LET $no_pushdown= SET STATEMENT optimizer_switch='condition_pushdown_for_subquery=off' FOR; CREATE TABLE t1 (a INT, b INT, c INT, d INT); CREATE TABLE t2 (e INT, f INT, g INT); CREATE TABLE t3 (x INT, y INT); INSERT INTO t1 VALUES (1,1,18,1), (2,1,25,1), (1,3,40,1), (2,3,40,4), (4,2,24,4), (3,2,23,1), (1,2,40,2), (3,4,17,2), (5,5,65,1), (2,3,70,3), (1,4,35,3), (2,3,25,3), (2,2,40,4), (1,4,55,1), (5,3,72,4), (1,2,70,5); INSERT INTO t2 VALUES (1,2,38), (2,3,15), (1,3,40), (1,4,35), (2,2,70), (3,4,23), (5,5,12), (5,4,17), (3,3,17), (4,2,24), (2,5,25), (5,1,65); INSERT INTO t3 VALUES (1,25), (1,18), (2,15), (4,24), (1,35), (3,23), (3,17), (2,15); CREATE VIEW v1 AS ( SELECT t3.x AS v1_x, t3.y AS v1_y FROM t3 WHERE t3.x<=3 ); CREATE VIEW v2 AS ( SELECT t2.e, t2.f, MAX(t2.g) AS max_g FROM t2 GROUP BY t2.e HAVING max_g>25 ); --echo # conjunctive subformula : pushing into HAVING LET $query= SELECT * FROM t1 WHERE t1.c<25 AND (t1.a,t1.c) IN (SELECT t2.e,MAX(t2.g) FROM t2 WHERE t2.e<5 GROUP BY t2.e); EVAL $no_pushdown $query; EVAL $query; EVAL EXPLAIN $query; --source include/explain-no-costs.inc EVAL EXPLAIN FORMAT=JSON $query; --echo # extracted AND formula : pushing into HAVING LET $query= SELECT * FROM t1 WHERE t1.c>55 AND t1.b<4 AND (t1.a,t1.b,t1.c) IN ( SELECT t2.e,t2.f,MAX(t2.g) FROM t2 WHERE t2.e<5 GROUP BY t2.e ) ; EVAL $no_pushdown $query; EVAL $query; EVAL EXPLAIN $query; --source include/explain-no-costs.inc EVAL EXPLAIN FORMAT=JSON $query; --echo # extracted OR formula : pushing into HAVING LET $query= SELECT * FROM t1 WHERE (t1.c>60 OR t1.c<25) AND (t1.a,t1.b,t1.c) IN ( SELECT t2.e,t2.f,MAX(t2.g) FROM t2 WHERE t2.e<5 GROUP BY t2.e ) ; EVAL $no_pushdown $query; EVAL $query; EVAL EXPLAIN $query; --source include/explain-no-costs.inc EVAL EXPLAIN FORMAT=JSON $query; --echo # extracted AND-OR formula : pushing into HAVING LET $query= SELECT * FROM t1 WHERE ((t1.c>60 OR t1.c<25) AND t1.b>2) AND (t1.a,t1.b,t1.c) IN ( SELECT t2.e,t2.f,MAX(t2.g) FROM t2 WHERE t2.e<5 GROUP BY t2.e ) ; EVAL $no_pushdown $query; EVAL $query; EVAL EXPLAIN $query; --source include/explain-no-costs.inc EVAL EXPLAIN FORMAT=JSON $query; --echo # conjunctive subformula : pushing into HAVING LET $query= SELECT * FROM t1 WHERE ((t1.a<2 OR t1.d>3) AND t1.b>1) AND (t1.a,t1.b,t1.c) IN ( SELECT t2.e,t2.f,MAX(t2.g) FROM t2 WHERE t2.e<5 GROUP BY t2.e ) ; EVAL $no_pushdown $query; EVAL $query; EVAL EXPLAIN $query; --source include/explain-no-costs.inc EVAL EXPLAIN FORMAT=JSON $query; --echo # using view IN subquery defINition : pushing into HAVING LET $query= SELECT * FROM t1 WHERE t1.c>20 AND (t1.a,t1.c) IN ( SELECT v1_x,MAX(v1_y) FROM v1 WHERE v1_x>1 GROUP BY v1_x ) ; EVAL $no_pushdown $query; EVAL $query; EVAL EXPLAIN $query; --source include/explain-no-costs.inc EVAL EXPLAIN FORMAT=JSON $query; --echo # using equality : pushing into WHERE LET $query= SELECT * FROM t1,v1 WHERE