#include <mbgl/util/tile_cover.hpp>
#include <mbgl/util/constants.hpp>
#include <mbgl/util/interpolate.hpp>
#include <mbgl/map/transform_state.hpp>
#include <mbgl/util/tile_cover_impl.hpp>
#include <mbgl/util/tile_coordinate.hpp>
#include <mbgl/math/log2.hpp>

#include <functional>
#include <list>

namespace mbgl {

namespace {

using ScanLine = const std::function<void(int32_t x0, int32_t x1, int32_t y)>;

// Taken from polymaps src/Layer.js
// https://github.com/simplegeo/polymaps/blob/master/src/Layer.js#L333-L383
struct edge {
    double x0 = 0, y0 = 0;
    double x1 = 0, y1 = 0;
    double dx = 0, dy = 0;

    edge(Point<double> a, Point<double> b) {
        if (a.y > b.y) std::swap(a, b);
        x0 = a.x;
        y0 = a.y;
        x1 = b.x;
        y1 = b.y;
        dx = b.x - a.x;
        dy = b.y - a.y;
    }
};

// scan-line conversion
static void scanSpans(edge e0, edge e1, int32_t ymin, int32_t ymax, ScanLine scanLine) {
    double y0 = ::fmax(ymin, std::floor(e1.y0));
    double y1 = ::fmin(ymax, std::ceil(e1.y1));

    // sort edges by x-coordinate
    if ((e0.x0 == e1.x0 && e0.y0 == e1.y0) ?
        (e0.x0 + e1.dy / e0.dy * e0.dx < e1.x1) :
        (e0.x1 - e1.dy / e0.dy * e0.dx < e1.x0)) {
        std::swap(e0, e1);
    }

    // scan lines!
    double m0 = e0.dx / e0.dy;
    double m1 = e1.dx / e1.dy;
    double d0 = e0.dx > 0; // use y + 1 to compute x0
    double d1 = e1.dx < 0; // use y + 1 to compute x1
    for (int32_t y = y0; y < y1; y++) {
        double x0 = m0 * ::fmax(0, ::fmin(e0.dy, y + d0 - e0.y0)) + e0.x0;
        double x1 = m1 * ::fmax(0, ::fmin(e1.dy, y + d1 - e1.y0)) + e1.x0;
        scanLine(std::floor(x1), std::ceil(x0), y);
    }
}

// scan-line conversion
static void scanTriangle(const Point<double>& a, const Point<double>& b, const Point<double>& c, int32_t ymin, int32_t ymax, ScanLine& scanLine) {
    edge ab = edge(a, b);
    edge bc = edge(b, c);
    edge ca = edge(c, a);

    // sort edges by y-length
    if (ab.dy > bc.dy) { std::swap(ab, bc); }
    if (ab.dy > ca.dy) { std::swap(ab, ca); }
    if (bc.dy > ca.dy) { std::swap(bc, ca); }

    // scan span! scan span!
    if (ab.dy) scanSpans(ca, ab, ymin, ymax, scanLine);
    if (bc.dy) scanSpans(ca, bc, ymin, ymax, scanLine);
}

} // namespace

namespace util {

namespace {

std::vector<UnwrappedTileID> tileCover(const Point<double>& tl,
                                       const Point<double>& tr,
                                       const Point<double>& br,
                                       const Point<double>& bl,
                                       const Point<double>& c,
                                       int32_t z) {
    const int32_t tiles = 1 << z;

    struct ID {
        int32_t x, y;
        double sqDist;
    };

    std::vector<ID> t;

    auto scanLine = [&](int32_t x0, int32_t x1, int32_t y) {
        int32_t x;
        if (y >= 0 && y <= tiles) {
            for (x = x0; x < x1; ++x) {
                const auto dx = x + 0.5 - c.x, dy = y + 0.5 - c.y;
                t.emplace_back(ID{ x, y, dx * dx + dy * dy });
            }
        }
    };

