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log.c

 
/*
 * libgit2 "log" example - shows how to walk history and get commit info
 *
 * Written by the libgit2 contributors
 *
 * To the extent possible under law, the author(s) have dedicated all copyright
 * and related and neighboring rights to this software to the public domain
 * worldwide. This software is distributed without any warranty.
 *
 * You should have received a copy of the CC0 Public Domain Dedication along
 * with this software. If not, see
 * <http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/>.
 */

#include "common.h"

This example demonstrates the libgit2 rev walker APIs to roughly simulate the output of git log and a few of command line arguments. git log has many many options and this only shows a few of them.

This does not have:

  • Robust error handling
  • Colorized or paginated output formatting
  • Most of the git log options

This does have:

  • Examples of translating command line arguments to equivalent libgit2 revwalker configuration calls
  • Simplified options to apply pathspec limits and to show basic diffs
 

      		
    

    

      
        

          
        

        
log_state represents walker being configured while handling options

      		
      
        
struct log_state {
  git_repository *repo;
  const char *repodir;
  git_revwalk *walker;
  int hide;
  int sorting;
  int revisions;
};

      		
    

    

      
        

          
        

        
utility functions that are called to configure the walker

      		
      
        
static void set_sorting(struct log_state *s, unsigned int sort_mode);
static void push_rev(struct log_state *s, git_object *obj, int hide);
static int add_revision(struct log_state *s, const char *revstr);

      		
    

    

      
        

          
        

        
log_options holds other command line options that affect log output

      		
      
        
struct log_options {
  int show_diff;
  int skip, limit;
  int min_parents, max_parents;
  git_time_t before;
  git_time_t after;
  char *author;
  char *committer;
};

      		
    

    

      
        

          
        

        
utility functions that parse options and help with log output

      		
      
        
static int parse_options(
  struct log_state *s, struct log_options *opt, int argc, char **argv);
static void print_time(const git_time *intime, const char *prefix);
static void print_commit(git_commit *commit);
static int match_with_parent(git_commit *commit, int i, git_diff_options *);


int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
  int i, count = 0, printed = 0, parents, last_arg;
  struct log_state s;
  struct log_options opt;
  git_diff_options diffopts = GIT_DIFF_OPTIONS_INIT;
  git_oid oid;
  git_commit *commit = NULL;
  git_pathspec *ps = NULL;

  git_threads_init();

      		
    

    

      
        

          
        

        
Parse arguments and set up revwalker.

      		
      
        
  last_arg = parse_options(&s, &opt, argc, argv);

  diffopts.pathspec.strings = &argv[last_arg];
  diffopts.pathspec.count	  = argc - last_arg;
  if (diffopts.pathspec.count > 0)
    check_lg2(git_pathspec_new(&ps, &diffopts.pathspec),
      "Building pathspec", NULL);

  if (!s.revisions)
    add_revision(&s, NULL);

      		
    

    

      
        

          
        

        
Use the revwalker to traverse the history.

      		
      
        
  printed = count = 0;

  for (; !git_revwalk_next(&oid, s.walker); git_commit_free(commit)) {
    check_lg2(git_commit_lookup(&commit, s.repo, &oid),
      "Failed to look up commit", NULL);

    parents = (int)git_commit_parentcount(commit);
    if (parents < opt.min_parents)
      continue;
    if (opt.max_parents > 0 && parents > opt.max_parents)
      continue;

    if (diffopts.pathspec.count > 0) {
      int unmatched = parents;

      if (parents == 0) {
        git_tree *tree;
        check_lg2(git_commit_tree(&tree, commit), "Get tree", NULL);
        if (git_pathspec_match_tree(
            NULL, tree, GIT_PATHSPEC_NO_MATCH_ERROR, ps) != 0)
          unmatched = 1;
        git_tree_free(tree);
      } else if (parents == 1) {
        unmatched = match_with_parent(commit, 0, &diffopts) ? 0 : 1;
      } else {
        for (i = 0; i < parents; ++i) {
          if (match_with_parent(commit, i, &diffopts))
            unmatched--;
        }
      }

      if (unmatched > 0)
        continue;
    }

    if (count++ < opt.skip)
      continue;
    if (opt.limit != -1 && printed++ >= opt.limit) {
      git_commit_free(commit);
      break;
    }

    print_commit(commit);

    if (opt.show_diff) {
      git_tree *a = NULL, *b = NULL;
      git_diff *diff = NULL;

      if (parents > 1)
        continue;
      check_lg2(git_commit_tree(&b, commit), "Get tree", NULL);
      if (parents == 1) {
        git_commit *parent;
        check_lg2(git_commit_parent(&parent, commit, 0), "Get parent", NULL);
        check_lg2(git_commit_tree(&a, parent), "Tree for parent", NULL);
        git_commit_free(parent);
      }

      check_lg2(git_diff_tree_to_tree(
        &diff, git_commit_owner(commit), a, b, &diffopts),
        "Diff commit with parent", NULL);
      check_lg2(
                git_diff_print(diff, GIT_DIFF_FORMAT_PATCH, diff_output, NULL),
        "Displaying diff", NULL);

      git_diff_free(diff);
      git_tree_free(a);
      git_tree_free(b);
    }
  }

  git_pathspec_free(ps);
  git_revwalk_free(s.walker);
  git_repository_free(s.repo);
  git_threads_shutdown();

  return 0;
}

      		
    

    

      
        

          
        

        
Push object (for hide or show) onto revwalker.

