/* Copyright (c) 2002, 2011, Oracle and/or its affiliates. Copyright (c) 2010, 2021, MariaDB This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the Free Software Foundation; version 2 of the License. This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License for more details. You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1335 USA */ /* Derived tables These were introduced by Sinisa */ #include "mariadb.h" /* NO_EMBEDDED_ACCESS_CHECKS */ #include "sql_priv.h" #include "unireg.h" #include "sql_select.h" #include "derived_handler.h" #include "sql_base.h" #include "sql_view.h" // check_duplicate_names #include "sql_acl.h" // SELECT_ACL #include "sql_class.h" #include "sql_derived.h" #include "sql_cte.h" #include "my_json_writer.h" #include "opt_trace.h" typedef bool (*dt_processor)(THD *thd, LEX *lex, TABLE_LIST *derived); static bool mysql_derived_init(THD *thd, LEX *lex, TABLE_LIST *derived); static bool mysql_derived_prepare(THD *thd, LEX *lex, TABLE_LIST *derived); static bool mysql_derived_optimize(THD *thd, LEX *lex, TABLE_LIST *derived); static bool mysql_derived_merge(THD *thd, LEX *lex, TABLE_LIST *derived); static bool mysql_derived_create(THD *thd, LEX *lex, TABLE_LIST *derived); static bool mysql_derived_fill(THD *thd, LEX *lex, TABLE_LIST *derived); static bool mysql_derived_reinit(THD *thd, LEX *lex, TABLE_LIST *derived); static bool mysql_derived_merge_for_insert(THD *thd, LEX *lex, TABLE_LIST *derived); dt_processor processors[]= { &mysql_derived_init, &mysql_derived_prepare, &mysql_derived_optimize, &mysql_derived_merge, &mysql_derived_merge_for_insert, &mysql_derived_create, &mysql_derived_fill, &mysql_derived_reinit, }; /* Run specified phases on all derived tables/views in given LEX. @param lex LEX for this thread @param phases phases to run derived tables/views through @return FALSE OK @return TRUE Error */ bool mysql_handle_derived(LEX *lex, uint phases) { bool res= FALSE; DBUG_ENTER("mysql_handle_derived"); DBUG_PRINT("enter", ("phases: 0x%x", phases)); if (!lex->derived_tables) DBUG_RETURN(FALSE); lex->thd->derived_tables_processing= TRUE; for (uint phase= 0; phase < DT_PHASES && !res; phase++) { uint phase_flag= DT_INIT << phase; if (phase_flag > phases) break; if (!(phases & phase_flag)) continue; for (SELECT_LEX *sl= lex->all_selects_list; sl && !res; sl= sl->next_select_in_list()) { TABLE_LIST *cursor= sl->get_table_list(); sl->changed_elements|= TOUCHED_SEL_DERIVED; /* DT_MERGE_FOR_INSERT is not needed for views/derived tables inside subqueries. Views and derived tables of subqueries should be processed normally. */ if (phases == DT_MERGE_FOR_INSERT && cursor && (cursor->top_table()->select_lex != lex->first_select_lex())) continue; for (; cursor && !res; cursor= cursor->next_local) { if (!cursor->is_view_or_derived() && phases == DT_MERGE_FOR_INSERT) continue; uint8 allowed_phases= (cursor->is_merged_derived() ? DT_PHASES_MERGE : DT_PHASES_MATERIALIZE | DT_MERGE_FOR_INSERT); /* Skip derived tables to which the phase isn't applicable. TODO: mark derived at the parse time, later set it's type (merged or materialized) */ if ((phase_flag != DT_PREPARE && !(allowed_phases & phase_flag)) || (cursor->merged_for_insert && phase_flag != DT_REINIT && phase_flag != DT_PREPARE)) continue; res= (*processors[phase])(lex->thd, lex, cursor); } if (lex->describe) { /* Force join->join_tmp creation, because we will use this JOIN twice for EXPLAIN and we have to have unchanged join for EXPLAINing */ sl->uncacheable|= UNCACHEABLE_EXPLAIN; sl->master_unit()->uncacheable|= UNCACHEABLE_EXPLAIN; } } } lex->thd->derived_tables_processing= FALSE; DBUG_RETURN(res); } /* Run through phases for the given derived table/view. @param lex LEX for this thread @param derived the derived table to handle @param phase_map phases to process tables/views through @details This function process the derived table (view) 'derived' to performs all actions that are to be done on the table at the phases specified by phase_map. The processing is carried out starting from the actions performed at the earlier phases (those having smaller ordinal numbers). @note This function runs specified phases of the derived tables handling on the given derived table/view. This function is used in the chain of calls: SELECT_LEX::handle_derived -> TABLE_LIST::handle_derived -> mysql_handle_single_derived This chain of calls implements the bottom-up handling of the derived tables: i.e. most inner derived tables/views are handled first. This order is required for the all phases except the merge and the create steps. For the sake of code simplicity this order is kept for all phases. @return FALSE ok @return TRUE error */ bool mysql_handle_single_derived(LEX *lex, TABLE_LIST *derived, uint phases) { bool res= FALSE; uint8 allowed_phases= (derived->is_merged_derived() ? DT_PHASES_MERGE : DT_PHASES_MATERIALIZE); DBUG_ENTER("mysql_handle_single_derived"); DBUG_PRINT("enter", ("phases: 0x%x allowed: 0x%x alias: '%s'", phases, allowed_phases, (derived->alias.str ? derived->alias.str : ""))); if (!lex->derived_tables) DBUG_RETURN(FALSE); if (derived->select_lex) derived->select_lex->changed_elements|= TOUCHED_SEL_DERIVED; else DBUG_ASSERT(derived->prelocking_placeholder); lex->thd->derived_tables_processing= TRUE; for (uint phase= 0; phase < DT_PHASES; phase++) { uint phase_flag= DT_INIT << phase; if (phase_flag > phases) break; if (!(phases & phase_flag)) continue; /* Skip derived tables to which the phase isn't applicable. */ if (phase_flag != DT_PREPARE && !