From ff646fdd8090d95101b1a159664b1c0ec702b2e9 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Mark Doffman Date: Mon, 17 Mar 2014 16:38:21 +0000 Subject: First cut of repository for Baserock xml catalog. --- Makefile | 54 + README | 21 + catalog | 4 + post-install.sh | 35 + xhtml1-20020801/Cover.html | 275 + xhtml1-20020801/DTD/xhtml-lat1.ent | 196 + xhtml1-20020801/DTD/xhtml-special.ent | 80 + xhtml1-20020801/DTD/xhtml-symbol.ent | 237 + xhtml1-20020801/DTD/xhtml.soc | 14 + xhtml1-20020801/DTD/xhtml1-frameset.dtd | 1235 ++++ xhtml1-20020801/DTD/xhtml1-strict.dtd | 978 +++ xhtml1-20020801/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd | 1201 ++++ xhtml1-20020801/DTD/xhtml1.dcl | 192 + xhtml1-20020801/Overview.html | 1218 ++++ xhtml1-20020801/W3C-REC.css | 97 + xhtml1-20020801/acks.html | 77 + xhtml1-20020801/definitions.html | 134 + xhtml1-20020801/diffs.html | 211 + xhtml1-20020801/dtds.html | 4193 ++++++++++++ xhtml1-20020801/guidelines.html | 229 + xhtml1-20020801/introduction.html | 101 + xhtml1-20020801/issues.html | 43 + xhtml1-20020801/logo-REC.png | Bin 0 -> 778 bytes xhtml1-20020801/normative.html | 216 + xhtml1-20020801/prohibitions.html | 51 + xhtml1-20020801/references.html | 135 + xhtml1-20020801/w3c_home.png | Bin 0 -> 2028 bytes xhtml1-20020801/wcag1AAA.png | Bin 0 -> 2386 bytes xhtml1-20020801/xhtml.css | 157 + xhtml1-20020801/xhtml1-diff.html | 1303 ++++ xhtml1-20020801/xhtml1.pdf | Bin 0 -> 115369 bytes xhtml1-20020801/xhtml1.ps | 9304 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++ xml-core.morph | 6 + xml-core.xml | 4 + xml-core/catalog.dtd | 149 + xml-core/catalog.xml | 6 + xml-xhtml1.xml | 3 + xml-xhtml1/catalog.xml | 16 + 38 files changed, 22175 insertions(+) create mode 100644 Makefile create mode 100644 README create mode 100644 catalog create mode 100755 post-install.sh create mode 100644 xhtml1-20020801/Cover.html create mode 100644 xhtml1-20020801/DTD/xhtml-lat1.ent create mode 100644 xhtml1-20020801/DTD/xhtml-special.ent create mode 100644 xhtml1-20020801/DTD/xhtml-symbol.ent create mode 100644 xhtml1-20020801/DTD/xhtml.soc create mode 100644 xhtml1-20020801/DTD/xhtml1-frameset.dtd create mode 100644 xhtml1-20020801/DTD/xhtml1-strict.dtd create mode 100644 xhtml1-20020801/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd create mode 100644 xhtml1-20020801/DTD/xhtml1.dcl create mode 100644 xhtml1-20020801/Overview.html create mode 100644 xhtml1-20020801/W3C-REC.css create mode 100644 xhtml1-20020801/acks.html create mode 100644 xhtml1-20020801/definitions.html create mode 100644 xhtml1-20020801/diffs.html create mode 100644 xhtml1-20020801/dtds.html create mode 100644 xhtml1-20020801/guidelines.html create mode 100644 xhtml1-20020801/introduction.html create mode 100644 xhtml1-20020801/issues.html create mode 100644 xhtml1-20020801/logo-REC.png create mode 100644 xhtml1-20020801/normative.html create mode 100644 xhtml1-20020801/prohibitions.html create mode 100644 xhtml1-20020801/references.html create mode 100644 xhtml1-20020801/w3c_home.png create mode 100644 xhtml1-20020801/wcag1AAA.png create mode 100644 xhtml1-20020801/xhtml.css create mode 100644 xhtml1-20020801/xhtml1-diff.html create mode 100644 xhtml1-20020801/xhtml1.pdf create mode 100644 xhtml1-20020801/xhtml1.ps create mode 100644 xml-core.morph create mode 100644 xml-core.xml create mode 100644 xml-core/catalog.dtd create mode 100644 xml-core/catalog.xml create mode 100644 xml-xhtml1.xml create mode 100644 xml-xhtml1/catalog.xml diff --git a/Makefile b/Makefile new file mode 100644 index 0000000..c7e9f5c --- /dev/null +++ b/Makefile @@ -0,0 +1,54 @@ +INSTALL := install + +DESTDIR := + +SYSCONFDIR := etc +DATADIR := usr/share + +ROOTXMLDIR := ${SYSCONFDIR}/xml +LOCALXMLDIR := ${DATADIR}/xml +COREPACKAGEDIR := ${LOCALXMLDIR}/xml-core +XHTMLPACKAGEDIR := ${LOCALXMLDIR}/xml-xhtml1 + +install: amend-catalogs + +amend-catalogs: install-files + +install-files: + ${INSTALl} -d ${DESTDIR}/${ROOTXMLDIR} + ${INSTALL} -m 644 catalog ${DESTDIR}/${ROOTXMLDIR} + ${INSTALL} -m 644 xml-core.xml ${DESTDIR}/${ROOTXMLDIR} + ${INSTALL} -d ${DESTDIR}/${COREPACKAGEDIR} + ${INSTALL} -m 644 xml-core/catalog.dtd ${DESTDIR}/${COREPACKAGEDIR} + ${INSTALL} -m 644 xml-core/catalog.xml ${DESTDIR}/${COREPACKAGEDIR} + ${INSTALL} -m 644 xml-xhtml1.xml ${DESTDIR}/${ROOTXMLDIR} + ${INSTALL} -m 644 xml-xhtml1/catalog.xml ${DESTDIR}/${XHTMLPACKAGEDIR} + ${INSTALL} -m 644 xhtml1-20020801/DTD/xhtml-lat1.ent ${DESTDIR}/${XHTMLPACKAGEDIR} + ${INSTALL} -m 644 xhtml1-20020801/DTD/xhtml-symbol.ent ${DESTDIR}/${XHTMLPACKAGEDIR} + ${INSTALL} -m 644 xhtml1-20020801/DTD/xhtml-special.ent ${DESTDIR}/${XHTMLPACKAGEDIR} + ${INSTALL} -m 644 xhtml1-20020801/DTD/xhtml1-strict.dtd ${DESTDIR}/${XHTMLPACKAGEDIR} + ${INSTALL} -m 644 xhtml1-20020801/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd ${DESTDIR}/${XHTMLPACKAGEDIR} + ${INSTALL} -m 644 xhtml1-20020801/DTD/xhtml1-frameset.dtd ${DESTDIR}/${XHTMLPACKAGEDIR} + +amend-catalogs: + xmlcatalog --noout --add delegatePublic \ + "-//OASIS//DTD XML Catalogs V1.0//EN" "file:///${COREPACKAGEDIR}/catalog.xml" \ + ${DESTDIR}/${ROOTXMLDIR}/xml-core.xml + xmlcatalog --noout --add delegateSystem \ + "http://www.oasis-open.org/committees/entity/release/1.0/catalog.dtd" "file:///${COREPACKAGEDIR}/catalog.xml" \ + ${DESTDIR}/${ROOTXMLDIR}/xml-core.xml + xmlcatalog --noout --add delegatePublic \ + "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0" "file:///${XHTMLPACKAGEDIR}/catalog.xml" \ + ${DESTDIR}/${ROOTXMLDIR}/xml-xhtml1.xml + xmlcatalog --noout --add delegatePublic \ + "-//W3C//ENTITIES Latin 1 for XHTML//EN" "file:///${XHTMLPACKAGEDIR}/catalog.xml" \ + ${DESTDIR}/${ROOTXMLDIR}/xml-xhtml1.xml + xmlcatalog --noout --add delegatePublic \ + "-//W3C//ENTITIES Symbols for XHTML//EN" "file:///${XHTMLPACKAGEDIR}/catalog.xml" \ + ${DESTDIR}/${ROOTXMLDIR}/xml-xhtml1.xml + xmlcatalog --noout --add delegatePublic \ + "-//W3C//ENTITIES Special for XHTML//EN" "file:///${XHTMLPACKAGEDIR}/catalog.xml" \ + ${DESTDIR}/${ROOTXMLDIR}/xml-xhtml1.xml + xmlcatalog --noout --add delegateSystem \ + "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD" "file:///${XHTMLPACKAGEDIR}/catalog.xml" \ + ${DESTDIR}/${ROOTXMLDIR}/xml-xhtml1.xml diff --git a/README b/README new file mode 100644 index 0000000..25bece8 --- /dev/null +++ b/README @@ -0,0 +1,21 @@ +Baserock XML catalog files. + +Includes base XML catalog DTDs and XHTML1 DTS and entity specificaitons. + +The layout of the XML catalog files follows the debian layout described at: +http://debian-xml-sgml.alioth.debian.org/xml-policy/xml-catalogs.html + +To install the initial catalog files: + +make install + +To link the catalog files to the root xml catalog: + +./post-install.sh + +xml-core/catalog.dtd retrieved from its canonical resource +http://www.oasis-open.org/committees/entity/release/1.0/catalog.dtd on +12/3/14. + +xhtml1-20020801/ retrieved from http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/xhtml1.tgz +on 12/3/14. diff --git a/catalog b/catalog new file mode 100644 index 0000000..c78beb0 --- /dev/null +++ b/catalog @@ -0,0 +1,4 @@ + + + + diff --git a/post-install.sh b/post-install.sh new file mode 100755 index 0000000..c00cd24 --- /dev/null +++ b/post-install.sh @@ -0,0 +1,35 @@ +#!/bin/sh + +set -e + +if [ -z "$SYSCONFDIR" ]; then + SYSCONFDIR=etc +fi + +if [ -z "$DESTDIR" ]; then + DESTDIR= +fi + +ROOTXMLDIR=$SYSCONFDIR/xml + +xmlcatalog --noout --add delegatePublic \ + "-//OASIS//DTD XML Catalogs V1.0//EN" "file:///$ROOTXMLDIR/xml-core.xml" \ + $DESTDIR/$ROOTXMLDIR/catalog +xmlcatalog --noout --add delegateSystem \ + "http://www.oasis-open.org/committees/entity/release/1.0/catalog.dtd" "file:///$ROOTXMLDIR/xml-core.xml" \ + $DESTDIR/$ROOTXMLDIR/catalog +xmlcatalog --noout --add delegatePublic \ + "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0" "file:///$ROOTXMLDIR/xml-xhtml1.xml" \ + $DESTDIR/$ROOTXMLDIR/catalog +xmlcatalog --noout --add delegatePublic \ + "-//W3C//ENTITIES Latin 1 for XHTML//EN" "file:///$ROOTXMLDIR/xml-xhtml1.xml" \ + $DESTDIR/$ROOTXMLDIR/catalog +xmlcatalog --noout --add delegatePublic \ + "-//W3C//ENTITIES Symbols for XHTML//EN" "file:///$ROOTXMLDIR/xml-xhtml1.xml" \ + $DESTDIR/$ROOTXMLDIR/catalog +xmlcatalog --noout --add delegatePublic \ + "-//W3C//ENTITIES Special for XHTML//EN" "file:///$ROOTXMLDIR/xml-xhtml1.xml" \ + $DESTDIR/$ROOTXMLDIR/catalog +xmlcatalog --noout --add delegateSystem \ + "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD" "file:///$ROOTXMLDIR/xml-xhtml1.xml" \ + $DESTDIR/$ROOTXMLDIR/catalog diff --git a/xhtml1-20020801/Cover.html b/xhtml1-20020801/Cover.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000..6006f6c --- /dev/null +++ b/xhtml1-20020801/Cover.html @@ -0,0 +1,275 @@ + + + + + +XHTML 1.0: The Extensible HyperText Markup Language (Second Edition) + + + + + +
[next] [table of contents] + +
+
+ +
W3C + +

