We had an infinite loop in sapi_cli_server_send_headers(): while iterating over
the linked list of headers, when an empty header was hit, continue would go to
the next iteration of the loop without updating h to be the next value in the
linked list. Updating it to always increment regardless of whether the header
is actually valid or not fixes the issue.

Implements FR #67429 (CLI server is missing some new HTTP response codes).

Fixes bug #65633 (built-in server treat some http headers as case-sensitive).

This previously used a buggy implementation of binary search that would loop
infinitely for unknown codes when searching in reason arrays of particular
sizes (such as the one we have at the moment). Since C provides bsearch(),
we'll just use that instead, since libc authors hopefully get this right.

There was also an additional bug that was masked by the first one: the design
was that an unknown code would result in get_status_string() returning NULL,
which would then result in a segfault in append_http_status_line(), since it
assumed that it would always receive a valid string pointer that could be
handed off to smart_str_appends_ex(). We'll now return a placeholder in that
case.

Fixes bug #65066 (Cli server not responsive when responding with 422 http
status code).