t1.c>20 AND t1.c=v1_y AND (t1.a,t1.c) IN ( SELECT t2.e,MAX(t2.g) FROM t2 WHERE t2.e<5 GROUP BY t2.e ) ; EVAL $no_pushdown $query; EVAL $query; EVAL EXPLAIN $query; --source include/explain-no-costs.inc EVAL EXPLAIN FORMAT=JSON $query; --echo # conjunctive subformula : pushing into WHERE LET $query= SELECT * FROM t1 WHERE t1.a<2 AND (t1.a,t1.c) IN ( SELECT t2.e,MAX(t2.g) FROM t2 WHERE t2.e<5 GROUP BY t2.e ) ; EVAL $no_pushdown $query; EVAL $query; EVAL EXPLAIN $query; --source include/explain-no-costs.inc EVAL EXPLAIN FORMAT=JSON $query; --echo # extracted AND formula : pushing into WHERE LET $query= SELECT * FROM t1 WHERE t1.a>2 AND t1.a<5 AND (t1.a,t1.c) IN ( SELECT t2.e,MAX(t2.g) FROM t2 WHERE t2.e<5 GROUP BY t2.e ) ; EVAL $no_pushdown $query; EVAL $query; EVAL EXPLAIN $query; --source include/explain-no-costs.inc EVAL EXPLAIN FORMAT=JSON $query; --echo # extracted OR formula : pushing into WHERE LET $query= SELECT * FROM t1 WHERE (t1.a<2 OR t1.a>=4) AND (t1.a,t1.c) IN ( SELECT t2.e,MAX(t2.g) FROM t2 WHERE t2.e<5 GROUP BY t2.e ) ; EVAL $no_pushdown $query; EVAL $query; EVAL EXPLAIN $query; --source include/explain-no-costs.inc EVAL EXPLAIN FORMAT=JSON $query; --echo # extracted AND-OR formula : pushing into WHERE LET $query= SELECT * FROM t1 WHERE ((t1.a<2 OR t1.a=5) AND t1.b>3) AND (t1.a,t1.b,t1.c) IN ( SELECT t2.e,t2.f,MAX(t2.g) FROM t2 WHERE t2.e<5 GROUP BY t2.e,t2.f ) ; EVAL $no_pushdown $query; EVAL $query; EVAL EXPLAIN $query; --source include/explain-no-costs.inc EVAL EXPLAIN FORMAT=JSON $query; --echo # extracted AND-OR formula : pushing into WHERE LET $query= SELECT * FROM t1 WHERE ((t1.a<2 OR t1.a=5) AND t1.b>3) AND (t1.a,t1.b,t1.c) IN ( SELECT t2.e,t2.f,MAX(t2.g) FROM t2 WHERE t2.e<5 GROUP BY t2.e,t2.f ) ; EVAL $no_pushdown $query; EVAL $query; EVAL EXPLAIN $query; --source include/explain-no-costs.inc EVAL EXPLAIN FORMAT=JSON $query; --echo # conjunctive subformula : pushing into WHERE LET $query= SELECT * FROM t1 WHERE ((t1.b<3 OR t1.d>2) AND t1.a<2) AND (t1.a,t1.b,t1.c) IN ( SELECT t2.e,t2.f,MAX(t2.g) FROM t2 WHERE t2.e<5 GROUP BY t2.e ) ; EVAL $no_pushdown $query; EVAL $query; EVAL EXPLAIN $query; --source include/explain-no-costs.inc EVAL EXPLAIN FORMAT=JSON $query; --echo # using equalities : pushing into WHERE LET $query= SELECT * FROM t1 WHERE t1.d=1 AND t1.a=t1.d AND (t1.a,t1.c) IN ( SELECT t2.e,MAX(t2.g) FROM t2 WHERE t2.e<5 GROUP BY t2.e ) ; EVAL $no_pushdown $query; EVAL $query; EVAL EXPLAIN $query; --source include/explain-no-costs.inc EVAL EXPLAIN FORMAT=JSON $query; --echo # using equality : pushing into WHERE LET $query= SELECT * FROM t1 WHERE t1.d>1 AND t1.a=t1.d AND (t1.a,t1.c) IN ( SELECT t2.e,MAX(t2.g) FROM t2 WHERE t2.e<5 GROUP BY t2.e ) ; EVAL $no_pushdown $query; EVAL $query; EVAL EXPLAIN $query; --source include/explain-no-costs.inc EVAL EXPLAIN FORMAT=JSON $query; --echo # using view IN subquery