(allowed_phases & phase_flag)) continue; if ((res= (*processors[phase])(lex->thd, lex, derived))) break; } lex->thd->derived_tables_processing= FALSE; DBUG_RETURN(res); } /** Merge a derived table/view into the embedding select @param thd thread handle @param lex LEX of the embedding query. @param derived reference to the derived table. @details This function merges the given derived table / view into the parent select construction. Any derived table/reference to view occurred in the FROM clause of the embedding select is represented by a TABLE_LIST structure a pointer to which is passed to the function as in the parameter 'derived'. This structure contains the number/map, alias, a link to SELECT_LEX of the derived table and other info. If the 'derived' table is used in a nested join then additionally the structure contains a reference to the ON expression for this join. The merge process results in elimination of the derived table (or the reference to a view) such that: - the FROM list of the derived table/view is wrapped into a nested join after which the nest is added to the FROM list of the embedding select - the WHERE condition of the derived table (view) is ANDed with the ON condition attached to the table. @note Tables are merged into the leaf_tables list, original derived table is removed from this list also. SELECT_LEX::table_list list is left untouched. Where expression is merged with derived table's on_expr and can be found after the merge through the SELECT_LEX::table_list. Examples of the derived table/view merge: Schema: Tables: t1(f1), t2(f2), t3(f3) View v1: SELECT f1 FROM t1 WHERE f1 < 1 Example with a view: Before merge: The query (Q1): SELECT f1,f2 FROM t2 LEFT JOIN v1 ON f1 = f2 (LEX of the main query) | (select_lex) | (FROM table list) | (join list)= t2, v1 / \ / (on_expr)= (f1 = f2) | (LEX of the v1 view) | (select_lex)= SELECT f1 FROM t1 WHERE f1 < 1 After merge: The rewritten query Q1 (Q1'): SELECT f1,f2 FROM t2 LEFT JOIN (t1) ON ((f1 = f2) and (f1 < 1)) (LEX of the main query) | (select_lex) | (FROM table list) | (join list)= t2, (t1) \ (on_expr)= (f1 = f2) and (f1 < 1) In this example table numbers are assigned as follows: (outer select): t2 - 1, v1 - 2 (inner select): t1 - 1 After the merge table numbers will be: (outer select): t2 - 1, t1 - 2 Example with a derived table: The query Q2: SELECT f1,f2 FROM (SELECT f1 FROM t1, t3 WHERE f1=f3 and f1 < 1) tt, t2 WHERE f1 = f2 Before merge: (LEX of the main query) | (select_lex) / \ (FROM table list) (WHERE clause)= (f1 = f2) | (join list)= tt, t2 / \ / (on_expr)= (empty) / (select_lex)= SELECT f1 FROM t1, t3 WHERE f1 = f3 and f1 < 1 After merge: The rewritten query Q2 (Q2'): SELECT f1,f2 FROM (t1, t3) JOIN t2 ON (f1 = f3 and f1 < 1) WHERE f1 = f2 (LEX of the main query) | (select_lex) / \ (FROM table list) (WHERE clause)= (f1 = f2) | (join list)= t2, (t1, t3) \ (on_expr)= (f1 = f3 and f1 < 1) In this example table numbers are assigned as follows: (outer select): tt - 1, t2 - 2 (inner select): t1 - 1, t3 - 2 After the merge table numbers will be: (outer select): t1 - 1, t2 - 2, t3 - 3 @return FALSE if derived table/view were successfully merged. @return TRUE if an error occur. */ static bool mysql_derived_merge(THD *thd, LEX *lex, TABLE_LIST *derived) { bool res= FALSE; SELECT_LEX *dt_select= derived->get_single_select(); table_map map; uint tablenr; SELECT_LEX *parent_lex= derived->select_lex; Query_arena *arena, backup; DBUG_ENTER("mysql_derived_merge"); DBUG_PRINT("enter", ("Alias: '%s' Unit: %p", (derived->alias.str ? derived->alias.str : ""), derived->get_unit())); const char *cause= NULL; if (derived->merged) { DBUG_PRINT("info", ("Irreversibly merged: exit")); DBUG_RETURN(FALSE); } if (dt_select->uncacheable & UNCACHEABLE_RAND) { /* There is random function => fall back to materialization. */ cause= "Random function in the select"; if (unlikely(thd->trace_started())) { OPT_TRACE_VIEWS_TRANSFORM(thd, trace_wrapper, trace_derived, derived->is_derived() ? "derived" : "view", derived->alias.str ? derived->alias.str : "", derived->get_unit()->first_select()->select_number, "materialized"); trace_derived.add("cause", cause); } derived->change_refs_to_fields(); derived->set_materialized_derived(); DBUG_RETURN(FALSE); } if (derived->dt_handler) { derived->change_refs_to_fields(); derived->set_materialized_derived(); DBUG_RETURN(FALSE); } arena= thd->activate_stmt_arena_if_needed(&backup); // For easier test if (!derived->merged_for_insert || (derived->is_multitable() && (thd->lex->sql_command == SQLCOM_UPDATE_MULTI || thd->lex->sql_command == SQLCOM_DELETE_MULTI))) { /* Check whether there is enough free bits in table map to merge subquery. If not - materialize it. This check isn't cached so when there is a big and small subqueries, and the bigger one can't be merged it wouldn't block the smaller one. */ if (parent_lex->get_free_table_map(&map, &tablenr) || dt_select->leaf_tables.elements + tablenr > MAX_TABLES) { /* There is no enough table bits, fall back to materialization. */ cause= "Not enough table bits to merge subquery"; goto unconditional_materialization; } if (dt_select->options & OPTION_SCHEMA_TABLE) parent_lex->options |= OPTION_SCHEMA_TABLE; if (!derived->get_unit()->prepared) { dt_select->leaf_tables.empty(); make_leaves_list(thd, dt_select->leaf_tables, derived, TRUE, 0); } derived->nested_join= (NESTED_JOIN*) thd->calloc(sizeof(NESTED_JOIN)); if (!derived->nested_join) { res= TRUE; goto exit_merge; } /* Merge derived table's subquery in the parent select. */ if (parent_lex->merge_subquery(thd, derived, dt_select, tablenr, map)) { res= TRUE; goto exit_merge; } /* exclude select lex so it doesn't show up in explain. do this only for derived table as for views this is already done. From sql_view.cc Add subqueries units to SELECT into which we merging current view. unit(->next)* chain