      		
      
        
static void push_rev(struct log_state *s, git_object *obj, int hide)
{
  hide = s->hide ^ hide;

      		
    

    

      
        

          
        

        
Create revwalker on demand if it doesn't already exist.

      		
      
        
  if (!s->walker) {
    check_lg2(git_revwalk_new(&s->walker, s->repo),
      "Could not create revision walker", NULL);
    git_revwalk_sorting(s->walker, s->sorting);
  }

  if (!obj)
    check_lg2(git_revwalk_push_head(s->walker),
      "Could not find repository HEAD", NULL);
  else if (hide)
    check_lg2(git_revwalk_hide(s->walker, git_object_id(obj)),
      "Reference does not refer to a commit", NULL);
  else
    check_lg2(git_revwalk_push(s->walker, git_object_id(obj)),
      "Reference does not refer to a commit", NULL);

  git_object_free(obj);
}

      		
    

    

      
        

          
        

        
Parse revision string and add revs to walker.

      		
      
        
static int add_revision(struct log_state *s, const char *revstr)
{
  git_revspec revs;
  int hide = 0;

      		
    

    

      
        

          
        

        
Open repo on demand if it isn't already open.

      		
      
        
  if (!s->repo) {
    if (!s->repodir) s->repodir = ".";
    check_lg2(git_repository_open_ext(&s->repo, s->repodir, 0, NULL),
      "Could not open repository", s->repodir);
  }

  if (!revstr) {
    push_rev(s, NULL, hide);
    return 0;
  }

  if (*revstr == '^') {
    revs.flags = GIT_REVPARSE_SINGLE;
    hide = !hide;

    if (git_revparse_single(&revs.from, s->repo, revstr + 1) < 0)
      return -1;
  } else if (git_revparse(&revs, s->repo, revstr) < 0)
    return -1;

  if ((revs.flags & GIT_REVPARSE_SINGLE) != 0)
    push_rev(s, revs.from, hide);
  else {
    push_rev(s, revs.to, hide);

    if ((revs.flags & GIT_REVPARSE_MERGE_BASE) != 0) {
      git_oid base;
      check_lg2(git_merge_base(&base, s->repo,
        git_object_id(revs.from), git_object_id(revs.to)),
        "Could not find merge base", revstr);
      check_lg2(
        git_object_lookup(&revs.to, s->repo, &base, GIT_OBJ_COMMIT),
        "Could not find merge base commit", NULL);

      push_rev(s, revs.to, hide);
    }

    push_rev(s, revs.from, !hide);
  }

  return 0;
}

      		
    

    

      
        

          
        

        
Update revwalker with sorting mode.

      		
      
        
static void set_sorting(struct log_state *s, unsigned int sort_mode)
{

      		
    

    

      
        

          
        

        
Open repo on demand if it isn't already open.

      		
      
        
  if (!s->repo) {
    if (!s->repodir) s->repodir = ".";
    check_lg2(git_repository_open_ext(&s->repo, s->repodir, 0, NULL),
      "Could not open repository", s->repodir);
  }

      		
    

    

      
        

          
        

        
Create revwalker on demand if it doesn't already exist.

      		
      
        
  if (!s->walker)
    check_lg2(git_revwalk_new(&s->walker, s->repo),
      "Could not create revision walker", NULL);

  if (sort_mode == GIT_SORT_REVERSE)
    s->sorting = s->sorting ^ GIT_SORT_REVERSE;
  else
    s->sorting = sort_mode | (s->sorting & GIT_SORT_REVERSE);

  git_revwalk_sorting(s->walker, s->sorting);
}

      		
    

    

      
        

          
        

        
Helper to format a git_time value like Git.

      		
      
        
static void print_time(const git_time *intime, const char *prefix)
{
  char sign, out[32];
  struct tm *intm;
  int offset, hours, minutes;
  time_t t;

  offset = intime->offset;
  if (offset < 0) {
    sign = '-';
    offset = -offset;
  } else {
    sign = '+';
  }

  hours   = offset / 60;
  minutes = offset % 60;

  t = (time_t)intime->time + (intime->offset * 60);

  intm = gmtime(&t);
  strftime(out, sizeof(out), "%a %b %e %T %Y", intm);

  printf("%s%s %c%02d%02d\n", prefix, out, sign, hours, minutes);
}

      		
    

    

      
        

          
        

        
Helper to print a commit object.