XHTML™ 1.0 The Extensible HyperText Markup Language (Second Edition)

+ +

A Reformulation of HTML 4 in XML 1.0

+ +

W3C Recommendation 26 January 2000, revised 1 August 2002

+ +
+
This version:
+ +
http://www.w3.org/TR/2002/REC-xhtml1-20020801
+ +
Latest version:
+ +
http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1
+ +
Previous version:
+ +
http://www.w3.org/TR/2000/REC-xhtml1-20000126
+ +
Diff-marked version:
+ +
http://www.w3.org/TR/2002/REC-xhtml1-20020801/xhtml1-diff.html
+ +
Authors:
+ +
See acknowledgments.
+
+ +

Please refer to the errata for this document, which may include some normative corrections. See also translations.

+ +

This document is also available in these non-normative formats: Multi-part XHTML file, PostScript version, PDF version, ZIP archive, and Gzip'd TAR archive.

+ +

Copyright ©2002 +W3C® (MIT, INRIA, Keio), All Rights Reserved. W3C liability, trademark, document use and software licensing rules apply.

+ +
+
+ +

Abstract

+ +

This specification defines the Second Edition of XHTML 1.0, a reformulation of HTML 4 as an +XML 1.0 application, and three DTDs corresponding to the ones defined by HTML 4. The semantics of the elements and their attributes are +defined in the W3C Recommendation for HTML 4. These semantics provide the foundation for future extensibility of XHTML. Compatibility with existing HTML user agents is possible by following a +small set of guidelines.

+ +

Status of this document

+ +

This section describes the status of this document at the time of its publication. Other documents may supersede this document. The latest status of this document series is maintained at the +W3C.

+ +

This document is the second edition of the XHTML 1.0 specification incorporating the errata changes as of 1 August 2002. Changes between this version and the previous Recommendation are +illustrated in a diff-marked version.

+ +

This second edition is not a new version of XHTML 1.0 (first published 26 January 2000). The changes in this document reflect corrections applied as a result of comments submitted by the +community and as a result of ongoing work within the HTML Working Group. There are no substantive changes in this document - only the integration of various errata.

+ +

The list of known errors in this specification is available at http://www.w3.org/2002/08/REC-xhtml1-20020801-errata.

+ +

Please report errors in this document to www-html-editor@w3.org (archive). Public +discussion on HTML features takes place on the mailing list www-html@w3.org (archive).

+ +

This document has been produced as part of the W3C HTML Activity. The goals of the HTML Working Group +(members only) are discussed in the HTML Working Group charter.

+ +

At the time of publication, the working group believed there were zero patent disclosures relevant to this specification. A current list of patent disclosures relevant to this specification may be +found on the Working Group's patent disclosure page.

+ +

A list of current W3C Recommendations and other technical documents can be found at http://www.w3.org/TR.

+ +

Quick Table of Contents

+ +
+ +
+ +

Full Table of Contents

+ +
+ +
+ +
+
[next] [table of contents]
+ +

+"Level

+ + + diff --git a/xhtml1-20020801/DTD/xhtml-lat1.ent b/xhtml1-20020801/DTD/xhtml-lat1.ent new file mode 100644 index 0000000..ffee223 --- /dev/null +++ b/xhtml1-20020801/DTD/xhtml-lat1.ent @@ -0,0 +1,196 @@ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + diff --git a/xhtml1-20020801/DTD/xhtml-special.ent b/xhtml1-20020801/DTD/xhtml-special.ent new file mode 100644 index 0000000..ca358b2 --- /dev/null +++ b/xhtml1-20020801/DTD/xhtml-special.ent @@ -0,0 +1,80 @@ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + diff --git a/xhtml1-20020801/DTD/xhtml-symbol.ent b/xhtml1-20020801/DTD/xhtml-symbol.ent new file mode 100644 index 0000000..63c2abf --- /dev/null +++ b/xhtml1-20020801/DTD/xhtml-symbol.ent @@ -0,0 +1,237 @@ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + diff --git a/xhtml1-20020801/DTD/xhtml.soc b/xhtml1-20020801/DTD/xhtml.soc new file mode 100644 index 0000000..0624dea --- /dev/null +++ b/xhtml1-20020801/DTD/xhtml.soc @@ -0,0 +1,14 @@ +OVERRIDE YES + -- Oasis entity catalog for Extensible HTML 1.0 -- + +PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Strict//EN" "xhtml1-strict.dtd" +PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "xhtml1-transitional.dtd" +PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Frameset//EN" "xhtml1-frameset.dtd" + + -- ISO latin 1 entity set for Extensible HTML (XML 1.0 format) -- + +PUBLIC "-//W3C//ENTITIES Latin 1 for XHTML//EN" "xhtml-lat1.ent" +PUBLIC "-//W3C//ENTITIES Symbols for XHTML//EN" "xhtml-symbol.ent" +PUBLIC "-//W3C//ENTITIES Special for XHTML//EN" "xhtml-special.ent" + +SGMLDECL "xhtml1.dcl" diff --git a/xhtml1-20020801/DTD/xhtml1-frameset.dtd b/xhtml1-20020801/DTD/xhtml1-frameset.dtd new file mode 100644 index 0000000..d814a6f --- /dev/null +++ b/xhtml1-20020801/DTD/xhtml1-frameset.dtd @@ -0,0 +1,1235 @@ + + + + + +%HTMLlat1; + + +%HTMLsymbol; + + +%HTMLspecial; + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + diff --git a/xhtml1-20020801/DTD/xhtml1-strict.dtd b/xhtml1-20020801/DTD/xhtml1-strict.dtd new file mode 100644 index 0000000..b449108 --- /dev/null +++ b/xhtml1-20020801/DTD/xhtml1-strict.dtd @@ -0,0 +1,978 @@ + + + + + +%HTMLlat1; + + +%HTMLsymbol; + + +%HTMLspecial; + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + diff --git a/xhtml1-20020801/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd b/xhtml1-20020801/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd new file mode 100644 index 0000000..c62c02a --- /dev/null +++ b/xhtml1-20020801/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd @@ -0,0 +1,1201 @@ + + + + + +%HTMLlat1; + + +%HTMLsymbol; + + +%HTMLspecial; + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + diff --git a/xhtml1-20020801/DTD/xhtml1.dcl b/xhtml1-20020801/DTD/xhtml1.dcl new file mode 100644 index 0000000..80d53d4 --- /dev/null +++ b/xhtml1-20020801/DTD/xhtml1.dcl @@ -0,0 +1,192 @@ +" + PIC "?>" + SHORTREF NONE + + NAMES + SGMLREF + + QUANTITY + NONE -- Quantities are not restricted in XML -- + + ENTITIES + "amp" 38 + "lt" 60 + "gt" 62 + "quot" 34 + "apos" 39 + + FEATURES + MINIMIZE + DATATAG NO + OMITTAG NO + RANK NO + SHORTTAG + STARTTAG + EMPTY NO + UNCLOSED NO + NETENABL IMMEDNET + ENDTAG + EMPTY NO + UNCLOSED NO + ATTRIB + DEFAULT YES + OMITNAME NO + VALUE NO + EMPTYNRM YES + IMPLYDEF + ATTLIST NO -- VALID: was YES -- + DOCTYPE NO + ELEMENT NO -- VALID: was YES -- + ENTITY NO + NOTATION NO -- VALID: was YES -- + LINK + SIMPLE NO + IMPLICIT NO + EXPLICIT NO + OTHER + CONCUR NO + SUBDOC NO + FORMAL NO + URN NO + KEEPRSRE YES + VALIDITY TYPE -- VALID: was NOASSERT -- + ENTITIES + REF ANY + INTEGRAL YES + + APPINFO NONE + + SEEALSO "ISO 8879//NOTATION Extensible Markup Language (XML) 1.0//EN" +> + diff --git a/xhtml1-20020801/Overview.html b/xhtml1-20020801/Overview.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000..78e715d --- /dev/null +++ b/xhtml1-20020801/Overview.html @@ -0,0 +1,1218 @@ + + + + + +XHTML 1.0: The Extensible HyperText Markup Language (Second Edition) + + + + +
W3C + +

