import builtins import copyreg import gc import itertools import math import pickle import sys import types import unittest import warnings import weakref from copy import deepcopy from test import support try: import _testcapi except ImportError: _testcapi = None class OperatorsTest(unittest.TestCase): def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs): unittest.TestCase.__init__(self, *args, **kwargs) self.binops = { 'add': '+', 'sub': '-', 'mul': '*', 'matmul': '@', 'truediv': '/', 'floordiv': '//', 'divmod': 'divmod', 'pow': '**', 'lshift': '<<', 'rshift': '>>', 'and': '&', 'xor': '^', 'or': '|', 'cmp': 'cmp', 'lt': '<', 'le': '<=', 'eq': '==', 'ne': '!=', 'gt': '>', 'ge': '>=', } for name, expr in list(self.binops.items()): if expr.islower(): expr = expr + "(a, b)" else: expr = 'a %s b' % expr self.binops[name] = expr self.unops = { 'pos': '+', 'neg': '-', 'abs': 'abs', 'invert': '~', 'int': 'int', 'float': 'float', } for name, expr in list(self.unops.items()): if expr.islower(): expr = expr + "(a)" else: expr = '%s a' % expr self.unops[name] = expr def unop_test(self, a, res, expr="len(a)", meth="__len__"): d = {'a': a} self.assertEqual(eval(expr, d), res) t = type(a) m = getattr(t, meth) # Find method in parent class while meth not in t.__dict__: t = t.__bases__[0] # in some implementations (e.g. PyPy), 'm' can be a regular unbound # method object; the getattr() below obtains its underlying function. self.assertEqual(getattr(m, 'im_func', m), t.__dict__[meth]) self.assertEqual(m(a), res) bm = getattr(a, meth) self.assertEqual(bm(), res) def binop_test(self, a, b, res, expr="a+b", meth="__add__"): d = {'a': a, 'b': b} self.assertEqual(eval(expr, d), res) t = type(a) m = getattr(t, meth) while meth not in t.__dict__: t = t.__bases__[0] # in some implementations (e.g. PyPy), 'm' can be a regular unbound # method object; the getattr() below obtains its underlying function. self.assertEqual(getattr(m, 'im_func', m), t.__dict__[meth]) self.assertEqual(m(a, b), res) bm = getattr(a, meth) self.assertEqual(bm(b), res) def sliceop_test(self, a, b, c, res, expr="a[b:c]", meth="__getitem__"): d = {'a': a, 'b': b, 'c': c} self.assertEqual(eval(expr, d), res) t = type(a) m = getattr(t, meth) while meth not in t.__dict__: t = t.__bases__[0] # in some implementations (e.g. PyPy), 'm' can be a regular unbound # method object; the getattr() below obtains its underlying function. self.assertEqual(getattr(m, 'im_func', m), t.__dict__[meth]) self.assertEqual(m(a, slice(b, c)), res) bm = getattr(a, meth) self.assertEqual(bm(slice(b, c)), res) def setop_test(self, a, b, res, stmt="a+=b", meth="__iadd__"): d = {'a': deepcopy(a), 'b': b} exec(stmt, d) self.assertEqual(d['a'], res) t = type(a) m = getattr(t, meth) while meth not in t.__dict__: t = t.__bases__[0] # in some implementations (e.g. PyPy), 'm' can be a regular unbound # method object; the getattr() below obtains its underlying function. self.assertEqual(getattr(m, 'im_func', m), t.__dict__[meth]) d['a'] = deepcopy(a) m(d['a'], b) self.assertEqual(d['a'], res) d['a'] = deepcopy(a) bm = getattr(d['a'], meth) bm(b) self.assertEqual(d['a'], res) def set2op_test(self, a, b, c, res, stmt="a[b]=c", meth="__setitem__"): d = {'a': deepcopy(a), 'b': b, 'c': c} exec(stmt, d) self.assertEqual(d['a'], res) t = type(a) m = getattr(t, meth) while meth not in t.__dict__: t = t.__bases__[0] # in some implementations (e.g. PyPy), 'm' can be a regular unbound # method object; the getattr() below obtains its underlying function. self.assertEqual(getattr(m, 'im_func', m), t.__dict__[meth]) d['a'] = deepcopy(a) m(d['a'], b, c) self.assertEqual(d['a'], res) d['a'] = deepcopy(a) bm = getattr(d['a'], meth) bm(b, c) self.assertEqual(d['a'], res) def setsliceop_test(self, a, b, c, d, res, stmt="a[b:c]=d", meth="__setitem__"): dictionary = {'a': deepcopy(a), 'b': b, 'c': c, 'd': d} exec(stmt, dictionary) self.assertEqual(dictionary['a'], res) t = type(a) while meth not in t.__dict__: t = t.__bases__[0] m = getattr(t, meth) # in some implementations (e.g. PyPy), 'm' can be a regular unbound # method object; the getattr() below obtains its underlying function. self.assertEqual(getattr(m, 'im_func', m), t.__dict__[meth]) dictionary['a'] = deepcopy(a) m(dictionary['a'], slice(b, c), d) self.assertEqual(dictionary['a'], res) dictionary['a'] = deepcopy(a) bm = getattr(dictionary['a'], meth) bm(slice(b, c), d) self.assertEqual(dictionary['a'], res) def test_lists(self): # Testing list operations... # Asserts are within individual test methods self.binop_test([1], [2], [1,2], "a+b", "__add__") self.binop_test([1,2,3], 2, 1, "b in a", "__contains__") self.binop_test([1,2,3], 4, 0, "b in a", "__contains__") self.binop_test([1,2,3], 1, 2, "a[b]", "__getitem__") self.sliceop_test([1,2,3], 0, 2, [1,2], "a[b:c]", "__getitem__") self.setop_test([1], [2], [1,2], "a+=b", "__iadd__") self.setop_test([1,2], 3, [1,2,1,2,1,2], "a*=b", "__imul__") self.unop_test([1,2,3], 3, "len(a)", "__len__") self.binop_test([1,2], 3, [1,2,1,2,1,2], "a*b", "__mul__") self.binop_test([1,2], 3, [1,2,1,2,1,2], "b*a", "__rmul__") self.set2op_test([1,2], 1, 3, [1,3], "a[b]=c", "__setitem__") self.setsliceop_test([1,2,3,4], 1, 3, [5,6], [1,5,6,4], "a[b:c]=d", "__setitem__") def test_dicts(self): # Testing dict operations... self.binop_test({1:2,3:4}, 1, 1, "b in a", "__contains__") self.binop_test({1:2,3:4}, 2, 0, "b in a", "__contains__") self.binop_test({1:2,3:4}, 1, 2, "a[b]", "__getitem__") d = {1:2, 3:4} l1 = [] for i in list(d.keys()): l1.append(i) l = [] for i in iter(d): l.append(i) self.assertEqual(l, l1) l = [] for i in d.__iter__(): l.append(i) self.assertEqual(l, l1) l = [] for i in dict.__iter__(d): l.append(i) self.assertEqual(l, l1) d = {1:2, 3:4} self.unop_test(d, 2, "len(a)", "__len__") self.assertEqual(eval(repr(d), {}), d) self.assertEqual(eval(d.__repr__(), {}), d) self.set2op_test({1:2,3:4}, 2, 3, {1:2,2:3,3:4}, "a[b]=c", "__setitem__") # Tests for unary and binary operators def number_operators(self, a, b, skip=[]): dict = {'a': a, 'b': b} for name, expr in self.binops.items(): if name not in skip: name = "__%s__" % name if hasattr(a, name): res = eval(expr, dict) self.binop_test(a, b, res, expr, name) for name, expr in list(self.unops.items()): if name not in skip: name = "__%s__" % name if hasattr(a, name): res = eval(expr, dict) self.unop_test(a, res, expr, name) def test_ints(self): # Testing int operations... self.number_operators(100, 3) # The following crashes in Python 2.2 self.assertEqual((1).__bool__(), 1) self.assertEqual((0).__bool__(), 0) # This returns 'NotImplemented' in Python 2.2 class C(int): def __add__(self, other): return NotImplemented self.assertEqual(C(5), 5) try: C() + "" except TypeError: pass else: self.fail("NotImplemented should have caused TypeError") def test_floats(self): # Testing float operations... self.number_operators(100.0, 3.0) def test_complexes(self): # Testing complex operations... self.number_operators(100.0j, 3.0j, skip=['lt', 'le', 'gt', 'ge', 'int', 'float', 'floordiv', 'divmod', 'mod']) class Number(complex): __slots__ = ['prec'] def __new__(cls, *args, **kwds): result = complex.__new__(cls, *args) result.prec = kwds.get('prec', 12) return result def __repr__(self): prec = self.prec if self.imag == 0.0: return "%.*g" % (prec, self.real) if self.real == 0.0: return "%.*gj" % (prec, self.imag) return "(%.*g+%.*gj)" % (prec, self.real, prec, self.imag) __str__ = __repr__ a = Number(3.14, prec=6) self.assertEqual(repr(a), "3.14") self.assertEqual(a.prec, 6) a = Number(a, prec=2) self.assertEqual(repr(a), "3.1") self.assertEqual(a.prec, 2) a = Number(234.5) self.assertEqual(repr(a), "234.5") self.assertEqual(a.prec, 12) def test_explicit_reverse_methods(self): # see issue 9930 self.assertEqual(complex.__radd__(3j, 4.0), complex(4.0, 3.0)) self.assertEqual(float.__rsub__(3.0, 1), -2.0) @support.impl_detail("the module 'xxsubtype' is internal") def test_spam_lists(self): # Testing spamlist operations... import copy, xxsubtype as spam def spamlist(l, memo=None): import xxsubtype as spam return spam.spamlist(l) # This is an ugly hack: copy._deepcopy_dispatch[spam.spamlist] = spamlist self.binop_test(spamlist([1]), spamlist([2]), spamlist([1,2]), "a+b", "__add__") self.binop_test(spamlist([1,2,3]), 2, 1, "b in a", "__contains__") self.binop_test(spamlist([1,2,3]), 4, 0, "b in a", "__contains__") self.binop_test(spamlist([1,2,3]), 1, 2, "a[b]", "__getitem__") self.sliceop_test(spamlist([1,2,3]), 0, 2, spamlist([1,2]), "a[b:c]", "__getitem__") self.setop_test(spamlist([1]), spamlist([2]), spamlist([1,2]), "a+=b", "__iadd__") self.setop_test(spamlist([1,2]), 3, spamlist([1,2,1,2,1,2]), "a*=b", "__imul__") self.unop_test(spamlist([1,2,3]), 3, "len(a)", "__len__") self.binop_test(spamlist([1,2]), 3, spamlist([1,2,1,2,1,2]), "a*b", "__mul__") self.binop_test(spamlist([1,2]), 3, spamlist([1,2,1,2,1,2]), "b*a", "__rmul__") self.set2op_test(spamlist([1,2]), 1, 3, spamlist([1,3]), "a[b]=c", "__setitem__") self.setsliceop_test(spamlist([1,2,3,4]), 1, 3, spamlist([5,6]), spamlist([1,5,6,4]), "a[b:c]=d", "__setitem__") # Test subclassing class C(spam.spamlist): def foo(self): return 1 a = C() self.assertEqual(a, []) self.assertEqual(a.foo(), 1) a.append(100) self.assertEqual(a, [100]) self.assertEqual(a.getstate(), 0) a.setstate(42) self.assertEqual(a.getstate(), 42) @support.impl_detail("the module 'xxsubtype' is internal") def test_spam_dicts(self): # Testing spamdict operations... import copy, xxsubtype as spam def spamdict(d, memo=None): import xxsubtype as spam sd = spam.spamdict() for k, v in list(d.items()): sd[k] = v return sd # This is an ugly hack: copy._deepcopy_dispatch[spam.spamdict] = spamdict self.binop_test(spamdict({1:2,3:4}), 1, 1, "b in a", "__contains__") self.binop_test(spamdict({1:2,3:4}), 2, 0, "b in a", "__contains__") self.binop_test(spamdict({1:2,3:4}), 1, 2, "a[b]", "__getitem__") d = spamdict({1:2,3:4}) l1 = [] for i in list(d.keys()): l1.append(i) l = [] for i in iter(d): l.append(i) self.assertEqual(l, l1) l = [] for i in d.__iter__(): l.append(i) self.assertEqual(l, l1) l = [] for i in type(spamdict({})).__iter__(d): l.append(i) self.assertEqual(l, l1) straightd = {1:2, 3:4} spamd = spamdict(straightd) self.unop_test(spamd, 2, "len(a)", "__len__") self.unop_test(spamd, repr(straightd), "repr(a)", "__repr__") self.set2op_test(spamdict({1:2,3:4}), 2, 3, spamdict({1:2,2:3,3:4}), "a[b]=c", "__setitem__") # Test subclassing class C(spam.spamdict): def foo(self): return 1 a = C() self.assertEqual(list(a.items()), []) self.assertEqual(a.foo(), 1) a['foo'] = 'bar' self.assertEqual(list(a.items()), [('foo', 'bar')]) self.assertEqual(a.getstate(), 0) a.setstate(100) self.assertEqual(a.getstate(), 100) def test_wrap_lenfunc_bad_cast(self): self.assertEqual(range(sys.maxsize).__len__(), sys.maxsize) class ClassPropertiesAndMethods(unittest.TestCase): def assertHasAttr(self, obj, name): self.assertTrue(hasattr(obj, name), '%r has no attribute %r' % (obj, name)) def assertNotHasAttr(self, obj, name): self.assertFalse(hasattr(obj, name), '%r has unexpected attribute %r' % (obj, name)) def test_python_dicts(self): # Testing Python subclass of dict... self.assertTrue(issubclass(dict, dict)) self.assertIsInstance({}, dict) d = dict() self.assertEqual(d, {}) self.assertIs(d.__class__, dict) self.assertIsInstance(d, dict) class C(dict): state = -1 def __init__(self_local, *a, **kw): if a: self.assertEqual(len(a), 1) self_local.state = a[0] if kw: for k, v in list(kw.items()): self_local[v] = k def __getitem__(self, key): return self.get(key, 0) def __setitem__(self_local, key, value): self.assertIsInstance(key, type(0)) dict.__setitem__(self_local, key, value) def setstate(self, state): self.state = state def getstate(self): return self.state self.assertTrue(issubclass(C, dict)) a1 = C(12) self.assertEqual(a1.state, 12) a2 = C(foo=1, bar=2) self.assertEqual(a2[1] == 'foo' and a2[2], 'bar') a = C() self.assertEqual(a.state, -1) self.assertEqual(a.getstate(), -1) a.setstate(0) self.assertEqual(a.state, 0) self.assertEqual(a.getstate(), 0) a.setstate(10) self.assertEqual(a.state, 10) self.assertEqual(a.getstate(), 10) self.assertEqual(a[42], 0) a[42] = 24 self.assertEqual(a[42], 24) N = 50 for i in range(N): a[i] = C() for j in range(N): a[i][j] = i*j for i in range(N): for j in range(N): self.assertEqual(a[i][j], i*j) def test_python_lists(self): # Testing Python subclass of list... class C(list): def __getitem__(self, i): if isinstance(i, slice): return i.start, i.stop return list.__getitem__(self, i) + 100 a = C() a.extend([0,1,2]) self.assertEqual(a[0], 100) self.assertEqual(a[1], 101) self.assertEqual(a[2], 102) self.assertEqual(a[100:200], (100,200)) def test_metaclass(self): # Testing metaclasses... class C(metaclass=type): def __init__(self): self.__state = 0 def getstate(self): return self.__state def setstate(self, state): self.__state = state a = C() self.assertEqual(a.getstate(), 0) a.setstate(10) self.assertEqual(a.getstate(), 10) class _metaclass(type): def myself(cls): return cls class D(metaclass=_metaclass): pass self.assertEqual(D.myself(), D) d = D() self.assertEqual(d.__class__, D) class M1(type): def __new__(cls, name, bases, dict): dict['__spam__'] = 1 return type.__new__(cls, name, bases, dict) class C(metaclass=M1): pass self.assertEqual(C.__spam__, 1) c = C() self.assertEqual(c.__spam__, 1) class _instance(object): pass class M2(object): @staticmethod def __new__(cls, name, bases, dict): self = object.__new__(cls) self.name = name self.bases = bases self.dict = dict return self def __call__(self): it = _instance() # Early binding of methods for key in self.dict: if key.startswith("__"): continue setattr(it, key, self.dict[key].__get__(it, self)) return it class C(metaclass=M2): def spam(self): return 42 self.assertEqual(C.name, 'C') self.assertEqual(C.bases, ()) self.assertIn('spam', C.dict) c = C() self.assertEqual(c.spam(), 42) # More metaclass examples class autosuper(type): # Automatically add __super to the class # This trick only works for dynamic classes def __new__(metaclass, name, bases, dict): cls = super(autosuper, metaclass).__new__(metaclass, name, bases, dict) # Name mangling for __super removes leading underscores while name[:1] == "_": name = name[1:] if name: name = "_%s__super" % name else: name = "__super" setattr(cls, name, super(cls)) return cls class A(metaclass=autosuper): def meth(self): return "A" class B(A): def meth(self): return "B" + self.__super.meth() class C(A): def meth(self): return "C" + self.__super.meth() class D(C, B): def meth(self): return "D" + self.__super.meth() self.assertEqual(D().meth(), "DCBA") class E(B, C): def meth(self): return "E" + self.__super.meth() self.assertEqual(E().meth(), "EBCA") class autoproperty(type): # Automatically create property attributes when methods # named _get_x and/or _set_x are found def __new__(metaclass, name, bases, dict): hits = {} for key, val in dict.items(): if key.startswith("_get_"): key = key[5:] get, set = hits.get(key, (None, None)) get = val hits[key] = get, set elif key.startswith("_set_"): key = key[5:] get, set = hits.get(key, (None, None)) set = val hits[key] = get, set for key, (get, set) in hits.items(): dict[key] = property(get, set) return super(autoproperty, metaclass).__new__(metaclass, name, bases, dict) class A(metaclass=autoproperty): def _get_x(self): return -self.__x def _set_x(self, x): self.__x = -x a = A() self.assertNotHasAttr(a, "x") a.x = 12 self.assertEqual(a.x, 12) self.assertEqual(a._A__x, -12) class multimetaclass(autoproperty, autosuper): # Merge of multiple cooperating metaclasses pass class A(metaclass=multimetaclass): def _get_x(self): return "A" class B(A): def _get_x(self): return "B" + self.__super._get_x() class C(A): def _get_x(self): return "C" + self.__super._get_x() class D(C, B): def _get_x(self): return "D" + self.__super._get_x() self.assertEqual(D().x, "DCBA") # Make sure type(x) doesn't call x.