starts with subqueries that are used by this view and continues with subqueries that are used by other views. We must not add any subquery twice (otherwise we'll form a loop), to do this we remember in end_unit the first subquery that has been already added. */ derived->get_unit()->exclude_level(); if (parent_lex->join) parent_lex->join->table_count+= dt_select->join->table_count - 1; } derived->merged= TRUE; if (derived->get_unit()->prepared) { Item *expr= derived->on_expr; expr= and_conds(thd, expr, dt_select->join ? dt_select->join->conds : 0); if (expr) expr->top_level_item(); if (expr && (derived->prep_on_expr || expr != derived->on_expr)) { derived->on_expr= expr; derived->prep_on_expr= expr->copy_andor_structure(thd); } thd->where= "on clause"; if (derived->on_expr && derived->on_expr->fix_fields_if_needed_for_bool(thd, &derived->on_expr)) { res= TRUE; /* purecov: inspected */ goto exit_merge; } // Update used tables cache according to new table map if (derived->on_expr) { derived->on_expr->fix_after_pullout(parent_lex, &derived->on_expr, TRUE); fix_list_after_tbl_changes(parent_lex, &derived->nested_join->join_list); } } exit_merge: if (arena) thd->restore_active_arena(arena, &backup); DBUG_RETURN(res); unconditional_materialization: if (unlikely(thd->trace_started())) { OPT_TRACE_VIEWS_TRANSFORM(thd,trace_wrapper, trace_derived, derived->is_derived() ? "derived" : "view", derived->alias.str ? derived->alias.str : "", derived->get_unit()->first_select()->select_number, "materialized"); trace_derived.add("cause", cause); } derived->change_refs_to_fields(); derived->set_materialized_derived(); if (!derived->table || !derived->table->is_created()) res= mysql_derived_create(thd, lex, derived); goto exit_merge; } /** Merge a view for the embedding INSERT/UPDATE/DELETE @param thd thread handle @param lex LEX of the embedding query. @param derived reference to the derived table. @details This function substitutes the derived table for the first table from the query of the derived table thus making it a correct target table for the INSERT/UPDATE/DELETE statements. As this operation is correct only for single table views only, for multi table views this function does nothing. The derived parameter isn't checked to be a view as derived tables aren't allowed for INSERT/UPDATE/DELETE statements. @return FALSE if derived table/view were successfully merged. @return TRUE if an error occur. */ static bool mysql_derived_merge_for_insert(THD *thd, LEX *lex, TABLE_LIST *derived) { DBUG_ENTER("mysql_derived_merge_for_insert"); DBUG_PRINT("enter", ("Alias: '%s' Unit: %p", (derived->alias.str ? derived->alias.str : ""), derived->get_unit())); DBUG_PRINT("info", ("merged_for_insert: %d is_materialized_derived: %d " "is_multitable: %d single_table_updatable: %d " "merge_underlying_list: %d", derived->merged_for_insert, derived->is_materialized_derived(), derived->is_multitable(), derived->single_table_updatable(), derived->merge_underlying_list != 0)); if (derived->merged_for_insert) DBUG_RETURN(FALSE); if (derived->init_derived(thd, FALSE)) DBUG_RETURN(TRUE); if (derived->is_materialized_derived()) DBUG_RETURN(mysql_derived_prepare(thd, lex, derived)); if ((thd->lex->sql_command == SQLCOM_UPDATE_MULTI || thd->lex->sql_command == SQLCOM_DELETE_MULTI)) DBUG_RETURN(FALSE); if (!derived->is_multitable()) { if (!derived->single_table_updatable()) DBUG_RETURN(derived->create_field_translation(thd)); if (derived->merge_underlying_list) { derived->table= derived->merge_underlying_list->table; derived->schema_table= derived->merge_underlying_list->schema_table; derived->merged_for_insert= TRUE; DBUG_ASSERT(derived->table); } } DBUG_RETURN(FALSE); } /* Initialize a derived table/view @param thd Thread handle @param lex LEX of the embedding query. @param derived reference to the derived table. @detail Fill info about derived table/view without preparing an underlying select. Such as: create a field translation for views, mark it as a multitable if it is and so on. @return false OK true Error */ static bool mysql_derived_init(THD *thd, LEX *lex, TABLE_LIST *derived) { SELECT_LEX_UNIT *unit= derived->get_unit(); DBUG_ENTER("mysql_derived_init"); DBUG_PRINT("enter", ("Alias: '%s' Unit: %p", (derived->alias.str ? derived->alias.str : ""), derived->get_unit())); // Skip already prepared views/DT if (!unit || unit->prepared) DBUG_RETURN(FALSE); bool res= derived->init_derived(thd, TRUE); derived->updatable= derived->updatable && derived->is_view(); DBUG_RETURN(res); } /** @brief Prevent name resolution out of context of ON expressions in derived tables @param join_list list of tables used in from list of a derived @details The function sets the Name_resolution_context::outer_context to NULL for all ON expressions contexts in the given join list. It does this recursively for all nested joins the list contains. */ static void nullify_outer_context_for_on_clauses(List& join_list) { List_iterator li(join_list); while (TABLE_LIST *table= li++) { if (table->on_context) table->on_context->outer_context= NULL; if (table->nested_join) nullify_outer_context_for_on_clauses(table->nested_join->join_list); } } /* Create temporary table structure (but do not fill it) @param thd Thread handle @param lex LEX of the embedding query. @param derived reference to the derived table. @detail Prepare underlying select for a derived table/view. To properly resolve names in the embedding query the TABLE structure is created. Actual table is created later by the mysql_derived_create function. This function is called before any command containing derived table is executed. All types of derived tables are handled by this function: - Anonymous derived