Fixed bug where the :meth:`_engine.Connection.scalars` method was not typed
as allowing a multiple-parameters list, which is now supported using
insertmanyvalues operations.

Change-Id: I65e22c3bee80fc226d484ff1424421dd78520fa5

Add separate 1.4.24 and 1.4.26 version notes for the .scalars method;
this covers Session, scoped_session, AsyncSession, async_scoped_session
as the "scoped" versions did not have the method added until 1.4.26
as part of :ticket:`7103`.

Also indicate scoped_session as ``sqlalchemy.orm.scoped_session`` in
docs rather than ``sqlalchemy.orm.scoping.scoped_session``.  This is
also happening in I77da54891860095edcb1f0625ead99fee89bd76f separately,
as both changesets refer to scoped_session without using ".scoping".

References: #7103
Closes: #9371
Pull-request: https://github.com/sqlalchemy/sqlalchemy/pull/9371
Pull-request-sha: 61132230cc6e897ab61beff25d98b19a4c0aefd0

Change-Id: I84c8b1aad752db124cfee6bc8516f6eed7ba2faf

Remove ``typing.Self`` workaround, now using :pep:`673` for most methods
that return ``Self``. Pull request courtesy Yurii Karabas.

Fixes: #9254
Closes: #9255
Pull-request: https://github.com/sqlalchemy/sqlalchemy/pull/9255
Pull-request-sha: 2947df8ada79f5c3afe9c838e65993302199c2f7

Change-Id: Ic32015ad52e95a61f3913d43ea436aa9402804df

### Description
<!-- Describe your changes in detail -->

Fixes #9168

This PR replaces common occurrences of [PEP 585](https://peps.python.org/pep-0585/) style type annotations with annotations compatible with older versions of Python.

I searched for instances of the following supported types from the PEP and replaced with their legacy typing couterparts.

* tuple # typing.Tuple
* list # typing.List
* dict # typing.Dict
* set # typing.Set
* frozenset # typing.FrozenSet
* type # typing.Type

```
grep -r "list\[.*\]" ./build --exclude-dir="./build/venv/*" --exclude-dir="./build/output/*" --exclude="changelog_[0-9]*\.rst"
```

I excluded changelog files from being altered, I think some of these could be changed if necessary but others are likely to require manual checking as the change may target the new typing style specifically.

For any examples that included imports, I tried to ensure that the correct typing imports were included and properly ordered.

### Checklist
<!-- go over following points. check them with an `x` if they do apply, (they turn into clickable checkboxes once the PR is submitted, so no need to do everything at once)

-->

This pull request is:

- [x] A documentation / typographical error fix
	- Good to go, no issue or tests are needed
- [ ] A short code fix
	- please include the issue number, and create an issue if none exists, which
	  must include a complete example of the issue.  one line code fixes without an
	  issue and demonstration will not be accepted.
	- Please include: `Fixes: #<issue number>` in the commit message
	- please include tests.   one line code fixes without tests will not be accepted.
- [ ] A new feature implementation
	- please include the issue number, and create an issue if none exists, which must
	  include a complete example of how the feature would look.
	- Please include: `Fixes: #<issue number>` in the commit message
	- please include tests.

Closes: #9198
Pull-request: https://github.com/sqlalchemy/sqlalchemy/pull/9198
Pull-request-sha: 05ad4651b57c6275b29433e5e76e166344ba6c4c

Change-Id: I41b93b3dee85f9fe00cfbb3d3eb011212795de29

Change-Id: I625af65b3fb1815b1af17dc2ef47dd697fdc3fb1

* illustrate patterns where the async_sessionmaker is being reused.
  if you are not reusing it, there is no point to making it
* fix reference to async_sessionmaker
* add typing

Change-Id: I22a260132b6e06574b5fe37af554829e38163de6

Removed non-functional method ``merge`` from :class:`_asyncio.AsyncResult`.
This method was non-functional and non-testes since the first introduction
of asyncio in SQLAlchemy.

Fixes: #7158
Fixes: #8952
Change-Id: Ibc3d17be8a8b7cab9bf2074f0408f74b4c4b161d

Improved the typing for :class:`.sessionmaker` and
:class:`.asyncsessionmaker`, so that the default type of their return value
will be :class:`.Session` or :class:`.AsyncSession`, without the need to
type this explicitly. Previously, Mypy would not automaticaly infer these
return types from its generic base.

As part of this change, arguments for :class:`.Session`,
:class:`.AsyncSession`, :class:`.sessionmaker` and
:class:`.asyncsessionmaker` beyond the initial "bind" argument have been
made keyword-only, which includes parameters that have always been
documented as keyword arguments, such as :paramref:`.Session.autoflush`,
:paramref:`.Session.class_`, etc.

Pull request courtesy Sam Bull.

Closes: #8842
Pull-request: https://github.com/sqlalchemy/sqlalchemy/pull/8842
Pull-request-sha: fa6d1a8468e98b40e12f82ed7ddaddc1fde060ac

Change-Id: Iaaabc4572a87489d61617d970f62b9b50db4fac7

This change contains new features for 2.0 only as well as some
behaviors that will be backported to 1.4.

For 1.4 and 2.0:

Fixed issue where the underlying DBAPI cursor would not be closed when
using :class:`_orm.Query` with :meth:`_orm.Query.yield_per` and direct
iteration, if a user-defined exception case were raised within the
iteration process, interrupting the iterator. This would lead to the usual
MySQL-related issues with server side cursors out of sync.

For 1.4 only:

A similar scenario can occur when using :term:`2.x` executions with direct
use of :class:`.Result`, in that case the end-user code has access to the
:class:`.Result` itself and should call :meth:`.Result.close` directly.
Version 2.0 will feature context-manager calling patterns to address this
use case.  However within the 1.4 scope, ensured that ``.close()`` methods
are available on all :class:`.Result` implementations including
:class:`.ScalarResult`, :class:`.MappingResult`.

For 2.0 only:

To better support the use case of iterating :class:`.Result` and
:class:`.AsyncResult` objects where user-defined exceptions may interrupt
the iteration, both objects as well as variants such as
:class:`.ScalarResult`, :class:`.MappingResult`,
:class:`.AsyncScalarResult`, :class:`.AsyncMappingResult` now support
context manager usage, where the result will be closed at the end of
iteration.

Corrected various typing issues within the engine and async engine
packages.

Fixes: #8710
Change-Id: I3166328bfd3900957eb33cbf1061d0495c9df670