SQLite allows column types that aren't technically understood in sqlite
by using 'data affinity', which is an algorithm for converting column
types in to some sort of useful type that can be stored and retrieved
from the db. Unfortunatly, this breaks reflection since we (previously)
expected a sqlite db to reflect column types that we permit in the
`ischema_names` for that dialect.

This patch changes the logic for 'unknown' column types during
reflection to instead run through SQLite's data affinity algorithm, and
assigns appropriate types from that.

It also expands the matching for column type to include column types
with spaces (strongly discouraged but allowed by sqlite) and also
completely empty column types (in which case the NullType is assigned,
which sqlite will treat as a Blob - or rather, Blob is treated as
NullType). These changes mean that SQLite will never raise an error for
an unknown type during reflection - there will always be some 'useful'
type returned, which follows the spirit of SQLite (accomodation before
sanity!).

into the names used by standard functions in :mod:`sqlalchemy.sql.functions`,
such as ``func.coalesce()`` and ``func.max()``.  Using these functions
in ORM attributes and thus producing annotated versions of them could
corrupt the actual function name rendered in the SQL. [ticket:2927]

for the control is a TypeError for the row, as is raised on py3k when
less/greater operators are used on incompatible types

would lead to ``TypeError`` when compared to non-tuple types as it attempted
to apply tuple() to the "other" object unconditionally.  The
full range of Python comparison operators have now been implemented on
:class:`.RowProxy`, using an approach that guarantees a comparison
system that is equivalent to that of a tuple, and the "other" object
is only coerced if it's an instance of RowProxy. [ticket:2924]

:class:`.Query` and in other situations where selects or joins
were aliased (such as joined table inheritance) could fail if a
user-defined :class:`.Column` subclass were used in the expression.
In this case, the subclass would fail to propagate ORM-specific
"annotations" along needed by the adaptation.  The "expression
annotations" system has been corrected to account for this case.
[ticket:2918]

target of :paramref:`.relationship.secondary` for the purposes
of creating very complex :func:`.relationship` join conditions.
The change includes adjustments to query joining, joined eager loading
to not render a SELECT subquery, changes to lazy loading such that
the "secondary" target is properly included in the SELECT, and
changes to declarative to better support specification of a
join() object with classes as targets.

where a more specific type is adapted to a more generic one - this
use case is needed by some third party tools such as ``sqlacodegen``.
The specific cases that needed repair within this test suite were that
of :class:`.mysql.ENUM` being downcast into a :class:`.types.Enum`,
and that of SQLite date types being cast into generic date types.
The ``adapt()`` method needed to become more specific here to counteract
the removal of a "catch all" ``**kwargs`` collection on the base
:class:`.TypeEngine` class that was removed in 0.9. [ticket:2917]

MySQL, to correctly render the SET clause among multiple columns
with the same name across tables.  This also changes the name used for
the bound parameter in the SET clause to "<tablename>_<colname>" for
the non-primary table only; as this parameter is typically specified
using the :class:`.Column` object directly this should not have an
impact on applications.   The fix takes effect for both
:meth:`.Table.update` as well as :meth:`.Query.update` in the ORM.
[ticket:2912]