tables, or - Named derived tables (aka views). The table reference, contained in @c derived, is updated with the fields of a new temporary table. Derived tables are stored in @c thd->derived_tables and closed by close_thread_tables(). This function is part of the procedure that starts in open_and_lock_tables(), a procedure that - among other things - introduces new table and table reference objects (to represent derived tables) that don't exist in the privilege database. This means that normal privilege checking cannot handle them. Hence this function does some extra tricks in order to bypass normal privilege checking, by exploiting the fact that the current state of privilege verification is attached as GRANT_INFO structures on the relevant TABLE and TABLE_REF objects. For table references, the current state of accrued access is stored inside TABLE_LIST::grant. Hence this function must update the state of fulfilled privileges for the new TABLE_LIST, an operation which is normally performed exclusively by the table and database access checking functions, check_access() and check_grant(), respectively. This modification is done for both views and anonymous derived tables: The @c SELECT privilege is set as fulfilled by the user. However, if a view is referenced and the table reference is queried against directly (see TABLE_LIST::referencing_view), the state of privilege checking (GRANT_INFO struct) is copied as-is to the temporary table. Only the TABLE structure is created here, actual table is created by the mysql_derived_create function. @note This function sets @c SELECT_ACL for @c TEMPTABLE views as well as anonymous derived tables, but this is ok since later access checking will distinguish between them. @see mysql_handle_derived(), mysql_derived_fill(), GRANT_INFO @return false OK true Error */ static bool mysql_derived_prepare(THD *thd, LEX *lex, TABLE_LIST *derived) { SELECT_LEX_UNIT *unit= derived->get_unit(); SELECT_LEX *first_select; bool res= FALSE, keep_row_order, distinct; DBUG_ENTER("mysql_derived_prepare"); DBUG_PRINT("enter", ("unit: %p table_list: %p alias: '%s'", unit, derived, derived->alias.str)); if (!unit) DBUG_RETURN(FALSE); first_select= unit->first_select(); /* If rownum() is used we have to preserve the insert row order to make GROUP BY and ORDER BY with filesort work. SELECT * from (SELECT a,b from t1 ORDER BY a)) WHERE rownum <= 0; When rownum is not used the optimizer will skip the ORDER BY clause. With rownum we have to keep the ORDER BY as this is what is expected. We also have to create any sort result temporary table in such a way that the inserted row order is maintained. */ keep_row_order= (thd->lex->with_rownum && (first_select->group_list.elements || first_select->order_list.elements)); if (derived->is_recursive_with_table() && !derived->is_with_table_recursive_reference() && !derived->with->rec_result && derived->with->get_sq_rec_ref()) { /* This is a non-recursive reference to a recursive CTE whose specification unit has not been prepared at the regular processing of derived table references. This can happen only in the case when the specification unit has no recursive references at the top level. Force the preparation of the specification unit. Use a recursive table reference from a subquery for this. */ DBUG_ASSERT(derived->with->get_sq_rec_ref()); if (unlikely(mysql_derived_prepare(lex->thd, lex, derived->with->get_sq_rec_ref()))) DBUG_RETURN(TRUE); } if (unit->prepared && derived->is_recursive_with_table() && !derived->table) { /* Here 'derived' is either a non-recursive table reference to a recursive with table or a recursive table reference to a recursvive table whose specification has been already prepared (a secondary recursive table reference. */ if (!(derived->derived_result= new (thd->mem_root) select_unit(thd))) DBUG_RETURN(TRUE); // out of memory thd->create_tmp_table_for_derived= TRUE; res= derived->derived_result->create_result_table( thd, &unit->types, FALSE, (first_select->options | thd->variables.option_bits | TMP_TABLE_ALL_COLUMNS), &derived->alias, FALSE, FALSE, keep_row_order, 0); thd->create_tmp_table_for_derived= FALSE; if (likely(!res) && !derived->table) { derived->derived_result->set_unit(unit); derived->table= derived->derived_result->table; if (derived->is_with_table_recursive_reference()) { /* Here 'derived" is a secondary recursive table reference */ unit->with_element->rec_result->rec_table_refs.push_back(derived); } } DBUG_ASSERT(derived->table || res); goto exit; } // Skip already prepared views/DT if (unit->prepared || (derived->merged_for_insert && !(derived->is_multitable() && (thd->lex->sql_command == SQLCOM_UPDATE_MULTI || thd->lex->sql_command == SQLCOM_DELETE_MULTI)))) { /* System versioned tables may still require to get versioning conditions when modifying view (see vers_setup_conds()). Only UPDATE and DELETE are affected because they use WHERE condition. */ if (!unit->prepared && derived->table->versioned() && derived->merge_underlying_list && /* choose only those merged views that do not select from other views */ !derived->merge_underlying_list->merge_underlying_list) { switch (thd->lex->sql_command) { case SQLCOM_DELETE: case SQLCOM_DELETE_MULTI: case SQLCOM_UPDATE: case SQLCOM_UPDATE_MULTI: if ((res= first_select->vers_setup_conds(thd, derived->merge_underlying_list))) goto exit; if (derived->merge_underlying_list->where) { Query_arena_stmt on_stmt_arena(thd); derived->where= and_items(thd, derived->where, derived->merge_underlying_list->where); } default: break; } } DBUG_RETURN(FALSE); } /* prevent name resolving out of derived table */ for (SELECT_LEX *sl= first_select; sl; sl= sl->next_select()) { // Prevent