Use an unsigned int for the version and add a helper macro so the
code is simplified (and so the error message is a common string).

The basic structure of each function is courtesy of arrbee.

This commit adds cancellation for the push operation. This work consists of:

1) Support cancellation during push operation
    - During object counting phase
    - During network transfer phase
        - Propagate GIT_EUSER error code out to caller
2) Improve cancellation support during fetch
    - Handle cancellation request during network transfer phase
    - Clear error string when cancelled during indexing
3) Fix error handling in git_smart__download_pack

Cancellation during push is still only handled in the pack building and
network transfer stages of push (and not during packbuilding).

This adds the basics of progress reporting during push. While progress
for all aspects of a push operation are not reported with this change,
it lays the foundation to add these later. Push progress reporting
can be improved in the future - and consumers of the API should
just get more accurate information at that point.

The main areas where this is lacking are:

1) packbuilding progress: does not report progress during deltafication,
   as this involves coordinating progress from multiple threads.

2) network progress: reports progress as objects and bytes are going
   to be written to the subtransport (instead of as client gets
   confirmation that they have been received by the server) and leaves
   out some of the bytes that are transfered as part of the push protocol.
   Basically, this reports the pack bytes that are written to the
   subtransport. It does not report the bytes sent on the wire that
   are received by the server. This should be a good estimate of
   progress (and an improvement over no progress).