__class__.__init__ class T(type): counter = 0 def __init__(self, *args): T.counter += 1 class C(metaclass=T): pass self.assertEqual(T.counter, 1) a = C() self.assertEqual(type(a), C) self.assertEqual(T.counter, 1) class C(object): pass c = C() try: c() except TypeError: pass else: self.fail("calling object w/o call method should raise " "TypeError") # Testing code to find most derived baseclass class A(type): def __new__(*args, **kwargs): return type.__new__(*args, **kwargs) class B(object): pass class C(object, metaclass=A): pass # The most derived metaclass of D is A rather than type. class D(B, C): pass self.assertIs(A, type(D)) # issue1294232: correct metaclass calculation new_calls = [] # to check the order of __new__ calls class AMeta(type): @staticmethod def __new__(mcls, name, bases, ns): new_calls.append('AMeta') return super().__new__(mcls, name, bases, ns) @classmethod def __prepare__(mcls, name, bases): return {} class BMeta(AMeta): @staticmethod def __new__(mcls, name, bases, ns): new_calls.append('BMeta') return super().__new__(mcls, name, bases, ns) @classmethod def __prepare__(mcls, name, bases): ns = super().__prepare__(name, bases) ns['BMeta_was_here'] = True return ns class A(metaclass=AMeta): pass self.assertEqual(['AMeta'], new_calls) new_calls.clear() class B(metaclass=BMeta): pass # BMeta.__new__ calls AMeta.__new__ with super: self.assertEqual(['BMeta', 'AMeta'], new_calls) new_calls.clear() class C(A, B): pass # The most derived metaclass is BMeta: self.assertEqual(['BMeta', 'AMeta'], new_calls) new_calls.clear() # BMeta.__prepare__ should've been called: self.assertIn('BMeta_was_here', C.__dict__) # The order of the bases shouldn't matter: class C2(B, A): pass self.assertEqual(['BMeta', 'AMeta'], new_calls) new_calls.clear() self.assertIn('BMeta_was_here', C2.__dict__) # Check correct metaclass calculation when a metaclass is declared: class D(C, metaclass=type): pass self.assertEqual(['BMeta', 'AMeta'], new_calls) new_calls.clear() self.assertIn('BMeta_was_here', D.__dict__) class E(C, metaclass=AMeta): pass self.assertEqual(['BMeta', 'AMeta'], new_calls) new_calls.clear() self.assertIn('BMeta_was_here', E.__dict__) # Special case: the given metaclass isn't a class, # so there is no metaclass calculation. marker = object() def func(*args, **kwargs): return marker class X(metaclass=func): pass class Y(object, metaclass=func): pass class Z(D, metaclass=func): pass self.assertIs(marker, X) self.assertIs(marker, Y) self.assertIs(marker, Z) # The given metaclass is a class, # but not a descendant of type. prepare_calls = [] # to track __prepare__ calls class ANotMeta: def __new__(mcls, *args, **kwargs): new_calls.append('ANotMeta') return super().__new__(mcls) @classmethod def __prepare__(mcls, name, bases): prepare_calls.append('ANotMeta') return {} class BNotMeta(ANotMeta): def __new__(mcls, *args, **kwargs): new_calls.append('BNotMeta') return super().__new__(mcls) @classmethod def __prepare__(mcls, name, bases): prepare_calls.append('BNotMeta') return super().__prepare__(name, bases) class A(metaclass=ANotMeta): pass self.assertIs(ANotMeta, type(A)) self.assertEqual(['ANotMeta'], prepare_calls) prepare_calls.clear() self.assertEqual(['ANotMeta'], new_calls) new_calls.clear() class B(metaclass=BNotMeta): pass self.assertIs(BNotMeta, type(B)) self.assertEqual(['BNotMeta', 'ANotMeta'], prepare_calls) prepare_calls.clear() self.assertEqual(['BNotMeta', 'ANotMeta'], new_calls) new_calls.clear() class C(A, B): pass self.assertIs(BNotMeta, type(C)) self.assertEqual(['BNotMeta', 'ANotMeta'], new_calls) new_calls.clear() self.assertEqual(['BNotMeta', 'ANotMeta'], prepare_calls) prepare_calls.clear() class C2(B, A): pass self.assertIs(BNotMeta, type(C2)) self.assertEqual(['BNotMeta', 'ANotMeta'], new_calls) new_calls.clear() self.assertEqual(['BNotMeta', 'ANotMeta'], prepare_calls) prepare_calls.clear() # This is a TypeError, because of a metaclass conflict: # BNotMeta is neither a subclass, nor a superclass of type with self.assertRaises(TypeError): class D(C, metaclass=type): pass class E(C, metaclass=ANotMeta): pass self.assertIs(BNotMeta, type(E)) self.assertEqual(['BNotMeta', 'ANotMeta'], new_calls) new_calls.clear() self.assertEqual(['BNotMeta', 'ANotMeta'], prepare_calls) prepare_calls.clear() class F(object(), C): pass self.assertIs(BNotMeta, type(F)) self.assertEqual(['BNotMeta', 'ANotMeta'], new_calls) new_calls.clear() self.assertEqual(['BNotMeta', 'ANotMeta'], prepare_calls) prepare_calls.clear() class F2(C, object()): pass self.assertIs(BNotMeta, type(F2)) self.assertEqual(['BNotMeta', 'ANotMeta'], new_calls) new_calls.clear() self.assertEqual(['BNotMeta', 'ANotMeta'], prepare_calls) prepare_calls.clear() # TypeError: BNotMeta is neither a # subclass, nor a superclass of int with self.assertRaises(TypeError): class X(C, int()): pass with self.assertRaises(TypeError): class X(int(), C): pass def test_module_subclasses(self): # Testing Python subclass of module... log = [] MT = type(sys) class MM(MT): def __init__(self, name): MT.__init__(self, name) def __getattribute__(self, name): log.append(("getattr", name)) return MT.__getattribute__(self, name) def __setattr__(self, name, value): log.append(("setattr", name, value)) MT.__setattr__(self, name, value) def __delattr__(self, name): log.append(("delattr", name)) MT.__delattr__(self, name) a = MM("a") a.foo = 12 x = a.foo del a.foo self.assertEqual(log, [("setattr", "foo", 12), ("getattr", "foo"), ("delattr", "foo")]) # http://python.org/sf/1174712 try: class Module(types.ModuleType, str): pass except TypeError: pass else: self.fail("inheriting from ModuleType and str at the same time " "should fail") def test_multiple_inheritance(self): # Testing multiple inheritance... class C(object): def __init__(self): self.__state = 0 def getstate(self): return self.__state def setstate(self, state): self.__state = state a = C() self.assertEqual(a.getstate(), 0) a.setstate(10) self.assertEqual(a.getstate(), 10) class D(dict, C): def __init__(self): type({}).__init__(self) C.__init__(self) d = D() self.assertEqual(list(d.keys()), []) d["hello"] = "world" self.assertEqual(list(d.items()), [("hello", "world")]) self.assertEqual(d["hello"], "world") self.assertEqual(d.getstate(), 0) d.setstate(10) self.assertEqual(d.getstate(), 10) self.assertEqual(D.__mro__, (D, dict, C, object)) # SF bug #442833 class Node(object): def __int__(self): return int(self.foo()) def foo(self): return "23" class Frag(Node, list): def foo(self): return "42" self.assertEqual(Node().__int__(), 23) self.assertEqual(int(Node()), 23) self.assertEqual(Frag().__int__(), 42) self.assertEqual(int(Frag()), 42) def test_diamond_inheritance(self): # Testing multiple inheritance special cases... class A(object): def spam(self): return "A" self.assertEqual(A().spam(), "A") class B(A): def boo(self): return "B" def spam(self): return "B" self.assertEqual(B().spam(), "B") self.assertEqual(B().boo(), "B") class C(A): def boo(self): return "C" self.assertEqual(C().spam(), "A") self.assertEqual(C().boo(), "C") class D(B, C): pass self.assertEqual(D().spam(), "B") self.assertEqual(D().boo(), "B") self.assertEqual(D.__mro__, (D, B, C, A, object)) class E(C, B): pass self.assertEqual(E().spam(), "B") self.assertEqual(E().boo(), "C") self.assertEqual(E.__mro__, (E, C, B, A, object)) # MRO order disagreement try: class F(D, E): pass except TypeError: pass else: self.fail("expected MRO order disagreement (F)") try: class G(E, D): pass except TypeError: pass else: self.fail("expected MRO order disagreement (G)") # see thread python-dev/2002-October/029035.html def test_ex5_from_c3_switch(self): # Testing ex5 from C3 switch discussion... class A(object): pass class B(object): pass class C(object): pass class X(A): pass class Y(A): pass class Z(X,B,Y,C): pass self.assertEqual(Z.__mro__, (Z, X, B, Y, A, C, object)) # see "A Monotonic Superclass Linearization for Dylan", # by Kim Barrett et al. (OOPSLA 1996) def test_monotonicity(self): # Testing MRO monotonicity... class Boat(object): pass class DayBoat(Boat): pass class WheelBoat(Boat): pass class EngineLess(DayBoat): pass class SmallMultihull(DayBoat): pass class PedalWheelBoat(EngineLess,WheelBoat): pass class SmallCatamaran(SmallMultihull): pass class Pedalo(PedalWheelBoat,SmallCatamaran): pass self.assertEqual(PedalWheelBoat.__mro__, (PedalWheelBoat, EngineLess, DayBoat, WheelBoat, Boat, object)) self.assertEqual(SmallCatamaran.__mro__, (SmallCatamaran, SmallMultihull, DayBoat, Boat, object)) self.assertEqual(Pedalo.__mro__, (Pedalo, PedalWheelBoat, EngineLess, SmallCatamaran, SmallMultihull, DayBoat, WheelBoat, Boat, object)) # see "A Monotonic Superclass Linearization for Dylan", # by Kim Barrett et al. (OOPSLA 1996) def test_consistency_with_epg(self): # Testing consistency with EPG... class Pane(object): pass class ScrollingMixin(object): pass class EditingMixin(object): pass class ScrollablePane(Pane,ScrollingMixin): pass class EditablePane(Pane,EditingMixin): pass class EditableScrollablePane(ScrollablePane,EditablePane): pass self.assertEqual(EditableScrollablePane.__mro__, (EditableScrollablePane, ScrollablePane, EditablePane, Pane, ScrollingMixin, EditingMixin, object)) def test_mro_disagreement(self): # Testing error messages for MRO disagreement... mro_err_msg = """Cannot create a consistent method resolution order (MRO) for bases """ def raises(exc, expected, callable, *args): try: callable(*args) except exc as msg: # the exact msg is generally considered an impl detail if support.check_impl_detail(): if not str(msg).startswith(expected): self.fail("Message %r, expected %r" % (str(msg), expected)) else: self.fail("Expected %s" % exc) class A(object): pass class B(A): pass class C(object): pass # Test some very simple errors raises(TypeError, "duplicate base class A", type, "X", (A, A), {}) raises(TypeError, mro_err_msg, type, "X", (A, B), {}) raises(TypeError, mro_err_msg, type, "X", (A, C, B), {}) # Test a slightly more complex error class GridLayout(object): pass class HorizontalGrid(GridLayout): pass class VerticalGrid(GridLayout): pass class HVGrid(HorizontalGrid, VerticalGrid): pass class VHGrid(VerticalGrid, HorizontalGrid): pass raises(TypeError, mro_err_msg, type, "ConfusedGrid", (HVGrid, VHGrid), {}) def test_object_class(self): # Testing object class... a = object() self.assertEqual(a.__class__, object) self.assertEqual(type(a), object) b = object() self.assertNotEqual(a, b) self.assertNotHasAttr(a, "foo") try: a.foo = 12 except (AttributeError, TypeError): pass else: self.fail("object() should not allow setting a foo attribute") self.assertNotHasAttr(object(), "__dict__") class Cdict(object): pass x = Cdict() self.assertEqual(x.__dict__, {}) x.foo = 1 self.assertEqual(x.foo, 1) self.assertEqual(x.__dict__, {'foo': 1}) def test_object_class_assignment_between_heaptypes_and_nonheaptypes(self): class SubType(types.ModuleType): a = 1 m = types.ModuleType("m") self.assertTrue(m.__class__ is types.ModuleType) self.assertFalse(hasattr(m, "a")) m.__class__ = SubType self.assertTrue(m.__class__ is SubType) self.assertTrue(hasattr(m, "a")) m.__class__ = types.ModuleType self.assertTrue(m.__class__ is types.ModuleType) self.assertFalse(hasattr(m, "a")) # Make sure that builtin immutable objects don't support __class__ # assignment, because the object instances may be interned. # We set __slots__ = () to ensure that the subclasses are # memory-layout compatible, and thus otherwise reasonable candidates # for __class__ assignment. # The following types have immutable instances, but are not # subclassable and thus don't need to be checked: # NoneType, bool class MyInt(int): __slots__ = () with self.assertRaises(TypeError): (1).__class__ = MyInt class MyFloat(float): __slots__ = () with self.assertRaises(TypeError): (1.0).__class__ = MyFloat class MyComplex(complex): __slots__ = () with self.assertRaises(TypeError): (1 + 2j).__class__ = MyComplex class MyStr(str): __slots__ = () with self.assertRaises(TypeError): "a".__class__ = MyStr class MyBytes(bytes): __slots__ = () with self.assertRaises(TypeError): b"a".__class__ = MyBytes class MyTuple(tuple): __slots__ = () with self.assertRaises(TypeError): ().__class__ = MyTuple class MyFrozenSet(frozenset): __slots__ = () with self.assertRaises(TypeError): frozenset().__class__ = MyFrozenSet def test_slots(self): # Testing __slots__... class C0(object): __slots__ = [] x = C0() self.assertNotHasAttr(x, "__dict__") self.assertNotHasAttr(x, "foo") class C1(object): __slots__ = ['a'] x = C1() self.assertNotHasAttr(x, "__dict__") self.assertNotHasAttr(x, "a") x.a = 1 self.assertEqual(x.a, 1) x.a = None self.assertEqual(x.a, None) del x.a self.assertNotHasAttr(x, "a") class C3(object): __slots__ = ['a', 'b', 'c'] x = C3() self.assertNotHasAttr(x, "__dict__") self.assertNotHasAttr(x, 'a') self.assertNotHasAttr(x, 'b') self.assertNotHasAttr(x, 'c') x.a = 1 x.b = 2 x.c = 3 self.assertEqual(x.a, 1) self.assertEqual(x.b, 2) self.assertEqual(x.c, 3) class C4(object): """Validate name mangling""" __slots__ = ['__a'] def __init__(self, value): self.__a = value def get(self): return self.__a x = C4(5) self.assertNotHasAttr(x, '__dict__') self.assertNotHasAttr(x, '__a') self.assertEqual(x.get(), 5) try: x.__a = 6 except AttributeError: pass else: self.fail("Double underscored names not mangled") # Make sure slot names are proper identifiers try: class C(object): __slots__ = [None] except TypeError: pass else: self.fail("[None] slots not caught") try: class C(object): __slots__ = ["foo bar"] except TypeError: pass else: self.fail("['foo bar'] slots not caught") try: class C(object): __slots__ = ["foo\0bar"] except TypeError: pass else: self.fail("['foo\\0bar'] slots not caught") try: class C(object): __slots__ = ["1"] except TypeError: pass else: self.fail("['1'] slots not caught") try: class C(object): __slots__ = [""] except TypeError: pass else: self.fail("[''] slots not caught") class C(object): __slots__ = ["a", "a_b", "_a", "A0123456789Z"] # XXX(nnorwitz): was there supposed to be something tested # from the class above? # Test a single string is not expanded as a sequence. class C(object): __slots__ = "abc" c = C() c.abc = 5 self.assertEqual(c.abc, 5) # Test unicode slot names # Test a single unicode string is not expanded as a sequence. class C(object): __slots__ = "abc" c = C() c.abc = 5 self.assertEqual(c.abc, 5) # _unicode_to_string used to modify slots in certain circumstances slots = ("foo", "bar") class C(object): __slots__ = slots x = C() x.foo = 5 self.assertEqual(x.foo, 5) self.assertIs(type(slots[0]), str) # this used to leak references try: class C(object): __slots__ = [chr(128)] except (TypeError, UnicodeEncodeError): pass else: self.fail("[chr(128)] slots not caught") # Test leaks class Counted(object): counter = 0 # counts the number of instances alive def __init__(self): Counted.counter += 1 def __del__(self): Counted.counter -= 1 class C(object): __slots__ = ['a', 'b', 'c'] x = C() x.a = Counted() x.b = Counted() x.c = Counted() self.assertEqual(Counted.counter, 3) del x support.gc_collect() self.assertEqual(Counted.counter, 0) class D(C): pass x = D() x.a = Counted() x.z = Counted() self.assertEqual(Counted.counter, 2) del x support.gc_collect() self.assertEqual(Counted.counter, 0) class E(D): __slots__ = ['e'] x = E() x.a = Counted() x.z = Counted() x.e = Counted() self.assertEqual(Counted.counter, 3) del x support.gc_collect() self.assertEqual(Counted.counter, 0) # Test cyclical leaks [SF bug 519621] class F(object): __slots__ = ['a', 'b'] s = F() s.a = [Counted(), s] self.assertEqual(Counted.counter, 1) s = None support.gc_collect() self.assertEqual(Counted.counter, 0) # Test lookup leaks [SF bug 572567] if hasattr(gc, 'get_objects'): class G(object): def __eq__(self, other): return False g = G() orig_objects = len(gc.get_objects()) for i in range(10): g==g new_objects = len(gc.get_objects()) self.assertEqual(orig_objects, new_objects) class H(object): __slots__ = ['a', 'b'] def __init__(self): self.a = 1 self.b = 2 def __del__(self_): self.assertEqual(self_.a, 1) self.assertEqual(self_.b, 2) with support.captured_output('stderr') as s: h = H() del h self.assertEqual(s.getvalue(), '') class X(object): __slots__ = "a" with self.assertRaises(AttributeError): del X().a def test_slots_special(self): # Testing __dict__ and __weakref__ in __slots__... class D(object): __slots__ = ["__dict__"] a = D() self.assertHasAttr(a, "__dict__") self.assertNotHasAttr(a, "__weakref__") a.foo = 42 self.assertEqual(a.