import unittest from test import test_support import UserDict, random, string import gc, weakref import sys class DictTest(unittest.TestCase): def test_constructor(self): # calling built-in types without argument must return empty self.assertEqual(dict(), {}) self.assertIsNot(dict(), {}) def test_literal_constructor(self): # check literal constructor for different sized dicts # (to exercise the BUILD_MAP oparg). for n in (0, 1, 6, 256, 400): items = [(''.join(random.sample(string.letters, 8)), i) for i in range(n)] random.shuffle(items) formatted_items = ('{!r}: {:d}'.format(k, v) for k, v in items) dictliteral = '{' + ', '.join(formatted_items) + '}' self.assertEqual(eval(dictliteral), dict(items)) def test_bool(self): self.assertIs(not {}, True) self.assertTrue({1: 2}) self.assertIs(bool({}), False) self.assertIs(bool({1: 2}), True) def test_keys(self): d = {} self.assertEqual(d.keys(), []) d = {'a': 1, 'b': 2} k = d.keys() self.assertEqual(set(k), {'a', 'b'}) self.assertIn('a', k) self.assertIn('b', k) self.assertTrue(d.has_key('a')) self.assertTrue(d.has_key('b')) self.assertRaises(TypeError, d.keys, None) def test_values(self): d = {} self.assertEqual(d.values(), []) d = {1:2} self.assertEqual(d.values(), [2]) self.assertRaises(TypeError, d.values, None) def test_items(self): d = {} self.assertEqual(d.items(), []) d = {1:2} self.assertEqual(d.items(), [(1, 2)]) self.assertRaises(TypeError, d.items, None) def test_has_key(self): d = {} self.assertFalse(d.has_key('a')) d = {'a': 1, 'b': 2} k = d.keys() k.sort() self.assertEqual(k, ['a', 'b']) self.assertRaises(TypeError, d.has_key) def test_contains(self): d = {} self.assertNotIn('a', d) self.assertFalse('a' in d) self.assertTrue('a' not in d) d = {'a': 1, 'b': 2} self.assertIn('a', d) self.assertIn('b', d) self.assertNotIn('c', d) self.assertRaises(TypeError, d.__contains__) def test_len(self): d = {} self.assertEqual(len(d), 0) d = {'a': 1, 'b': 2} self.assertEqual(len(d), 2) def test_getitem(self): d = {'a': 1, 'b': 2} self.assertEqual(d['a'], 1) self.assertEqual(d['b'], 2) d['c'] = 3 d['a'] = 4 self.assertEqual(d['c'], 3) self.assertEqual(d['a'], 4) del d['b'] self.assertEqual(d, {'a': 4, 'c': 3}) self.assertRaises(TypeError, d.__getitem__) class BadEq(object): def __eq__(self, other): raise Exc() def __hash__(self): return 24 d = {} d[BadEq()] = 42 self.assertRaises(KeyError, d.__getitem__, 23) class Exc(Exception): pass class BadHash(object): fail = False def __hash__(self): if self.fail: raise Exc() else: return 42 x = BadHash() d[x] = 42 x.fail = True self.assertRaises(Exc, d.__getitem__, x) def test_clear(self): d = {1:1, 2:2, 3:3} d.clear() self.assertEqual(d, {}) self.assertRaises(TypeError, d.clear, None) def test_update(self): d = {} d.update({1:100}) d.update({2:20}) d.update({1:1, 2:2, 3:3}) self.assertEqual(d, {1:1, 2:2, 3:3}) d.update() self.assertEqual(d, {1:1, 2:2, 3:3}) self.assertRaises((TypeError, AttributeError), d.update, None) class SimpleUserDict: def __init__(self): self.d = {1:1, 2:2, 3:3} def keys(self): return self.d.keys() def __getitem__(self, i): return self.d[i] d.clear() d.update(SimpleUserDict()) self.assertEqual(d, {1:1, 2:2, 3:3}) class Exc(Exception): pass d.clear() class FailingUserDict: def keys(self): raise Exc self.assertRaises(Exc, d.update, FailingUserDict()) class FailingUserDict: def keys(self): class BogonIter: def __init__(self): self.i = 1 def __iter__(self): return self def next(self): if self.i: self.i = 0 return 'a' raise Exc return BogonIter() def __getitem__(self, key): return key