XHTML™ 1.0 The Extensible HyperText Markup Language (Second Edition)

+ +

A Reformulation of HTML 4 in XML 1.0

+ +

W3C Recommendation 26 January 2000, revised 1 August 2002

+ +
+
This version:
+ +
http://www.w3.org/TR/2002/REC-xhtml1-20020801
+ +
Latest version:
+ +
http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1
+ +
Previous version:
+ +
http://www.w3.org/TR/2000/REC-xhtml1-20000126
+ +
Diff-marked version:
+ +
http://www.w3.org/TR/2002/REC-xhtml1-20020801/xhtml1-diff.html
+ +
Authors:
+ +
See acknowledgments.
+
+ +

Please refer to the errata for this document, which may include some normative corrections. See also translations.

+ +

This document is also available in these non-normative formats: Multi-part XHTML file, PostScript version, PDF version, ZIP archive, and Gzip'd TAR archive.

+ +

Copyright ©2002 +W3C® (MIT, INRIA, Keio), All Rights Reserved. W3C liability, trademark, document use and software licensing rules apply.

+ +
+
+ +

Abstract

+ +

This specification defines the Second Edition of XHTML 1.0, a reformulation of HTML 4 as an +XML 1.0 application, and three DTDs corresponding to the ones defined by HTML 4. The semantics of the elements and their attributes are +defined in the W3C Recommendation for HTML 4. These semantics provide the foundation for future extensibility of XHTML. Compatibility with existing HTML user agents is possible by following a +small set of guidelines.

+ +

Status of this document

+ +

This section describes the status of this document at the time of its publication. Other documents may supersede this document. The latest status of this document series is maintained at the +W3C.

+ +

This document is the second edition of the XHTML 1.0 specification incorporating the errata changes as of 1 August 2002. Changes between this version and the previous Recommendation are +illustrated in a diff-marked version.

+ +

This second edition is not a new version of XHTML 1.0 (first published 26 January 2000). The changes in this document reflect corrections applied as a result of comments submitted by the +community and as a result of ongoing work within the HTML Working Group. There are no substantive changes in this document - only the integration of various errata.

+ +

The list of known errors in this specification is available at http://www.w3.org/2002/08/REC-xhtml1-20020801-errata.

+ +

Please report errors in this document to www-html-editor@w3.org (archive). Public +discussion on HTML features takes place on the mailing list www-html@w3.org (archive).

+ +

This document has been produced as part of the W3C HTML Activity. The goals of the HTML Working Group +(members only) are discussed in the HTML Working Group charter.

+ +

At the time of publication, the working group believed there were zero patent disclosures relevant to this specification. A current list of patent disclosures relevant to this specification may be +found on the Working Group's patent disclosure page.

+ +

A list of current W3C Recommendations and other technical documents can be found at http://www.w3.org/TR.

+ +

Quick Table of Contents

+ +
+ +
+ +

Full Table of Contents

+ +
+ +
+ + +

1. What is XHTML?

+ +

This section is informative.

+ +

XHTML is a family of current and future document types and modules that reproduce, subset, and extend HTML 4 [HTML4]. XHTML family +document types are XML based, and ultimately are designed to work in conjunction with XML-based user agents. The details of this family and its +evolution are discussed in more detail in [XHTMLMOD].

+ +

XHTML 1.0 (this specification) is the first document type in the XHTML family. It is a reformulation of the three HTML 4 document types as applications of XML 1.0 [XML]. It is intended to be used as a language for content that is both XML-conforming and, if some simple guidelines are +followed, operates in HTML 4 conforming user agents. Developers who migrate their content to XHTML 1.0 will realize the following benefits:

+ + + +

The XHTML family is the next step in the evolution of the Internet. By migrating to XHTML today, content developers can enter the XML world with all of its attendant benefits, while still +remaining confident in their content's backward and future compatibility.

+ +

1.1. What is HTML 4?

+ +

HTML 4 [HTML4] is an SGML (Standard Generalized Markup Language) application +conforming to International Standard ISO 8879, and is widely regarded as the standard publishing language of the World Wide +Web.

+ +

SGML is a language for describing markup languages, particularly those used in electronic document exchange, document management, and document publishing. HTML is an example of a language defined +in SGML.

+ +

SGML has been around since the middle 1980's and has remained quite stable. Much of this stability stems from the fact that the language is both feature-rich and flexible. This flexibility, +however, comes at a price, and that price is a level of complexity that has inhibited its adoption in a diversity of environments, including the World Wide Web.

+ +

HTML, as originally conceived, was to be a language for the exchange of scientific and other technical documents, suitable for use by non-document specialists. HTML addressed the problem of SGML +complexity by specifying a small set of structural and semantic tags suitable for authoring relatively simple documents. In addition to simplifying the document structure, HTML added support for +hypertext. Multimedia capabilities were added later.

+ +

In a remarkably short space of time, HTML became wildly popular and rapidly outgrew its original purpose. Since HTML's inception, there has been rapid invention of new elements for use within HTML +(as a standard) and for adapting HTML to vertical, highly specialized, markets. This plethora of new elements has led to interoperability problems for documents across different platforms.

+ +

1.2. What is XML?

+ +

XML™ is the shorthand name for Extensible Markup Language [XML].

+ +

XML was conceived as a means of regaining the power and flexibility of SGML without most of its complexity. Although a restricted form of SGML, XML nonetheless preserves most of SGML's power and +richness, and yet still retains all of SGML's commonly used features.

+ +

While retaining these beneficial features, XML removes many of the more complex features of SGML that make the authoring and design of suitable software both difficult and costly.

+ +

1.3. Why the need for XHTML?

+ +

The benefits of migrating to XHTML 1.0 are described above. Some of the benefits of migrating to XHTML in general are:

+ + + + +

2. Definitions

+ +

This section is normative.

+ +

2.1. Terminology

+ +

The following terms are used in this specification. These terms extend the definitions in [RFC2119] in ways based upon similar definitions in +ISO/IEC 9945-1:1990 [POSIX.1]:

+ +
+
May
+ +
With respect to implementations, the word "may" is to be interpreted as an optional feature that is not required in this specification but can be provided. With respect to Document Conformance, the word "may" means that the optional feature must not be used. The term "optional" has the same definition as "may".
+ +
Must
+ +
In this specification, the word "must" is to be interpreted as a mandatory requirement on the implementation or on Strictly Conforming XHTML Documents, depending upon the context. The term +"shall" has the same definition as "must".
+ +
Optional
+ +
See "May".
+ +
Reserved
+ +
A value or behavior is unspecified, but it is not allowed to be used by Conforming Documents nor to be supported by Conforming User Agents.
+ +
Shall
+ +
See "Must".
+ +
Should
+ +
With respect to implementations, the word "should" is to be interpreted as an implementation recommendation, but not a requirement. With respect to documents, the word "should" is to be +interpreted as recommended programming practice for documents and a requirement for Strictly Conforming XHTML Documents.
+ +
Supported
+ +
Certain facilities in this specification are optional. If a facility is supported, it behaves as specified by this specification.
+ +
Unspecified
+ +
When a value or behavior is unspecified, the specification defines no portability requirements for a facility on an implementation even when faced with a document that uses the facility. A +document that requires specific behavior in such an instance, rather than tolerating any behavior when using that facility, is not a Strictly Conforming XHTML Document.
+
+ +