__dict__, {"foo": 42}) class W(object): __slots__ = ["__weakref__"] a = W() self.assertHasAttr(a, "__weakref__") self.assertNotHasAttr(a, "__dict__") try: a.foo = 42 except AttributeError: pass else: self.fail("shouldn't be allowed to set a.foo") class C1(W, D): __slots__ = [] a = C1() self.assertHasAttr(a, "__dict__") self.assertHasAttr(a, "__weakref__") a.foo = 42 self.assertEqual(a.__dict__, {"foo": 42}) class C2(D, W): __slots__ = [] a = C2() self.assertHasAttr(a, "__dict__") self.assertHasAttr(a, "__weakref__") a.foo = 42 self.assertEqual(a.__dict__, {"foo": 42}) def test_slots_special2(self): # Testing __qualname__ and __classcell__ in __slots__ class Meta(type): def __new__(cls, name, bases, namespace, attr): self.assertIn(attr, namespace) return super().__new__(cls, name, bases, namespace) class C1: def __init__(self): self.b = 42 class C2(C1, metaclass=Meta, attr="__classcell__"): __slots__ = ["__classcell__"] def __init__(self): super().__init__() self.assertIsInstance(C2.__dict__["__classcell__"], types.MemberDescriptorType) c = C2() self.assertEqual(c.b, 42) self.assertNotHasAttr(c, "__classcell__") c.__classcell__ = 42 self.assertEqual(c.__classcell__, 42) with self.assertRaises(TypeError): class C3: __classcell__ = 42 __slots__ = ["__classcell__"] class Q1(metaclass=Meta, attr="__qualname__"): __slots__ = ["__qualname__"] self.assertEqual(Q1.__qualname__, C1.__qualname__[:-2] + "Q1") self.assertIsInstance(Q1.__dict__["__qualname__"], types.MemberDescriptorType) q = Q1() self.assertNotHasAttr(q, "__qualname__") q.__qualname__ = "q" self.assertEqual(q.__qualname__, "q") with self.assertRaises(TypeError): class Q2: __qualname__ = object() __slots__ = ["__qualname__"] def test_slots_descriptor(self): # Issue2115: slot descriptors did not correctly check # the type of the given object import abc class MyABC(metaclass=abc.ABCMeta): __slots__ = "a" class Unrelated(object): pass MyABC.register(Unrelated) u = Unrelated() self.assertIsInstance(u, MyABC) # This used to crash self.assertRaises(TypeError, MyABC.a.__set__, u, 3) def test_dynamics(self): # Testing class attribute propagation... class D(object): pass class E(D): pass class F(D): pass D.foo = 1 self.assertEqual(D.foo, 1) # Test that dynamic attributes are inherited self.assertEqual(E.foo, 1) self.assertEqual(F.foo, 1) # Test dynamic instances class C(object): pass a = C() self.assertNotHasAttr(a, "foobar") C.foobar = 2 self.assertEqual(a.foobar, 2) C.method = lambda self: 42 self.assertEqual(a.method(), 42) C.__repr__ = lambda self: "C()" self.assertEqual(repr(a), "C()") C.__int__ = lambda self: 100 self.assertEqual(int(a), 100) self.assertEqual(a.foobar, 2) self.assertNotHasAttr(a, "spam") def mygetattr(self, name): if name == "spam": return "spam" raise AttributeError C.__getattr__ = mygetattr self.assertEqual(a.spam, "spam") a.new = 12 self.assertEqual(a.new, 12) def mysetattr(self, name, value): if name == "spam": raise AttributeError return object.__setattr__(self, name, value) C.__setattr__ = mysetattr try: a.spam = "not spam" except AttributeError: pass else: self.fail("expected AttributeError") self.assertEqual(a.spam, "spam") class D(C): pass d = D() d.foo = 1 self.assertEqual(d.foo, 1) # Test handling of int*seq and seq*int class I(int): pass self.assertEqual("a"*I(2), "aa") self.assertEqual(I(2)*"a", "aa") self.assertEqual(2*I(3), 6) self.assertEqual(I(3)*2, 6) self.assertEqual(I(3)*I(2), 6) # Test comparison of classes with dynamic metaclasses class dynamicmetaclass(type): pass class someclass(metaclass=dynamicmetaclass): pass self.assertNotEqual(someclass, object) def test_errors(self): # Testing errors... try: class C(list, dict): pass except TypeError: pass else: self.fail("inheritance from both list and dict should be illegal") try: class C(object, None): pass except TypeError: pass else: self.fail("inheritance from non-type should be illegal") class Classic: pass try: class C(type(len)): pass except TypeError: pass else: self.fail("inheritance from CFunction should be illegal") try: class C(object): __slots__ = 1 except TypeError: pass else: self.fail("__slots__ = 1 should be illegal") try: class C(object): __slots__ = [1] except TypeError: pass else: self.fail("__slots__ = [1] should be illegal") class M1(type): pass class M2(type): pass class A1(object, metaclass=M1): pass class A2(object, metaclass=M2): pass try: class B(A1, A2): pass except TypeError: pass else: self.fail("finding the most derived metaclass should have failed") def test_classmethods(self): # Testing class methods... class C(object): def foo(*a): return a goo = classmethod(foo) c = C() self.assertEqual(C.goo(1), (C, 1)) self.assertEqual(c.goo(1), (C, 1)) self.assertEqual(c.foo(1), (c, 1)) class D(C): pass d = D() self.assertEqual(D.goo(1), (D, 1)) self.assertEqual(d.goo(1), (D, 1)) self.assertEqual(d.foo(1), (d, 1)) self.assertEqual(D.foo(d, 1), (d, 1)) # Test for a specific crash (SF bug 528132) def f(cls, arg): return (cls, arg) ff = classmethod(f) self.assertEqual(ff.__get__(0, int)(42), (int, 42)) self.assertEqual(ff.__get__(0)(42), (int, 42)) # Test super() with classmethods (SF bug 535444) self.assertEqual(C.goo.__self__, C) self.assertEqual(D.goo.__self__, D) self.assertEqual(super(D,D).goo.__self__, D) self.assertEqual(super(D,d).goo.__self__, D) self.assertEqual(super(D,D).goo(), (D,)) self.assertEqual(super(D,d).goo(), (D,)) # Verify that a non-callable will raise meth = classmethod(1).__get__(1) self.assertRaises(TypeError, meth) # Verify that classmethod() doesn't allow keyword args try: classmethod(f, kw=1) except TypeError: pass else: self.fail("classmethod shouldn't accept keyword args") cm = classmethod(f) self.assertEqual(cm.__dict__, {}) cm.x = 42 self.assertEqual(cm.x, 42) self.assertEqual(cm.__dict__, {"x" : 42}) del cm.x self.assertNotHasAttr(cm, "x") @support.refcount_test def test_refleaks_in_classmethod___init__(self): gettotalrefcount = support.get_attribute(sys, 'gettotalrefcount') cm = classmethod(None) refs_before = gettotalrefcount() for i in range(100): cm.__init__(None) self.assertAlmostEqual(gettotalrefcount() - refs_before, 0, delta=10) @support.impl_detail("the module 'xxsubtype' is internal") def test_classmethods_in_c(self): # Testing C-based class methods... import xxsubtype as spam a = (1, 2, 3) d = {'abc': 123} x, a1, d1 = spam.spamlist.classmeth(*a, **d) self.assertEqual(x, spam.spamlist) self.assertEqual(a, a1) self.assertEqual(d, d1) x, a1, d1 = spam.spamlist().classmeth(*a, **d) self.assertEqual(x, spam.spamlist) self.assertEqual(a, a1) self.assertEqual(d, d1) spam_cm = spam.spamlist.__dict__['classmeth'] x2, a2, d2 = spam_cm(spam.spamlist, *a, **d) self.assertEqual(x2, spam.spamlist) self.assertEqual(a2, a1) self.assertEqual(d2, d1) class SubSpam(spam.spamlist): pass x2, a2, d2 = spam_cm(SubSpam, *a, **d) self.assertEqual(x2, SubSpam) self.assertEqual(a2, a1) self.assertEqual(d2, d1) with self.assertRaises(TypeError) as cm: spam_cm() self.assertEqual( str(cm.exception), "descriptor 'classmeth' of 'xxsubtype.spamlist' " "object needs an argument") with self.assertRaises(TypeError) as cm: spam_cm(spam.spamlist()) self.assertEqual( str(cm.exception), "descriptor 'classmeth' for type 'xxsubtype.spamlist' " "needs a type, not a 'xxsubtype.spamlist' as arg 2") with self.assertRaises(TypeError) as cm: spam_cm(list) expected_errmsg = ( "descriptor 'classmeth' requires a subtype of 'xxsubtype.spamlist' " "but received 'list'") self.assertEqual(str(cm.exception), expected_errmsg) with self.assertRaises(TypeError) as cm: spam_cm.__get__(None, list) self.assertEqual(str(cm.exception), expected_errmsg) def test_staticmethods(self): # Testing static methods... class C(object): def foo(*a): return a goo = staticmethod(foo) c = C() self.assertEqual(C.goo(1), (1,)) self.assertEqual(c.goo(1), (1,)) self.assertEqual(c.foo(1), (c, 1,)) class D(C): pass d = D() self.assertEqual(D.goo(1), (1,)) self.assertEqual(d.goo(1), (1,)) self.assertEqual(d.foo(1), (d, 1)) self.assertEqual(D.foo(d, 1), (d, 1)) sm = staticmethod(None) self.assertEqual(sm.__dict__, {}) sm.x = 42 self.assertEqual(sm.x, 42) self.assertEqual(sm.__dict__, {"x" : 42}) del sm.x self.assertNotHasAttr(sm, "x") @support.refcount_test def test_refleaks_in_staticmethod___init__(self): gettotalrefcount = support.get_attribute(sys, 'gettotalrefcount') sm = staticmethod(None) refs_before = gettotalrefcount() for i in range(100): sm.__init__(None) self.assertAlmostEqual(gettotalrefcount() - refs_before, 0, delta=10) @support.impl_detail("the module 'xxsubtype' is internal") def test_staticmethods_in_c(self): # Testing C-based static methods... import xxsubtype as spam a = (1, 2, 3) d = {"abc": 123} x, a1, d1 = spam.spamlist.staticmeth(*a, **d) self.assertEqual(x, None) self.assertEqual(a, a1) self.assertEqual(d, d1) x, a1, d2 = spam.spamlist().staticmeth(*a, **d) self.assertEqual(x, None) self.assertEqual(a, a1) self.assertEqual(d, d1) def test_classic(self): # Testing classic classes... class C: def foo(*a): return a goo = classmethod(foo) c = C() self.assertEqual(C.goo(1), (C, 1)) self.assertEqual(c.goo(1), (C, 1)) self.assertEqual(c.foo(1), (c, 1)) class D(C): pass d = D() self.assertEqual(D.goo(1), (D, 1)) self.assertEqual(d.goo(1), (D, 1)) self.assertEqual(d.foo(1), (d, 1)) self.assertEqual(D.foo(d, 1), (d, 1)) class E: # *not* subclassing from C foo = C.foo self.assertEqual(E().foo.__func__, C.foo) # i.e., unbound self.assertTrue(repr(C.foo.__get__(C())).startswith("= other def __gt__(self, other): return self.x > other def __le__(self, other): return self.x <= other def __lt__(self, other): return self.x < other def __str__(self): return "Proxy:%s" % self.x def __repr__(self): return "Proxy(%r)" % self.x def __contains__(self, value): return value in self.x p0 = Proxy(0) p1 = Proxy(1) p_1 = Proxy(-1) self.assertFalse(p0) self.assertFalse(not p1) self.assertEqual(hash(p0), hash(0)) self.assertEqual(p0, p0) self.assertNotEqual(p0, p1) self.assertFalse(p0 != p0) self.assertEqual(not p0, p1) self.assertTrue(p0 < p1) self.assertTrue(p0 <= p1) self.assertTrue(p1 > p0) self.assertTrue(p1 >= p0) self.assertEqual(str(p0), "Proxy:0") self.assertEqual(repr(p0), "Proxy(0)") p10 = Proxy(range(10)) self.assertNotIn(-1, p10) for i in range(10): self.assertIn(i, p10) self.assertNotIn(10, p10) def test_weakrefs(self): # Testing weak references... import weakref class C(object): pass c = C() r = weakref.ref(c) self.assertEqual(r(), c) del c support.gc_collect() self.assertEqual(r(), None) del r class NoWeak(object): __slots__ = ['foo'] no = NoWeak() try: weakref.ref(no) except TypeError as msg: self.assertIn("weak reference", str(msg)) else: self.fail("weakref.ref(no) should be illegal") class Weak(object): __slots__ = ['foo', '__weakref__'] yes = Weak() r = weakref.ref(yes) self.assertEqual(r(), yes) del yes support.gc_collect() self.assertEqual(r(), None) del r def test_properties(self): # Testing property... class C(object): def getx(self): return self.__x def setx(self, value): self.__x = value def delx(self): del self.__x x = property(getx, setx, delx, doc="I'm the x property.") a = C() self.assertNotHasAttr(a, "x") a.x = 42 self.assertEqual(a._C__x, 42) self.assertEqual(a.x, 42) del a.x self.assertNotHasAttr(a, "x") self.assertNotHasAttr(a, "_C__x") C.x.__set__(a, 100) self.assertEqual(C.x.__get__(a), 100) C.x.__delete__(a) self.assertNotHasAttr(a, "x") raw = C.__dict__['x'] self.assertIsInstance(raw, property) attrs = dir(raw) self.assertIn("__doc__", attrs) self.assertIn("fget", attrs) self.assertIn("fset", attrs) self.assertIn("fdel", attrs) self.assertEqual(raw.__doc__, "I'm the x property.") self.assertIs(raw.fget, C.__dict__['getx']) self.assertIs(raw.fset, C.__dict__['setx']) self.assertIs(raw.fdel, C.__dict__['delx']) for attr in "fget", "fset", "fdel": try: setattr(raw, attr, 42) except AttributeError as msg: if str(msg).find('readonly') < 0: self.fail("when setting readonly attr %r on a property, " "got unexpected AttributeError msg %r" % (attr, str(msg))) else: self.fail("expected AttributeError from trying to set readonly %r " "attr on a property" % attr) raw.__doc__ = 42 self.assertEqual(raw.__doc__, 42) class D(object): __getitem__ = property(lambda s: 1/0) d = D() try: for i in d: str(i) except ZeroDivisionError: pass else: self.fail("expected ZeroDivisionError from bad property") @unittest.skipIf(sys.flags.optimize >= 2, "Docstrings are omitted with -O2 and above") def test_properties_doc_attrib(self): class E(object): def getter(self): "getter method" return 0 def setter(self_, value): "setter method" pass prop = property(getter) self.assertEqual(prop.__doc__, "getter method") prop2 = property(fset=setter) self.assertEqual(prop2.__doc__, None) @support.cpython_only def test_testcapi_no_segfault(self): # this segfaulted in 2.5b2 try: import _testcapi except ImportError: pass else: class X(object): p = property(_testcapi.test_with_docstring) def test_properties_plus(self): class C(object): foo = property(doc="hello") @foo.getter def foo(self): return self._foo @foo.setter def foo(self, value): self._foo = abs(value) @foo.deleter def foo(self): del self._foo c = C() self.assertEqual(C.foo.__doc__, "hello") self.assertNotHasAttr(c, "foo") c.foo = -42 self.assertHasAttr(c, '_foo') self.assertEqual(c._foo, 42) self.assertEqual(c.foo, 42) del c.foo self.assertNotHasAttr(c, '_foo') self.assertNotHasAttr(c, "foo") class D(C): @C.foo.deleter def foo(self): try: del self._foo except AttributeError: pass d = D() d.foo = 24 self.assertEqual(d.foo, 24) del d.foo del d.foo class E(object): @property def foo(self): return self._foo @foo.setter def foo(self, value): raise RuntimeError @foo.setter def foo(self, value): self._foo = abs(value) @foo.deleter def foo(self, value=None): del self._foo e = E() e.foo = -42 self.assertEqual(e.foo, 42) del e.foo class F(E): @E.foo.deleter def foo(self): del self._foo @foo.setter def foo(self, value): self._foo = max(0, value) f = F() f.foo = -10 self.assertEqual(f.foo, 0) del f.foo def test_dict_constructors(self): # Testing dict constructor ... d = dict() self.assertEqual(d, {}) d = dict({}) self.assertEqual(d, {}) d = dict({1: 2, 'a': 'b'}) self.assertEqual(d, {1: 2, 'a': 'b'}) self.assertEqual(d, dict(list(d.items()))) self.assertEqual(d, dict(iter(d.items()))) d = dict({'one':1, 'two':2}) self.assertEqual(d, dict(one=1, two=2)) self.assertEqual(d, dict(**d)) self.assertEqual(d, dict({"one": 1}, two=2)) self.assertEqual(d, dict([("two", 2)], one=1)) self.assertEqual(d, dict([("one", 100), ("two", 200)], **d)) self.assertEqual(d, dict(**d)) for badarg in 0, 0, 0j, "0", [0], (0,): try: dict(badarg) except TypeError: pass except ValueError: if badarg == "0": # It's a sequence, and its elements are also sequences (gotta # love strings ), but they aren't of length 2, so this # one seemed better as a ValueError than a TypeError. pass else: self.fail("no TypeError from dict(%r)" % badarg) else: self.fail("no TypeError from dict(%r)" % badarg) try: dict({}, {}) except TypeError: pass else: self.fail("no TypeError from dict({}, {})") class Mapping: # Lacks a .keys() method; will be added later. dict = {1:2, 3:4, 'a':1j} try: dict(Mapping()) except TypeError: pass else: self.fail("no TypeError from dict(incomplete mapping)") Mapping.keys = lambda self: list(self.dict.keys()) Mapping.