self.assertRaises(Exc, d.update, FailingUserDict()) class FailingUserDict: def keys(self): class BogonIter: def __init__(self): self.i = ord('a') def __iter__(self): return self def next(self): if self.i <= ord('z'): rtn = chr(self.i) self.i += 1 return rtn raise StopIteration return BogonIter() def __getitem__(self, key): raise Exc self.assertRaises(Exc, d.update, FailingUserDict()) class badseq(object): def __iter__(self): return self def next(self): raise Exc() self.assertRaises(Exc, {}.update, badseq()) self.assertRaises(ValueError, {}.update, [(1, 2, 3)]) def test_fromkeys(self): self.assertEqual(dict.fromkeys('abc'), {'a':None, 'b':None, 'c':None}) d = {} self.assertIsNot(d.fromkeys('abc'), d) self.assertEqual(d.fromkeys('abc'), {'a':None, 'b':None, 'c':None}) self.assertEqual(d.fromkeys((4,5),0), {4:0, 5:0}) self.assertEqual(d.fromkeys([]), {}) def g(): yield 1 self.assertEqual(d.fromkeys(g()), {1:None}) self.assertRaises(TypeError, {}.fromkeys, 3) class dictlike(dict): pass self.assertEqual(dictlike.fromkeys('a'), {'a':None}) self.assertEqual(dictlike().fromkeys('a'), {'a':None}) self.assertIsInstance(dictlike.fromkeys('a'), dictlike) self.assertIsInstance(dictlike().fromkeys('a'), dictlike) class mydict(dict): def __new__(cls): return UserDict.UserDict() ud = mydict.fromkeys('ab') self.assertEqual(ud, {'a':None, 'b':None}) self.assertIsInstance(ud, UserDict.UserDict) self.assertRaises(TypeError, dict.fromkeys) class Exc(Exception): pass class baddict1(dict): def __init__(self): raise Exc() self.assertRaises(Exc, baddict1.fromkeys, [1]) class BadSeq(object): def __iter__(self): return self def next(self): raise Exc() self.assertRaises(Exc, dict.fromkeys, BadSeq()) class baddict2(dict): def __setitem__(self, key, value): raise Exc() self.assertRaises(Exc, baddict2.fromkeys, [1]) # test fast path for dictionary inputs d = dict(zip(range(6), range(6))) self.assertEqual(dict.fromkeys(d, 0), dict(zip(range(6), [0]*6))) class baddict3(dict): def __new__(cls): return d d = {i : i for i in range(10)} res = d.copy() res.update(a=None, b=None, c=None) self.assertEqual(baddict3.fromkeys({"a", "b", "c"}), res) def test_copy(self): d = {1:1, 2:2, 3:3} self.assertEqual(d.copy(), {1:1, 2:2, 3:3}) self.assertEqual({}.copy(), {}) self.assertRaises(TypeError, d.copy, None) def test_get(self): d = {} self.assertIs(d.get('c'), None) self.assertEqual(d.get('c', 3), 3) d = {'a': 1, 'b': 2} self.assertIs(d.get('c'), None) self.assertEqual(d.get('c', 3), 3) self.assertEqual(d.get('a'), 1) self.assertEqual(d.get('a', 3), 1) self.assertRaises(TypeError, d.get) self.assertRaises(TypeError, d.get, None, None, None) def test_setdefault(self): # dict.setdefault() d = {} self.assertIs(d.setdefault('key0'), None) d.setdefault('key0', []) self.assertIs(d.setdefault('key0'), None) d.setdefault('key', []).append(3) self.assertEqual(d['key'][0], 3) d.setdefault('key', []).append(4) self.assertEqual(len(d['key']), 2) self.assertRaises(TypeError, d.setdefault) class Exc(Exception): pass class BadHash(object): fail = False def __hash__(self): if self.fail: raise Exc() else: return 42 x = BadHash() d[x] = 42 x.fail = True self.assertRaises(Exc, d.setdefault, x, []) def test_setdefault_atomic(self): # Issue #13521: setdefault() calls __hash__ and __eq__ only once. class Hashed(object): def __init__(self): self.hash_count = 0 self.eq_count = 0 def __hash__(self): self.hash_count += 1 return 42 def __eq__(self, other): self.eq_count += 1 return id(self) == id(other) hashed1 = Hashed() y = {hashed1: 5} hashed2 = Hashed() y.setdefault(hashed2, []) self.assertEqual(hashed1.hash_count, 