2.2. General Terms

+ +
+
Attribute
+ +
An attribute is a parameter to an element declared in the DTD. An attribute's type and value range, including a possible default value, are defined in the DTD.
+ +
DTD
+ +
A DTD, or document type definition, is a collection of XML markup declarations that, as a collection, defines the legal structure, elements, and +attributes that are available for use in a document that complies to the DTD.
+ +
Document
+ +
A document is a stream of data that, after being combined with any other streams it references, is structured such that it holds information contained within elements +that are organized as defined in the associated DTD. See Document Conformance for more information.
+ +
Element
+ +
An element is a document structuring unit declared in the DTD. The element's content model is defined in the DTD, and additional semantics may +be defined in the prose description of the element.
+ +
Facilities
+ +
Facilities are elements, attributes, and the semantics associated with those elements and +attributes.
+ +
Implementation
+ +
See User Agent.
+ +
Parsing
+ +
Parsing is the act whereby a document is scanned, and the information contained within the document is filtered into the context of the elements in which the information is structured.
+ +
Rendering
+ +
Rendering is the act whereby the information in a document is presented. This presentation is done in the form most appropriate to the environment (e.g. aurally, +visually, in print).
+ +
User Agent
+ +
A user agent is a system that processes XHTML documents in accordance with this specification. See User Agent Conformance for more information.
+ +
Validation
+ +
Validation is a process whereby documents are verified against the associated DTD, ensuring that the structure, use of +elements, and use of attributes are consistent with the definitions in the DTD.
+ +
Well-formed
+ +
A document is well-formed when it is structured according to the rules defined in Section 2.1 of the XML 1.0 +Recommendation [XML].
+
+ + +

3. Normative Definition of XHTML 1.0

+ +

This section is normative.

+ +

3.1. Document Conformance

+ +

This version of XHTML provides a definition of strictly conforming XHTML 1.0 documents, which are restricted to elements and attributes from the XML and XHTML 1.0 namespaces. See Section 3.1.2 for information on using XHTML with other namespaces, for instance, to include metadata expressed in RDF within XHTML +documents.

+ +

3.1.1. Strictly Conforming Documents

+ +

A Strictly Conforming XHTML Document is an XML document that requires only the facilities described as mandatory in this specification. Such a document must meet all of the following criteria:

+ +
    +
  1. +

    It must conform to the constraints expressed in one of the three DTDs found in DTDs and in Appendix B.

    +
    2. + +
  2. +

    The root element of the document must be html.

    +
    3. + +
  3. +

    The root element of the document must contain an xmlns declaration for the XHTML namespace [XMLNS]. The namespace for XHTML is +defined to be http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml. An example root element might look like:

    + +
    +
    +<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en" lang="en">
+
    +
    +
    4. + +
  4. +

    There must be a DOCTYPE declaration in the document prior to the root element. The public identifier included in the DOCTYPE declaration must reference one of the three DTDs found in DTDs using the respective Formal Public Identifier. The system identifier may be changed to reflect local system conventions.

    + +
    +<!DOCTYPE html 
+     PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Strict//EN"
+     "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-strict.dtd">
+
+<!DOCTYPE html 
+     PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN"
+     "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
+
+<!DOCTYPE html 
+     PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Frameset//EN"
+     "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-frameset.dtd">
+
    +
    5. + +
  5. +

    The DTD subset must not be used to override any parameter entities in the DTD.

    +
    6. +
+ +

An XML declaration is not required in all XML documents; however XHTML document authors are strongly encouraged to use XML declarations in all their documents. Such a declaration is required when +the character encoding of the document is other than the default UTF-8 or UTF-16 and no encoding was determined by a higher-level protocol. Here is an example of an XHTML document. In this example, +the XML declaration is included.

+ +
+
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
+<!DOCTYPE html 
+     PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Strict//EN"
+    "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-strict.dtd">
+<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en" lang="en">
+  <head>
+    <title>Virtual Library</title>
+  </head>
+  <body>
+    <p>Moved to <a href="http://example.org/">example.org</a>.</p>
+  </body>
+</html>
+
+
+ +

3.1.2. Using XHTML with other namespaces

+ +

The XHTML namespace may be used with other XML namespaces as per [XMLNS], although such documents are not strictly conforming XHTML 1.0 +documents as defined above. Work by W3C is addressing ways to specify conformance for documents involving multiple namespaces. For an example, see [XHTML+MathML].

+ +

The following example shows the way in which XHTML 1.0 could be used in conjunction with the MathML Recommendation:

+ +
+
+<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en" lang="en">
+  <head>
+    <title>A Math Example</title>
+  </head>
+  <body>
+    <p>The following is MathML markup:</p>
+    <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
+      <apply> <log/>
+        <logbase>
+          <cn> 3 </cn>
+        </logbase>
+        <ci> x </ci>
+      </apply>
+    </math>
+  </body>
+</html>
+
+
+ +

The following example shows the way in which XHTML 1.0 markup could be incorporated into another XML namespace:

+ +
+
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
+<!-- initially, the default namespace is "books" -->
+<book xmlns='urn:loc.gov:books'
+    xmlns:isbn='urn:ISBN:0-395-36341-6' xml:lang="en" lang="en">
+  <title>Cheaper by the Dozen</title>
+  <isbn:number>1568491379</isbn:number>
+  <notes>
+    <!-- make HTML the default namespace for a hypertext commentary -->
+    <p xmlns='http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml'>
+        This is also available <a href="http://www.w3.org/">online</a>.
+    </p>
+  </notes>
+</book>
+
+
+ +

3.2. User Agent Conformance

+ +

A conforming user agent must meet all of the following criteria:

+ +
    +
  1. In order to be consistent with the XML 1.0 Recommendation [XML], the user agent must parse and evaluate an XHTML document for well-formedness. +If the user agent claims to be a validating user agent, it must also validate documents against their referenced DTDs according to [XML].
    2. + +
  2. When the user agent claims to support facilities defined within this specification or required by this specification through normative reference, it must +do so in ways consistent with the facilities' definition.
    3. + +
  3. When a user agent processes an XHTML document as generic XML, it shall only recognize attributes of type ID (i.e. the id attribute on most XHTML elements) as fragment +identifiers.
    4. + +
  4. If a user agent encounters an element it does not recognize, it must process the element's content.
    5. + +
  5. If a user agent encounters an attribute it does not recognize, it must ignore the entire attribute specification (i.e., the attribute and its value).
    6. + +
  6. If a user agent encounters an attribute value it does not recognize, it must use the default attribute value.
    7. + +
  7. If it encounters an entity reference (other than one of the entities defined in this recommendation or in the XML recommendation) for which the user agent has processed no declaration (which +could happen if the declaration is in the external subset which the user agent hasn't read), the entity reference should be processed as the characters (starting with the ampersand and ending with +the semi-colon) that make up the entity reference.
    8. + +
  8. When processing content, user agents that encounter characters or character entity references that are recognized but not renderable may substitute another rendering that gives the same meaning, +or must display the document in such a way that it is obvious to the user that normal rendering has not taken place.
    9. + +
  9. +

    White space is handled according to the following rules. The following characters are defined in [XML] white space characters:

    + +
      +
    • SPACE (&#x0020;)
      • + +
    • HORIZONTAL TABULATION (&#x0009;)
      • + +
    • CARRIAGE RETURN (&#x000D;)
      • + +
    • LINE FEED (&#x000A;)
      • +
    + +

    The XML processor normalizes different systems' line end codes into one single LINE FEED character, that is passed up to the application.

    + +

    The user agent must use the definition from CSS for processing whitespace characters [CSS2]. Note that the CSS2 recommendation does not +explicitly address the issue of whitespace handling in non-Latin character sets. This will be addressed in a future version of CSS, at which time this reference will be updated.

    +
    10. +
+ +

Note that in order to produce a Canonical XHTML document, the rules above must be applied and the rules in [XMLC14N] must also be applied to +the document.

+ + +

4. Differences with HTML 4

+ +

This section is informative.

+ +

Due to the fact that XHTML is an XML application, certain practices that were perfectly legal in SGML-based HTML 4 [HTML4] must be +changed.

+ +

4.1. Documents must be well-formed

+ +

Well-formedness is a new concept introduced by [XML]. Essentially this means that all elements must +either have closing tags or be written in a special form (as described below), and that all the elements must nest properly.

+ +

Although overlapping is illegal in SGML, it is widely tolerated in existing browsers.

+ +

CORRECT: nested elements.

+ +
+

<p>here is an emphasized <em>paragraph</em>.</p>

+
+ +

INCORRECT: overlapping elements

+ +
+

<p>here is an emphasized <em>paragraph.</p></em>

+
+ +

4.2. Element and attribute names must be in lower case

+ +

XHTML documents must use lower case for all HTML element and attribute names. This difference is necessary because XML is case-sensitive e.g. <li> and <LI> are different tags.

+ +

4.3. For non-empty elements, end tags are required

+ +

In SGML-based HTML 4 certain elements were permitted to omit the end tag; with the elements that followed implying closure. XML does not allow end tags to be omitted. All elements other than those +declared in the DTD as EMPTY must have an end tag. Elements that are declared in the DTD as EMPTY can have an end tag or can use empty element shorthand (see Empty Elements).