it for the WHERE clause sl->context.outer_context= 0; // And for ON clauses, if there are any nullify_outer_context_for_on_clauses(*sl->join_list); if (!derived->is_with_table_recursive_reference() || (!derived->with->with_anchor && !derived->with->is_with_prepared_anchor())) { /* Prepare underlying views/DT first unless 'derived' is a recursive table reference and either the anchors from the specification of 'derived' has been already prepared or there no anchor in this specification */ if ((res= sl->handle_derived(lex, DT_PREPARE))) goto exit; } if (derived->outer_join && sl->first_cond_optimization) { /* Mark that table is part of OUTER JOIN and fields may be NULL */ for (TABLE_LIST *cursor= (TABLE_LIST*) sl->table_list.first; cursor; cursor= cursor->next_local) cursor->outer_join|= JOIN_TYPE_OUTER; } } if (unlikely(thd->trace_started())) { /* Add to optimizer trace whether a derived table/view is merged into the parent select or not. */ OPT_TRACE_VIEWS_TRANSFORM(thd, trace_wrapper, trace_derived, derived->is_derived() ? "derived" : "view", derived->alias.str ? derived->alias.str : "", derived->get_unit()->first_select()->select_number, derived->is_merged_derived() ? "merged" : "materialized"); } /* Above cascade call of prepare is important for PS protocol, but after it is called we can check if we really need prepare for this derived */ if (derived->merged) { DBUG_PRINT("info", ("Irreversibly merged: exit")); DBUG_RETURN(FALSE); } derived->fill_me= FALSE; if ((!derived->is_with_table_recursive_reference() || !derived->derived_result) && !(derived->derived_result= new (thd->mem_root) select_unit(thd))) DBUG_RETURN(TRUE); // out of memory // st_select_lex_unit::prepare correctly work for single select if ((res= unit->prepare(derived, derived->derived_result, 0))) goto exit; if (derived->with && (res= derived->with->process_columns_of_derived_unit(thd, unit))) goto exit; if ((res= check_duplicate_names(thd, unit->types, 0))) goto exit; /* Check whether we can merge this derived table into main select. Depending on the result field translation will or will not be created. */ if (!derived->is_with_table_recursive_reference() && derived->init_derived(thd, FALSE)) goto exit; /* Temp table is created so that it honors if UNION without ALL is to be processed We pass as 'distinct' parameter in any of the above cases 1) It is an UNION and the last part of an union is distinct (as thus the final temporary table should not contain duplicates). 2) It is not an UNION and the unit->distinct flag is set. This is the case for WHERE A IN (...). Note that the underlying query will also control distinct condition. */ thd->create_tmp_table_for_derived= TRUE; distinct= (unit->first_select()->next_select() ? unit->union_distinct && !unit->union_distinct->next_select() : unit->distinct); if (!(derived->table) && derived->derived_result->create_result_table(thd, &unit->types, distinct, (first_select->options | thd->variables.option_bits | TMP_TABLE_ALL_COLUMNS), &derived->alias, FALSE, FALSE, keep_row_order, 0)) { thd->create_tmp_table_for_derived= FALSE; goto exit; } thd->create_tmp_table_for_derived= FALSE; if (!derived->table) derived->table= derived->derived_result->table; DBUG_ASSERT(derived->table); if (derived->is_derived() && derived->is_merged_derived()) first_select->mark_as_belong_to_derived(derived); derived->dt_handler= derived->find_derived_handler(thd); if (derived->dt_handler) { char query_buff[4096]; String derived_query(query_buff, sizeof(query_buff), thd->charset()); derived_query.length(0); derived->derived->print(&derived_query, enum_query_type(QT_VIEW_INTERNAL | QT_ITEM_ORIGINAL_FUNC_NULLIF | QT_PARSABLE)); if (!thd->make_lex_string(&derived->derived_spec, derived_query.ptr(), derived_query.length())) { delete derived->dt_handler; derived->dt_handler= NULL; } } exit: /* Hide "Unknown column" or "Unknown function" error */ if (derived->view) { if (thd->is_error() && (thd->get_stmt_da()->sql_errno() == ER_BAD_FIELD_ERROR || thd->get_stmt_da()->sql_errno() == ER_FUNC_INEXISTENT_NAME_COLLISION || thd->get_stmt_da()->sql_errno() == ER_SP_DOES_NOT_EXIST)) { thd->clear_error(); my_error(ER_VIEW_INVALID, MYF(0), derived->db.str, derived->table_name.str); } } /* if it is preparation PS only or commands that need only VIEW structure then we do not need real data and we can skip execution (and parameters is not defined, too) */ if (res) { if (!derived->is_with_table_recursive_reference()) { if (derived->table && derived->table->s->tmp_table) free_tmp_table(thd, derived->table); delete derived->derived_result; } } else { TABLE *table= derived->table; table->derived_select_number= first_select->select_number; table->s->tmp_table= INTERNAL_TMP_TABLE; #ifndef NO_EMBEDDED_ACCESS_CHECKS if (derived->is_view()) table->grant= derived->grant; else { DBUG_ASSERT(derived->is_derived()); DBUG_ASSERT(derived->is_anonymous_derived_table()); table->grant.privilege= SELECT_ACL; derived->grant.privilege= SELECT_ACL; } #endif /* Add new temporary table to list of open derived tables */ if (!derived->is_with_table_recursive_reference()) { table->next= thd->derived_tables; thd->derived_tables= table; } /* If table is used by a left join, mark that any column may be null */ if (derived->outer_join) table->maybe_null= 1; } DBUG_RETURN(res); } /** Runs optimize phase for a derived table/view. @param thd thread handle @param lex LEX of the embedding query. @param derived reference to the derived table. @details Runs optimize phase for given 'derived' derived table/view. If optimizer finds out that it's of the type "SELECT a_constant" then this functions also materializes it. @return FALSE ok. @return TRUE if an error occur. */ static bool mysql_derived_optimize(THD *thd, LEX *lex, TABLE_LIST *derived) { SELECT_LEX_UNIT *unit= derived->get_unit(); SELECT_LEX *first_select= unit->first_select(); SELECT_LEX *save_current_select= lex->current_select; bool res= FALSE; DBUG_ENTER("mysql_derived_optimize"); DBUG_PRINT("enter", ("Alias: '%s' Unit: %p", (derived->alias.str ? derived->alias.str : ""), derived->get_unit())); if (derived->merged) { DBUG_PRINT("info", ("Irreversibly merged: exit")); DBUG_RETURN(FALSE); } if (derived->is_materialized_derived() && derived->dt_handler) { /* Create an object for execution of the query specifying the table */ if (!