1) self.assertEqual(hashed2.hash_count, 1) self.assertEqual(hashed1.eq_count + hashed2.eq_count, 1) def test_popitem(self): # dict.popitem() for copymode in -1, +1: # -1: b has same structure as a # +1: b is a.copy() for log2size in range(12): size = 2**log2size a = {} b = {} for i in range(size): a[repr(i)] = i if copymode < 0: b[repr(i)] = i if copymode > 0: b = a.copy() for i in range(size): ka, va = ta = a.popitem() self.assertEqual(va, int(ka)) kb, vb = tb = b.popitem() self.assertEqual(vb, int(kb)) self.assertFalse(copymode < 0 and ta != tb) self.assertFalse(a) self.assertFalse(b) d = {} self.assertRaises(KeyError, d.popitem) def test_pop(self): # Tests for pop with specified key d = {} k, v = 'abc', 'def' d[k] = v self.assertRaises(KeyError, d.pop, 'ghi') self.assertEqual(d.pop(k), v) self.assertEqual(len(d), 0) self.assertRaises(KeyError, d.pop, k) # verify longs/ints get same value when key > 32 bits # (for 64-bit archs). See SF bug #689659. x = 4503599627370496L y = 4503599627370496 h = {x: 'anything', y: 'something else'} self.assertEqual(h[x], h[y]) self.assertEqual(d.pop(k, v), v) d[k] = v self.assertEqual(d.pop(k, 1), v) self.assertRaises(TypeError, d.pop) class Exc(Exception): pass class BadHash(object): fail = False def __hash__(self): if self.fail: raise Exc() else: return 42 x = BadHash() d[x] = 42 x.fail = True self.assertRaises(Exc, d.pop, x) def test_mutatingiteration(self): # changing dict size during iteration d = {} d[1] = 1 with self.assertRaises(RuntimeError): for i in d: d[i+1] = 1 def test_repr(self): d = {} self.assertEqual(repr(d), '{}') d[1] = 2 self.assertEqual(repr(d), '{1: 2}') d = {} d[1] = d self.assertEqual(repr(d), '{1: {...}}') class Exc(Exception): pass class BadRepr(object): def __repr__(self): raise Exc() d = {1: BadRepr()} self.assertRaises(Exc, repr, d) def test_repr_deep(self): d = {} for i in range(sys.getrecursionlimit() + 100): d = {1: d} self.assertRaises(RuntimeError, repr, d) def test_le(self): self.assertFalse({} < {}) self.assertFalse({1: 2} < {1L: 2L}) class Exc(Exception): pass class BadCmp(object): def __eq__(self, other): raise Exc() def __hash__(self): return 42 d1 = {BadCmp(): 1} d2 = {1: 1} with self.assertRaises(Exc): d1 < d2 def test_missing(self): # Make sure dict doesn't have a __missing__ method self.assertFalse(hasattr(dict, "__missing__")) self.assertFalse(hasattr({}, "__missing__")) # Test several cases: # (D) subclass defines __missing__ method returning a value # (E) subclass defines __missing__ method raising RuntimeError # (F) subclass sets __missing__ instance variable (no effect) # (G) subclass doesn't define __missing__ at all class D(dict): def __missing__(self, key): return 42 d = D({1: 2, 3: 4}) self.assertEqual(d[1], 2) self.assertEqual(d[3], 4) self.assertNotIn(2, d) self.assertNotIn(2, d.keys()) self.assertEqual(d[2], 42) class E(dict): def __missing__(self, key): raise RuntimeError(key) e = E() with self.assertRaises(RuntimeError) as c: e[42] self.assertEqual(c.exception.args, (42,)) class F(dict): def __init__(self): # An instance variable __missing__ should have no effect self.__missing__ = lambda key: None f = F() with self.assertRaises(KeyError) as c: f[42] self.assertEqual(c.exception.args, (42,)) class G(dict): pass g = G() with self.assertRaises(KeyError) as c: g[42] self.assertEqual(c.exception.args, (42,)) def test_tuple_keyerror(self): # SF #1576657 d = {} with self.assertRaises(KeyError) as c: d[(1,)] self.assertEqual(c.exception.args, ((1,),)) def test_bad_key(self): # Dictionary lookups should fail if __cmp__() raises an exception. class CustomException(Exception): pass class BadDictKey: def __hash__(self): return hash(self.