In libgit2 nomenclature, when we need to verb a direct object, we name
a function `git_directobject_verb`.  Thus, if we need to init an options
structure named `git_foo_options`, then the name of the function that
does that should be `git_foo_options_init`.

The previous names of `git_foo_init_options` is close - it _sounds_ as
if it's initializing the options of a `foo`, but in fact
`git_foo_options` is its own noun that should be respected.

Deprecate the old names; they'll now call directly to the new ones.

Move to the `git_error` name in error-related functions, deprecating the
`giterr` functions.  This means, for example, that `giterr_last` is now
`git_error_last`.  The old names are retained for compatibility.

This only updates the public API; internal API and function usage
remains unchanged.

Since we now always build the library with cdecl calling conventions,
our callbacks should be decorated as such so that users will not be able
to provide callbacks defined with other calling conventions.

The `GIT_CALLBACK` macro will inject the `__cdecl` attribute as
appropriate.

Having the setting be different from calling its actions was not a great
idea and made for the sake of the wrong convenience.

Instead of that, accept either fetch options, push options or the
callbacks when dealing with the remote. The fetch options are currently
only the callbacks, but more options will be moved from setters and
getters on the remote to the options.

This does mean passing the same struct along the different functions but
the typical use-case will only call git_remote_fetch() or
git_remote_push() and so won't notice much difference.

The signature for the reflog is not something which changes
dynamically. Almost all uses will be NULL, since we want for the
repository's default identity to be used, making it noise.

In order to allow for changing the identity, we instead provide
git_repository_set_ident() and git_repository_ident() which allow a user
to override the choice of signature.

This makes them show up in the reference, even if the text itself isn't
the most descriptive.

These have been found with

    grep -Przon '\n\ntypedef struct.*?\{' -- include
    grep -Przon '\n\ntypedef enum.*?\{' -- include

As git_clone now has callbacks to configure the details of the
repository and remote, remove the lower-level functions from the public
API, as they lack some of the logic from git_clone proper.