34, fileserver => 35, fakednsforwarder1 => 36, fakednsforwarder2 => 37, s4member_dflt => 38, vampire2000dc => 39, backupfromdc => 40, restoredc => 41, renamedc => 42, labdc => 43, offlinebackupdc => 44, customdc => 45, prockilldc => 46, proclimitdc => 47, liveupgrade1dc => 48, liveupgrade2dc => 49, rootdnsforwarder => 64, # Note: that you also need to update dns_hub.py when adding a new # multi-DC testenv # update lib/socket_wrapper/socket_wrapper.c # #define MAX_WRAPPED_INTERFACES 64 # if you wish to have more than 64 interfaces ); if (not defined($testenv_iface_mapping{$netbiosname})) { die(); } return $testenv_iface_mapping{$netbiosname}; } sub get_ipv4_addr { my ($hostname, $iface_num) = @_; my $swiface = Samba::get_interface($hostname); # Handle testenvs with multiple different addresses, i.e. IP multihoming. # Currently only the selftest client has multiple IPv4 addresses. if (defined($iface_num)) { $swiface += $iface_num; } if (use_namespaces()) { # use real IPs if selftest is running in its own network namespace return "10.0.0.$swiface"; } else { # use loopback IPs with socket-wrapper return "127.0.0.$swiface"; } } sub get_ipv6_addr { (my $hostname) = @_; my $swiface = Samba::get_interface($hostname); return sprintf("fd00:0000:0000:0000:0000:0000:5357:5f%02x", $swiface); } # returns the 'interfaces' setting for smb.conf, i.e. the IPv4/IPv6 # addresses for testenv sub get_interfaces_config { my ($hostname, $num_ips) = @_; my $interfaces = ""; # We give the client.conf multiple different IPv4 addresses. # All other testenvs generally just have one IPv4 address. if (! defined($num_ips)) { $num_ips = 1; } for (my $i = 0; $i < $num_ips; $i++) { my $ipv4_addr = Samba::get_ipv4_addr($hostname, $i); if (use_namespaces()) { # use a /24 subnet with network namespaces $interfaces .= "$ipv4_addr/24 "; } else { $interfaces .= "$ipv4_addr/8 "; } } my $ipv6_addr = Samba::get_ipv6_addr($hostname); $interfaces .= "$ipv6_addr/64"; return $interfaces; } sub cleanup_child($$) { my ($pid, $name) = @_; if (!defined($pid)) { print STDERR "cleanup_child: pid not defined ... not calling waitpid\n"; return -1; } my $childpid = waitpid($pid, WNOHANG); if ($childpid == 0) { } elsif ($childpid < 0) { printf STDERR "%s child process %d isn't here any more\n", $name, $pid; return $childpid; } elsif ($? & 127) { printf STDERR "%s child process %d, died with signal %d, %s coredump\n", $name, $childpid, ($? & 127), ($? & 128) ? 'with' : 'without'; } else { printf STDERR "%s child process %d exited with value %d\n", $name, $childpid, $? >> 8; } return $childpid; } sub random_domain_sid() { my $domain_sid = "S-1-5-21-". int(rand(4294967295)) . "-" . int(rand(4294967295)) . "-" . int(rand(4294967295)); return $domain_sid; } # sets the environment variables ready for running a given process sub set_env_for_process { my ($proc_name, $env_vars, $proc_envs) = @_; if (not defined($proc_envs)) { $proc_envs = get_env_for_process($proc_name, $env_vars); } foreach my $key (keys %{ $proc_envs }) { $ENV{$key} = $proc_envs->{$key}; } } sub get_env_for_process { my ($proc_name, $env_vars) = @_; my $proc_envs = { KRB5_CONFIG => $env_vars->{KRB5_CONFIG}, KRB5CCNAME => "$env_vars->{KRB5_CCACHE}.$proc_name", SELFTEST_WINBINDD_SOCKET_DIR => $env_vars->{SELFTEST_WINBINDD_SOCKET_DIR}, NMBD_SOCKET_DIR => $env_vars->{NMBD_SOCKET_DIR}, NSS_WRAPPER_PASSWD => $env_vars->{NSS_WRAPPER_PASSWD}, NSS_WRAPPER_GROUP => $env_vars->{NSS_WRAPPER_GROUP}, NSS_WRAPPER_HOSTS => $env_vars->{NSS_WRAPPER_HOSTS}, NSS_WRAPPER_HOSTNAME => $env_vars->{NSS_WRAPPER_HOSTNAME}, NSS_WRAPPER_MODULE_SO_PATH => $env_vars->{NSS_WRAPPER_MODULE_SO_PATH}, NSS_WRAPPER_MODULE_FN_PREFIX => $env_vars->{NSS_WRAPPER_MODULE_FN_PREFIX}, UID_WRAPPER_ROOT => "1", ENVNAME => "$ENV{ENVNAME}.