__getitem__ = lambda self, i: self.dict[i] d = dict(Mapping()) self.assertEqual(d, Mapping.dict) # Init from sequence of iterable objects, each producing a 2-sequence. class AddressBookEntry: def __init__(self, first, last): self.first = first self.last = last def __iter__(self): return iter([self.first, self.last]) d = dict([AddressBookEntry('Tim', 'Warsaw'), AddressBookEntry('Barry', 'Peters'), AddressBookEntry('Tim', 'Peters'), AddressBookEntry('Barry', 'Warsaw')]) self.assertEqual(d, {'Barry': 'Warsaw', 'Tim': 'Peters'}) d = dict(zip(range(4), range(1, 5))) self.assertEqual(d, dict([(i, i+1) for i in range(4)])) # Bad sequence lengths. for bad in [('tooshort',)], [('too', 'long', 'by 1')]: try: dict(bad) except ValueError: pass else: self.fail("no ValueError from dict(%r)" % bad) def test_dir(self): # Testing dir() ... junk = 12 self.assertEqual(dir(), ['junk', 'self']) del junk # Just make sure these don't blow up! for arg in 2, 2, 2j, 2e0, [2], "2", b"2", (2,), {2:2}, type, self.test_dir: dir(arg) # Test dir on new-style classes. Since these have object as a # base class, a lot more gets sucked in. def interesting(strings): return [s for s in strings if not s.startswith('_')] class C(object): Cdata = 1 def Cmethod(self): pass cstuff = ['Cdata', 'Cmethod'] self.assertEqual(interesting(dir(C)), cstuff) c = C() self.assertEqual(interesting(dir(c)), cstuff) ## self.assertIn('__self__', dir(C.Cmethod)) c.cdata = 2 c.cmethod = lambda self: 0 self.assertEqual(interesting(dir(c)), cstuff + ['cdata', 'cmethod']) ## self.assertIn('__self__', dir(c.Cmethod)) class A(C): Adata = 1 def Amethod(self): pass astuff = ['Adata', 'Amethod'] + cstuff self.assertEqual(interesting(dir(A)), astuff) ## self.assertIn('__self__', dir(A.Amethod)) a = A() self.assertEqual(interesting(dir(a)), astuff) a.adata = 42 a.amethod = lambda self: 3 self.assertEqual(interesting(dir(a)), astuff + ['adata', 'amethod']) ## self.assertIn('__self__', dir(a.Amethod)) # Try a module subclass. class M(type(sys)): pass minstance = M("m") minstance.b = 2 minstance.a = 1 default_attributes = ['__name__', '__doc__', '__package__', '__loader__', '__spec__'] names = [x for x in dir(minstance) if x not in default_attributes] self.assertEqual(names, ['a', 'b']) class M2(M): def getdict(self): return "Not a dict!" __dict__ = property(getdict) m2instance = M2("m2") m2instance.b = 2 m2instance.a = 1 self.assertEqual(m2instance.__dict__, "Not a dict!") try: dir(m2instance) except TypeError: pass # Two essentially featureless objects, just inheriting stuff from # object. self.assertEqual(dir(NotImplemented), dir(Ellipsis)) # Nasty test case for proxied objects class Wrapper(object): def __init__(self, obj): self.__obj = obj def __repr__(self): return "Wrapper(%s)" % repr(self.__obj) def __getitem__(self, key): return Wrapper(self.__obj[key]) def __len__(self): return len(self.__obj) def __getattr__(self, name): return Wrapper(getattr(self.__obj, name)) class C(object): def __getclass(self): return Wrapper(type(self)) __class__ = property(__getclass) dir(C()) # This used to segfault def test_supers(self): # Testing super... class A(object): def meth(self, a): return "A(%r)" % a self.assertEqual(A().meth(1), "A(1)") class B(A): def __init__(self): self.__super = super(B, self) def meth(self, a): return "B(%r)" % a + self.__super.meth(a) self.assertEqual(B().meth(2), "B(2)A(2)") class C(A): def meth(self, a): return "C(%r)" % a + self.__super.meth(a) C._C__super = super(C) self.assertEqual(C().meth(3), "C(3)A(3)") class D(C, B): def meth(self, a): return "D(%r)" % a + super(D, self).meth(a) self.assertEqual(D().meth(4), "D(4)C(4)B(4)A(4)") # Test for subclassing super class mysuper(super): def __init__(self, *args): return super(mysuper, self).__init__(*args) class E(D): def meth(self, a): return "E(%r)" % a + mysuper(E, self).meth(a) self.assertEqual(E().meth(5), "E(5)D(5)C(5)B(5)A(5)") class F(E): def meth(self, a): s = self.__super # == mysuper(F, self) return "F(%r)[%s]" % (a, s.__class__.__name__) + s.meth(a) F._F__super = mysuper(F) self.assertEqual(F().meth(6), "F(6)[mysuper]E(6)D(6)C(6)B(6)A(6)") # Make sure certain errors are raised try: super(D, 42) except TypeError: pass else: self.fail("shouldn't allow super(D, 42)") try: super(D, C()) except TypeError: pass else: self.fail("shouldn't allow super(D, C())") try: super(D).__get__(12) except TypeError: pass else: self.fail("shouldn't allow super(D).__get__(12)") try: super(D).__get__(C()) except TypeError: pass else: self.fail("shouldn't allow super(D).__get__(C())") # Make sure data descriptors can be overridden and accessed via super # (new feature in Python 2.3) class DDbase(object): def getx(self): return 42 x = property(getx) class DDsub(DDbase): def getx(self): return "hello" x = property(getx) dd = DDsub() self.assertEqual(dd.x, "hello") self.assertEqual(super(DDsub, dd).x, 42) # Ensure that super() lookup of descriptor from classmethod # works (SF ID# 743627) class Base(object): aProp = property(lambda self: "foo") class Sub(Base): @classmethod def test(klass): return super(Sub,klass).aProp self.assertEqual(Sub.test(), Base.aProp) # Verify that super() doesn't allow keyword args with self.assertRaises(TypeError): super(Base, kw=1) def test_basic_inheritance(self): # Testing inheritance from basic types... class hexint(int): def __repr__(self): return hex(self) def __add__(self, other): return hexint(int.__add__(self, other)) # (Note that overriding __radd__ doesn't work, # because the int type gets first dibs.) self.assertEqual(repr(hexint(7) + 9), "0x10") self.assertEqual(repr(hexint(1000) + 7), "0x3ef") a = hexint(12345) self.assertEqual(a, 12345) self.assertEqual(int(a), 12345) self.assertIs(int(a).__class__, int) self.assertEqual(hash(a), hash(12345)) self.assertIs((+a).__class__, int) self.assertIs((a >> 0).__class__, int) self.assertIs((a << 0).__class__, int) self.assertIs((hexint(0) << 12).__class__, int) self.assertIs((hexint(0) >> 12).__class__, int) class octlong(int): __slots__ = [] def __str__(self): return oct(self) def __add__(self, other): return self.__class__(super(octlong, self).__add__(other)) __radd__ = __add__ self.assertEqual(str(octlong(3) + 5), "0o10") # (Note that overriding __radd__ here only seems to work # because the example uses a short int left argument.) self.assertEqual(str(5 + octlong(3000)), "0o5675") a = octlong(12345) self.assertEqual(a, 12345) self.assertEqual(int(a), 12345) self.assertEqual(hash(a), hash(12345)) self.assertIs(int(a).__class__, int) self.assertIs((+a).__class__, int) self.assertIs((-a).__class__, int) self.assertIs((-octlong(0)).__class__, int) self.assertIs((a >> 0).__class__, int) self.assertIs((a << 0).__class__, int) self.assertIs((a - 0).__class__, int) self.assertIs((a * 1).__class__, int) self.assertIs((a ** 1).__class__, int) self.assertIs((a // 1).__class__, int) self.assertIs((1 * a).__class__, int) self.assertIs((a | 0).__class__, int) self.assertIs((a ^ 0).__class__, int) self.assertIs((a & -1).__class__, int) self.assertIs((octlong(0) << 12).__class__, int) self.assertIs((octlong(0) >> 12).__class__, int) self.assertIs(abs(octlong(0)).__class__, int) # Because octlong overrides __add__, we can't check the absence of +0 # optimizations using octlong. class longclone(int): pass a = longclone(1) self.assertIs((a + 0).__class__, int) self.assertIs((0 + a).__class__, int) # Check that negative clones don't segfault a = longclone(-1) self.assertEqual(a.__dict__, {}) self.assertEqual(int(a), -1) # self.assertTrue PyNumber_Long() copies the sign bit class precfloat(float): __slots__ = ['prec'] def __init__(self, value=0.0, prec=12): self.prec = int(prec) def __repr__(self): return "%.*g" % (self.prec, self) self.assertEqual(repr(precfloat(1.1)), "1.1") a = precfloat(12345) self.assertEqual(a, 12345.0) self.assertEqual(float(a), 12345.0) self.assertIs(float(a).__class__, float) self.assertEqual(hash(a), hash(12345.0)) self.assertIs((+a).__class__, float) class madcomplex(complex): def __repr__(self): return "%.17gj%+.17g" % (self.imag, self.real) a = madcomplex(-3, 4) self.assertEqual(repr(a), "4j-3") base = complex(-3, 4) self.assertEqual(base.__class__, complex) self.assertEqual(a, base) self.assertEqual(complex(a), base) self.assertEqual(complex(a).__class__, complex) a = madcomplex(a) # just trying another form of the constructor self.assertEqual(repr(a), "4j-3") self.assertEqual(a, base) self.assertEqual(complex(a), base) self.assertEqual(complex(a).__class__, complex) self.assertEqual(hash(a), hash(base)) self.assertEqual((+a).__class__, complex) self.assertEqual((a + 0).__class__, complex) self.assertEqual(a + 0, base) self.assertEqual((a - 0).__class__, complex) self.assertEqual(a - 0, base) self.assertEqual((a * 1).__class__, complex) self.assertEqual(a * 1, base) self.assertEqual((a / 1).__class__, complex) self.assertEqual(a / 1, base) class madtuple(tuple): _rev = None def rev(self): if self._rev is not None: return self._rev L = list(self) L.reverse() self._rev = self.__class__(L) return self._rev a = madtuple((1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,0)) self.assertEqual(a, (1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,0)) self.assertEqual(a.rev(), madtuple((0,9,8,7,6,5,4,3,2,1))) self.assertEqual(a.rev().rev(), madtuple((1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,0))) for i in range(512): t = madtuple(range(i)) u = t.rev() v = u.rev() self.assertEqual(v, t) a = madtuple((1,2,3,4,5)) self.assertEqual(tuple(a), (1,2,3,4,5)) self.assertIs(tuple(a).__class__, tuple) self.assertEqual(hash(a), hash((1,2,3,4,5))) self.assertIs(a[:].__class__, tuple) self.assertIs((a * 1).__class__, tuple) self.assertIs((a * 0).__class__, tuple) self.assertIs((a + ()).__class__, tuple) a = madtuple(()) self.assertEqual(tuple(a), ()) self.assertIs(tuple(a).__class__, tuple) self.assertIs((a + a).__class__, tuple) self.assertIs((a * 0).__class__, tuple) self.assertIs((a * 1).__class__, tuple) self.assertIs((a * 2).__class__, tuple) self.assertIs(a[:].__class__, tuple) class madstring(str): _rev = None def rev(self): if self._rev is not None: return self._rev L = list(self) L.reverse() self._rev = self.__class__("".join(L)) return self._rev s = madstring("abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz") self.assertEqual(s, "abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz") self.assertEqual(s.rev(), madstring("zyxwvutsrqponmlkjihgfedcba")) self.assertEqual(s.rev().rev(), madstring("abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz")) for i in range(256): s = madstring("".join(map(chr, range(i)))) t = s.rev() u = t.rev() self.assertEqual(u, s) s = madstring("12345") self.assertEqual(str(s), "12345") self.assertIs(str(s).__class__, str) base = "\x00" * 5 s = madstring(base) self.assertEqual(s, base) self.assertEqual(str(s), base) self.assertIs(str(s).__class__, str) self.assertEqual(hash(s), hash(base)) self.assertEqual({s: 1}[base], 1) self.assertEqual({base: 1}[s], 1) self.assertIs((s + "").__class__, str) self.assertEqual(s + "", base) self.assertIs(("" + s).__class__, str) self.assertEqual("" + s, base) self.assertIs((s * 0).__class__, str) self.assertEqual(s * 0, "") self.assertIs((s * 1).__class__, str) self.assertEqual(s * 1, base) self.assertIs((s * 2).__class__, str) self.assertEqual(s * 2, base + base) self.assertIs(s[:].__class__, str) self.assertEqual(s[:], base) self.assertIs(s[0:0].__class__, str) self.assertEqual(s[0:0], "") self.assertIs(s.strip().__class__, str) self.assertEqual(s.strip(), base) self.assertIs(s.lstrip().__class__, str) self.assertEqual(s.lstrip(), base) self.assertIs(s.rstrip().__class__, str) self.assertEqual(s.rstrip(), base) identitytab = {} self.assertIs(s.translate(identitytab).__class__, str) self.assertEqual(s.translate(identitytab), base) self.assertIs(s.replace("x", "x").__class__, str) self.assertEqual(s.replace("x", "x"), base) self.assertIs(s.ljust(len(s)).__class__, str) self.assertEqual(s.ljust(len(s)), base) self.assertIs(s.rjust(len(s)).__class__, str) self.assertEqual(s.rjust(len(s)), base) self.assertIs(s.center(len(s)).__class__, str) self.assertEqual(s.center(len(s)), base) self.assertIs(s.lower().__class__, str) self.assertEqual(s.lower(), base) class madunicode(str): _rev = None def rev(self): if self._rev is not None: return self._rev L = list(self) L.reverse() self._rev = self.__class__("".join(L)) return self._rev u = madunicode("ABCDEF") self.assertEqual(u, "ABCDEF") self.assertEqual(u.rev(), madunicode("FEDCBA")) self.assertEqual(u.rev().rev(), madunicode("ABCDEF")) base = "12345" u = madunicode(base) self.assertEqual(str(u), base) self.assertIs(str(u).__class__, str) self.assertEqual(hash(u), hash(base)) self.assertEqual({u: 1}[base], 1) self.assertEqual({base: 1}[u], 1) self.assertIs(u.strip().__class__, str) self.assertEqual(u.strip(), base) self.assertIs(u.lstrip().__class__, str) self.assertEqual(u.lstrip(), base) self.assertIs(u.rstrip().__class__, str) self.assertEqual(u.rstrip(), base) self.assertIs(u.replace("x", "x").__class__, str) self.assertEqual(u.replace("x", "x"), base) self.assertIs(u.replace("xy", "xy").__class__, str) self.assertEqual(u.replace("xy", "xy"), base) self.assertIs(u.center(len(u)).__class__, str) self.assertEqual(u.center(len(u)), base) self.assertIs(u.ljust(len(u)).__class__, str) self.assertEqual(u.ljust(len(u)), base) self.assertIs(u.rjust(len(u)).__class__, str) self.assertEqual(u.rjust(len(u)), base) self.assertIs(u.lower().__class__, str) self.assertEqual(u.lower(), base) self.assertIs(u.upper().__class__, str) self.assertEqual(u.upper(), base) self.assertIs(u.capitalize().__class__, str) self.assertEqual(u.capitalize(), base) self.assertIs(u.title().__class__, str) self.assertEqual(u.title(), base) self.assertIs((u + "").__class__, str) self.assertEqual(u + "", base) self.assertIs(("" + u).__class__, str) self.assertEqual("" + u, base) self.assertIs((u * 0).__class__, str) self.assertEqual(u * 0, "") self.assertIs((u * 1).__class__, str) self.assertEqual(u * 1, base) self.assertIs((u * 2).__class__, str) self.assertEqual(u * 2, base + base) self.assertIs(u[:].__class__, str) self.assertEqual(u[:], base) self.assertIs(u[0:0].