definition : pushing into WHERE LET $query= SELECT * FROM t1 WHERE t1.a<3 AND (t1.a,t1.c) IN ( SELECT v1_x,MAX(v1_y) FROM v1 WHERE v1_x>1 GROUP BY v1_x ) ; EVAL $no_pushdown $query; EVAL $query; EVAL EXPLAIN $query; --source include/explain-no-costs.inc EVAL EXPLAIN FORMAT=JSON $query; --echo # using equality : pushing into WHERE LET $query= SELECT * FROM t1,v1 WHERE t1.a=v1_x AND v1_x<2 AND v1_y>30 AND (t1.a,t1.c) IN ( SELECT t2.e,MAX(t2.g) FROM t2 WHERE t2.e<5 GROUP BY t2.e ) ; EVAL $no_pushdown $query; EVAL $query; EVAL EXPLAIN $query; --source include/explain-no-costs.inc EVAL EXPLAIN FORMAT=JSON $query; --echo # conjunctive subformula : pushing into WHERE --echo # extracted OR formula : pushing into HAVING LET $query= SELECT * FROM t1 WHERE ((t1.b<3 OR t1.b=4) AND t1.a<3) AND (t1.a,t1.b,t1.c) IN ( SELECT t2.e,t2.f,MAX(t2.g) FROM t2 WHERE t2.e<5 GROUP BY t2.e ) ; EVAL $no_pushdown $query; EVAL $query; EVAL EXPLAIN $query; --source include/explain-no-costs.inc EVAL EXPLAIN FORMAT=JSON $query; --echo # conjunctive subformula using addition : pushing into HAVING LET $query= SELECT * FROM t1 WHERE (t1.a+t1.c>41) AND (t1.a,t1.c) IN ( SELECT t2.e,MAX(t2.g) FROM t2 WHERE t2.e<5 GROUP BY t2.e ) ; EVAL $no_pushdown $query; EVAL $query; EVAL EXPLAIN $query; --source include/explain-no-costs.inc EVAL EXPLAIN FORMAT=JSON $query; --echo # conjunctive subformula using substitution : pushing into HAVING LET $query= SELECT * FROM t1 WHERE (t1.c-t1.a<35) AND (t1.a,t1.c) IN ( SELECT t2.e,MAX(t2.g) FROM t2 WHERE t2.e<5 GROUP BY t2.e ) ; EVAL $no_pushdown $query; EVAL $query; EVAL EXPLAIN $query; --source include/explain-no-costs.inc EVAL EXPLAIN FORMAT=JSON $query; --echo # conjunctive subformula using multiplication : pushing into HAVING LET $query= SELECT * FROM t1 WHERE (t1.c*t1.a>100) AND (t1.a,t1.c) IN ( SELECT t2.e,MAX(t2.g) FROM t2 WHERE t2.e<5 GROUP BY t2.e ) ; EVAL $no_pushdown $query; EVAL $query; EVAL EXPLAIN $query; --source include/explain-no-costs.inc EVAL EXPLAIN FORMAT=JSON $query; --echo # conjunctive subformula using division : pushing into HAVING LET $query= SELECT * FROM t1 WHERE (t1.c/t1.a>30) AND (t1.a,t1.c) IN ( SELECT t2.e,MAX(t2.g) FROM t2 WHERE t2.e<5 GROUP BY t2.e ) ; EVAL $no_pushdown $query; EVAL $query; EVAL EXPLAIN $query; --source include/explain-no-costs.inc EVAL EXPLAIN FORMAT=JSON $query; --echo # conjunctive subformula using BETWEEN : pushing into HAVING LET $query= SELECT * FROM t1 WHERE (t1.c BETWEEN 50 AND 100) AND (t1.a,t1.c) IN ( SELECT t2.e,MAX(t2.g) FROM t2 WHERE t2.e<5 GROUP BY t2.e ) ; EVAL $no_pushdown $query; EVAL $query; EVAL EXPLAIN $query; --source include/explain-no-costs.inc EVAL EXPLAIN FORMAT=JSON $query; --echo # conjunctive subformula using addition : pushing into WHERE LET $query= SELECT * FROM t1 WHERE (t1.a+t1.b > 5) AND (t1.a,t1.b,t1.c) IN ( SELECT t2.e,t2.f,MAX(t2.g) FROM t2 WHERE t2.e<5 GROUP BY