(derived->pushdown_derived= new (thd->mem_root) Pushdown_derived(derived, derived->dt_handler))) DBUG_RETURN(TRUE); } lex->current_select= first_select; if (unit->is_unit_op()) { if (unit->optimized) DBUG_RETURN(FALSE); // optimize union without execution res= unit->optimize(); } else if (unit->derived) { if (!derived->is_merged_derived()) { JOIN *join= first_select->join; unit->set_limit(unit->global_parameters()); if (join && join->optimization_state == JOIN::OPTIMIZATION_PHASE_1_DONE && join->with_two_phase_optimization) { if (unit->optimized_2) DBUG_RETURN(FALSE); unit->optimized_2= TRUE; } else { if (unit->optimized) DBUG_RETURN(FALSE); unit->optimized= TRUE; if (!join) { /* This happens when derived is used in SELECT for which zer_result_cause != 0. In this case join is already destroyed. */ DBUG_RETURN(FALSE); } } if ((res= join->optimize())) goto err; if (join->table_count == join->const_tables) derived->fill_me= TRUE; } } /* Materialize derived tables/views of the "SELECT a_constant" type. Such tables should be materialized at the optimization phase for correct constant evaluation. */ if (!res && derived->fill_me && !derived->merged_for_insert) { if (derived->is_merged_derived()) { derived->change_refs_to_fields(); derived->set_materialized_derived(); } if ((res= mysql_derived_create(thd, lex, derived))) goto err; if ((res= mysql_derived_fill(thd, lex, derived))) goto err; } err: lex->current_select= save_current_select; DBUG_RETURN(res); } /** Actually create result table for a materialized derived table/view. @param thd thread handle @param lex LEX of the embedding query. @param derived reference to the derived table. @details This function actually creates the result table for given 'derived' table/view, but it doesn't fill it. 'thd' and 'lex' parameters are not used by this function. @return FALSE ok. @return TRUE if an error occur. */ static bool mysql_derived_create(THD *thd, LEX *lex, TABLE_LIST *derived) { DBUG_ENTER("mysql_derived_create"); DBUG_PRINT("enter", ("Alias: '%s' Unit: %p", (derived->alias.str ? derived->alias.str : ""), derived->get_unit())); TABLE *table= derived->table; SELECT_LEX_UNIT *unit= derived->get_unit(); if (table->is_created()) DBUG_RETURN(FALSE); select_unit *result= derived->derived_result; if (table->s->db_type() == TMP_ENGINE_HTON) { result->tmp_table_param.keyinfo= table->s->key_info; if (create_internal_tmp_table(table, result->tmp_table_param.keyinfo, result->tmp_table_param.start_recinfo, &result->tmp_table_param.recinfo, (unit->first_select()->options | thd->variables.option_bits | TMP_TABLE_ALL_COLUMNS))) DBUG_RETURN(TRUE); } if (open_tmp_table(table)) DBUG_RETURN(TRUE); table->file->extra(HA_EXTRA_WRITE_CACHE); table->file->extra(HA_EXTRA_IGNORE_DUP_KEY); DBUG_RETURN(FALSE); } void TABLE_LIST::register_as_derived_with_rec_ref(With_element *rec_elem) { rec_elem->derived_with_rec_ref.link_in_list(this, &this->next_with_rec_ref); is_derived_with_recursive_reference= true; get_unit()->uncacheable|= UNCACHEABLE_DEPENDENT; } bool TABLE_LIST::is_nonrecursive_derived_with_rec_ref() { return is_derived_with_recursive_reference; } /** @brief Fill the recursive with table @param thd The thread handle @details The method is called only for recursive with tables. The method executes the recursive part of the specification of this with table until no more rows are added to the table or the number of the performed iteration reaches the allowed maximum. @retval false on success true on failure */ bool TABLE_LIST::fill_recursive(THD *thd) { bool rc= false; st_select_lex_unit *unit= get_unit(); rc= with->instantiate_tmp_tables(); while (!rc && !with->all_are_stabilized()) { if (with->level > thd->variables.max_recursive_iterations) break; with->prepare_for_next_iteration(); rc= unit->exec_recursive(); } if (!rc) { TABLE *src= with->rec_result->table; rc =src->insert_all_rows_into_tmp_table(thd, table, &with->rec_result->tmp_table_param, true); } return rc; } /* Execute subquery of a materialized derived table/view and fill the result table. @param thd Thread handle @param lex LEX for this thread @param derived reference to the derived table. @details Execute subquery of given 'derived' table/view and fill the result table. After result table is filled, if this is not the EXPLAIN statement and the table is not specified with a recursion the entire unit / node is deleted. unit is deleted if UNION is used for derived table and node is deleted is it is a simple SELECT. 