__class__, str) self.assertEqual(u[0:0], "") class sublist(list): pass a = sublist(range(5)) self.assertEqual(a, list(range(5))) a.append("hello") self.assertEqual(a, list(range(5)) + ["hello"]) a[5] = 5 self.assertEqual(a, list(range(6))) a.extend(range(6, 20)) self.assertEqual(a, list(range(20))) a[-5:] = [] self.assertEqual(a, list(range(15))) del a[10:15] self.assertEqual(len(a), 10) self.assertEqual(a, list(range(10))) self.assertEqual(list(a), list(range(10))) self.assertEqual(a[0], 0) self.assertEqual(a[9], 9) self.assertEqual(a[-10], 0) self.assertEqual(a[-1], 9) self.assertEqual(a[:5], list(range(5))) ## class CountedInput(file): ## """Counts lines read by self.readline(). ## ## self.lineno is the 0-based ordinal of the last line read, up to ## a maximum of one greater than the number of lines in the file. ## ## self.ateof is true if and only if the final "" line has been read, ## at which point self.lineno stops incrementing, and further calls ## to readline() continue to return "". ## """ ## ## lineno = 0 ## ateof = 0 ## def readline(self): ## if self.ateof: ## return "" ## s = file.readline(self) ## # Next line works too. ## # s = super(CountedInput, self).readline() ## self.lineno += 1 ## if s == "": ## self.ateof = 1 ## return s ## ## f = file(name=support.TESTFN, mode='w') ## lines = ['a\n', 'b\n', 'c\n'] ## try: ## f.writelines(lines) ## f.close() ## f = CountedInput(support.TESTFN) ## for (i, expected) in zip(range(1, 5) + [4], lines + 2 * [""]): ## got = f.readline() ## self.assertEqual(expected, got) ## self.assertEqual(f.lineno, i) ## self.assertEqual(f.ateof, (i > len(lines))) ## f.close() ## finally: ## try: ## f.close() ## except: ## pass ## support.unlink(support.TESTFN) def test_keywords(self): # Testing keyword args to basic type constructors ... with self.assertRaisesRegex(TypeError, 'keyword argument'): int(x=1) with self.assertRaisesRegex(TypeError, 'keyword argument'): float(x=2) with self.assertRaisesRegex(TypeError, 'keyword argument'): bool(x=2) self.assertEqual(complex(imag=42, real=666), complex(666, 42)) self.assertEqual(str(object=500), '500') self.assertEqual(str(object=b'abc', errors='strict'), 'abc') with self.assertRaisesRegex(TypeError, 'keyword argument'): tuple(sequence=range(3)) with self.assertRaisesRegex(TypeError, 'keyword argument'): list(sequence=(0, 1, 2)) # note: as of Python 2.3, dict() no longer has an "items" keyword arg for constructor in (int, float, int, complex, str, str, tuple, list): try: constructor(bogus_keyword_arg=1) except TypeError: pass else: self.fail("expected TypeError from bogus keyword argument to %r" % constructor) def test_str_subclass_as_dict_key(self): # Testing a str subclass used as dict key .. class cistr(str): """Subclass of str that computes __eq__ case-insensitively. Also computes a hash code of the string in canonical form. """ def __init__(self, value): self.canonical = value.lower() self.hashcode = hash(self.canonical) def __eq__(self, other): if not isinstance(other, cistr): other = cistr(other) return self.canonical == other.canonical def __hash__(self): return self.hashcode self.assertEqual(cistr('ABC'), 'abc') self.assertEqual('aBc', cistr('ABC')) self.assertEqual(str(cistr('ABC')), 'ABC') d = {cistr('one'): 1, cistr('two'): 2, cistr('tHree'): 3} self.assertEqual(d[cistr('one')], 1) self.assertEqual(d[cistr('tWo')], 2) self.assertEqual(d[cistr('THrEE')], 3) self.assertIn(cistr('ONe'), d) self.assertEqual(d.get(cistr('thrEE')), 3) def test_classic_comparisons(self): # Testing classic comparisons... class classic: pass for base in (classic, int, object): class C(base): def __init__(self, value): self.value = int(value) def __eq__(self, other): if isinstance(other, C): return self.value == other.value if isinstance(other, int) or isinstance(other, int): return self.value == other return NotImplemented def __ne__(self, other): if isinstance(other, C): return self.value != other.value if isinstance(other, int) or isinstance(other, int): return self.value != other return NotImplemented def __lt__(self, other): if isinstance(other, C): return self.value < other.value if isinstance(other, int) or isinstance(other, int): return self.value < other return NotImplemented def __le__(self, other): if isinstance(other, C): return self.value <= other.value if isinstance(other, int) or isinstance(other, int): return self.value <= other return NotImplemented def __gt__(self, other): if isinstance(other, C): return self.value > other.value if isinstance(other, int) or isinstance(other, int): return self.value > other return NotImplemented def __ge__(self, other): if isinstance(other, C): return self.value >= other.value if isinstance(other, int) or isinstance(other, int): return self.value >= other return NotImplemented c1 = C(1) c2 = C(2) c3 = C(3) self.assertEqual(c1, 1) c = {1: c1, 2: c2, 3: c3} for x in 1, 2, 3: for y in 1, 2, 3: for op in "<", "<=", "==", "!=", ">", ">=": self.assertEqual(eval("c[x] %s c[y]" % op), eval("x %s y" % op), "x=%d, y=%d" % (x, y)) self.assertEqual(eval("c[x] %s y" % op), eval("x %s y" % op), "x=%d, y=%d" % (x, y)) self.assertEqual(eval("x %s c[y]" % op), eval("x %s y" % op), "x=%d, y=%d" % (x, y)) def test_rich_comparisons(self): # Testing rich comparisons... class Z(complex): pass z = Z(1) self.assertEqual(z, 1+0j) self.assertEqual(1+0j, z) class ZZ(complex): def __eq__(self, other): try: return abs(self - other) <= 1e-6 except: return NotImplemented zz = ZZ(1.0000003) self.assertEqual(zz, 1+0j) self.assertEqual(1+0j, zz) class classic: pass for base in (classic, int, object, list): class C(base): def __init__(self, value): self.value = int(value) def __cmp__(self_, other): self.fail("shouldn't call __cmp__") def __eq__(self, other): if isinstance(other, C): return self.value == other.value if isinstance(other, int) or isinstance(other, int): return self.value == other return NotImplemented def __ne__(self, other): if isinstance(other, C): return self.value != other.value if isinstance(other, int) or isinstance(other, int): return self.value != other return NotImplemented def __lt__(self, other): if isinstance(other, C): return self.value < other.value if isinstance(other, int) or isinstance(other, int): return self.value < other return NotImplemented def __le__(self, other): if isinstance(other, C): return self.value <= other.value if isinstance(other, int) or isinstance(other, int): return self.value <= other return NotImplemented def __gt__(self, other): if isinstance(other, C): return self.value > other.value if isinstance(other, int) or isinstance(other, int): return self.value > other return NotImplemented def __ge__(self, other): if isinstance(other, C): return self.value >= other.value if isinstance(other, int) or isinstance(other, int): return self.value >= other return NotImplemented c1 = C(1) c2 = C(2) c3 = C(3) self.assertEqual(c1, 1) c = {1: c1, 2: c2, 3: c3} for x in 1, 2, 3: for y in 1, 2, 3: for op in "<", "<=", "==", "!=", ">", ">=": self.assertEqual(eval("c[x] %s c[y]" % op), eval("x %s y" % op), "x=%d, y=%d" % (x, y)) self.assertEqual(eval("c[x] %s y" % op), eval("x %s y" % op), "x=%d, y=%d" % (x, y)) self.assertEqual(eval("x %s c[y]" % op), eval("x %s y" % op), "x=%d, y=%d" % (x, y)) def test_descrdoc(self): # Testing descriptor doc strings... from _io import FileIO def check(descr, what): self.assertEqual(descr.__doc__, what) check(FileIO.closed, "True if the file is closed") # getset descriptor check(complex.real, "the real part of a complex number") # member descriptor def test_doc_descriptor(self): # Testing __doc__ descriptor... # SF bug 542984 class DocDescr(object): def __get__(self, object, otype): if object: object = object.__class__.__name__ + ' instance' if otype: otype = otype.__name__ return 'object=%s; type=%s' % (object, otype) class OldClass: __doc__ = DocDescr() class NewClass(object): __doc__ = DocDescr() self.assertEqual(OldClass.__doc__, 'object=None; type=OldClass') self.assertEqual(OldClass().__doc__, 'object=OldClass instance; type=OldClass') self.assertEqual(NewClass.__doc__, 'object=None; type=NewClass') self.assertEqual(NewClass().__doc__, 'object=NewClass instance; type=NewClass') def test_set_class(self): # Testing __class__ assignment... class C(object): pass class D(object): pass class E(object): pass class F(D, E): pass for cls in C, D, E, F: for cls2 in C, D, E, F: x = cls() x.__class__ = cls2 self.assertIs(x.__class__, cls2) x.__class__ = cls self.assertIs(x.__class__, cls) def cant(x, C): try: x.__class__ = C except TypeError: pass else: self.fail("shouldn't allow %r.__class__ = %r" % (x, C)) try: delattr(x, "__class__") except (TypeError, AttributeError): pass else: self.fail("shouldn't allow del %r.__class__" % x) cant(C(), list) cant(list(), C) cant(C(), 1) cant(C(), object) cant(object(), list) cant(list(), object) class Int(int): __slots__ = [] cant(True, int) cant(2, bool) o = object() cant(o, type(1)) cant(o, type(None)) del o class G(object): __slots__ = ["a", "b"] class H(object): __slots__ = ["b", "a"] class I(object): __slots__ = ["a", "b"] class J(object): __slots__ = ["c", "b"] class K(object): __slots__ = ["a", "b", "d"] class L(H): __slots__ = ["e"] class M(I): __slots__ = ["e"] class N(J): __slots__ = ["__weakref__"] class P(J): __slots__ = ["__dict__"] class Q(J): pass class R(J): __slots__ = ["__dict__", "__weakref__"] for cls, cls2 in ((G, H), (G, I), (I, H), (Q, R), (R, Q)): x = cls() x.a = 1 x.__class__ = cls2 self.assertIs(x.__class__, cls2, "assigning %r as __class__ for %r silently failed" % (cls2, x)) self.assertEqual(x.a, 1) x.__class__ = cls self.assertIs(x.__class__, cls, "assigning %r as __class__ for %r silently failed" % (cls, x)) self.assertEqual(x.a, 1) for cls in G, J, K, L, M, N, P, R, list, Int: for cls2 in G, J, K, L, M, N, P, R, list, Int: if cls is cls2: continue cant(cls(), cls2) # Issue5283: when __class__ changes in __del__, the wrong # type gets DECREF'd. class O(object): pass class A(object): def __del__(self): self.__class__ = O l = [A() for x in range(100)] del l def test_set_dict(self): # Testing __dict__ assignment... class C(object): pass a = C() a.__dict__ = {'b': 1} self.assertEqual(a.b, 1) def cant(x, dict): try: x.__dict__ = dict except (AttributeError, TypeError): pass else: self.fail("shouldn't allow %r.__dict__ = %r" % (x, dict)) cant(a, None) cant(a, []) cant(a, 1) del a.__dict__ # Deleting __dict__ is allowed class Base(object): pass def verify_dict_readonly(x): """ x has to be an instance of a class inheriting from Base. """ cant(x, {}) try: del x.__dict__ except (AttributeError, TypeError): pass else: self.fail("shouldn't allow del %r.__dict__" % x) dict_descr = Base.__dict__["__dict__"] try: dict_descr.__set__(x, {}) except (AttributeError, TypeError): pass else: self.fail("dict_descr allowed access to %r's dict" % x) # Classes don't allow __dict__ assignment and have readonly dicts class Meta1(type, Base): pass class Meta2(Base, type): pass class D(object, metaclass=Meta1): pass class E(object, metaclass=Meta2): pass for cls in C, D, E: verify_dict_readonly(cls) class_dict = cls.__dict__ try: class_dict["spam"] = "eggs" except TypeError: pass else: self.fail("%r's __dict__ can be modified" % cls) # Modules also disallow __dict__ assignment class Module1(types.ModuleType, Base): pass class Module2(Base, types.ModuleType): pass for ModuleType in Module1, Module2: mod = ModuleType("spam") verify_dict_readonly(mod) mod.__dict__["spam"] = "eggs" # Exception's __dict__ can be replaced, but not deleted # (at least not any more than regular exception's __dict__ can # be deleted; on CPython it is not the case, whereas on PyPy they # can, just like any other new-style instance's __dict__.) def can_delete_dict(e): try: del e.__dict__ except (TypeError, AttributeError): return False else: return True class Exception1(Exception, Base): pass class Exception2(Base, Exception): pass for ExceptionType in Exception, Exception1, Exception2: e = ExceptionType() e.__dict__ = {"a": 1} self.assertEqual(e.a, 1) self.assertEqual(can_delete_dict(e), can_delete_dict(ValueError())) def test_binary_operator_override(self): # Testing overrides of binary operations... class I(int): def __repr__(self): return "I(%r)" % int(self) def __add__(self, other): return I(int(self) + int(other)) __radd__ = __add__ def __pow__(self, other, mod=None): if mod is None: return I(pow(int(self), int(other))) else: return I(pow(int(self), int(other), int(mod))) def __rpow__(self, other, mod=None): if mod is None: return I(pow(int(other), int(self), mod)) else: return I(pow(int(other), int(self), int(mod))) self.assertEqual(repr(I(1) + I(2)), "I(3)") self.assertEqual(repr(I(1) + 2), "I(3)") self.assertEqual(repr(1 + I(2)), "I(3)") self.assertEqual(repr(I(2) ** I(3)), "I(8)") self.assertEqual(repr(2 ** I(3)), "I(8)") self.assertEqual(repr(I(2) ** 3), "I(8)") self.assertEqual(repr(pow(I(2), I(3), I(5))), "I(3)") class S(str): def __eq__(self, other): return self.lower() == other.lower() def test_subclass_propagation(self): # Testing propagation of slot functions to subclasses... class A(object): pass class B(A): pass class C(A): pass class D(B, C): pass d = D() orig_hash = hash(d) # related to id(d) in platform-dependent ways A.__hash__ = lambda self: 42 self.assertEqual(hash(d), 42) C.__hash__ = lambda self: 314 self.assertEqual(hash(d), 314) B.__hash__ = lambda self: 144 self.assertEqual(hash(d), 144) D.__hash__ = lambda self: 100 self.assertEqual(hash(d), 100) D.__hash__ = None self.assertRaises(TypeError, hash, d) del D.__hash__ self.assertEqual(hash(d), 144) B.__hash__ = None self.assertRaises(TypeError, hash, d) del B.__hash__ self.assertEqual(hash(d), 314) C.__hash__ = None self.assertRaises(TypeError, hash, d) del C.__hash__ self.assertEqual(hash(d), 42) A.__hash__ = None self.assertRaises(TypeError, hash, d) del A.__hash__ self.assertEqual(hash(d), orig_hash) d.foo = 42 d.bar = 42 self.assertEqual(d.foo, 42) self.assertEqual(d.bar, 42) def __getattribute__(self, name): if name == "foo": return 24 return object.__getattribute__(self, name) A.__getattribute__ = __getattribute__ self.assertEqual(d.foo, 24) self.assertEqual(d.bar, 42) def __getattr__(self, name): if name in ("spam", "foo", "bar"): return "hello" raise AttributeError(name) B.__getattr__ = __getattr__ self.assertEqual(d.spam, "hello") self.assertEqual(d.foo, 24) self.assertEqual(d.bar, 42) del A.__getattribute__ self.assertEqual(d.foo, 42) del d.foo self.assertEqual(d.foo, "hello") self.assertEqual(d.bar, 42) del B.__getattr__ try: d.foo except AttributeError: pass else: self.fail("d.foo should be undefined now") # Test a nasty bug in recurse_down_subclasses() class A(object): pass class B(A): pass del B support.gc_collect() A.__setitem__ = lambda *a: None # crash def test_buffer_inheritance(self): # Testing that buffer interface is inherited ... import binascii # SF bug [#470040] ParseTuple t# vs subclasses. class MyBytes(bytes): pass base = b'abc' m = MyBytes(base) # b2a_hex uses the buffer interface to get its argument's value, via # PyArg_ParseTuple 't#' code. self.assertEqual(binascii.b2a_hex(m), binascii.b2a_hex(base)) class MyInt(int): pass m = MyInt(42) try: binascii.b2a_hex(m) self.fail('subclass of int should not have a buffer interface') except TypeError: pass def test_str_of_str_subclass(self): # Testing __str__ defined in subclass of str ... import binascii import io class octetstring(str): def __str__(self): return binascii.b2a_hex(self.encode('ascii')).decode("ascii") def __repr__(self): return self + " repr" o = octetstring('A') self.assertEqual(type(o), octetstring) self.assertEqual(type(str(o)), str) self.assertEqual(type(repr(o)), str) self.assertEqual(ord(o), 0x41) self.assertEqual(str(o), '41') self.assertEqual(repr(o), 'A repr') self.assertEqual(o.__str__(), '41') self.assertEqual(o.__repr__(), 'A repr') capture = io.StringIO() # Calling str() or not exercises different internal paths. print(o, file=capture) print(str(o), file=capture) self.assertEqual(capture.getvalue(), '41\n41\n') capture.close() def test_keyword_arguments(self): # Testing keyword arguments to __init__, __call__... def f(a): return a self.assertEqual(f.__call__(a=42), 42) ba = bytearray() bytearray.__init__(ba, 'abc\xbd\u20ac', encoding='latin1', errors='replace') self.assertEqual(ba, b'abc\xbd?') def test_recursive_call(self): # Testing recursive __call__() by setting to instance of class... class A(object): pass A.__call__ = A() try: A()() except RecursionError: pass else: self.fail("Recursion limit should have been reached for __call__()") def test_delete_hook(self): # Testing __del__ hook... log = [] class C(object): def __del__(self): log.append(1) c = C() self.assertEqual(log, []) del c support.gc_collect() self.assertEqual(log, [1]) class D(object): pass d = D() try: del d[0] except TypeError: pass else: self.fail("invalid del() didn't raise TypeError") def test_hash_inheritance(self): # Testing hash of mutable subclasses... class mydict(dict): pass d = mydict() try: hash(d) except TypeError: pass else: self.fail("hash() of dict subclass should fail") class mylist(list): pass d = mylist() try: hash(d) except TypeError: pass else: self.fail("hash() of list subclass should fail") def test_str_operations(self): try: 'a' + 5 except TypeError: pass else: self.fail("'' + 5 doesn't raise TypeError") try: ''.split('') except ValueError: pass else: self.fail("''.split('') doesn't raise ValueError") try: ''.join([0]) except TypeError: pass else: self.fail("''.join([0]) doesn't raise TypeError") try: ''.rindex('5') except ValueError: pass else: self.fail("''.rindex('5') doesn't raise ValueError") try: '%(n)s' % None except TypeError: pass else: self.fail("'%(n)s' % None doesn't raise TypeError") try: '%(n' % {} except ValueError: pass else: self.fail("'%(n' % {} '' doesn't raise ValueError") try: '%*s' % ('abc') except TypeError: pass else: self.fail("'%*s' % ('abc') doesn't raise TypeError") try: '%*.