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-<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 3.2 Final//EN">
-<html>
-<head>
-<title>Apache 2.0 Layered I/O</title>
-</head>
-
-<!-- Background white, links blue (unvisited), navy (visited), red (active) -->
-<BODY
- BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF"
- TEXT="#000000"
- LINK="#0000FF"
- VLINK="#000080"
- ALINK="#FF0000"
->
-
-<H1 align="center">Apache Layered I/O</H1>
-
-<P>Layered I/O has been the holy grail of Apache module writers for years.
-With Apache 2.0, module writers can finally take advantage of layered I/O
-in their modules.
-
-<P>In all previous versions of Apache, only one handler was allowed to modify
-the data stream that was sent to the client. With Apache 2.0, one module
-can modify the data and then specify that other modules can modify the data
-if they would like.
-
-<H2>Taking advantage of layered I/O</H2>
-
-<P>In order to make a module use layered I/O, there are some modifications
-needed. A new return value has been added for modules, RERUN_HANDLERS.
-When a handler returns this value, the core searches through the list of
-handlers looking for another module that wants to try the request.
-
-<P>When a module returns RERUN_HANDLERS, it must modify two fields of the
-request_rec, the handler and content_type fields. Most modules will
-set the handler field to NULL, and allow the core to choose the which
-module gets run next. If these two fields are not modified, then the server
-will loop forever calling the same module's handler.
-
-<P>Most modules should not write out to the network if they want to take
-advantage of layered I/O. Two BUFF structures have been added to the
-request_rec, one for input and one for output. The module should read and
-write to these BUFFs. The module will also have to setup the input field for
-the next module in the list. A new function has been added, ap_setup_input,
-which all modules should call before they do any reading to get data to modify.
-This function checks to determine if the previous module set the input field,
-if so, that input is used, if not the file is opened and that data source
-is used. The output field is used basically the same way. The module must
-set this field before they call ap_r* in order to take advantage of
-layered I/O. If this field is not set, ap_r* will write directly to the
-client. Usually at the end of a handler, the input (for the next module)
-will be the read side of a pipe, and the output will be the write side of
-the same pipe.
-
-<H3>An Example of Layered I/O.</H3>
-
-<P>This example is the most basic layered I/O example possible. It is
-basically CGIs generated by mod_cgi and sent to the network via http_core.
-
-<P>mod_cgi executes the cgi script, and then sets request_rec->input to
-the output pipe of the CGI. It then NULLs out request_rec->handler, and
-sets request_rec->content_type to whatever the CGI writes out (in this case,
-text/html). Finally, mod_cgi returns RERUN_HANDLERS.
-
-<P>ap_invoke_handlers() then loops back to the top of the handler list
-and searches for a handler that can deal with this content_type. In this case
-the correct module is the default_handler from http_core.
-
-<P>When default handler starts, it calls ap_setup_input, which has found
-a valid request_rec->input, so that is used for all inputs. The output field
-in the request_rec is NULL, so when default_handler calls an output primitive
-it gets sent out over the network.</P>
-
-<I>Ryan Bloom, 25th March 2000</I>
-</body>
-</html>