'lex' is unused and 'thd' is passed as an argument to an underlying function. @note If you use this function, make sure it's not called at prepare. Due to evaluation of LIMIT clause it can not be used at prepared stage. @return FALSE OK @return TRUE Error */ static bool mysql_derived_fill(THD *thd, LEX *lex, TABLE_LIST *derived) { Field_iterator_table field_iterator; SELECT_LEX_UNIT *unit= derived->get_unit(); bool derived_is_recursive= derived->is_recursive_with_table(); bool res= FALSE; DBUG_ENTER("mysql_derived_fill"); DBUG_PRINT("enter", ("Alias: '%s' Unit: %p", (derived->alias.str ? derived->alias.str : ""), derived->get_unit())); if (unit->executed && !unit->uncacheable && !unit->describe && !derived_is_recursive) DBUG_RETURN(FALSE); /*check that table creation passed without problems. */ DBUG_ASSERT(derived->table && derived->table->is_created()); select_unit *derived_result= derived->derived_result; SELECT_LEX *save_current_select= lex->current_select; if (derived->pushdown_derived) { int res; if (unit->executed) DBUG_RETURN(FALSE); /* Execute the query that specifies the derived table by a foreign engine */ res= derived->pushdown_derived->execute(); unit->executed= true; DBUG_RETURN(res); } if (unit->executed && !derived_is_recursive && (unit->uncacheable & UNCACHEABLE_DEPENDENT)) { if ((res= derived->table->file->ha_delete_all_rows())) goto err; JOIN *join= unit->first_select()->join; join->first_record= false; for (uint i= join->top_join_tab_count; i < join->top_join_tab_count + join->aggr_tables; i++) { if ((res= join->join_tab[i].table->file->ha_delete_all_rows())) goto err; } } if (derived_is_recursive) { if (derived->is_with_table_recursive_reference()) { /* Here only one iteration step is performed */ res= unit->exec_recursive(); } else { /* In this case all iteration are performed */ res= derived->fill_recursive(thd); } } else if (unit->is_unit_op()) { // execute union without clean up res= unit->exec(); } else { SELECT_LEX *first_select= unit->first_select(); unit->set_limit(unit->global_parameters()); if (unit->lim.is_unlimited()) first_select->options&= ~OPTION_FOUND_ROWS; lex->current_select= first_select; res= mysql_select(thd, first_select->table_list.first, first_select->item_list, first_select->where, (first_select->order_list.elements+ first_select->group_list.elements), first_select->order_list.first, first_select->group_list.first, first_select->having, (ORDER*) NULL, (first_select->options |thd->variables.option_bits | SELECT_NO_UNLOCK), derived_result, unit, first_select); } if (!res && !derived_is_recursive) { if (derived_result->flush()) res= TRUE; unit->executed= TRUE; if (derived->field_translation) { /* reset translation table to materialized table */ field_iterator.set_table(derived->table); for (uint i= 0; !field_iterator.end_of_fields(); field_iterator.next(), i= i + 1) { Item *item; if (!(item= field_iterator.create_item(thd))) { res= TRUE; break; } thd->change_item_tree(&derived->field_translation[i].item, item); } } } err: if (res || (!derived_is_recursive && !lex->describe && !unit->uncacheable)) unit->cleanup(); lex->current_select= save_current_select; DBUG_RETURN(res); } /** Re-initialize given derived table/view for the next execution. @param thd thread handle @param lex LEX for this thread @param derived reference to the derived table. @details Re-initialize given 'derived' table/view for the next execution. All underlying views/derived tables are recursively reinitialized prior to re-initialization of given derived table. 'thd' and 'lex' are passed as arguments to called functions. @return FALSE OK @return TRUE Error */ static bool mysql_derived_reinit(THD *thd, LEX *lex, TABLE_LIST *derived) { DBUG_ENTER("mysql_derived_reinit"); DBUG_PRINT("enter", ("Alias: '%s' Unit: %p", (derived->alias.str ? derived->alias.str : ""), derived->get_unit())); st_select_lex_unit *unit= derived->get_unit(); derived->merged_for_insert= FALSE; unit->unclean(); unit->types.empty(); /* for derived tables & PS (which can't be reset by Item_subselect) */ unit->reinit_exec_mechanism(); unit->set_thd(thd); DBUG_RETURN(FALSE); } /* @brief Given condition cond and transformer+argument, try transforming as many conjuncts as possible. @detail The motivation of this function is to convert the condition that's being pushed into a WHERE clause with derived_field_transformer_for_where or with derived_grouping_field_transformer_for_where. The transformer may fail for some sub-condition, in this case we want to convert the most restrictive part of the condition that can be pushed. This function only does it for top-level AND: conjuncts that could not be converted are dropped. @return Converted condition, or NULL if nothing could be converted */ Item *transform_condition_or_part(THD *thd, Item *cond, Item_transformer transformer, uchar *arg) { if (cond->type() != Item::COND_ITEM || ((Item_cond*) cond)->functype() != Item_func::COND_AND_FUNC) { Item *new_item= cond->transform(thd, transformer, arg); // Indicate that the condition is not pushable if (!new_item) cond->clear_extraction_flag(); return new_item; } List_iterator li(*((Item_cond*) cond)->argument_list()); Item *item; while ((item=li++)) { Item *new_item= item->transform(thd, transformer, arg); if (!new_item) { // Indicate that the condition is not pushable item->clear_extraction_flag(); li.remove(); } else li.replace(new_item); } switch (((Item_cond*) cond)->argument_list()->elements) { case 0: return NULL; case 1: return ((Item_cond*) cond)->argument_list()->head(); default: return cond; } } /** @brief Extract condition that can be pushed into a derived table/view @param thd the thread handle @param cond current condition @param derived the reference to the derived table/view @details This function builds the most restrictive condition depending only on the derived table/view (directly or indirectly through equality) that can be extracted from the given condition cond and pushes it into the derived table/view. Example of the transformation: SELECT * FROM t1, ( SELECT x,MAX(y) AS max_y FROM t2 GROUP BY x ) AS d_tab WHERE d_tab.x>1 AND d_tab.max_y<30; => SELECT * FROM t1, ( SELECT x,z,MAX(y) AS max_y FROM t2 WHERE x>1 HAVING max_y<30 GROUP BY x ) AS d_tab WHERE d_tab.x>1 AND d_tab.max_y<30; In details: 1. Check what pushable formula can be extracted from cond 2. Build a clone PC of the formula that can be extracted (the clone is built only if the extracted formula is a AND subformula of cond or conjunction of such subformulas) Do for every select specifying derived table/view: 3. If there is no HAVING clause prepare PC to be conjuncted with WHERE clause of the select. Otherwise do 4-7. 