"""A POP3 client class.

Based on the J. Myers POP3 draft, Jan. 96

Author: David Ascher <david_ascher@brown.edu>
        [heavily stealing from nntplib.py]
Updated: Piers Lauder <piers@cs.su.oz.au> [Jul '97]
"""

# Example (see the test function at the end of this file)

TESTSERVER = "localhost"
TESTACCOUNT = "test"
TESTPASSWORD = "_passwd_"

# Imports

import regex, socket, string

# Exception raised when an error or invalid response is received:

class error_proto(Exception): pass

# Standard Port
POP3_PORT = 110

# Line terminators (we always output CRLF, but accept any of CRLF, LFCR, LF)
CR = '\r'
LF = '\n'
CRLF = CR+LF


class POP3:

	"""This class supports both the minimal and optional command sets.
	Arguments can be strings or integers (where appropriate)
	(e.g.: retr(1) and retr('1') both work equally well.

	Minimal Command Set:
		USER name		user(name)
		PASS string		pass_(string)
		STAT			stat()
		LIST [msg]		list(msg = None)
		RETR msg		retr(msg)
		DELE msg		dele(msg)
		NOOP			noop()
		RSET			rset()
		QUIT			quit()

	Optional Commands (some servers support these):
		RPOP name		rpop(name)
		APOP name digest	apop(name, digest)
		TOP msg n		top(msg, n)
		UIDL [msg]		uidl(msg = None)

	Raises one exception: 'error_proto'.

	Instantiate with:
		POP3(hostname, port=110)

	NB:	the POP protocol locks the mailbox from user
		authorisation until QUIT, so be sure to get in, suck
		the messages, and quit, each time you access the
		mailbox.

		POP is a line-based protocol, which means large mail
		messages consume lots of python cycles reading them
		line-by-line.

		If it's available on your mail server, use IMAP4
		instead, it doesn't suffer from the two problems
		above.
	"""


	def __init__(self, host, port = POP3_PORT):
		self.host = host
		self.port = port
		self.sock = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM)
		self.sock.connect(self.host, self.port)
		self.file = self.sock.makefile('rb')
		self._debugging = 0
		self.welcome = self._getresp()


	def _putline(self, line):
		#if self._debugging > 1: print '*put*', `line`
		self.sock.send('%s%s' % (line, CRLF))


	# Internal: send one command to the server (through _putline())

	def _putcmd(self, line):
		#if self._debugging: print '*cmd*', `line`
		self._putline(line)


	# Internal: return one line from the server, stripping CRLF.
	# This is where all the CPU time of this module is consumed.
	# Raise error_proto('-ERR EOF') if the connection is closed.

	def _getline(self):
		line = self.file.readline()
		#if self._debugging > 1: print '*get*', `line`
		if not line: raise error_proto('-ERR EOF')
		octets = len(line)
		# server can send any combination of CR & LF
		# however, 'readline()' returns lines ending in LF
		# so only possibilities are ...LF, ...CRLF, CR...LF
		if line[-2:] == CRLF:
			return line[:-2], octets
		if line[0] == CR:
			return line[1:-1], octets
		return line[:-1], octets


	# Internal: get a response from the server.
	# Raise 'error_proto' if the response doesn't start with '+'.

	def _getresp(self):
		resp, o = self._getline()
		#if self._debugging > 1: print '*resp*', `resp`
		c = resp[:1]
		if c != '+':
			raise error_proto(resp)
		return resp


	# Internal: get a response plus following text from the server.

	def _getlongresp(self):
		resp = self._getresp()
		list = []; octets = 0
		line, o = self._getline()
		while line != '.':
			octets = octets + o
			list.append(line)
			line, o = self._getline()
		return resp, list, octets


	# Internal: send a command and get the response

	def _shortcmd(self, line):
		self._putcmd(line)
		return self._getresp()


	# Internal: send a command and get the response plus following text

	def _longcmd(self, line):
		self._putcmd(line)
		return self._getlongresp()


	# These can be useful:

	def getwelcome(self): 
		return self.welcome


	def set_debuglevel(self, level):
		self._debugging = level


	# Here are all the POP commands:

	def user(self, user):
		"""Send user name, return response
		
		(should indicate password required).
		"""
		return self._shortcmd('USER %s' % user)


	def pass_(self, pswd):
		"""Send password, return response
		
		(response includes message count, mailbox size).