t2.e,t2.f ) ; EVAL $no_pushdown $query; EVAL $query; EVAL EXPLAIN $query; --source include/explain-no-costs.inc EVAL EXPLAIN FORMAT=JSON $query; --echo # conjunctive subformula using substitution : pushing into WHERE LET $query= SELECT * FROM t1 WHERE (t1.a-t1.b > 0) AND (t1.a,t1.b,t1.c) IN ( SELECT t2.e,t2.f,MAX(t2.g) FROM t2 WHERE t2.e<5 GROUP BY t2.e,t2.f ) ; EVAL $no_pushdown $query; EVAL $query; EVAL EXPLAIN $query; --source include/explain-no-costs.inc EVAL EXPLAIN FORMAT=JSON $query; --echo # conjunctive subformula using multiplication : pushing into WHERE LET $query= SELECT * FROM t1 WHERE (t1.a*t1.b > 6) AND (t1.a,t1.b,t1.c) IN ( SELECT t2.e,t2.f,MAX(t2.g) FROM t2 WHERE t2.e<5 GROUP BY t2.e,t2.f ) ; EVAL $no_pushdown $query; EVAL $query; EVAL EXPLAIN $query; --source include/explain-no-costs.inc EVAL EXPLAIN FORMAT=JSON $query; --echo # conjunctive subformula using division : pushing into WHERE LET $query= SELECT * FROM t1 WHERE (t1.b/t1.a > 2) AND (t1.a,t1.b,t1.c) IN ( SELECT t2.e,t2.f,MAX(t2.g) FROM t2 WHERE t2.e<5 GROUP BY t2.e,t2.f ) ; EVAL $no_pushdown $query; EVAL $query; EVAL EXPLAIN $query; --source include/explain-no-costs.inc EVAL EXPLAIN FORMAT=JSON $query; --echo # conjunctive subformula using BETWEEN : pushing into WHERE LET $query= SELECT * FROM t1 WHERE (t1.a BETWEEN 1 AND 3) AND (t1.a,t1.c) IN ( SELECT t2.e,MAX(t2.g) FROM t2 WHERE t2.e<5 GROUP BY t2.e ) ; EVAL $no_pushdown $query; EVAL $query; EVAL EXPLAIN $query; --source include/explain-no-costs.inc EVAL EXPLAIN FORMAT=JSON $query; --echo # conjunctive subformula : pushing into HAVING of the IN subquery --echo # conjunctive subformula : pushing into WHERE of the view from the IN subquery LET $query= SELECT * FROM t1 WHERE t1.c>3 AND (t1.a,t1.b,t1.c) IN ( SELECT v2.e,MAX(v2.f),v2.max_g FROM v2 WHERE v2.e<5 GROUP BY v2.e ) ; EVAL $no_pushdown $query; EVAL $query; EVAL EXPLAIN $query; --source include/explain-no-costs.inc EVAL EXPLAIN FORMAT=JSON $query; --echo # conjunctive subformula : pushing into WHERE of the IN subquery --echo # conjunctive subformula : pushing into WHERE of the view --echo # from the IN subquery LET $query= SELECT * FROM t1 WHERE t1.a>1 AND (t1.a,t1.b,t1.c) IN ( SELECT v2.e,MAX(v2.f),v2.max_g FROM v2 WHERE v2.e<5 GROUP BY v2.e ) ; EVAL $no_pushdown $query; EVAL $query; EVAL EXPLAIN $query; --source include/explain-no-costs.inc EVAL EXPLAIN FORMAT=JSON $query; --echo # conjunctive subformula : pushing into WHERE and HAVING --echo # of the IN subquery --echo # conjunctive subformula : pushing into WHERE of the view --echo # from the IN subquery LET $query= SELECT * FROM t1 WHERE t1.a>1 AND t1.c<100 AND (t1.a,t1.b,t1.c) IN ( SELECT v2.e,MAX(v2.f),v2.max_g FROM v2 WHERE v2.e<5 GROUP BY v2.e ) ; EVAL $no_pushdown $query; EVAL $query; EVAL EXPLAIN $query; --source include/explain-no-costs.inc EVAL EXPLAIN FORMAT=JSON $query; --echo # conjunctive