Ensure ApplicationSetting#performance_bar_allowed_group_id is properly set when retrieved from cache

Closes #46758

See merge request gitlab-org/gitlab-ce!19144

Signed-off-by: Rémy Coutable <remy@rymai.me>

This allows admins to define terms in the application settings.

Every time the terms are adjusted, a new version is stored and becomes
the 'active' version. This allows tracking which specific version was
accepted by a user.

Moving the check out of the general requests, makes sure we don't have
any slowdown in the regular requests.

To keep the process performing this checks small, the check is still
performed inside a unicorn. But that is called from a process running
on the same server.

Because the checks are now done outside normal request, we can have a
simpler failure strategy:

The check is now performed in the background every
`circuitbreaker_check_interval`. Failures are logged in redis. The
failures are reset when the check succeeds. Per check we will try
`circuitbreaker_access_retries` times within
`circuitbreaker_storage_timeout` seconds.

When the number of failures exceeds
`circuitbreaker_failure_count_threshold`, we will block access to the
storage.

After `failure_reset_time` of no checks, we will clear the stored
failures. This could happen when the process that performs the checks
is not running.

No-one is allowed to force push to a protected branch, or delete it. That's
correct in the documentation, but was wrong in the drop-down.