*s' % ('abc', 5) except TypeError: pass else: self.fail("'%*.*s' % ('abc', 5) doesn't raise TypeError") try: '%s' % (1, 2) except TypeError: pass else: self.fail("'%s' % (1, 2) doesn't raise TypeError") try: '%' % None except ValueError: pass else: self.fail("'%' % None doesn't raise ValueError") self.assertEqual('534253'.isdigit(), 1) self.assertEqual('534253x'.isdigit(), 0) self.assertEqual('%c' % 5, '\x05') self.assertEqual('%c' % '5', '5') def test_deepcopy_recursive(self): # Testing deepcopy of recursive objects... class Node: pass a = Node() b = Node() a.b = b b.a = a z = deepcopy(a) # This blew up before def test_uninitialized_modules(self): # Testing uninitialized module objects... from types import ModuleType as M m = M.__new__(M) str(m) self.assertNotHasAttr(m, "__name__") self.assertNotHasAttr(m, "__file__") self.assertNotHasAttr(m, "foo") self.assertFalse(m.__dict__) # None or {} are both reasonable answers m.foo = 1 self.assertEqual(m.__dict__, {"foo": 1}) def test_funny_new(self): # Testing __new__ returning something unexpected... class C(object): def __new__(cls, arg): if isinstance(arg, str): return [1, 2, 3] elif isinstance(arg, int): return object.__new__(D) else: return object.__new__(cls) class D(C): def __init__(self, arg): self.foo = arg self.assertEqual(C("1"), [1, 2, 3]) self.assertEqual(D("1"), [1, 2, 3]) d = D(None) self.assertEqual(d.foo, None) d = C(1) self.assertIsInstance(d, D) self.assertEqual(d.foo, 1) d = D(1) self.assertIsInstance(d, D) self.assertEqual(d.foo, 1) class C(object): @staticmethod def __new__(*args): return args self.assertEqual(C(1, 2), (C, 1, 2)) class D(C): pass self.assertEqual(D(1, 2), (D, 1, 2)) class C(object): @classmethod def __new__(*args): return args self.assertEqual(C(1, 2), (C, C, 1, 2)) class D(C): pass self.assertEqual(D(1, 2), (D, D, 1, 2)) def test_imul_bug(self): # Testing for __imul__ problems... # SF bug 544647 class C(object): def __imul__(self, other): return (self, other) x = C() y = x y *= 1.0 self.assertEqual(y, (x, 1.0)) y = x y *= 2 self.assertEqual(y, (x, 2)) y = x y *= 3 self.assertEqual(y, (x, 3)) y = x y *= 1<<100 self.assertEqual(y, (x, 1<<100)) y = x y *= None self.assertEqual(y, (x, None)) y = x y *= "foo" self.assertEqual(y, (x, "foo")) def test_copy_setstate(self): # Testing that copy.*copy() correctly uses __setstate__... import copy class C(object): def __init__(self, foo=None): self.foo = foo self.__foo = foo def setfoo(self, foo=None): self.foo = foo def getfoo(self): return self.__foo def __getstate__(self): return [self.foo] def __setstate__(self_, lst): self.assertEqual(len(lst), 1) self_.__foo = self_.foo = lst[0] a = C(42) a.setfoo(24) self.assertEqual(a.foo, 24) self.assertEqual(a.getfoo(), 42) b = copy.copy(a) self.assertEqual(b.foo, 24) self.assertEqual(b.getfoo(), 24) b = copy.deepcopy(a) self.assertEqual(b.foo, 24) self.assertEqual(b.getfoo(), 24) def test_slices(self): # Testing cases with slices and overridden __getitem__ ... # Strings self.assertEqual("hello"[:4], "hell") self.assertEqual("hello"[slice(4)], "hell") self.assertEqual(str.__getitem__("hello", slice(4)), "hell") class S(str): def __getitem__(self, x): return str.__getitem__(self, x) self.assertEqual(S("hello")[:4], "hell") self.assertEqual(S("hello")[slice(4)], "hell") self.assertEqual(S("hello").__getitem__(slice(4)), "hell") # Tuples self.assertEqual((1,2,3)[:2], (1,2)) self.assertEqual((1,2,3)[slice(2)], (1,2)) self.assertEqual(tuple.__getitem__((1,2,3), slice(2)), (1,2)) class T(tuple): def __getitem__(self, x): return tuple.__getitem__(self, x) self.assertEqual(T((1,2,3))[:2], (1,2)) self.assertEqual(T((1,2,3))[slice(2)], (1,2)) self.assertEqual(T((1,2,3)).__getitem__(slice(2)), (1,2)) # Lists self.assertEqual([1,2,3][:2], [1,2]) self.assertEqual([1,2,3][slice(2)], [1,2]) self.assertEqual(list.__getitem__([1,2,3], slice(2)), [1,2]) class L(list): def __getitem__(self, x): return list.__getitem__(self, x) self.assertEqual(L([1,2,3])[:2], [1,2]) self.assertEqual(L([1,2,3])[slice(2)], [1,2]) self.assertEqual(L([1,2,3]).__getitem__(slice(2)), [1,2]) # Now do lists and __setitem__ a = L([1,2,3]) a[slice(1, 3)] = [3,2] self.assertEqual(a, [1,3,2]) a[slice(0, 2, 1)] = [3,1] self.assertEqual(a, [3,1,2]) a.__setitem__(slice(1, 3), [2,1]) self.assertEqual(a, [3,2,1]) a.__setitem__(slice(0, 2, 1), [2,3]) self.assertEqual(a, [2,3,1]) def test_subtype_resurrection(self): # Testing resurrection of new-style instance... class C(object): container = [] def __del__(self): # resurrect the instance C.container.append(self) c = C() c.attr = 42 # The most interesting thing here is whether this blows up, due to # flawed GC tracking logic in typeobject.c's call_finalizer() (a 2.2.1 # bug). del c support.gc_collect() self.assertEqual(len(C.container), 1) # Make c mortal again, so that the test framework with -l doesn't report # it as a leak. del C.__del__ def test_slots_trash(self): # Testing slot trash... # Deallocating deeply nested slotted trash caused stack overflows class trash(object): __slots__ = ['x'] def __init__(self, x): self.x = x o = None for i in range(50000): o = trash(o) del o def test_slots_multiple_inheritance(self): # SF bug 575229, multiple inheritance w/ slots dumps core class A(object): __slots__=() class B(object): pass class C(A,B) : __slots__=() if support.check_impl_detail(): self.assertEqual(C.__basicsize__, B.__basicsize__) self.assertHasAttr(C, '__dict__') self.assertHasAttr(C, '__weakref__') C().x = 2 def test_rmul(self): # Testing correct invocation of __rmul__... # SF patch 592646 class C(object): def __mul__(self, other): return "mul" def __rmul__(self, other): return "rmul" a = C() self.assertEqual(a*2, "mul") self.assertEqual(a*2.2, "mul") self.assertEqual(2*a, "rmul") self.assertEqual(2.2*a, "rmul") def test_ipow(self): # Testing correct invocation of __ipow__... # [SF bug 620179] class C(object): def __ipow__(self, other): pass a = C() a **= 2 def test_mutable_bases(self): # Testing mutable bases... # stuff that should work: class C(object): pass class C2(object): def __getattribute__(self, attr): if attr == 'a': return 2 else: return super(C2, self).__getattribute__(attr) def meth(self): return 1 class D(C): pass class E(D): pass d = D() e = E() D.__bases__ = (C,) D.__bases__ = (C2,) self.assertEqual(d.meth(), 1) self.assertEqual(e.meth(), 1) self.assertEqual(d.a, 2) self.assertEqual(e.a, 2) self.assertEqual(C2.__subclasses__(), [D]) try: del D.__bases__ except (TypeError, AttributeError): pass else: self.fail("shouldn't be able to delete .__bases__") try: D.__bases__ = () except TypeError as msg: if str(msg) == "a new-style class can't have only classic bases": self.fail("wrong error message for .__bases__ = ()") else: self.fail("shouldn't be able to set .__bases__ to ()") try: D.__bases__ = (D,) except TypeError: pass else: # actually, we'll have crashed by here... self.fail("shouldn't be able to create inheritance cycles") try: D.__bases__ = (C, C) except TypeError: pass else: self.fail("didn't detect repeated base classes") try: D.__bases__ = (E,) except TypeError: pass else: self.fail("shouldn't be able to create inheritance cycles") def test_builtin_bases(self): # Make sure all the builtin types can have their base queried without # segfaulting. See issue #5787. builtin_types = [tp for tp in builtins.__dict__.values() if isinstance(tp, type)] for tp in builtin_types: object.__getattribute__(tp, "__bases__") if tp is not object: self.assertEqual(len(tp.__bases__), 1, tp) class L(list): pass class C(object): pass class D(C): pass try: L.__bases__ = (dict,) except TypeError: pass else: self.fail("shouldn't turn list subclass into dict subclass") try: list.__bases__ = (dict,) except TypeError: pass else: self.fail("shouldn't be able to assign to list.__bases__") try: D.__bases__ = (C, list) except TypeError: pass else: assert 0, "best_base calculation found wanting" def test_unsubclassable_types(self): with self.assertRaises(TypeError): class X(type(None)): pass with self.assertRaises(TypeError): class X(object, type(None)): pass with self.assertRaises(TypeError): class X(type(None), object): pass class O(object): pass with self.assertRaises(TypeError): class X(O, type(None)): pass with self.assertRaises(TypeError): class X(type(None), O): pass class X(object): pass with self.assertRaises(TypeError): X.__bases__ = type(None), with self.assertRaises(TypeError): X.__bases__ = object, type(None) with self.assertRaises(TypeError): X.__bases__ = type(None), object with self.assertRaises(TypeError): X.__bases__ = O, type(None) with self.assertRaises(TypeError): X.__bases__ = type(None), O def test_mutable_bases_with_failing_mro(self): # Testing mutable bases with failing mro... class WorkOnce(type): def __new__(self, name, bases, ns): self.flag = 0 return super(WorkOnce, self).__new__(WorkOnce, name, bases, ns) def mro(self): if self.flag > 0: raise RuntimeError("bozo") else: self.flag += 1 return type.mro(self) class WorkAlways(type): def mro(self): # this is here to make sure that .mro()s aren't called # with an exception set (which was possible at one point). # An error message will be printed in a debug build. # What's a good way to test for this? return type.mro(self) class C(object): pass class C2(object): pass class D(C): pass class E(D): pass class F(D, metaclass=WorkOnce): pass class G(D, metaclass=WorkAlways): pass # Immediate subclasses have their mro's adjusted in alphabetical # order, so E's will get adjusted before adjusting F's fails. We # check here that E's gets restored. E_mro_before = E.__mro__ D_mro_before = D.__mro__ try: D.__bases__ = (C2,) except RuntimeError: self.assertEqual(E.__mro__, E_mro_before) self.assertEqual(D.__mro__, D_mro_before) else: self.fail("exception not propagated") def test_mutable_bases_catch_mro_conflict(self): # Testing mutable bases catch mro conflict... class A(object): pass class B(object): pass class C(A, B): pass class D(A, B): pass class E(C, D): pass try: C.__bases__ = (B, A) except TypeError: pass else: self.fail("didn't catch MRO conflict") def test_mutable_names(self): # Testing mutable names... class C(object): pass # C.__module__ could be 'test_descr' or '__main__' mod = C.__module__ C.__name__ = 'D' self.assertEqual((C.__module__, C.__name__), (mod, 'D')) C.__name__ = 'D.E' self.assertEqual((C.__module__, C.__name__), (mod, 'D.E')) def test_evil_type_name(self): # A badly placed Py_DECREF in type_set_name led to arbitrary code # execution while the type structure was not in a sane state, and a # possible segmentation fault as a result. See bug #16447. class Nasty(str): def __del__(self): C.__name__ = "other" class C: pass C.__name__ = Nasty("abc") C.__name__ = "normal" def test_subclass_right_op(self): # Testing correct dispatch of subclass overloading __r__... # This code tests various cases where right-dispatch of a subclass # should be preferred over left-dispatch of a base class. # Case 1: subclass of int; this tests code in abstract.c::binary_op1() class B(int): def __floordiv__(self, other): return "B.__floordiv__" def __rfloordiv__(self, other): return "B.__rfloordiv__" self.assertEqual(B(1) // 1, "B.__floordiv__") self.assertEqual(1 // B(1), "B.__rfloordiv__") # Case 2: subclass of object; this is just the baseline for case 3 class C(object): def __floordiv__(self, other): return "C.__floordiv__" def __rfloordiv__(self, other): return "C.__rfloordiv__" self.assertEqual(C() // 1, "C.__floordiv__") self.assertEqual(1 // C(), "C.__rfloordiv__") # Case 3: subclass of new-style class; here it gets interesting class D(C): def __floordiv__(self, other): return "D.__floordiv__" def __rfloordiv__(self, other): return "D.__rfloordiv__" self.assertEqual(D() // C(), "D.__floordiv__") self.assertEqual(C() // D(), "D.__rfloordiv__") # Case 4: this didn't work right in 2.2.2 and 2.3a1 class E(C): pass self.assertEqual(E.__rfloordiv__, C.__rfloordiv__) self.assertEqual(E() // 1, "C.__floordiv__") self.assertEqual(1 // E(), "C.__rfloordiv__") self.assertEqual(E() // C(), "C.__floordiv__") self.assertEqual(C() // E(), "C.__floordiv__") # This one would fail @support.impl_detail("testing an internal kind of method object") def test_meth_class_get(self): # Testing __get__ method of METH_CLASS C methods... # Full coverage of descrobject.c::classmethod_get() # Baseline arg = [1, 2, 3] res = {1: None, 2: None, 3: None} self.assertEqual(dict.fromkeys(arg), res) self.assertEqual({}.fromkeys(arg), res) # Now get the descriptor descr = dict.__dict__["fromkeys"] # More baseline using the descriptor directly self.assertEqual(descr.__get__(None, dict)(arg), res) self.assertEqual(descr.__get__({})(arg), res) # Now check various error cases try: descr.__get__(None, None) except TypeError: pass else: self.fail("shouldn't have allowed descr.__get__(None, None)") try: descr.__get__(42) except TypeError: pass else: self.fail("shouldn't have allowed descr.__get__(42)") try: descr.__get__(None, 42) except TypeError: pass else: self.fail("shouldn't have allowed descr.__get__(None, 42)") try: descr.__get__(None, int) except TypeError: pass else: self.fail("shouldn't have allowed descr.__get__(None, int)") def test_isinst_isclass(self): # Testing proxy isinstance() and isclass()... class Proxy(object): def __init__(self, obj): self.__obj = obj def __getattribute__(self, name): if name.startswith("_Proxy__"): return object.__getattribute__(self, name) else: return getattr(self.__obj, name) # Test with a classic class class C: pass a = C() pa = Proxy(a) self.assertIsInstance(a, C) # Baseline self.assertIsInstance(pa, C) # Test # Test with a classic subclass class D(C): pass a = D() pa = Proxy(a) self.assertIsInstance(a, C) # Baseline self.assertIsInstance(pa, C) # Test # Test with a new-style class class C(object): pass a = C() pa = Proxy(a) self.assertIsInstance(a, C) # Baseline self.assertIsInstance(pa, C) # Test # Test with a new-style subclass class D(C): pass a = D() pa = Proxy(a) self.assertIsInstance(a, C) # Baseline self.assertIsInstance(pa, C) # Test def test_proxy_super(self): # Testing super() for a proxy object... class Proxy(object): def __init__(self, obj): self.__obj = obj def __getattribute__(self, name): if name.startswith("_Proxy__"): return object.__getattribute__(self, name) else: return getattr(self.__obj, name) class B(object): def f(self): return "B.f" class C(B): def f(self): return super(C, self).f() + "->C.f" obj = C() p = Proxy(obj) self.assertEqual(C.__dict__["f"](p), "B.f->C.f") def test_carloverre(self): # Testing prohibition of Carlo Verre's hack... try: object.__setattr__(str, "foo", 42) except TypeError: pass else: self.fail("Carlo Verre __setattr__ succeeded!") try: object.__delattr__(str, "lower") except TypeError: pass else: self.fail("Carlo Verre __delattr__ succeeded!") def test_weakref_segfault(self): # Testing weakref segfault... # SF 742911 import weakref class Provoker: def __init__(self, referrent): self.ref = weakref.ref(referrent) def __del__(self): x = self.ref() class Oops(object): pass o = Oops() o.whatever = Provoker(o) del o def test_wrapper_segfault(self): # SF 927248: deeply nested wrappers could cause stack overflow f = lambda:None for i in range(1000000): f = f.__call__ f = None def test_file_fault(self): # Testing sys.stdout is changed in getattr... test_stdout = sys.stdout class StdoutGuard: def __getattr__(self, attr): sys.stdout = sys.__stdout__ raise RuntimeError("Premature access to sys.stdout.%s" % attr) sys.stdout = StdoutGuard() try: print("Oops!") except RuntimeError: pass finally: sys.stdout = test_stdout def test_vicious_descriptor_nonsense(self): # Testing vicious_descriptor_nonsense... # A potential segfault spotted by Thomas Wouters in mail to # python-dev 2003-04-17, turned into an example & fixed by Michael # Hudson just less than four months later... class Evil(object): def __hash__(self): return hash('attr') def __eq__(self, other): try: del C.attr except AttributeError: # possible race condition pass return 0 class Descr(object): def __get__(self, ob, type=None): return 1 class C(object): attr = Descr() c = C() c.