+ +

CORRECT: terminated elements

+ +
+

<p>here is a paragraph.</p><p>here is another paragraph.</p>

+
+ +

INCORRECT: unterminated elements

+ +
+

<p>here is a paragraph.<p>here is another paragraph.

+
+ +

4.4. Attribute values must always be quoted

+ +

All attribute values must be quoted, even those which appear to be numeric.

+ +

CORRECT: quoted attribute values

+ +
+

<td rowspan="3">

+
+ +

INCORRECT: unquoted attribute values

+ +
+

<td rowspan=3>

+
+ +

4.5. Attribute Minimization

+ +

XML does not support attribute minimization. Attribute-value pairs must be written in full. Attribute names such as compact and checked cannot occur in elements without +their value being specified.

+ +

CORRECT: unminimized attributes

+ +
+

<dl compact="compact">

+
+ +

INCORRECT: minimized attributes

+ +
+

<dl compact>

+
+ +

4.6. Empty Elements

+ +

Empty elements must either have an end tag or the start tag must end with />. For instance, <br/> or <hr></hr>. See HTML Compatibility Guidelines for information on ways to ensure this is backward compatible with HTML 4 user agents.

+ +

CORRECT: terminated empty elements

+ +
+

<br/><hr/>

+
+ +

INCORRECT: unterminated empty elements

+ +
+

<br><hr>

+
+ +

4.7. White Space handling in attribute values

+ +

When user agents process attributes, they do so according to Section 3.3.3 of [XML]:

+ + + +

4.8. Script and Style elements

+ +

In XHTML, the script and style elements are declared as having #PCDATA content. As a result, < and & will be treated as the start of markup, and +entities such as &lt; and &amp; will be recognized as entity references by the XML processor to < and & respectively. Wrapping the +content of the script or style element within a CDATA marked section avoids the expansion of these entities.

+ +
+
+<script type="text/javascript">
+<![CDATA[
+... unescaped script content ...
+]]>
+</script>
+
+
+ +

CDATA sections are recognized by the XML processor and appear as nodes in the Document Object Model, see Section 1.3 of the DOM Level 1 Recommendation [DOM].

+ +

An alternative is to use external script and style documents.

+ +

4.9. SGML exclusions

+ +

SGML gives the writer of a DTD the ability to exclude specific elements from being contained within an element. Such prohibitions (called "exclusions") are not possible in XML.

+ +

For example, the HTML 4 Strict DTD forbids the nesting of an 'a' element within another 'a' element to any descendant depth. It is not possible to spell out such +prohibitions in XML. Even though these prohibitions cannot be defined in the DTD, certain elements should not be nested. A summary of such elements and the elements that should not be nested in them +is found in the normative Element Prohibitions.

+ +

4.10. The elements with 'id' and 'name' attributes

+ +

HTML 4 defined the name attribute for the elements a, applet, form, frame, iframe, img, and +map. HTML 4 also introduced the id attribute. Both of these attributes are designed to be used as fragment identifiers.

+ +

In XML, fragment identifiers are of type ID, and there can only be a single attribute of type ID per element. Therefore, in XHTML 1.0 the id attribute is +defined to be of type ID. In order to ensure that XHTML 1.0 documents are well-structured XML documents, XHTML 1.0 documents MUST use the id attribute when defining fragment +identifiers on the elements listed above. See the HTML Compatibility Guidelines for information on ensuring such anchors are backward compatible when serving +XHTML documents as media type text/html.

+ +

Note that in XHTML 1.0, the name attribute of these elements is formally deprecated, and will be removed in a subsequent version of XHTML.

+ +

4.11. Attributes with pre-defined value sets

+ +

HTML 4 and XHTML both have some attributes that have pre-defined and limited sets of values (e.g. the type attribute of the input element). In SGML and XML, these are +called enumerated attributes. Under HTML 4, the interpretation of these values was case-insensitive, so a value of TEXT was equivalent to a value of text. +Under XML, the interpretation of these values is case-sensitive, and in XHTML 1 all of these values are defined in lower-case.

+ +

4.12. Entity references as hex values

+ +

SGML and XML both permit references to characters by using hexadecimal values. In SGML these references could be made using either &#Xnn; or &#xnn;. In XML documents, you must use the +lower-case version (i.e. &#xnn;)

+ + +

5. Compatibility Issues

+ +

This section is normative.

+ +

Although there is no requirement for XHTML 1.0 documents to be compatible with existing user agents, in practice this is easy to accomplish. Guidelines for creating compatible documents can be +found in Appendix C.

+ +

5.1. Internet Media Type

+ +

XHTML Documents which follow the guidelines set forth in Appendix C, "HTML Compatibility Guidelines" may be labeled with the Internet Media Type +"text/html" [RFC2854], as they are compatible with most HTML browsers. Those documents, and any other document conforming to this specification, +may also be labeled with the Internet Media Type "application/xhtml+xml" as defined in [RFC3236]. For further information on using media types +with XHTML, see the informative note [XHTMLMIME].

+ + +

A. DTDs

+ +

This appendix is normative.

+ +

These DTDs and entity sets form a normative part of this specification. The complete set of DTD files together with an XML declaration and SGML Open Catalog is included in the zip file and the gzip'd tar file for this specification. Users looking for local copies of the DTDs to work with should download and use those archives +rather than using the specific DTDs referenced below.

+ +

A.1. Document Type Definitions

+ +

These DTDs approximate the HTML 4 DTDs. The W3C recommends that you use the authoritative versions of these DTDs at their defined SYSTEM identifiers when validating content. If you need to use +these DTDs locally you should download one of the archives of this version. For completeness, the normative versions of the DTDs are included here:

+ +

A.1.1. XHTML-1.0-Strict

+ +

The file DTD/xhtml1-strict.dtd is a normative part of this specification. The annotated contents of this file are available in this separate section for completeness.

+ +

A.1.2. XHTML-1.0-Transitional

+ +

The file DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd is a normative part of this specification. The annotated contents of this file are available in this separate section for completeness.

+ +

A.1.3. XHTML-1.0-Frameset

+ +

The file DTD/xhtml1-frameset.dtd is a normative part of this specification. The annotated contents of this file are available in this separate section for completeness.

+ +

A.2. Entity Sets

+ +

The XHTML entity sets are the same as for HTML 4, but have been modified to be valid XML 1.0 entity declarations. Note the entity for the Euro currency sign (&euro; or +&#8364; or &#x20AC;) is defined as part of the special characters.

+ +

A.2.1. Latin-1 characters

+ +

The file DTD/xhtml-lat1.ent is a normative part of this specification. The annotated contents of this file are available in this separate section for completeness.

+ +

A.2.2. Special characters

+ +

The file DTD/xhtml-special.ent is a normative part of this specification. The annotated contents of this file are available in this separate section for completeness.

+ +

A.2.3. Symbols

+ +

The file DTD/xhtml-symbol.ent is a normative part of this specification. The annotated contents of this file are available in this separate section for completeness.

+ + +

B. Element Prohibitions

+ +

This appendix is normative.

+ +

The following elements have prohibitions on which elements they can contain (see SGML Exclusions). This prohibition applies to all depths of nesting, i.e. it +contains all the descendant elements.

+ +
+
a
+ +
must not contain other a elements.
+ +
pre
+ +
must not contain the img, object, big, small, sub, or sup elements.
+ +
button
+ +
must not contain the input, select, textarea, label, button, form, fieldset, iframe or +isindex elements.
+ +
label
+ +
must not contain other label elements.
+ +
form
+ +
must not contain other form elements.
+
+ + +

C. HTML Compatibility Guidelines

+ +

This appendix is informative.

+ +

This appendix summarizes design guidelines for authors who wish their XHTML documents to render on existing HTML user agents. Note that this recommendation does not define how HTML conforming +user agents should process HTML documents. Nor does it define the meaning of the Internet Media Type text/html. For these definitions, see [HTML4] and [RFC2854] respectively.

+ +

C.1. Processing Instructions and the XML Declaration

+ +

Be aware that processing instructions are rendered on some user agents. Also, some user agents interpret the XML declaration to mean that the document is unrecognized XML rather than HTML, and +therefore may not render the document as expected. For compatibility with these types of legacy browsers, you may want to avoid using processing instructions and XML declarations. Remember, however, +that when the XML declaration is not included in a document, the document can only use the default character encodings UTF-8 or UTF-16.

+ +

C.2. Empty Elements

+ +

Include a space before the trailing / and > of empty elements, e.g. <br />, <hr /> +and <img src="karen.jpg" alt="Karen" />. Also, use the minimized tag syntax for empty elements, e.g. <br />, as the +alternative syntax <br></br> allowed by XML gives uncertain results in many existing user agents.

+ +

C.3. Element Minimization and Empty Element Content

+ +

Given an empty instance of an element whose content model is not EMPTY (for example, an empty title or paragraph) do not use the minimized form (e.g. use +<p> </p> and not <p />).

