such as :meth:`.Query.union` now handle the case where the embedded
SELECT statements need to be parenthesized due to the fact that they
include LIMIT, OFFSET and/or ORDER BY.   These queries **do not work
on SQLite**, and will fail on that backend as they did before, but
should now work on all other backends.
fixes #2528

to function for a many-to-one relationship.  The loader used an
API to place "None" into the dictionary which no longer actually
writes a value; this is a side effect of :ticket:`3061`.
- remove InstanceState._initialize() totally, it's used nowhere
else and no longer does what it says it does
- fill in fowards-port version ids throughout the changes for 1.0.9

or other variable-length column type with unbounded length
by assigning the token ``"max"`` to the
length attribute of the string.   While using the ``"max"`` token
explicitly is supported by the SQL Server dialect, it isn't part
of the normal contract of the base string types, and instead the
length should just be left as None.   The dialect now assigns the
length to None on reflection of the type so that the type behaves
normally in other contexts.
fixes #3504

options and USING of :ticket:`3455` released in 1.0.6,
to disable the feature for Postgresql versions < 8.2 where the
``reloptions`` column is not provided; this allows Amazon Redshift
to again work as it is based on an 8.0.x version of Postgresql.
Fix courtesy Pete Hollobon.
references #3455

may be called against a stale connection without the "connect"
event handler having been called, in the case where the pool
attempted to reconnect after being invalidated and failed; the stale
connection would remain present and would be used on a subsequent
attempt.  This issue has a greater impact in the 1.0 series subsequent
to 1.0.2, as it also delivers a blanked-out ``.info`` dictionary to
the event handler; prior to 1.0.2 the ``.info`` dictionary is still
the previous one.
fixes #3497

didn't implement ``__slots__``, and therefore meant all subclasses
of that class didn't either, negating the rationale for ``__slots__``
to be in use.  Didn't cause any issue except on IronPython
which apparently does not implement ``__slots__`` behavior compatibly
with cPython.
Fixes #3494

- test for .cast() method has no good place now except for
test_cast in test_compiler.py

by the ORM :class:`.Query` object (part of the performance
enhancements of :ticket:`3175`) would not raise the "this result
does not return rows" exception in the case where the driver
(typically MySQL) fails to generate cursor.description correctly;
an AttributeError against NoneType would be raised instead.
fixes #3481