    // Divide the screen up in two triangles and scan each of them:
    // \---+
    // | \ |
    // +---\.
    scanTriangle(tl, tr, br, 0, tiles, scanLine);
    scanTriangle(br, bl, tl, 0, tiles, scanLine);

    // Sort first by distance, then by x/y.
    std::sort(t.begin(), t.end(), [](const ID& a, const ID& b) {
        return std::tie(a.sqDist, a.x, a.y) < std::tie(b.sqDist, b.x, b.y);
    });

    // Erase duplicate tile IDs (they typically occur at the common side of both triangles).
    t.erase(std::unique(t.begin(), t.end(), [](const ID& a, const ID& b) {
                return a.x == b.x && a.y == b.y;
            }), t.end());

    std::vector<UnwrappedTileID> result;
    for (const auto& id : t) {
        result.emplace_back(z, id.x, id.y);
    }
    return result;
}

} // namespace

int32_t coveringZoomLevel(double zoom, style::SourceType type, uint16_t size) {
    zoom += util::log2(util::tileSize / size);
    if (type == style::SourceType::Raster || type == style::SourceType::Video) {
        return ::round(zoom);
    } else {
        return std::floor(zoom);
    }
}

std::vector<UnwrappedTileID> tileCover(const LatLngBounds& bounds_, int32_t z) {
    if (bounds_.isEmpty() ||
        bounds_.south() >  util::LATITUDE_MAX ||
        bounds_.north() < -util::LATITUDE_MAX) {
        return {};
    }

    LatLngBounds bounds = LatLngBounds::hull(
        { std::max(bounds_.south(), -util::LATITUDE_MAX), bounds_.west() },
        { std::min(bounds_.north(),  util::LATITUDE_MAX), bounds_.east() });

    return tileCover(
        Projection::project(bounds.northwest(), z),
        Projection::project(bounds.northeast(), z),
        Projection::project(bounds.southeast(), z),
        Projection::project(bounds.southwest(), z),
        Projection::project(bounds.center(), z),
        z);
}

std::vector<UnwrappedTileID> tileCover(const TransformState& state, int32_t z) {
    assert(state.valid());

    const double w = state.getSize().width;
    const double h = state.getSize().height;
    return tileCover(
        TileCoordinate::fromScreenCoordinate(state, z, { 0,   0   }).p,
        TileCoordinate::fromScreenCoordinate(state, z, { w,   0   }).p,
        TileCoordinate::fromScreenCoordinate(state, z, { w,   h   }).p,
        TileCoordinate::fromScreenCoordinate(state, z, { 0,   h   }).p,
        TileCoordinate::fromScreenCoordinate(state, z, { w/2, h/2 }).p,
        z);
}

std::vector<UnwrappedTileID> tileCoverWithLOD(const TransformState& state, int32_t z, int32_t minZ) {
    assert(state.valid());

    const double w = state.getSize().width;
    const double h = state.getSize().height;

    const auto offset = state.getCenterOffset();
    constexpr double zoomDiff = 1.0;
    // Explanation on 0.55: mathematically, it is 0.5 used in calculation of
    // the next LOD. 0.55 is chosen to avoid using LOD for less than 60 degrees
    // pitch.
    constexpr double coefLOD[] = {
       0.55 * zoomDiff / (zoomDiff + 1),
       0.55 * (zoomDiff + 1) / (zoomDiff + 2),
       0.55 * (zoomDiff + 2) / (zoomDiff + 3)
    };
    // Tangens of field of view above center.
    const double tanFov = (h * 0.5 + offset.y) / (1.5 * h);

    std::vector<UnwrappedTileID> result;
    double top = 0.0;
    double bottom = 0.0;