+ +

C.4. Embedded Style Sheets and Scripts

+ +

Use external style sheets if your style sheet uses < or & or ]]> or --. Use external scripts if your script uses < or +& or ]]> or --. Note that XML parsers are permitted to silently remove the contents of comments. Therefore, the historical practice of "hiding" scripts +and style sheets within "comments" to make the documents backward compatible is likely to not work as expected in XML-based user agents.

+ +

C.5. Line Breaks within Attribute Values

+ +

Avoid line breaks and multiple white space characters within attribute values. These are handled inconsistently by user agents.

+ +

C.6. Isindex

+ +

Don't include more than one isindex element in the document head. The isindex element is deprecated in favor of the input element.

+ +

C.7. The lang and xml:lang Attributes

+ +

Use both the lang and xml:lang attributes when specifying the language of an element. The value of the xml:lang attribute takes precedence.

+ +

C.8. Fragment Identifiers

+ +

In XML, URI-references [RFC2396] that end with fragment identifiers of the form +"#foo" do not refer to elements with an attribute name="foo"; rather, they refer to elements with an attribute defined to be of type ID, e.g., the id +attribute in HTML 4. Many existing HTML clients don't support the use of ID-type attributes in this way, so identical values may be supplied for both of these attributes to ensure +maximum forward and backward compatibility (e.g., <a id="foo" name="foo">...</a>).

+ +

Further, since the set of legal values for attributes of type ID is much smaller than for those of type CDATA, the type of the name attribute has been +changed to NMTOKEN. This attribute is constrained such that it can only have the same values as type ID, or as the Name production in XML 1.0 Section 2.3, +production 5. Unfortunately, this constraint cannot be expressed in the XHTML 1.0 DTDs. Because of this change, care must be taken when converting existing HTML documents. The values of these +attributes must be unique within the document, valid, and any references to these fragment identifiers (both internal and external) must be updated should the values be changed during conversion.

+ +

Note that the collection of legal values in XML 1.0 Section 2.3, production 5 is much larger than that permitted to be used in the ID and NAME types defined in HTML 4. +When defining fragment identifiers to be backward-compatible, only strings matching the pattern [A-Za-z][A-Za-z0-9:_.-]* should be used. See Section 6.2 of [HTML4] for more information.

+ +

Finally, note that XHTML 1.0 has deprecated the name attribute of the a, applet, form, frame, iframe, +img, and map elements, and it will be removed from XHTML in subsequent versions.

+ +

C.9. Character Encoding

+ +

Historically, the character encoding of an HTML document is either specified by a web server via the charset parameter of the HTTP Content-Type header, or via a meta element in the +document itself. In an XML document, the character encoding of the document is specified on the XML declaration (e.g., <?xml version="1.0" encoding="EUC-JP"?>). +In order to portably present documents with specific character encodings, the best approach is to ensure that the web server provides the correct headers. If this is not possible, a document that +wants to set its character encoding explicitly must include both the XML declaration an encoding declaration and a meta http-equiv statement (e.g., <meta +http-equiv="Content-type" content="text/html; charset=EUC-JP" />). In XHTML-conforming user agents, the value of the encoding declaration of the XML declaration takes precedence.

+ +

Note: be aware that if a document must include the character encoding declaration in a meta http-equiv statement, that document may always be interpreted by HTTP servers and/or user agents as +being of the internet media type defined in that statement. If a document is to be served as multiple media types, the HTTP server must be used to set the encoding of the document.

+ +

C.10. Boolean Attributes

+ +

Some HTML user agents are unable to interpret boolean attributes when these appear in their full (non-minimized) form, as required by XML 1.0. Note this problem doesn't affect user agents +compliant with HTML 4. The following attributes are involved: compact, nowrap, ismap, declare, noshade, checked, +disabled, readonly, multiple, selected, noresize, defer.

+ +

C.11. Document Object Model and XHTML

+ +

The Document Object Model level 1 Recommendation [DOM] defines document object model interfaces for XML and HTML 4. The HTML 4 document object +model specifies that HTML element and attribute names are returned in upper-case. The XML document object model specifies that element and attribute names are returned in the case they are specified. +In XHTML 1.0, elements and attributes are specified in lower-case. This apparent difference can be addressed in two ways:

+ +
    +
  1. User agents that access XHTML documents served as Internet media type text/html via the DOM can use the HTML DOM, and can rely upon element +and attribute names being returned in upper-case from those interfaces.
    2. + +
  2. User agents that access XHTML documents served as Internet media types text/xml, application/xml, or application/xhtml+xml can also use the XML DOM. +Elements and attributes will be returned in lower-case. Also, some XHTML elements may or may not appear in the object tree because they are optional in the content model (e.g. the tbody +element within table). This occurs because in HTML 4 some elements were permitted to be minimized such that their start and end tags are both omitted (an SGML feature). This is not +possible in XML. Rather than require document authors to insert extraneous elements, XHTML has made the elements optional. User agents need to adapt to this accordingly. For further information on +this topic, see [DOM2]
    3. +
+ +

C.12. Using Ampersands in Attribute Values (and Elsewhere)

+ +

In both SGML and XML, the ampersand character ("&") declares the beginning of an entity reference (e.g., &reg; for the registered trademark symbol "®"). Unfortunately, many HTML user +agents have silently ignored incorrect usage of the ampersand character in HTML documents - treating ampersands that do not look like entity references as literal ampersands. XML-based user agents +will not tolerate this incorrect usage, and any document that uses an ampersand incorrectly will not be "valid", and consequently will not conform to this specification. In order to ensure that +documents are compatible with historical HTML user agents and XML-based user agents, ampersands used in a document that are to be treated as literal characters must be expressed themselves as an +entity reference (e.g. "&amp;"). For example, when the href attribute of the a element refers to a CGI script that takes parameters, it must be expressed as +http://my.site.dom/cgi-bin/myscript.pl?class=guest&amp;name=user rather than as http://my.site.dom/cgi-bin/myscript.pl?class=guest&name=user.

+ +

C.13. Cascading Style Sheets (CSS) and XHTML

+ +

The Cascading Style Sheets level 2 Recommendation [CSS2] defines style properties which are applied to the parse tree of the HTML or XML +documents. Differences in parsing will produce different visual or aural results, depending on the selectors used. The following hints will reduce this effect for documents which are served without +modification as both media types:

+ +
    +
  1. CSS style sheets for XHTML should use lower case element and attribute names.
    2. + +
  2. In tables, the tbody element will be inferred by the parser of an HTML user agent, but not by the parser of an XML user agent. Therefore you should always explicitly add a tbody element if it is +referred to in a CSS selector.
    3. + +
  3. Within the XHTML namespace, user agents are expected to recognize the "id" attribute as an attribute of type ID. Therefore, style sheets should be able to continue using the shorthand "#" +selector syntax even if the user agent does not read the DTD.
    4. + +
  4. Within the XHTML namespace, user agents are expected to recognize the "class" attribute. Therefore, style sheets should be able to continue using the shorthand "." selector syntax.
    5. + +
  5. CSS defines different conformance rules for HTML and XML documents; be aware that the HTML rules apply to XHTML documents delivered as HTML and the XML rules apply to XHTML documents delivered as +XML.
    6. +
+ +

C.14. Referencing Style Elements when serving as XML

+ +

In HTML 4 and XHTML, the style element can be used to define document-internal style rules. In XML, an XML stylesheet declaration is used to define style rules. In order to be +compatible with this convention, style elements should have their fragment identifier set using the id attribute, and an XML stylesheet declaration should reference this +fragment. For example:

+ +
+
+<?xml-stylesheet href="W3C-REC.css" type="text/css"?>
+<?xml-stylesheet href="#internalStyle" type="text/css"?>
+<!DOCTYPE html 
+     PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Strict//EN"
+     "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-strict.dtd">
+<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en" lang="en">
+<head>
+<title>An internal stylesheet example</title>
+<style type="text/css" id="internalStyle">
+  code {
+    color: green;
+    font-family: monospace;
+    font-weight: bold;
+  }
+</style>
+</head>
+<body>
+<p>
+  This is text that uses our 
+  <code>internal stylesheet</code>.
+</p>
+</body>
+</html>
+
+
+ +

C.15. White Space Characters in HTML vs. XML

+ +

Some characters that are legal in HTML documents, are illegal in XML document. For example, in HTML, the Formfeed character (U+000C) is treated as white space, in XHTML, due to XML's definition of +characters, it is illegal.

+ +

C.16. The Named Character Reference &apos;

+ +

The named character reference &apos; (the apostrophe, U+0027) was introduced in XML 1.0 but does not appear in HTML. Authors should therefore use &#39; instead of +&apos; to work as expected in HTML 4 user agents.

+ + +

D. Acknowledgements

+ +

This appendix is informative.

+ +

This specification was written with the participation of the members of the W3C HTML Working Group.