__class__) def __cmp__(self, other): if isinstance(other, self.__class__): raise CustomException return other d = {} x1 = BadDictKey() x2 = BadDictKey() d[x1] = 1 for stmt in ['d[x2] = 2', 'z = d[x2]', 'x2 in d', 'd.has_key(x2)', 'd.get(x2)', 'd.setdefault(x2, 42)', 'd.pop(x2)', 'd.update({x2: 2})']: with self.assertRaises(CustomException): exec stmt in locals() def test_resize1(self): # Dict resizing bug, found by Jack Jansen in 2.2 CVS development. # This version got an assert failure in debug build, infinite loop in # release build. Unfortunately, provoking this kind of stuff requires # a mix of inserts and deletes hitting exactly the right hash codes in # exactly the right order, and I can't think of a randomized approach # that would be *likely* to hit a failing case in reasonable time. d = {} for i in range(5): d[i] = i for i in range(5): del d[i] for i in range(5, 9): # i==8 was the problem d[i] = i def test_resize2(self): # Another dict resizing bug (SF bug #1456209). # This caused Segmentation faults or Illegal instructions. class X(object): def __hash__(self): return 5 def __eq__(self, other): if resizing: d.clear() return False d = {} resizing = False d[X()] = 1 d[X()] = 2 d[X()] = 3 d[X()] = 4 d[X()] = 5 # now trigger a resize resizing = True d[9] = 6 def test_empty_presized_dict_in_freelist(self): # Bug #3537: if an empty but presized dict with a size larger # than 7 was in the freelist, it triggered an assertion failure with self.assertRaises(ZeroDivisionError): d = {'a': 1 // 0, 'b': None, 'c': None, 'd': None, 'e': None, 'f': None, 'g': None, 'h': None} d = {} def test_container_iterator(self): # Bug #3680: tp_traverse was not implemented for dictiter objects class C(object): pass iterators = (dict.iteritems, dict.itervalues, dict.iterkeys) for i in iterators: obj = C() ref = weakref.ref(obj) container = {obj: 1} obj.x = i(container) del obj, container gc.collect() self.assertIs(ref(), None, "Cycle was not collected") def _not_tracked(self, t): # Nested containers can take several collections to untrack gc.collect() gc.collect() self.assertFalse(gc.is_tracked(t), t) def _tracked(self, t): self.assertTrue(gc.is_tracked(t), t) gc.collect() gc.collect() self.assertTrue(gc.is_tracked(t), t) @test_support.cpython_only def test_track_literals(self): # Test GC-optimization of dict literals x, y, z, w = 1.5, "a", (1, None), [] self._not_tracked({}) self._not_tracked({x:(), y:x, z:1}) self._not_tracked({1: "a", "b": 2}) self._not_tracked({1: 2, (None, True, False, ()): int}) self._not_tracked({1: object()}) # Dicts with mutable elements are always tracked, even if those # elements are not tracked right now. self._tracked({1: []}) self._tracked({1: ([],)}) self._tracked({1: {}}) self._tracked({1: set()}) @test_support.cpython_only def test_track_dynamic(self): # Test GC-optimization of dynamically-created dicts class MyObject(object): pass x, y, z, w, o = 1.5, "a", (1, object()), [], MyObject() d = dict() self._not_tracked(d) d[1] = "a" self._not_tracked(d) d[y] = 2 self._not_tracked(d) d[z] = 3 self._not_tracked(d) self._not_tracked(d.copy()) d[4] = w self._tracked(d) self._tracked(d.copy()) d[4] = None self._not_tracked(d) self._not_tracked(d.copy()) # dd isn't tracked right now, but it may mutate and therefore d # which contains it must be tracked. d = dict() dd = dict() d[1] = dd self._not_tracked(dd) self._tracked(d) dd[1] = d self._tracked(dd) d = dict.fromkeys([x, y, z]) self._not_tracked(d) dd = dict() dd.update(d) self._not_tracked(dd) d = dict.fromkeys([x, y, z, o]) self._tracked(d) dd = dict() dd.update(d) self._tracked(dd) d = dict(x=x, y=y, z=z) self._not_tracked(d) d = dict(x=x, y=y, z=z, w=w) self._tracked(d) d = dict() d.update(x=x, y=y, z=z) self._not_tracked(d) d.update(w=w) self._tracked(d) d = dict([(x, y), (z, 1)]) self._not_tracked(d) d = dict([(x, y), (z, w)]) self._tracked(d) d = dict() d.update([(x, y), (z, 1)]) self._not_tracked(d) d.update([(x, y), (z, w)]) self._tracked(d) @test_support.cpython_only def test_track_subtypes(self): # Dict subtypes are always tracked class MyDict(dict): pass self._tracked(MyDict()) def test_free_after_iterating(self): test_support.check_free_after_iterating(self, iter, dict) test_support.check_free_after_iterating(self, lambda d: d.iterkeys(), dict) test_support.check_free_after_iterating(self, lambda d: d.itervalues(), dict) test_support.check_free_after_iterating(self, lambda d: d.iteritems(), dict) test_support.check_free_after_iterating(self, lambda d: iter(d.viewkeys()), dict) test_support.check_free_after_iterating(self, lambda d: iter(d.viewvalues()), dict) test_support.check_free_after_iterating(self, lambda d: iter(d.viewitems()), dict) def test_equal_operator_modifying_operand(self): # test fix for seg fault reported in issue 27945 part 3. class X(object): def __del__(self): dict_b.clear() def __eq__(self, other): dict_a.clear() return True def __hash__(self): return 13 dict_a = {X(): 0} dict_b = {X(): X()} self.assertTrue(dict_a == dict_b) def test_fromkeys_operator_modifying_dict_operand(self): # test fix for seg fault reported in issue 27945 part 4a. class X(int): def __hash__(self): return 13 def __eq__(self, other): if len(d) > 1: d.clear() return False d = {} # this is required to exist so that d can be constructed! d = {X(1): 1, X(2): 2} try: dict.fromkeys(d) # shouldn't crash except RuntimeError: # implementation defined pass def test_fromkeys_operator_modifying_set_operand(self): # test fix for seg fault reported in issue 27945 part 4b. class X(int): def __hash__(self): return 13 def __eq__(self, other): if len(d) > 1: d.clear() return False d = {} # this is required to exist so that d can be constructed! d = {X(1), X(2)} try: dict.fromkeys(d) # shouldn't crash except RuntimeError: # implementation defined pass def test_dictitems_contains_use_after_free(self): class X(object): def __eq__(self, other): d.clear() return NotImplemented __hash__ = object.__hash__ # silence Py3k warning d = {0: set()} try: (0, X()) in d.iteritems() # shouldn't crash except RuntimeError: # implementation defined pass def test_init_use_after_free(self): class X(object): def __hash__(self): pair[:] = [] return 13 pair = [X(), 123] dict([pair]) def test_oob_indexing_dictiter_iternextitem(self): class X(int): def __del__(self): d.clear() d = {i: X(i) for i in range(8)} def iter_and_mutate(): for result in d.iteritems(): if result[0] == 2: d[2] = None # free d[2] --> X(2).__del__ was called self.assertRaises(RuntimeError, iter_and_mutate) from test import mapping_tests class GeneralMappingTests(mapping_tests.BasicTestMappingProtocol): type2test = dict class Dict(dict): pass class SubclassMappingTests(mapping_tests.BasicTestMappingProtocol): type2test = Dict def test_main(): with test_support.check_py3k_warnings( ('dict(.has_key..| inequality comparisons) not supported in 3.x', DeprecationWarning)): test_support.run_unittest( DictTest, GeneralMappingTests, SubclassMappingTests, ) if __name__ == "__main__": test_main()