__dict__[Evil()] = 0 self.assertEqual(c.attr, 1) # this makes a crash more likely: support.gc_collect() self.assertNotHasAttr(c, 'attr') def test_init(self): # SF 1155938 class Foo(object): def __init__(self): return 10 try: Foo() except TypeError: pass else: self.fail("did not test __init__() for None return") def assertNotOrderable(self, a, b): with self.assertRaises(TypeError): a < b with self.assertRaises(TypeError): a > b with self.assertRaises(TypeError): a <= b with self.assertRaises(TypeError): a >= b def test_method_wrapper(self): # Testing method-wrapper objects... # did not support any reflection before 2.5 l = [] self.assertTrue(l.__add__ == l.__add__) self.assertFalse(l.__add__ != l.__add__) self.assertFalse(l.__add__ == [].__add__) self.assertTrue(l.__add__ != [].__add__) self.assertFalse(l.__add__ == l.__mul__) self.assertTrue(l.__add__ != l.__mul__) self.assertNotOrderable(l.__add__, l.__add__) self.assertEqual(l.__add__.__name__, '__add__') self.assertIs(l.__add__.__self__, l) self.assertIs(l.__add__.__objclass__, list) self.assertEqual(l.__add__.__doc__, list.__add__.__doc__) # hash([].__add__) should not be based on hash([]) hash(l.__add__) def test_builtin_function_or_method(self): # Not really belonging to test_descr, but introspection and # comparison on seems not # to be tested elsewhere l = [] self.assertTrue(l.append == l.append) self.assertFalse(l.append != l.append) self.assertFalse(l.append == [].append) self.assertTrue(l.append != [].append) self.assertFalse(l.append == l.pop) self.assertTrue(l.append != l.pop) self.assertNotOrderable(l.append, l.append) self.assertEqual(l.append.__name__, 'append') self.assertIs(l.append.__self__, l) # self.assertIs(l.append.__objclass__, list) --- could be added? self.assertEqual(l.append.__doc__, list.append.__doc__) # hash([].append) should not be based on hash([]) hash(l.append) def test_special_unbound_method_types(self): # Testing objects of ... self.assertTrue(list.__add__ == list.__add__) self.assertFalse(list.__add__ != list.__add__) self.assertFalse(list.__add__ == list.__mul__) self.assertTrue(list.__add__ != list.__mul__) self.assertNotOrderable(list.__add__, list.__add__) self.assertEqual(list.__add__.__name__, '__add__') self.assertIs(list.__add__.__objclass__, list) # Testing objects of ... self.assertTrue(list.append == list.append) self.assertFalse(list.append != list.append) self.assertFalse(list.append == list.pop) self.assertTrue(list.append != list.pop) self.assertNotOrderable(list.append, list.append) self.assertEqual(list.append.__name__, 'append') self.assertIs(list.append.__objclass__, list) def test_not_implemented(self): # Testing NotImplemented... # all binary methods should be able to return a NotImplemented import operator def specialmethod(self, other): return NotImplemented def check(expr, x, y): try: exec(expr, {'x': x, 'y': y, 'operator': operator}) except TypeError: pass else: self.fail("no TypeError from %r" % (expr,)) N1 = sys.maxsize + 1 # might trigger OverflowErrors instead of # TypeErrors N2 = sys.maxsize # if sizeof(int) < sizeof(long), might trigger # ValueErrors instead of TypeErrors for name, expr, iexpr in [ ('__add__', 'x + y', 'x += y'), ('__sub__', 'x - y', 'x -= y'), ('__mul__', 'x * y', 'x *= y'), ('__matmul__', 'x @ y', 'x @= y'), ('__truediv__', 'x / y', 'x /= y'), ('__floordiv__', 'x // y', 'x //= y'), ('__mod__', 'x % y', 'x %= y'), ('__divmod__', 'divmod(x, y)', None), ('__pow__', 'x ** y', 'x **= y'), ('__lshift__', 'x << y', 'x <<= y'), ('__rshift__', 'x >> y', 'x >>= y'), ('__and__', 'x & y', 'x &= y'), ('__or__', 'x | y', 'x |= y'), ('__xor__', 'x ^ y', 'x ^= y')]: rname = '__r' + name[2:] A = type('A', (), {name: specialmethod}) a = A() check(expr, a, a) check(expr, a, N1) check(expr, a, N2) if iexpr: check(iexpr, a, a) check(iexpr, a, N1) check(iexpr, a, N2) iname = '__i' + name[2:] C = type('C', (), {iname: specialmethod}) c = C() check(iexpr, c, a) check(iexpr, c, N1) check(iexpr, c, N2) def test_assign_slice(self): # ceval.c's assign_slice used to check for # tp->tp_as_sequence->sq_slice instead of # tp->tp_as_sequence->sq_ass_slice class C(object): def __setitem__(self, idx, value): self.value = value c = C() c[1:2] = 3 self.assertEqual(c.value, 3) def test_set_and_no_get(self): # See # http://mail.python.org/pipermail/python-dev/2010-January/095637.html class Descr(object): def __init__(self, name): self.name = name def __set__(self, obj, value): obj.__dict__[self.name] = value descr = Descr("a") class X(object): a = descr x = X() self.assertIs(x.a, descr) x.a = 42 self.assertEqual(x.a, 42) # Also check type_getattro for correctness. class Meta(type): pass class X(metaclass=Meta): pass X.a = 42 Meta.a = Descr("a") self.assertEqual(X.a, 42) def test_getattr_hooks(self): # issue 4230 class Descriptor(object): counter = 0 def __get__(self, obj, objtype=None): def getter(name): self.counter += 1 raise AttributeError(name) return getter descr = Descriptor() class A(object): __getattribute__ = descr class B(object): __getattr__ = descr class C(object): __getattribute__ = descr __getattr__ = descr self.assertRaises(AttributeError, getattr, A(), "attr") self.assertEqual(descr.counter, 1) self.assertRaises(AttributeError, getattr, B(), "attr") self.assertEqual(descr.counter, 2) self.assertRaises(AttributeError, getattr, C(), "attr") self.assertEqual(descr.counter, 4) class EvilGetattribute(object): # This used to segfault def __getattr__(self, name): raise AttributeError(name) def __getattribute__(self, name): del EvilGetattribute.__getattr__ for i in range(5): gc.collect() raise AttributeError(name) self.assertRaises(AttributeError, getattr, EvilGetattribute(), "attr") def test_type___getattribute__(self): self.assertRaises(TypeError, type.__getattribute__, list, type) def test_abstractmethods(self): # type pretends not to have __abstractmethods__. self.assertRaises(AttributeError, getattr, type, "__abstractmethods__") class meta(type): pass self.assertRaises(AttributeError, getattr, meta, "__abstractmethods__") class X(object): pass with self.assertRaises(AttributeError): del X.__abstractmethods__ def test_proxy_call(self): class FakeStr: __class__ = str fake_str = FakeStr() # isinstance() reads __class__ self.assertIsInstance(fake_str, str) # call a method descriptor with self.assertRaises(TypeError): str.split(fake_str) # call a slot wrapper descriptor with self.assertRaises(TypeError): str.__add__(fake_str, "abc") def test_repr_as_str(self): # Issue #11603: crash or infinite loop when rebinding __str__ as # __repr__. class Foo: pass Foo.__repr__ = Foo.__str__ foo = Foo() self.assertRaises(RecursionError, str, foo) self.assertRaises(RecursionError, repr, foo) def test_mixing_slot_wrappers(self): class X(dict): __setattr__ = dict.__setitem__ __neg__ = dict.copy x = X() x.y = 42 self.assertEqual(x["y"], 42) self.assertEqual(x, -x) def test_wrong_class_slot_wrapper(self): # Check bpo-37619: a wrapper descriptor taken from the wrong class # should raise an exception instead of silently being ignored class A(int): __eq__ = str.__eq__ __add__ = str.__add__ a = A() with self.assertRaises(TypeError): a == a with self.assertRaises(TypeError): a + a def test_slot_shadows_class_variable(self): with self.assertRaises(ValueError) as cm: class X: __slots__ = ["foo"] foo = None m = str(cm.exception) self.assertEqual("'foo' in __slots__ conflicts with class variable", m) def test_set_doc(self): class X: "elephant" X.__doc__ = "banana" self.assertEqual(X.__doc__, "banana") with self.assertRaises(TypeError) as cm: type(list).__dict__["__doc__"].__set__(list, "blah") self.assertIn("can't set list.__doc__", str(cm.exception)) with self.assertRaises(TypeError) as cm: type(X).__dict__["__doc__"].__delete__(X) self.assertIn("can't delete X.__doc__", str(cm.exception)) self.assertEqual(X.__doc__, "banana") def test_qualname(self): descriptors = [str.lower, complex.real, float.real, int.__add__] types = ['method', 'member', 'getset', 'wrapper'] # make sure we have an example of each type of descriptor for d, n in zip(descriptors, types): self.assertEqual(type(d).__name__, n + '_descriptor') for d in descriptors: qualname = d.__objclass__.__qualname__ + '.' + d.__name__ self.assertEqual(d.__qualname__, qualname) self.assertEqual(str.lower.__qualname__, 'str.lower') self.assertEqual(complex.real.__qualname__, 'complex.real') self.assertEqual(float.real.__qualname__, 'float.real') self.assertEqual(int.__add__.__qualname__, 'int.__add__') class X: pass with self.assertRaises(TypeError): del X.__qualname__ self.assertRaises(TypeError, type.__dict__['__qualname__'].__set__, str, 'Oink') global Y class Y: class Inside: pass self.assertEqual(Y.__qualname__, 'Y') self.assertEqual(Y.Inside.__qualname__, 'Y.Inside') def test_qualname_dict(self): ns = {'__qualname__': 'some.name'} tp = type('Foo', (), ns) self.assertEqual(tp.__qualname__, 'some.name') self.assertNotIn('__qualname__', tp.__dict__) self.assertEqual(ns, {'__qualname__': 'some.name'}) ns = {'__qualname__': 1} self.assertRaises(TypeError, type, 'Foo', (), ns) def test_cycle_through_dict(self): # See bug #1469629 class X(dict): def __init__(self): dict.__init__(self) self.__dict__ = self x = X() x.attr = 42 wr = weakref.ref(x) del x support.gc_collect() self.assertIsNone(wr()) for o in gc.get_objects(): self.assertIsNot(type(o), X) def test_object_new_and_init_with_parameters(self): # See issue #1683368 class OverrideNeither: pass self.assertRaises(TypeError, OverrideNeither, 1) self.assertRaises(TypeError, OverrideNeither, kw=1) class OverrideNew: def __new__(cls, foo, kw=0, *args, **kwds): return object.__new__(cls, *args, **kwds) class OverrideInit: def __init__(self, foo, kw=0, *args, **kwargs): return object.__init__(self, *args, **kwargs) class OverrideBoth(OverrideNew, OverrideInit): pass for case in OverrideNew, OverrideInit, OverrideBoth: case(1) case(1, kw=2) self.assertRaises(TypeError, case, 1, 2, 3) self.assertRaises(TypeError, case, 1, 2, foo=3) def test_subclassing_does_not_duplicate_dict_descriptors(self): class Base: pass class Sub(Base): pass self.assertIn("__dict__", Base.__dict__) self.assertNotIn("__dict__", Sub.__dict__) def test_bound_method_repr(self): class Foo: def method(self): pass self.assertRegex(repr(Foo().method), r">") class Base: def method(self): pass class Derived1(Base): pass class Derived2(Base): def method(self): pass base = Base() derived1 = Derived1() derived2 = Derived2() super_d2 = super(Derived2, derived2) self.assertRegex(repr(base.method), r">") self.assertRegex(repr(derived1.method), r">") self.assertRegex(repr(derived2.method), r">") self.assertRegex(repr(super_d2.method), r">") class Foo: @classmethod def method(cls): pass foo = Foo() self.assertRegex(repr(foo.method), # access via instance r">") self.assertRegex(repr(Foo.method), # access via the class r">") class MyCallable: def __call__(self, arg): pass func = MyCallable() # func has no __name__ or __qualname__ attributes instance = object() method = types.MethodType(func, instance) self.assertRegex(repr(method), r">") func.__name__ = "name" self.assertRegex(repr(method), r">") func.__qualname__ = "qualname" self.assertRegex(repr(method), r">") @unittest.skipIf(_testcapi is None, 'need the _testcapi module') def test_bpo25750(self): # bpo-25750: calling a descriptor (implemented as built-in # function with METH_FASTCALL) should not crash CPython if the # descriptor deletes itself from the class. class Descr: __get__ = _testcapi.bad_get class X: descr = Descr() def __new__(cls): cls.descr = None # Create this large list to corrupt some unused memory cls.lst = [2**i for i in range(10000)] X.descr class DictProxyTests(unittest.TestCase): def setUp(self): class C(object): def meth(self): pass self.C = C @unittest.skipIf(hasattr(sys, 'gettrace') and sys.gettrace(), 'trace function introduces __local__') def test_iter_keys(self): # Testing dict-proxy keys... it = self.C.__dict__.keys() self.assertNotIsInstance(it, list) keys = list(it) keys.sort() self.assertEqual(keys, ['__dict__', '__doc__', '__module__', '__weakref__', 'meth']) @unittest.skipIf(hasattr(sys, 'gettrace') and sys.gettrace(), 'trace function introduces __local__') def test_iter_values(self): # Testing dict-proxy values... it = self.C.__dict__.values() self.assertNotIsInstance(it, list) values = list(it) self.assertEqual(len(values), 5) @unittest.skipIf(hasattr(sys, 'gettrace') and sys.gettrace(), 'trace function introduces __local__') def test_iter_items(self): # Testing dict-proxy iteritems... it = self.C.__dict__.items() self.assertNotIsInstance(it, list) keys = [item[0] for item in it] keys.sort() self.assertEqual(keys, ['__dict__', '__doc__', '__module__', '__weakref__', 'meth']) def test_dict_type_with_metaclass(self): # Testing type of __dict__ when metaclass set... class B(object): pass class M(type): pass class C(metaclass=M): # In 2.3a1, C.__dict__ was a real dict rather than a dict proxy pass self.assertEqual(type(C.__dict__), type(B.__dict__)) def test_repr(self): # Testing mappingproxy.__repr__. # We can't blindly compare with the repr of another dict as ordering # of keys and values is arbitrary and may differ. r = repr(self.C.__dict__) self.assertTrue(r.startswith('mappingproxy('), r) self.assertTrue(r.endswith(')'), r) for k, v in self.C.__dict__.items(): self.assertIn('{!r}: {!r}'.format(k, v), r) class PTypesLongInitTest(unittest.TestCase): # This is in its own TestCase so that it can be run before any other tests. def test_pytype_long_ready(self): # Testing SF bug 551412 ... # This dumps core when SF bug 551412 isn't fixed -- # but only when test_descr.py is run separately. # (That can't be helped -- as soon as PyType_Ready() # is called for PyLong_Type, the bug is gone.) class UserLong(object): def __pow__(self, *args): pass try: pow(0, UserLong(), 0) except: pass # Another segfault only when run early # (before PyType_Ready(tuple) is called) type.mro(tuple) class MiscTests(unittest.TestCase): def test_type_lookup_mro_reference(self): # Issue #14199: _PyType_Lookup() has to keep a strong reference to # the type MRO because it may be modified during the lookup, if # __bases__ is set during the lookup for example. class MyKey(object): def __hash__(self): return hash('mykey') def __eq__(self, other): X.__bases__ = (Base2,) class Base(object): mykey = 'from Base' mykey2 = 'from Base' class Base2(object): mykey = 'from Base2' mykey2 = 'from Base2' X = type('X', (Base,), {MyKey(): 5}) # mykey is read from Base self.assertEqual(X.mykey, 'from Base') # mykey2 is read from Base2 because MyKey.__eq__ has set __bases__ self.assertEqual(X.mykey2, 'from Base2') class PicklingTests(unittest.TestCase): def _check_reduce(self, proto, obj, args=(), kwargs={}, state=None, listitems=None, dictitems=None): if proto >= 2: reduce_value = obj.__reduce_ex__(proto) if kwargs: self.assertEqual(reduce_value[0], copyreg.__newobj_ex__) self.assertEqual(reduce_value[1], (type(obj), args, kwargs)) else: self.assertEqual(reduce_value[0], copyreg.__newobj__) self.assertEqual(reduce_value[1], (type(obj),) + args) self.assertEqual(reduce_value[2], state) if listitems is not None: self.assertListEqual(list(reduce_value[3]), listitems) else: self.assertIsNone(reduce_value[3]) if dictitems is not None: self.assertDictEqual(dict(reduce_value[4]), dictitems) else: self.assertIsNone(reduce_value[4]) else: base_type = type(obj).__base__ reduce_value = (copyreg._reconstructor, (type(obj), base_type, None if base_type is object else base_type(obj))) if state is not None: reduce_value += (state,) self.assertEqual(obj.__reduce_ex__(proto), reduce_value) self.assertEqual(obj.