		NB: mailbox is locked by server from here to 'quit()'
		"""
		return self._shortcmd('PASS %s' % pswd)


	def stat(self):
		"""Get mailbox status.
		
		Result is tuple of 2 ints (message count, mailbox size)
		"""
		retval = self._shortcmd('STAT')
		rets = string.split(retval)
		#if self._debugging: print '*stat*', `rets`
		numMessages = string.atoi(rets[1])
		sizeMessages = string.atoi(rets[2])
		return (numMessages, sizeMessages)


	def list(self, which=None):
		"""Request listing, return result.
		Result is in form ['response', ['mesg_num octets', ...]].

		Unsure what the optional 'msg' arg does.
		"""
		if which:
			return self._longcmd('LIST %s' % which)
		return self._longcmd('LIST')


	def retr(self, which):
		"""Retrieve whole message number 'which'.

		Result is in form ['response', ['line', ...], octets].
		"""
		return self._longcmd('RETR %s' % which)


	def dele(self, which):
		"""Delete message number 'which'.

		Result is 'response'.
		"""
		return self._shortcmd('DELE %s' % which)


	def noop(self):
		"""Does nothing.
		
		One supposes the response indicates the server is alive.
		"""
		return self._shortcmd('NOOP')


	def rset(self):
		"""Not sure what this does."""
		return self._shortcmd('RSET')


	def quit(self):
		"""Signoff: commit changes on server, unlock mailbox, close connection."""
		try:
			resp = self._shortcmd('QUIT')
		except error_proto, val:
			resp = val
		self.file.close()
		self.sock.close()
		del self.file, self.sock
		return resp

	#__del__ = quit


	# optional commands:

	def rpop(self, user):
		"""Not sure what this does."""
		return self._shortcmd('RPOP %s' % user)


	timestamp = regex.compile('\+OK.*\(<[^>]+>\)')

	def apop(self, user, secret):
		"""Authorisation
		
		- only possible if server has supplied a timestamp in initial greeting.

		Args:
			user	- mailbox user;
			secret	- secret shared between client and server.

		NB: mailbox is locked by server from here to 'quit()'
		"""
		if self.timestamp.match(self.welcome) <= 0:
			raise error_proto('-ERR APOP not supported by server')
		import md5
		digest = md5.new(self.timestamp.group(1)+secret).digest()
		digest = string.join(map(lambda x:'%02x'%ord(x), digest), '')
		return self._shortcmd('APOP %s %s' % (user, digest))


	def top(self, which, howmuch):
		"""Retrieve message header of message number 'which'
		and first 'howmuch' lines of message body.

		Result is in form ['response', ['line', ...], octets].
		"""
		return self._longcmd('TOP %s %s' % (which, howmuch))


	def uidl(self, which=None):
		"""Return message digest (unique id) list.

		If 'which', result contains unique id for that message,
		otherwise result is list ['response', ['mesgnum uid', ...], octets]
		"""
		if which:
			return self._shortcmd('UIDL %s' % which)
		return self._longcmd('UIDL')

				
if __name__ == "__main__":
	a = POP3(TESTSERVER)
	print a.getwelcome()
	a.user(TESTACCOUNT)
	a.pass_(TESTPASSWORD)
	a.list()
	(numMsgs, totalSize) = a.stat()
	for i in range(1, numMsgs + 1):
		(header, msg, octets) = a.retr(i)
		print "Message ", `i`, ':'
		for line in msg:
			print '   ' + line
		print '-----------------------'
	a.quit()