+ +

At publication of the second edition, the membership was:

+ +
+
Steven Pemberton, CWI/W3C (HTML Working Group Chair)
+Daniel Austin, Grainger
+Jonny Axelsson, Opera Software
+Tantek Çelik, Microsoft
+Doug Dominiak, Openwave Systems
+Herman Elenbaas, Philips Electronics
+Beth Epperson, Netscape/AOL
+Masayasu Ishikawa, W3C (HTML Activity Lead)
+Shin'ichi Matsui, Panasonic
+Shane McCarron, Applied Testing and Technology
+Ann Navarro, WebGeek, Inc.
+Subramanian Peruvemba, Oracle
+Rob Relyea, Microsoft
+Sebastian Schnitzenbaumer, SAP
+Peter Stark, Sony Ericsson
+
+
+ +

At publication of the first edition, the membership was:

+ +
+
Steven Pemberton, CWI (HTML Working Group Chair)
+Murray Altheim, Sun Microsystems
+Daniel Austin, AskJeeves (CNET: The Computer Network through July 1999)
+Frank Boumphrey, HTML Writers Guild
+John Burger, Mitre
+Andrew W. Donoho, IBM
+Sam Dooley, IBM
+Klaus Hofrichter, GMD
+Philipp Hoschka, W3C
+Masayasu Ishikawa, W3C
+Warner ten Kate, Philips Electronics
+Peter King, Phone.com
+Paula Klante, JetForm
+Shin'ichi Matsui, Panasonic (W3C visiting engineer through September 1999)
+Shane McCarron, Applied Testing and Technology (The Open Group through August 1999)
+Ann Navarro, HTML Writers Guild
+Zach Nies, Quark
+Dave Raggett, W3C/HP (HTML Activity Lead)
+Patrick Schmitz, Microsoft
+Sebastian Schnitzenbaumer, Stack Overflow
+Peter Stark, Phone.com
+Chris Wilson, Microsoft
+Ted Wugofski, Gateway 2000
+Dan Zigmond, WebTV Networks
+
+ + +

E. References

+ +

This appendix is informative.

+ +
+
[CSS2]
+ +
"Cascading Style Sheets, level 2 (CSS2) Specification", B. Bos, H. W. Lie, C. Lilley, I. Jacobs, 12 May 1998.
+Latest version available at: http://www.w3.org/TR/REC-CSS2
+ +
[DOM]
+ +
"Document Object Model (DOM) Level 1 Specification", Lauren Wood et al., 1 October +1998.
+Latest version available at: http://www.w3.org/TR/REC-DOM-Level-1
+ +
[DOM2]
+ +
"Document Object Model (DOM) Level 2 Core Specification", A. Le Hors, et +al., 13 November 2000.
+Latest version available at: http://www.w3.org/TR/DOM-Level-2-Core
+ +
[HTML]
+ +
"HTML 4.01 Specification", D. Raggett, A. Le Hors, I. Jacobs, 24 December 1999.
+Latest version available at: http://www.w3.org/TR/html401
+ +
[POSIX.1]
+ +
"ISO/IEC 9945-1:1990 Information Technology - Portable Operating System Interface (POSIX) - Part 1: System Application Program Interface (API) [C Language]", Institute of Electrical +and Electronics Engineers, Inc, 1990.
+ +
[RFC2045]
+ +
"Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions (MIME) Part One: Format of Internet Message Bodies", N. Freed and N. Borenstein, November +1996. Note that this RFC obsoletes RFC1521, RFC1522, and RFC1590.
+ +
[RFC2046]
+ +
"RFC2046: Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions (MIME) Part Two: Media Types", N. Freed and N. Borenstein, November 1996.
+Available at http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc2046.txt. Note that this RFC obsoletes RFC1521, RFC1522, and RFC1590.
+ +
[RFC2119]
+ +
"RFC2119: Key words for use in RFCs to Indicate Requirement Levels", S. Bradner, March 1997.
+Available at: http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc2119.txt
+ +
[RFC2376]
+ +
"RFC2376: XML Media Types", E. Whitehead, M. Murata, July 1998.
+This document is obsoleted by [RFC3023].
+Available at: http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc2376.txt
+ +
[RFC2396]
+ +
"RFC2396: Uniform Resource Identifiers (URI): Generic Syntax", T. Berners-Lee, R. Fielding, L. Masinter, August 1998.
+This document updates RFC1738 and RFC1808.
+Available at: http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc2396.txt
+ +
[RFC2854]
+ +
"RFC2854: The text/html Media Type", D. Conolly, L. Masinter, June 2000.
+Available at: http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc2854.txt
+ +
[RFC3023]
+ +
"RFC3023: XML Media Types", M. Murata, S. St.Laurent, D. Kohn, January 2001.
+This document obsoletes [RFC2376].
+Available at: http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc3023.txt
+ +
[RFC3066]
+ +
"Tags for the Identification of Languages", H. Alvestrand, January 2001.
+Available at: http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc3066.txt
+ +
[RFC3236]
+ +
"The 'application/xhtml+xml' Media Type", M. Baker, P. Stark, January 2002.
+Available at: http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc3236.txt
+ +
[XHTML+MathML]
+ +
"XHTML plus Math 1.1 DTD", "A.2 MathML as a DTD Module", Mathematical +Markup Language (MathML) Version 2.0. Available at: http://www.w3.org/TR/MathML2/dtd/xhtml-math11-f.dtd
+ +
[XHTMLMIME]
+ +
"XHTML Media Types", Masayasu Ishikawa, 1 August 2002.
+Latest version available at: http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml-media-types
+ +
[XHTMLMOD]
+ +
"Modularization of XHTML", M. Altheim et al., 10 April 2001.
+Latest version available at: http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml-modularization
+ +
[XML]
+ +
"Extensible Markup Language (XML) 1.0 Specification (Second Edition)", T. Bray, J. Paoli, C. M. Sperberg-McQueen, E. Maler, 6 October +2000.
+Latest version available at: http://www.w3.org/TR/REC-xml
+ +
[XMLNS]
+ +
"Namespaces in XML", T. Bray, D. Hollander, A. Layman, 14 January 1999.
+XML namespaces provide a simple method for qualifying names used in XML documents by associating them with namespaces identified by URI.
+Latest version available at: http://www.w3.org/TR/REC-xml-names
+ +
[XMLC14N]
+ +
"Canonical XML Version 1.0", J. Boyer, 15 March 2001.
+This document describes a method for generating a physical representation, the canonical form, of an XML document.
+Latest version available at: http://www.w3.org/TR/xml-c14n
+
+ + +

+"Level

+ + + diff --git a/xhtml1-20020801/W3C-REC.css b/xhtml1-20020801/W3C-REC.css new file mode 100644 index 0000000..426c043 --- /dev/null +++ b/xhtml1-20020801/W3C-REC.css @@ -0,0 +1,97 @@ +/* This is an SSI script. Policy: + (1) Use CVS + (2) send e-mail to w3t-comm@w3.org if you edit this +*/ +/* Style for a "Recommendation" */ + +/* + This is an SSI script. Policy: + (1) Use CVS + (2) send e-mail to w3t-comm@w3.org if you edit this + + This style sheet is included in all styles for technical reports. + + Acknowledgments: + + - 'background-color' doesn't work on Mac IE 3, but 'background' + does (Susan Lesch) + + - 'smaller' leads to illegible text in both Mac IE and Mac NS, + 'small' is better: works in Mac NS, but is always 12pt in Mac IE + 3 (Susan Lesch) + + $Id: W3C-REC.css,v 1.4 2002/07/31 21:20:08 ahby Exp $ +*/ + +body { + margin: 2em 1em 2em 70px; + font-family: sans-serif; + color: black; + background: white; + background-position: top left; + background-attachment: fixed; + background-repeat: no-repeat; +} +:link { color: #00C; background: transparent } +:visited { color: #609; background: transparent } +:active { color: #C00; background: transparent } + +th, td { /* ns 4 */ + font-family: sans-serif; +} + +h1, h2, h3, h4, h5, h6 { text-align: left } +/* background should be transparent, but WebTV has a bug */ +h1, h2, h3 { color: #005A9C; background: white } +h1 { font: 170% sans-serif } +h2 { font: 140% sans-serif } +h3 { font: 120% sans-serif } +h4 { font: bold 100% sans-serif } +h5 { font: italic 100% sans-serif } +h6 { font: small-caps 100% sans-serif } + +.hide { display: none } + +div.head { margin-bottom: 1em } +div.head h1 { margin-top: 2em; clear: both } +div.head table { margin-left: 2em; margin-top: 2em } +div.head img { color: white; border: none } /* remove border from top image */ + +p.copyright { font-size: small } +p.copyright small { font-size: small } + +@media screen { /* hide from IE3 */ +a:hover { background: #ffa } +} + +pre { margin-left: 2em } +/* +p { + margin-top: 0.6em; + margin-bottom: 0.6em; +} +*/ +dt, dd { margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0 } /* opera 3.50 */ +dt { font-weight: bold } + +pre, code { font-family: monospace } /* navigator 4 requires this */ + +ul.toc { + list-style: disc; /* Mac NS has problem with 'none' */ + list-style: none; +} + +@media aural { + h1, h2, h3 { stress: 20; richness: 90 } + .hide { speak: none } + p.copyright { volume: x-soft; speech-rate: x-fast } + dt { pause-before: 20% } + pre { speak-punctuation: code } +} + + + +body { + background-image: url(logo-REC.png); +} + diff --git a/xhtml1-20020801/acks.html b/xhtml1-20020801/acks.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000..6cdf705 --- /dev/null +++ b/xhtml1-20020801/acks.html @@ -0,0 +1,77 @@ + + + + + +XHTML 1.0 - Acknowledgements + + + + +
[previous]   [next]   [table of contents] + +
+
+ +

D. Acknowledgements

+ +

This appendix is informative.