$proc_name", }; if (defined($env_vars->{RESOLV_WRAPPER_CONF})) { $proc_envs->{RESOLV_WRAPPER_CONF} = $env_vars->{RESOLV_WRAPPER_CONF}; } else { $proc_envs->{RESOLV_WRAPPER_HOSTS} = $env_vars->{RESOLV_WRAPPER_HOSTS}; } return $proc_envs; } sub fork_and_exec { my ($self, $env_vars, $daemon_ctx, $STDIN_READER) = @_; unlink($daemon_ctx->{LOG_FILE}); print "STARTING $daemon_ctx->{NAME} for $ENV{ENVNAME}..."; my $parent_pid = $$; my $pid = fork(); # exec the daemon in the child process if ($pid == 0) { my @preargs = (); # redirect the daemon's stdout/stderr to a log file if (defined($daemon_ctx->{TEE_STDOUT})) { # in some cases, we want out from samba to go to the log file, # but also to the users terminal when running 'make test' on the # command line. This puts it on stderr on the terminal open STDOUT, "| tee $daemon_ctx->{LOG_FILE} 1>&2"; } else { open STDOUT, ">$daemon_ctx->{LOG_FILE}"; } open STDERR, '>&STDOUT'; SocketWrapper::set_default_iface($env_vars->{SOCKET_WRAPPER_DEFAULT_IFACE}); if (defined($daemon_ctx->{PCAP_FILE})) { SocketWrapper::setup_pcap($daemon_ctx->{PCAP_FILE}); } # setup ENV variables in the child process set_env_for_process($daemon_ctx->{NAME}, $env_vars, $daemon_ctx->{ENV_VARS}); # not all s3 daemons run in all testenvs (e.g. fileserver doesn't # run winbindd). In which case, the child process just sleeps if (defined($daemon_ctx->{SKIP_DAEMON})) { $SIG{USR1} = $SIG{ALRM} = $SIG{INT} = $SIG{QUIT} = $SIG{TERM} = sub { my $signame = shift; print("Skip $daemon_ctx->{NAME} received signal $signame"); exit 0; }; sleep($self->{server_maxtime}); exit 0; } $ENV{MAKE_TEST_BINARY} = $daemon_ctx->{BINARY_PATH}; # we close the child's write-end of the pipe and redirect the read-end # to its stdin. That way the daemon will receive an EOF on stdin when # parent selftest process closes its write-end. close($env_vars->{STDIN_PIPE}); open STDIN, ">&", $STDIN_READER or die "can't dup STDIN_READER to STDIN: $!"; # if using kernel namespaces, prepend the command so the process runs in # its own namespace if (Samba::use_namespaces()) { @preargs = ns_exec_preargs($parent_pid, $env_vars); } # the command args are stored as an array reference (because...Perl), # so convert the reference back to an array my @full_cmd = @{ $daemon_ctx->{FULL_CMD} }; exec(@preargs, @full_cmd) or die("Unable to start $ENV{MAKE_TEST_BINARY}: $!"); } print "DONE ($pid)\n"; # if using kernel namespaces, we now establish a connection between the # main selftest namespace (i.e. this process) and the new child namespace if (use_namespaces()) { ns_child_forked($pid, $env_vars); } return $pid; } my @exported_envvars = ( # domain stuff "DOMAIN", "DNSNAME", "REALM", "DOMSID", # stuff related to a trusted domain "TRUST_SERVER", "TRUST_USERNAME", "TRUST_PASSWORD", "TRUST_DOMAIN", "TRUST_REALM", "TRUST_DOMSID", # domain controller stuff "DC_SERVER", "DC_SERVER_IP", "DC_SERVER_IPV6", "DC_NETBIOSNAME", "DC_NETBIOSALIAS", # server stuff "SERVER", "SERVER_IP", "SERVER_IPV6", "NETBIOSNAME", "NETBIOSALIAS", "SAMSID", # only use these 2 as a last resort. Some tests need to test both client- # side and server-side. In this case, run as default client, ans access # server's smb.conf as needed, typically using: # param.LoadParm(filename_for_non_global_lp=os.environ['SERVERCONFFILE']) "SERVERCONFFILE", "DC_SERVERCONFFILE", # user stuff "USERNAME", "USERID", "PASSWORD", "DC_USERNAME", "DC_PASSWORD", # UID/GID for rfc2307 mapping tests "UID_RFC2307TEST", "GID_RFC2307TEST", # misc