4. Check what formula PC_where can be extracted from PC to be pushed into the WHERE clause of the select 5. Build PC_where and if PC_where is a conjunct(s) of PC remove it from PC getting PC_having 6. Prepare PC_where to be conjuncted with the WHERE clause of the select 7. Prepare PC_having to be conjuncted with the HAVING clause of the select @note This method is similar to pushdown_cond_for_in_subquery() @retval TRUE if an error occurs @retval FALSE otherwise */ bool pushdown_cond_for_derived(THD *thd, Item *cond, TABLE_LIST *derived) { DBUG_ENTER("pushdown_cond_for_derived"); if (!cond) DBUG_RETURN(false); st_select_lex_unit *unit= derived->get_unit(); st_select_lex *first_sl= unit->first_select(); st_select_lex *sl= first_sl; if (derived->prohibit_cond_pushdown) DBUG_RETURN(false); /* Do not push conditions into constant derived */ if (unit->executed) DBUG_RETURN(false); /* Do not push conditions into recursive with tables */ if (derived->is_recursive_with_table()) DBUG_RETURN(false); /* Do not push conditions into unit with global ORDER BY ... LIMIT */ if (unit->fake_select_lex && unit->fake_select_lex->limit_params.explicit_limit) DBUG_RETURN(false); /* Check whether any select of 'unit' allows condition pushdown */ bool some_select_allows_cond_pushdown= false; for (; sl; sl= sl->next_select()) { if (sl->cond_pushdown_is_allowed()) { some_select_allows_cond_pushdown= true; break; } } if (!some_select_allows_cond_pushdown) DBUG_RETURN(false); /* 1. Check what pushable formula can be extracted from cond */ Item *extracted_cond; cond->check_pushable_cond(&Item::pushable_cond_checker_for_derived, (uchar *)(&derived->table->map)); /* 2. Build a clone PC of the formula that can be extracted */ extracted_cond= cond->build_pushable_cond(thd, &Item::pushable_equality_checker_for_derived, ((uchar *)&derived->table->map)); if (!extracted_cond) { /* Nothing can be pushed into the derived table */ DBUG_RETURN(false); } st_select_lex *save_curr_select= thd->lex->current_select; for (; sl; sl= sl->next_select()) { Item *extracted_cond_copy; if (!sl->cond_pushdown_is_allowed()) continue; /* For each select of the unit except the last one create a clone of extracted_cond */ extracted_cond_copy= !sl->next_select() ? extracted_cond : extracted_cond->build_clone(thd); if (!extracted_cond_copy) continue; /* Rename the columns of all non-first selects of a union to be compatible by names with the columns of the first select. It will allow to use copies of the same expression pushed into having clauses of different selects. */ if (sl != first_sl) { DBUG_ASSERT(sl->item_list.elements == first_sl->item_list.elements); List_iterator_fast it(sl->item_list); List_iterator_fast nm_it(unit->types); while (Item *item= it++) item->share_name_with(nm_it++); } /* Collect fields that are used in the GROUP BY of sl */ if (sl->have_window_funcs()) { if (sl->group_list.first || sl->join->implicit_grouping) continue; ORDER *common_partition_fields= sl->find_common_window_func_partition_fields(thd); if (!common_partition_fields) continue; sl->collect_grouping_fields_for_derived(thd, common_partition_fields); } else sl->collect_grouping_fields_for_derived(thd, sl->group_list.first); Item *remaining_cond= NULL; /* Do 4-6 */ sl->pushdown_cond_into_where_clause(thd, extracted_cond_copy, &remaining_cond, &Item::derived_field_transformer_for_where, (uchar *) sl); if (!remaining_cond) continue; /* 7. Prepare PC_having to be conjuncted with the HAVING clause of the select */ remaining_cond= remaining_cond->transform(thd, &Item::derived_field_transformer_for_having, (uchar *) sl); if (!remaining_cond) continue; if (remaining_cond->walk(&Item::cleanup_excluding_const_fields_processor, 0, 0)) continue; mark_or_conds_to_avoid_pushdown(remaining_cond); sl->cond_pushed_into_having= remaining_cond; } thd->lex->current_select= save_curr_select; DBUG_RETURN(false); } /** @brief Look for provision of the derived_handler interface by a foreign engine @param thd The thread handler @details The function looks through its tables of the query that specifies this derived table searching for a table whose handlerton owns a create_derived call-back function. If the call of this function returns a derived_handler interface object then the server will push the query specifying the derived table into this engine. This is a responsibility of the create_derived call-back function to check whether the engine can execute the query. @retval the found derived_handler if the search is successful 0 otherwise */ derived_handler *TABLE_LIST::find_derived_handler(THD *thd) { if (!derived || is_recursive_with_table()) return 0; for (SELECT_LEX *sl= derived->first_select(); sl; sl= sl->next_select()) { if (!(sl->join)) continue; for (TABLE_LIST *tbl= sl->join->tables_list; tbl; tbl= tbl->next_local) { if (!tbl->table) continue; handlerton *ht= tbl->table->file->partition_ht(); if (!ht->create_derived) continue; derived_handler *dh= ht->create_derived(thd, this); if (dh) { dh->set_derived(this); return dh; } } } return 0; } TABLE_LIST *TABLE_LIST::get_first_table() { for (SELECT_LEX *sl= derived->first_select(); sl; sl= sl->next_select()) { if (!(sl->join)) continue; for (TABLE_LIST *tbl= sl->join->tables_list; tbl; tbl= tbl->next_local) { if (!tbl->table) continue; return tbl; } } return 0; }