subformula : pushing into WHERE of the IN subquery --echo # extracted AND formula : pushing into HAVING of the derived table --echo # from the IN subquery LET $query= SELECT * FROM t1 WHERE t1.a>1 AND (t1.a,t1.b,t1.c) IN ( SELECT d_tab.e,MAX(d_tab.f),d_tab.max_g FROM ( SELECT t2.e, t2.f, MAX(t2.g) AS max_g FROM t2 GROUP BY t2.f HAVING max_g>25 ) as d_tab WHERE d_tab.e<5 GROUP BY d_tab.e ) ; EVAL $no_pushdown $query; EVAL $query; EVAL EXPLAIN $query; --source include/explain-no-costs.inc EVAL EXPLAIN FORMAT=JSON $query; --echo # conjunctive subformula : pushing into HAVING of the derived table --echo # conjunctive subformula : pushing into WHERE of the IN subquery from --echo # the derived table SELECT * FROM t3, ( SELECT t1.a,t1.b,max(t1.c) as max_c FROM t1 WHERE t1.a>1 AND (t1.a,t1.b,t1.c) IN ( SELECT t2.e,t2.f,MAX(t2.g) FROM t2 WHERE t2.e<5 GROUP BY t2.e ) GROUP BY t1.a ) AS d_tab WHERE d_tab.a=t3.x AND d_tab.b>2; EVAL $no_pushdown $query; EVAL $query; EVAL EXPLAIN $query; --source include/explain-no-costs.inc EVAL EXPLAIN FORMAT=JSON $query; --echo # conjunctive subformula : pushing into WHERE of the derived table --echo # extracted AND formula : pushing into WHERE of the IN subquery from --echo # the derived table SELECT * FROM t3, ( SELECT t1.a,t1.b,max(t1.c) as max_c FROM t1 WHERE t1.a>1 AND (t1.a,t1.b,t1.c) IN ( SELECT t2.e,t2.f,MAX(t2.g) FROM t2 GROUP BY t2.e HAVING t2.f<5 ) GROUP BY t1.a ) AS d_tab WHERE d_tab.a=t3.x AND d_tab.a<5; EVAL $no_pushdown $query; EVAL $query; EVAL EXPLAIN $query; --source include/explain-no-costs.inc EVAL EXPLAIN FORMAT=JSON $query; --echo # conjunctive subformula : pushing into WHERE and HAVING --echo # of the derived table --echo # extracted AND formula : pushing into WHERE of the IN subquery --echo # from the derived table LET $query= SELECT * FROM t3, ( SELECT t1.a,t1.b,max(t1.c) as max_c FROM t1 WHERE t1.a>1 AND (t1.a,t1.b,t1.c) IN ( SELECT t2.e,t2.f,MAX(t2.g) FROM t2 GROUP BY t2.e HAVING t2.f<5 ) GROUP BY t1.a ) AS d_tab WHERE d_tab.a=t3.x AND d_tab.a<5 AND d_tab.max_c<70; EVAL $no_pushdown $query; EVAL $query; EVAL EXPLAIN $query; --source include/explain-no-costs.inc EVAL EXPLAIN FORMAT=JSON $query; --echo # conjunctive subformula : pushing into WHERE of the derived table --echo # conjunctive subformula : pushing into HAVING of the IN subquery from --echo # the derived table SELECT * FROM t3, ( SELECT t1.a,t1.b,max(t1.c) as max_c FROM t1 WHERE (t1.a,t1.b,t1.c) IN ( SELECT t2.e,t2.f,MAX(t2.g) FROM t2 WHERE t2.f<4 GROUP BY t2.f ) GROUP BY t1.a HAVING t1.b<5 ) AS d_tab WHERE d_tab.a=t3.x AND d_tab.a<5; EVAL $no_pushdown $query; EVAL $query; EVAL EXPLAIN $query; --source include/explain-no-costs.inc EVAL EXPLAIN FORMAT=JSON $query; --echo # conjunctive subformula : pushing into WHERE --echo # using WINDOW FUNCTIONS : using MAX function LET $query= SELECT * FROM t1 WHERE (t1.b>1) AND (t1.b, t1.c) IN ( SELECT t2.f, MAX(t2.g) OVER (PARTITION BY t2.f) FROM t2 WHERE t2.e<5 ) ; EVAL $no_pushdown $query; EVAL $query; EVAL EXPLAIN $query; --source include/explain-no-costs.inc EVAL EXPLAIN FORMAT=JSON $query; --echo # conjunctive subformula : pushing into WHERE --echo # using WINDOW FUNCTIONS : using SUM function LET $query= SELECT * FROM t1 WHERE (t1.b>1) AND (t1.b, t1.c) IN ( SELECT t2.f, CAST(SUM(t2.g) OVER (PARTITION BY t2.f) AS INT) FROM t2 WHERE t2.e<5 ) ; EVAL $no_pushdown $query; EVAL $query; EVAL EXPLAIN $query; --source include/explain-no-costs.inc EVAL EXPLAIN FORMAT=JSON $query; DROP TABLE t1,t2,t3; DROP VIEW v1,v2; --echo # --echo # MDEV-16721: IN-subquery defined with the AUTO-INCREMENT column --echo # and used with the ZEROFILL column --echo # CREATE TABLE t1 (a INT AUTO_INCREMENT PRIMARY KEY); CREATE TABLE t2 (b INT ZEROFILL); INSERT INTO t2 VALUES (2), (3); SELECT * FROM t2 WHERE t2.b IN (SELECT MIN(t1.a) from t1); DROP TABLE t1, t2; --echo # --echo # MDEV-16730: server fault caused by pushdown into the derived table --echo # condition that joins IN subquery and parent select --echo # CREATE TABLE t1 (a INT); INSERT INTO t1 VALUES (1), (2), (3); SELECT * FROM (SELECT DISTINCT * FROM t1) AS tbl WHERE tbl.a IN ( SELECT COUNT(t1.a) FROM t1 WHERE (t1.a!=1) ); DROP TABLE t1; --echo # --echo # MDEV-16727: failure assertion caused by the lamely saved list --echo # of multiple equalities --echo # CREATE TABLE t1 (a varchar(1)); INSERT INTO t1 VALUES ('x'), ('y'), ('z'); CREATE TABLE t2 (b varchar(1)); INSERT INTO t2 VALUES ('x'); CREATE TABLE t3 (c varchar(1)); INSERT INTO t3 VALUES ('y'); CREATE TABLE t4 (d varchar(1)); INSERT INTO t4 VALUES ('x'), ('z'); SELECT * FROM t1 JOIN t2 ON (t1.a=t2.b) LEFT JOIN t3 ON (t1.a=t3.c) WHERE (t1.a) IN ( SELECT t4.d FROM t4 ORDER BY t4.d ); DROP TABLE t1,t2,t3,t4; --echo # --echo # MDEV-17360: IN subquery predicate with outer reference in the left part --echo # that refers to a field of a mergeable derived table --echo # CREATE TABLE t1 (id1 int) ENGINE=MYISAM; INSERT INTO t1 VALUES (1814),(0),(NULL),(1); CREATE TABLE t2 (id2 int) ENGINE=MYISAM; SELECT 1 AS r FROM t2,t1,(SELECT * FROM t1) dt1 WHERE NOT EXISTS (SELECT id2 FROM t2 WHERE dt1.id1 IN (SELECT t2.id2 FROM t2 HAVING t2.id2 >= 1)); DROP TABLE t1,t2; --echo # --echo # MDEV-17027: IN subquery predicate with outer reference in the left part --echo # conjuncted with equality predicate --echo # CREATE TABLE t1 (pk int, i1 int, v1 varchar(1)); INSERT INTO t1 VALUES (3,2,'x'), (1,1,'y'), (4,2,'z'); CREATE TABLE t2 (pk int, i1 int, v1 varchar(1)); INSERT INTO t2 VALUES (5,2,'x'), (7,1,'x'); CREATE TABLE t3 (pk int, i1 int, v1 varchar(1)); INSERT INTO t3 VALUES (8,2,'x'), (7,1,'z'); SELECT t3.i1 FROM t3 WHERE EXISTS ( SELECT t2.v1 FROM t1,t2 WHERE t1.v1 = t2.v1 AND t3.i1 IN (SELECT t.i1 FROM t1 as t GROUP BY i1 HAVING t.i1 < 3)); DROP TABLE t1,t2,t3;