stuff "KRB5_CONFIG", "KRB5CCNAME", "SELFTEST_WINBINDD_SOCKET_DIR", "NMBD_SOCKET_DIR", "LOCAL_PATH", "DNS_FORWARDER1", "DNS_FORWARDER2", "RESOLV_CONF", "UNACCEPTABLE_PASSWORD", "LOCK_DIR", "SMBD_TEST_LOG", # nss_wrapper "NSS_WRAPPER_PASSWD", "NSS_WRAPPER_GROUP", "NSS_WRAPPER_HOSTS", "NSS_WRAPPER_HOSTNAME", "NSS_WRAPPER_MODULE_SO_PATH", "NSS_WRAPPER_MODULE_FN_PREFIX", # resolv_wrapper "RESOLV_WRAPPER_CONF", "RESOLV_WRAPPER_HOSTS", ); sub exported_envvars_str { my ($testenv_vars) = @_; my $out = ""; foreach (@exported_envvars) { next unless defined($testenv_vars->{$_}); $out .= $_."=".$testenv_vars->{$_}."\n"; } return $out; } sub clear_exported_envvars { foreach (@exported_envvars) { delete $ENV{$_}; } } sub export_envvars { my ($testenv_vars) = @_; foreach (@exported_envvars) { if (defined($testenv_vars->{$_})) { $ENV{$_} = $testenv_vars->{$_}; } else { delete $ENV{$_}; } } } sub export_envvars_to_file { my ($filepath, $testenv_vars) = @_; my $env_str = exported_envvars_str($testenv_vars); open(FILE, "> $filepath"); print FILE "$env_str"; close(FILE); } # Returns true if kernel namespaces are being used instead of socket-wrapper. # The default is false. sub use_namespaces { return defined($ENV{USE_NAMESPACES}); } # returns a given testenv's interface-name (only when USE_NAMESPACES=1) sub ns_interface_name { my ($hostname) = @_; # when using namespaces, each testenv has its own vethX interface, # where X = Samba::get_interface(testenv_name) my $iface = get_interface($hostname); return "veth$iface"; } # Called after a new child namespace has been forked sub ns_child_forked { my ($child_pid, $env_vars) = @_; # we only need to do this for the first child forked for this testenv if (defined($env_vars->{NS_PID})) { return; } # store the child PID. It's the only way the main (selftest) namespace can # access the new child (testenv) namespace. $env_vars->{NS_PID} = $child_pid; # Add the new child namespace's interface to the main selftest bridge. # This connects together the various testenvs so that selftest can talk to # them all my $iface = ns_interface_name($env_vars->{NETBIOSNAME}); system "$ENV{SRCDIR}/selftest/ns/add_bridge_iface.sh $iface-br selftest0"; } # returns args to prepend to a command in order to execute it the correct # namespace for the testenv (creating a new namespace if needed). # This should only used when USE_NAMESPACES=1 is set. sub ns_exec_preargs { my ($parent_pid, $env_vars) = @_; # NS_PID stores the pid of the first child daemon run in this namespace if (defined($env_vars->{NS_PID})) { # the namespace has already been created previously. So we use nsenter # to execute the command in the given testenv's namespace. We need to # use the NS_PID to identify this particular namespace return ("nsenter", "-t", "$env_vars->{NS_PID}", "--net"); } else { # We need to create a new namespace for this daemon (i.e. we're # setting up a new testenv). First, write the environment variables to # an exports.sh file for this testenv (for convenient access by the # namespace scripts). my $exports_file = "$env_vars->{TESTENV_DIR}/exports.sh"; export_envvars_to_file($exports_file, $env_vars); # when using namespaces, each testenv has its own veth interface my $interface = ns_interface_name($env_vars->{NETBIOSNAME}); # we use unshare to create a new network namespace. The start_in_ns.sh # helper script gets run first to setup the new namespace's interfaces. # (This all gets prepended around the actual command to run in the new # namespace) return ("unshare", "--net", "$ENV{SRCDIR}/selftest/ns/start_in_ns.sh", $interface, $exports_file, $parent_pid); } } 1;