__reduce__(), reduce_value) def test_reduce(self): protocols = range(pickle.HIGHEST_PROTOCOL + 1) args = (-101, "spam") kwargs = {'bacon': -201, 'fish': -301} state = {'cheese': -401} class C1: def __getnewargs__(self): return args obj = C1() for proto in protocols: self._check_reduce(proto, obj, args) for name, value in state.items(): setattr(obj, name, value) for proto in protocols: self._check_reduce(proto, obj, args, state=state) class C2: def __getnewargs__(self): return "bad args" obj = C2() for proto in protocols: if proto >= 2: with self.assertRaises(TypeError): obj.__reduce_ex__(proto) class C3: def __getnewargs_ex__(self): return (args, kwargs) obj = C3() for proto in protocols: if proto >= 2: self._check_reduce(proto, obj, args, kwargs) class C4: def __getnewargs_ex__(self): return (args, "bad dict") class C5: def __getnewargs_ex__(self): return ("bad tuple", kwargs) class C6: def __getnewargs_ex__(self): return () class C7: def __getnewargs_ex__(self): return "bad args" for proto in protocols: for cls in C4, C5, C6, C7: obj = cls() if proto >= 2: with self.assertRaises((TypeError, ValueError)): obj.__reduce_ex__(proto) class C9: def __getnewargs_ex__(self): return (args, {}) obj = C9() for proto in protocols: self._check_reduce(proto, obj, args) class C10: def __getnewargs_ex__(self): raise IndexError obj = C10() for proto in protocols: if proto >= 2: with self.assertRaises(IndexError): obj.__reduce_ex__(proto) class C11: def __getstate__(self): return state obj = C11() for proto in protocols: self._check_reduce(proto, obj, state=state) class C12: def __getstate__(self): return "not dict" obj = C12() for proto in protocols: self._check_reduce(proto, obj, state="not dict") class C13: def __getstate__(self): raise IndexError obj = C13() for proto in protocols: with self.assertRaises(IndexError): obj.__reduce_ex__(proto) if proto < 2: with self.assertRaises(IndexError): obj.__reduce__() class C14: __slots__ = tuple(state) def __init__(self): for name, value in state.items(): setattr(self, name, value) obj = C14() for proto in protocols: if proto >= 2: self._check_reduce(proto, obj, state=(None, state)) else: with self.assertRaises(TypeError): obj.__reduce_ex__(proto) with self.assertRaises(TypeError): obj.__reduce__() class C15(dict): pass obj = C15({"quebec": -601}) for proto in protocols: self._check_reduce(proto, obj, dictitems=dict(obj)) class C16(list): pass obj = C16(["yukon"]) for proto in protocols: self._check_reduce(proto, obj, listitems=list(obj)) def test_special_method_lookup(self): protocols = range(pickle.HIGHEST_PROTOCOL + 1) class Picky: def __getstate__(self): return {} def __getattr__(self, attr): if attr in ("__getnewargs__", "__getnewargs_ex__"): raise AssertionError(attr) return None for protocol in protocols: state = {} if protocol >= 2 else None self._check_reduce(protocol, Picky(), state=state) def _assert_is_copy(self, obj, objcopy, msg=None): """Utility method to verify if two objects are copies of each others. """ if msg is None: msg = "{!r} is not a copy of {!r}".format(obj, objcopy) if type(obj).__repr__ is object.__repr__: # We have this limitation for now because we use the object's repr # to help us verify that the two objects are copies. This allows # us to delegate the non-generic verification logic to the objects # themselves. raise ValueError("object passed to _assert_is_copy must " + "override the __repr__ method.") self.assertIsNot(obj, objcopy, msg=msg) self.assertIs(type(obj), type(objcopy), msg=msg) if hasattr(obj, '__dict__'): self.assertDictEqual(obj.__dict__, objcopy.__dict__, msg=msg) self.assertIsNot(obj.__dict__, objcopy.__dict__, msg=msg) if hasattr(obj, '__slots__'): self.assertListEqual(obj.__slots__, objcopy.__slots__, msg=msg) for slot in obj.__slots__: self.assertEqual( hasattr(obj, slot), hasattr(objcopy, slot), msg=msg) self.assertEqual(getattr(obj, slot, None), getattr(objcopy, slot, None), msg=msg) self.assertEqual(repr(obj), repr(objcopy), msg=msg) @staticmethod def _generate_pickle_copiers(): """Utility method to generate the many possible pickle configurations. """ class PickleCopier: "This class copies object using pickle." def __init__(self, proto, dumps, loads): self.proto = proto self.dumps = dumps self.loads = loads def copy(self, obj): return self.loads(self.dumps(obj, self.proto)) def __repr__(self): # We try to be as descriptive as possible here since this is # the string which we will allow us to tell the pickle # configuration we are using during debugging. return ("PickleCopier(proto={}, dumps={}.{}, loads={}.{})" .format(self.proto, self.dumps.__module__, self.dumps.__qualname__, self.loads.__module__, self.loads.__qualname__)) return (PickleCopier(*args) for args in itertools.product(range(pickle.HIGHEST_PROTOCOL + 1), {pickle.dumps, pickle._dumps}, {pickle.loads, pickle._loads})) def test_pickle_slots(self): # Tests pickling of classes with __slots__. # Pickling of classes with __slots__ but without __getstate__ should # fail (if using protocol 0 or 1) global C class C: __slots__ = ['a'] with self.assertRaises(TypeError): pickle.dumps(C(), 0) global D class D(C): pass with self.assertRaises(TypeError): pickle.dumps(D(), 0) class C: "A class with __getstate__ and __setstate__ implemented." __slots__ = ['a'] def __getstate__(self): state = getattr(self, '__dict__', {}).copy() for cls in type(self).__mro__: for slot in cls.__dict__.get('__slots__', ()): try: state[slot] = getattr(self, slot) except AttributeError: pass return state def __setstate__(self, state): for k, v in state.items(): setattr(self, k, v) def __repr__(self): return "%s()<%r>" % (type(self).__name__, self.__getstate__()) class D(C): "A subclass of a class with slots." pass global E class E(C): "A subclass with an extra slot." __slots__ = ['b'] # Now it should work for pickle_copier in self._generate_pickle_copiers(): with self.subTest(pickle_copier=pickle_copier): x = C() y = pickle_copier.copy(x) self._assert_is_copy(x, y) x.a = 42 y = pickle_copier.copy(x) self._assert_is_copy(x, y) x = D() x.a = 42 x.b = 100 y = pickle_copier.copy(x) self._assert_is_copy(x, y) x = E() x.a = 42 x.b = "foo" y = pickle_copier.copy(x) self._assert_is_copy(x, y) def test_reduce_copying(self): # Tests pickling and copying new-style classes and objects. global C1 class C1: "The state of this class is copyable via its instance dict." ARGS = (1, 2) NEED_DICT_COPYING = True def __init__(self, a, b): super().__init__() self.a = a self.b = b def __repr__(self): return "C1(%r, %r)" % (self.a, self.b) global C2 class C2(list): "A list subclass copyable via __getnewargs__." ARGS = (1, 2) NEED_DICT_COPYING = False def __new__(cls, a, b): self = super().__new__(cls) self.a = a self.b = b return self def __init__(self, *args): super().__init__() # This helps testing that __init__ is not called during the # unpickling process, which would cause extra appends. self.append("cheese") @classmethod def __getnewargs__(cls): return cls.ARGS def __repr__(self): return "C2(%r, %r)<%r>" % (self.a, self.b, list(self)) global C3 class C3(list): "A list subclass copyable via __getstate__." ARGS = (1, 2) NEED_DICT_COPYING = False def __init__(self, a, b): self.a = a self.b = b # This helps testing that __init__ is not called during the # unpickling process, which would cause extra appends. self.append("cheese") @classmethod def __getstate__(cls): return cls.ARGS def __setstate__(self, state): a, b = state self.a = a self.b = b def __repr__(self): return "C3(%r, %r)<%r>" % (self.a, self.b, list(self)) global C4 class C4(int): "An int subclass copyable via __getnewargs__." ARGS = ("hello", "world", 1) NEED_DICT_COPYING = False def __new__(cls, a, b, value): self = super().__new__(cls, value) self.a = a self.b = b return self @classmethod def __getnewargs__(cls): return cls.ARGS def __repr__(self): return "C4(%r, %r)<%r>" % (self.a, self.b, int(self)) global C5 class C5(int): "An int subclass copyable via __getnewargs_ex__." ARGS = (1, 2) KWARGS = {'value': 3} NEED_DICT_COPYING = False def __new__(cls, a, b, *, value=0): self = super().__new__(cls, value) self.a = a self.b = b return self @classmethod def __getnewargs_ex__(cls): return (cls.ARGS, cls.KWARGS) def __repr__(self): return "C5(%r, %r)<%r>" % (self.a, self.b, int(self)) test_classes = (C1, C2, C3, C4, C5) # Testing copying through pickle pickle_copiers = self._generate_pickle_copiers() for cls, pickle_copier in itertools.product(test_classes, pickle_copiers): with self.subTest(cls=cls, pickle_copier=pickle_copier): kwargs = getattr(cls, 'KWARGS', {}) obj = cls(*cls.ARGS, **kwargs) proto = pickle_copier.proto objcopy = pickle_copier.copy(obj) self._assert_is_copy(obj, objcopy) # For test classes that supports this, make sure we didn't go # around the reduce protocol by simply copying the attribute # dictionary. We clear attributes using the previous copy to # not mutate the original argument. if proto >= 2 and not cls.NEED_DICT_COPYING: objcopy.__dict__.clear() objcopy2 = pickle_copier.copy(objcopy) self._assert_is_copy(obj, objcopy2) # Testing copying through copy.deepcopy() for cls in test_classes: with self.subTest(cls=cls): kwargs = getattr(cls, 'KWARGS', {}) obj = cls(*cls.ARGS, **kwargs) objcopy = deepcopy(obj) self._assert_is_copy(obj, objcopy) # For test classes that supports this, make sure we didn't go # around the reduce protocol by simply copying the attribute # dictionary. We clear attributes using the previous copy to # not mutate the original argument. if not cls.NEED_DICT_COPYING: objcopy.__dict__.clear() objcopy2 = deepcopy(objcopy) self._assert_is_copy(obj, objcopy2) def test_issue24097(self): # Slot name is freed inside __getattr__ and is later used. class S(str): # Not interned pass class A: __slotnames__ = [S('spam')] def __getattr__(self, attr): if attr == 'spam': A.__slotnames__[:] = [S('spam')] return 42 else: raise AttributeError import copyreg expected = (copyreg.__newobj__, (A,), (None, {'spam': 42}), None, None) self.assertEqual(A().__reduce_ex__(2), expected) # Shouldn't crash def test_object_reduce(self): # Issue #29914 # __reduce__() takes no arguments object().__reduce__() with self.assertRaises(TypeError): object().__reduce__(0) # __reduce_ex__() takes one integer argument object().__reduce_ex__(0) with self.assertRaises(TypeError): object().__reduce_ex__() with self.assertRaises(TypeError): object().__reduce_ex__(None) class SharedKeyTests(unittest.TestCase): @support.cpython_only def test_subclasses(self): # Verify that subclasses can share keys (per PEP 412) class A: pass class B(A): pass a, b = A(), B() self.assertEqual(sys.getsizeof(vars(a)), sys.getsizeof(vars(b))) self.assertLess(sys.getsizeof(vars(a)), sys.getsizeof({"a":1})) # Initial hash table can contain at most 5 elements. # Set 6 attributes to cause internal resizing. a.x, a.y, a.z, a.w, a.v, a.u = range(6) self.assertNotEqual(sys.getsizeof(vars(a)), sys.getsizeof(vars(b))) a2 = A() self.assertEqual(sys.getsizeof(vars(a)), sys.getsizeof(vars(a2))) self.assertLess(sys.getsizeof(vars(a)), sys.getsizeof({"a":1})) b.u, b.v, b.w, b.t, b.s, b.r = range(6) self.assertLess(sys.getsizeof(vars(b)), sys.getsizeof({"a":1})) class DebugHelperMeta(type): """ Sets default __doc__ and simplifies repr() output. """ def __new__(mcls, name, bases, attrs): if attrs.get('__doc__') is None: attrs['__doc__'] = name # helps when debugging with gdb return type.__new__(mcls, name, bases, attrs) def __repr__(cls): return repr(cls.__name__) class MroTest(unittest.TestCase): """ Regressions for some bugs revealed through mcsl.mro() customization (typeobject.c: mro_internal()) and cls.__bases__ assignment (typeobject.c: type_set_bases()). """ def setUp(self): self.step = 0 self.ready = False def step_until(self, limit): ret = (self.step < limit) if ret: self.step += 1 return ret def test_incomplete_set_bases_on_self(self): """ type_set_bases must be aware that type->tp_mro can be NULL. """ class M(DebugHelperMeta): def mro(cls): if self.step_until(1): assert cls.__mro__ is None cls.__bases__ += () return type.mro(cls) class A(metaclass=M): pass def test_reent_set_bases_on_base(self): """ Deep reentrancy must not over-decref old_mro. """ class M(DebugHelperMeta): def mro(cls): if cls.__mro__ is not None and cls.__name__ == 'B': # 4-5 steps are usually enough to make it crash somewhere if self.step_until(10): A.__bases__ += () return type.mro(cls) class A(metaclass=M): pass class B(A): pass B.__bases__ += () def test_reent_set_bases_on_direct_base(self): """ Similar to test_reent_set_bases_on_base, but may crash differently. """ class M(DebugHelperMeta): def mro(cls): base = cls.__bases__[0] if base is not object: if self.step_until(5): base.__bases__ += () return type.mro(cls) class A(metaclass=M): pass class B(A): pass class C(B): pass def test_reent_set_bases_tp_base_cycle(self): """ type_set_bases must check for an inheritance cycle not only through MRO of the type, which may be not yet updated in case of reentrance, but also through tp_base chain, which is assigned before diving into inner calls to mro(). Otherwise, the following snippet can loop forever: do { // ... type = type->tp_base; } while (type != NULL); Functions that rely on tp_base (like solid_base and PyType_IsSubtype) would not be happy in that case, causing a stack overflow. """ class M(DebugHelperMeta): def mro(cls): if self.ready: if cls.__name__ == 'B1': B2.__bases__ = (B1,) if cls.__name__ == 'B2': B1.__bases__ = (B2,) return type.mro(cls) class A(metaclass=M): pass class B1(A): pass class B2(A): pass self.ready = True with self.assertRaises(TypeError): B1.__bases__ += () def test_tp_subclasses_cycle_in_update_slots(self): """ type_set_bases must check for reentrancy upon finishing its job by updating tp_subclasses of old/new bases of the type. Otherwise, an implicit inheritance cycle through tp_subclasses can break functions that recurse on elements of that field (like recurse_down_subclasses and mro_hierarchy) eventually leading to a stack overflow. """ class M(DebugHelperMeta): def mro(cls): if self.ready and cls.__name__ == 'C': self.ready = False C.__bases__ = (B2,) return type.mro(cls) class A(metaclass=M): pass class B1(A): pass class B2(A): pass class C(A): pass self.ready = True C.__bases__ = (B1,) B1.__bases__ = (C,) self.assertEqual(C.__bases__, (B2,)) self.assertEqual(B2.__subclasses__(), [C]) self.assertEqual(B1.__subclasses__(), []) self.assertEqual(B1.__bases__, (C,)) self.assertEqual(C.__subclasses__(), [B1]) def test_tp_subclasses_cycle_error_return_path(self): """ The same as test_tp_subclasses_cycle_in_update_slots, but tests a code path executed on error (goto bail). """ class E(Exception): pass class M(DebugHelperMeta): def mro(cls): if self.ready and cls.__name__ == 'C': if C.__bases__ == (B2,): self.ready = False else: C.__bases__ = (B2,) raise E return type.mro(cls) class A(metaclass=M): pass class B1(A): pass class B2(A): pass class C(A): pass self.ready = True with self.assertRaises(E): C.__bases__ = (B1,) B1.__bases__ = (C,) self.assertEqual(C.__bases__, (B2,)) self.assertEqual(C.__mro__, tuple(type.mro(C))) def test_incomplete_extend(self): """ Extending an unitialized type with type->tp_mro == NULL must throw a reasonable TypeError exception, instead of failing with PyErr_BadInternalCall. """ class M(DebugHelperMeta): def mro(cls): if cls.__mro__ is None and cls.__name__ != 'X': with self.assertRaises(TypeError): class X(cls): pass return type.mro(cls) class A(metaclass=M): pass def test_incomplete_super(self): """ Attrubute lookup on a super object must be aware that its target type can be uninitialized (type->tp_mro == NULL). """ class M(DebugHelperMeta): def mro(cls): if cls.__mro__ is None: with self.assertRaises(AttributeError): super(cls, cls).xxx return type.mro(cls) class A(metaclass=M): pass def test_main(): # Run all local test cases, with PTypesLongInitTest first. support.run_unittest(PTypesLongInitTest, OperatorsTest, ClassPropertiesAndMethods, DictProxyTests, MiscTests, PicklingTests, SharedKeyTests, MroTest) if __name__ == "__main__": test_main()