    for (size_t i = 0; top < h && i <= std::extent<decltype(coefLOD)>::value; i++, z--) {
        if (z == minZ || i == std::extent<decltype(coefLOD)>::value) {
            top = h; // final pass, get all to the top.
        } else {
            const double treshold = state.getPitch() ?  : (h * 0.5 + offset.y);
            top = std::min(h, treshold );
            top = state.getPitch()
                ? std::min(h, h * 0.5 - offset.y + h * coefLOD[i] / (tanFov * std::tan(state.getPitch())))
                : h;
        }
        std::vector<UnwrappedTileID> cover = tileCover(
            TileCoordinate::fromScreenCoordinate(state, z, { 0,   top }).p,
            TileCoordinate::fromScreenCoordinate(state, z, { w,   top }).p,
            TileCoordinate::fromScreenCoordinate(state, z, { w,   bottom }).p,
            TileCoordinate::fromScreenCoordinate(state, z, { 0,   bottom }).p,
            TileCoordinate::fromScreenCoordinate(state, z, { w/2, h/2 }).p,
            z);
        bottom = top;
        if (i == 0) {
            if (top == h) {
                return cover;
            }
            std::swap(result, cover);
            continue;
        }
        result.insert(
            result.end(),
            std::make_move_iterator(cover.begin()),
            std::make_move_iterator(cover.end()));
    }
    return result;
}

std::vector<UnwrappedTileID> tileCover(const Geometry<double>& geometry, int32_t z) {
    std::vector<UnwrappedTileID> result;
    TileCover tc(geometry, z, true);
    while (tc.hasNext()) {
        result.push_back(*tc.next());
    };

    return result;
}

// Taken from https://github.com/mapbox/sphericalmercator#xyzbbox-zoom-tms_style-srs
// Computes the projected tiles for the lower left and upper right points of the bounds
// and uses that to compute the tile cover count
uint64_t tileCount(const LatLngBounds& bounds, uint8_t zoom){
    if (zoom == 0) {
        return 1;
    }
    auto sw = Projection::project(bounds.southwest(), zoom);
    auto ne = Projection::project(bounds.northeast(), zoom);
    auto maxTile = std::pow(2.0, zoom);
    auto x1 = floor(sw.x);
    auto x2 = ceil(ne.x) - 1;
    auto y1 = util::clamp(floor(sw.y), 0.0, maxTile - 1);
    auto y2 = util::clamp(floor(ne.y), 0.0, maxTile - 1);

    auto dx = x1 > x2 ? (maxTile - x1) + x2 : x2 - x1;
    auto dy = y1 - y2;
    return (dx + 1) * (dy + 1);
}

uint64_t tileCount(const Geometry<double>& geometry, uint8_t z) {
    uint64_t tileCount = 0;

    TileCover tc(geometry, z, true);
    while (tc.next()) {
        tileCount++;
    };
    return tileCount;
}

TileCover::TileCover(const LatLngBounds&bounds_, int32_t z) {
    LatLngBounds bounds = LatLngBounds::hull(
        { std::max(bounds_.south(), -util::LATITUDE_MAX), bounds_.west() },
        { std::min(bounds_.north(),  util::LATITUDE_MAX), bounds_.east() });

    if (bounds.isEmpty() ||
        bounds.south() >  util::LATITUDE_MAX ||
        bounds.north() < -util::LATITUDE_MAX) {
        bounds = LatLngBounds::world();
    }

    auto sw = Projection::project(bounds.southwest(), z);
    auto ne = Projection::project(bounds.northeast(), z);
    auto se = Projection::project(bounds.southeast(), z);
    auto nw = Projection::project(bounds.northwest(), z);

    Polygon<double> p({ {sw, nw, ne, se, sw} });
    impl = std::make_unique<TileCover::Impl>(z, p, false);
}

TileCover::TileCover(const Geometry<double>& geom, int32_t z, bool project/* = true*/)
 : impl( std::make_unique<TileCover::Impl>(z, geom, project)) {
}

TileCover::~TileCover() = default;

optional<UnwrappedTileID> TileCover::next() {
    return impl->next();
}

bool TileCover::hasNext() {
    return impl->hasNext();
}

} // namespace util
} // namespace mbgl