      		
      
        
static void print_commit(git_commit *commit)
{
  char buf[GIT_OID_HEXSZ + 1];
  int i, count;
  const git_signature *sig;
  const char *scan, *eol;

  git_oid_tostr(buf, sizeof(buf), git_commit_id(commit));
  printf("commit %s\n", buf);

  if ((count = (int)git_commit_parentcount(commit)) > 1) {
    printf("Merge:");
    for (i = 0; i < count; ++i) {
      git_oid_tostr(buf, 8, git_commit_parent_id(commit, i));
      printf(" %s", buf);
    }
    printf("\n");
  }

  if ((sig = git_commit_author(commit)) != NULL) {
    printf("Author: %s <%s>\n", sig->name, sig->email);
    print_time(&sig->when, "Date:   ");
  }
  printf("\n");

  for (scan = git_commit_message(commit); scan && *scan; ) {
    for (eol = scan; *eol && *eol != '\n'; ++eol) /* find eol */;

    printf("    %.*s\n", (int)(eol - scan), scan);
    scan = *eol ? eol + 1 : NULL;
  }
  printf("\n");
}

      		
    

    

      
        

          
        

        
Helper to find how many files in a commit changed from its nth parent.

      		
      
        
static int match_with_parent(git_commit *commit, int i, git_diff_options *opts)
{
  git_commit *parent;
  git_tree *a, *b;
  git_diff *diff;
  int ndeltas;

  check_lg2(
    git_commit_parent(&parent, commit, (size_t)i), "Get parent", NULL);
  check_lg2(git_commit_tree(&a, parent), "Tree for parent", NULL);
  check_lg2(git_commit_tree(&b, commit), "Tree for commit", NULL);
  check_lg2(
    git_diff_tree_to_tree(&diff, git_commit_owner(commit), a, b, opts),
    "Checking diff between parent and commit", NULL);

  ndeltas = (int)git_diff_num_deltas(diff);

  git_diff_free(diff);
  git_tree_free(a);
  git_tree_free(b);
  git_commit_free(parent);

  return ndeltas > 0;
}

      		
    

    

      
        

          
        

        
Print a usage message for the program.

      		
      
        
static void usage(const char *message, const char *arg)
{
  if (message && arg)
    fprintf(stderr, "%s: %s\n", message, arg);
  else if (message)
    fprintf(stderr, "%s\n", message);
  fprintf(stderr, "usage: log [<options>]\n");
  exit(1);
}

      		
    

    

      
        

          
        

        
Parse some log command line options.

      		
      
        
static int parse_options(
  struct log_state *s, struct log_options *opt, int argc, char **argv)
{
  struct args_info args = ARGS_INFO_INIT;

  memset(s, 0, sizeof(*s));
  s->sorting = GIT_SORT_TIME;

  memset(opt, 0, sizeof(*opt));
  opt->max_parents = -1;
  opt->limit = -1;

  for (args.pos = 1; args.pos < argc; ++args.pos) {
    const char *a = argv[args.pos];

    if (a[0] != '-') {
      if (!add_revision(s, a))
        s->revisions++;
      else

      		
    

    

      
        

          
        

        
Try failed revision parse as filename.

      		
      
        
        break;
    } else if (!strcmp(a, "--")) {
      ++args.pos;
      break;
    }
    else if (!strcmp(a, "--date-order"))
      set_sorting(s, GIT_SORT_TIME);
    else if (!strcmp(a, "--topo-order"))
      set_sorting(s, GIT_SORT_TOPOLOGICAL);
    else if (!strcmp(a, "--reverse"))
      set_sorting(s, GIT_SORT_REVERSE);
    else if (match_str_arg(&s->repodir, &args, "--git-dir"))

      		
    

    

      
        

          
        

        
Found git-dir. /;
        else if (matchintarg(&opt->skip, &args, "--skip", 0))
            /* Found valid --skip. /;
        else if (matchintarg(&opt->limit, &args, "--max-count", 0))
            /* Found valid --max-count. /;
        else if (a[1] >= '0' && a[1] <= '9')
            isinteger(&opt->limit, a + 1, 0);
        else if (matchint_arg(&opt->limit, &args, "-n", 0))
            /* Found valid -n. /;
        else if (!strcmp(a, "--merges"))
            opt->minparents = 2;
        else if (!strcmp(a, "--no-merges"))
            opt->maxparents = 1;
        else if (!strcmp(a, "--no-min-parents"))
            opt->minparents = 0;
        else if (!strcmp(a, "--no-max-parents"))
            opt->maxparents = -1;
        else if (matchintarg(&opt->max_parents, &args, "--max-parents=", 1))
            /* Found valid --max-parents. /;
        else if (matchintarg(&opt->min_parents, &args, "--min-parents=", 0))
            /* Found valid --minparents. */;
        else if (!strcmp(a, "-p") || !strcmp(a, "-u") || !strcmp(a, "--patch"))
            opt->showdiff = 1;
        else
            usage("Unsupported argument", a);
    }



return args.pos;




}