Arguably all uses of readdir_r are unnecessary, but in this case
especially so, as the directory handle only exists within this function,
so we don't race with anybody.

Downcase

When the callback returns an error, we should stop immediately. This
broke when trying to make sure we pass specific errors up the chain.

This broke cancelling out of the loose backend's foreach.

Some brain damaged tolower() implementations appear to want to
take the locale into account, and this may require taking some
insanely aggressive lock on the locale and slowing down what should
be the most trivial of trivial calls for people who just want to
downcase ASCII.

This function deals with functions doing IO which means the amount of
errors that can happen is quit large. It does not help if it always
ovewrites the underlying error message with a less understandable
version of "something went wrong".

Instead, only use this generic message if there was no error set by the
callback.

Using FindFirstFile and FindNextFile in win32 allows us to
use the directory information that is returned, instead of
us having to get the file attributes all over again, which
is a distinct cost savings on win32.

The _next method shouldn't take a path pointer (and a path_len
pointer) as 100% of current users use the full path and ignore
the filename.

Plus let's add some docs and a unit test.