Fix the pthread+semaphore implementation of
PyThread_acquire_lock_timed() when called with timeout > 0 and
intr_flag=0: recompute the timeout if sem_timedwait() is interrupted
by a signal (EINTR).

See also the PEP 475.

The pthread implementation of PyThread_acquire_lock() now fails with
a fatal error if the timeout is larger than PY_TIMEOUT_MAX, as done
in the Windows implementation.

The check prevents any risk of overflow in PyThread_acquire_lock().

Add also PY_DWORD_MAX constant.

See PEP 539 for details.

Highlights of changes:

- Add Thread Specific Storage (TSS) API
- Document the Thread Local Storage (TLS) API as deprecated
- Update code that used TLS API to use TSS API

* bpo-6532: Make the thread id an unsigned integer.

From C API side the type of results of PyThread_start_new_thread() and
PyThread_get_thread_ident(), the id parameter of
PyThreadState_SetAsyncExc(), and the thread_id field of PyThreadState
changed from "long" to "unsigned long".

* Restore a check in thread_get_ident().

available only when Py_LIMITED_API is set to the PY_VERSION_HEX value of
the minimum Python version supporting this API.

thread implementation.

Skip test_lock_acquire_interruption() and test_rlock_acquire_interruption() of
test_threadsignals if a thread lock is implemented using a POSIX mutex and a
POSIX condition variable. A POSIX condition variable cannot be interrupted by a
signal (e.g. on Linux, the futex system call is restarted).

by signals on platforms using pthreads.  Patch by Reid Kleckner.