Cygwin port added a "not quite correct but a lot faster and good
enough for many lstat() calls that are only used to see if the
working tree entity matches the index entry" lstat() emulation some
time ago, and it started biting us in places.  This removes it and
uses the standard lstat() that comes with Cygwin.

Recent topic that uses lstat on packed-refs file is broken when
this cheating lstat is used, and this is a simplest fix that is
also the cleanest direction to go in the long run.

* rj/cygwin-clarify-use-of-cheating-lstat:
  cygwin: Remove the Win32 l/stat() implementation

A new command to allow scripts to query the mailmap information.

* es/check-mailmap:
  t4203: test check-mailmap command invocation
  builtin: add git-check-mailmap command

Commit adbc0b6b ("cygwin: Use native Win32 API for stat", 30-09-2008)
added a Win32 specific implementation of the stat functions. In order
to handle absolute paths, cygwin mount points and symbolic links, this
implementation may fall back on the standard cygwin l/stat() functions.
Also, the choice of cygwin or Win32 functions is made lazily (by the
first call(s) to l/stat) based on the state of some config variables.

Unfortunately, this "schizophrenic stat" implementation has been the
source of many problems ever since. For example, see commits 7faee6b8,
79748439, 452993c2, 085479e7, b8a97333, 924aaf3e, 05bab3ea and 0117c2f0.

In order to avoid further problems, such as the issue raised by the new
reference handling API, remove the Win32 l/stat() implementation.

Signed-off-by: Ramsay Jones <ramsay@ramsay1.demon.co.uk>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>

Introduce command check-mailmap, similar to check-attr and check-ignore,
which allows direct testing of .mailmap configuration.

As plumbing accessible to scripts and other porcelain, check-mailmap
publishes the stable, well-tested .mailmap functionality employed by
built-in Git commands.  Consequently, script authors need not
re-implement .mailmap functionality manually, thus avoiding potential
quirks and behavioral differences.

Signed-off-by: Eric Sunshine <sunshine@sunshineco.com>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>

* maint:
  fixup-builtins: retire an old transition helper script

This script was added in 36e5e70 (Start deprecating "git-command" in
favor of "git command", 2007-06-30) with the intent of aiding the
transition away from dashed forms.

It has already been used to help the transision and served its
purpose, and is no longer very useful for follow-up work, because
the majority of remaining matches it finds are false positives.

Signed-off-by: Ramkumar Ramachandra <artagnon@gmail.com>
Reviewed-by: Jeff King <peff@peff.net>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>

"git log" learned the "--author-date-order" option, with which the
output is topologically sorted and commits in parallel histories
are shown intermixed together based on the author timestamp.

* jc/topo-author-date-sort:
  t6003: add --author-date-order test
  topology tests: teach a helper to set author dates as well
  t6003: add --date-order test
  topology tests: teach a helper to take abbreviated timestamps
  t/lib-t6000: style fixes
  log: --author-date-order
  sort-in-topological-order: use prio-queue
  prio-queue: priority queue of pointers to structs
  toposort: rename "lifo" field

Mac OS X does not like to write(2) more than INT_MAX number of
bytes; work it around by chopping write(2) into smaller pieces.

* fc/macos-x-clipped-write:
  compate/clipped-write.c: large write(2) fails on Mac OS X/XNU

Make it possible to call into copy-notes API from the sequencer code.

* jh/libify-note-handling:
  Move create_notes_commit() from notes-merge.c into notes-utils.c
  Move copy_note_for_rewrite + friends from builtin/notes.c to notes-utils.c
  finish_copy_notes_for_rewrite(): Let caller provide commit message

* rs/discard-index-discard-array:
  read-cache: free cache in discard_index
  read-cache: add simple performance test