+ +

This specification was written with the participation of the members of the W3C HTML Working Group.

+ +

At publication of the second edition, the membership was:

+ +
+
Steven Pemberton, CWI/W3C (HTML Working Group Chair)
+Daniel Austin, Grainger
+Jonny Axelsson, Opera Software
+Tantek Çelik, Microsoft
+Doug Dominiak, Openwave Systems
+Herman Elenbaas, Philips Electronics
+Beth Epperson, Netscape/AOL
+Masayasu Ishikawa, W3C (HTML Activity Lead)
+Shin'ichi Matsui, Panasonic
+Shane McCarron, Applied Testing and Technology
+Ann Navarro, WebGeek, Inc.
+Subramanian Peruvemba, Oracle
+Rob Relyea, Microsoft
+Sebastian Schnitzenbaumer, SAP
+Peter Stark, Sony Ericsson
+
+
+ +

At publication of the first edition, the membership was:

+ +
+
Steven Pemberton, CWI (HTML Working Group Chair)
+Murray Altheim, Sun Microsystems
+Daniel Austin, AskJeeves (CNET: The Computer Network through July 1999)
+Frank Boumphrey, HTML Writers Guild
+John Burger, Mitre
+Andrew W. Donoho, IBM
+Sam Dooley, IBM
+Klaus Hofrichter, GMD
+Philipp Hoschka, W3C
+Masayasu Ishikawa, W3C
+Warner ten Kate, Philips Electronics
+Peter King, Phone.com
+Paula Klante, JetForm
+Shin'ichi Matsui, Panasonic (W3C visiting engineer through September 1999)
+Shane McCarron, Applied Testing and Technology (The Open Group through August 1999)
+Ann Navarro, HTML Writers Guild
+Zach Nies, Quark
+Dave Raggett, W3C/HP (HTML Activity Lead)
+Patrick Schmitz, Microsoft
+Sebastian Schnitzenbaumer, Stack Overflow
+Peter Stark, Phone.com
+Chris Wilson, Microsoft
+Ted Wugofski, Gateway 2000
+Dan Zigmond, WebTV Networks
+
+ +
+
[previous]   [next]   [table of contents]
+ + + diff --git a/xhtml1-20020801/definitions.html b/xhtml1-20020801/definitions.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000..93dcfba --- /dev/null +++ b/xhtml1-20020801/definitions.html @@ -0,0 +1,134 @@ + + + + + +XHTML 1.0 - Definitions + + + + +
[previous]   [next]   [table of contents] + +
+
+ +

2. Definitions

+ +
+

Contents

+ + +
+ +

This section is normative.

+ +

2.1. Terminology

+ +

The following terms are used in this specification. These terms extend the definitions in [RFC2119] in ways based upon similar definitions in +ISO/IEC 9945-1:1990 [POSIX.1]:

+ +
+
May
+ +
With respect to implementations, the word "may" is to be interpreted as an optional feature that is not required in this specification but can be provided. With respect to Document Conformance, the word "may" means that the optional feature must not be used. The term "optional" has the same definition as "may".
+ +
Must
+ +
In this specification, the word "must" is to be interpreted as a mandatory requirement on the implementation or on Strictly Conforming XHTML Documents, depending upon the context. The term +"shall" has the same definition as "must".
+ +
Optional
+ +
See "May".
+ +
Reserved
+ +
A value or behavior is unspecified, but it is not allowed to be used by Conforming Documents nor to be supported by Conforming User Agents.
+ +
Shall
+ +
See "Must".
+ +
Should
+ +
With respect to implementations, the word "should" is to be interpreted as an implementation recommendation, but not a requirement. With respect to documents, the word "should" is to be +interpreted as recommended programming practice for documents and a requirement for Strictly Conforming XHTML Documents.
+ +
Supported
+ +
Certain facilities in this specification are optional. If a facility is supported, it behaves as specified by this specification.
+ +
Unspecified
+ +
When a value or behavior is unspecified, the specification defines no portability requirements for a facility on an implementation even when faced with a document that uses the facility. A +document that requires specific behavior in such an instance, rather than tolerating any behavior when using that facility, is not a Strictly Conforming XHTML Document.
+
+ +

2.2. General Terms

+ +
+
Attribute
+ +
An attribute is a parameter to an element declared in the DTD. An attribute's type and value range, including a possible default value, are defined in the DTD.
+ +
DTD
+ +
A DTD, or document type definition, is a collection of XML markup declarations that, as a collection, defines the legal structure, elements, and +attributes that are available for use in a document that complies to the DTD.
+ +
Document
+ +
A document is a stream of data that, after being combined with any other streams it references, is structured such that it holds information contained within elements +that are organized as defined in the associated DTD. See Document Conformance for more information.
+ +
Element
+ +
An element is a document structuring unit declared in the DTD. The element's content model is defined in the DTD, and additional semantics may +be defined in the prose description of the element.
+ +
Facilities
+ +
Facilities are elements, attributes, and the semantics associated with those elements and +attributes.
+ +
Implementation
+ +
See User Agent.
+ +
Parsing
+ +
Parsing is the act whereby a document is scanned, and the information contained within the document is filtered into the context of the elements in which the information is structured.
+ +
Rendering
+ +
Rendering is the act whereby the information in a document is presented. This presentation is done in the form most appropriate to the environment (e.g. aurally, +visually, in print).
+ +
User Agent
+ +
A user agent is a system that processes XHTML documents in accordance with this specification. See User Agent Conformance for more information.
+ +
Validation
+ +
Validation is a process whereby documents are verified against the associated DTD, ensuring that the structure, use of +elements, and use of attributes are consistent with the definitions in the DTD.
+ +
Well-formed
+ +
A document is well-formed when it is structured according to the rules defined in Section 2.1 of the XML 1.0 +Recommendation [XML].
+
+ +
+
[previous]   [next]   [table of contents]
+ + + diff --git a/xhtml1-20020801/diffs.html b/xhtml1-20020801/diffs.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000..c65627d --- /dev/null +++ b/xhtml1-20020801/diffs.html @@ -0,0 +1,211 @@ + + + + + +XHTML 1.0 - Differences with HTML 4 + + + + +
[previous]   [next]   [table of contents] + +
+
+ +

4. Differences with HTML 4

+ +
+

Contents

+ + +
+ +

This section is informative.

+ +

Due to the fact that XHTML is an XML application, certain practices that were perfectly legal in SGML-based HTML 4 [HTML4] must be +changed.

+ +

4.1. Documents must be well-formed

+ +

Well-formedness is a new concept introduced by [XML]. Essentially this means that all elements must +either have closing tags or be written in a special form (as described below), and that all the elements must nest properly.

+ +

Although overlapping is illegal in SGML, it is widely tolerated in existing browsers.

+ +

CORRECT: nested elements.

+ +
+

<p>here is an emphasized <em>paragraph</em>.</p>

+
+ +

INCORRECT: overlapping elements

+ +
+

<p>here is an emphasized <em>paragraph.</p></em>

+
+ +

4.2. Element and attribute names must be in lower case

+ +

XHTML documents must use lower case for all HTML element and attribute names. This difference is necessary because XML is case-sensitive e.g. <li> and <LI> are different tags.

+ +

4.3. For non-empty elements, end tags are required

+ +

In SGML-based HTML 4 certain elements were permitted to omit the end tag; with the elements that followed implying closure. XML does not allow end tags to be omitted. All elements other than those +declared in the DTD as EMPTY must have an end tag. Elements that are declared in the DTD as EMPTY can have an end tag or can use empty element shorthand (see Empty Elements).

+ +

CORRECT: terminated elements

+ +
+

<p>here is a paragraph.</p><p>here is another paragraph.</p>

+
+ +

INCORRECT: unterminated elements

+ +
+

<p>here is a paragraph.<p>here is another paragraph.

+
+ +

4.4. Attribute values must always be quoted

+ +

All attribute values must be quoted, even those which appear to be numeric.

+ +

CORRECT: quoted attribute values

+ +
+

<td rowspan="3">

+
+ +

INCORRECT: unquoted attribute values

+ +
+

<td rowspan=3>

+
+ +

4.5. Attribute Minimization

+ +

XML does not support attribute minimization. Attribute-value pairs must be written in full. Attribute names such as compact and checked cannot occur in elements without +their value being specified.

+ +

CORRECT: unminimized attributes

+ +
+

<dl compact="compact">

+
+ +

INCORRECT: minimized attributes

+ +
+

<dl compact>

+
+ +

4.6. Empty Elements

+ +

Empty elements must either have an end tag or the start tag must end with />. For instance, <br/> or <hr></hr>. See HTML Compatibility Guidelines for information on ways to ensure this is backward compatible with HTML 4 user agents.

+ +

CORRECT: terminated empty elements

+ +
+

<br/><hr/>

+
+ +

INCORRECT: unterminated empty elements

+ +
+

<br><hr>

+
+ +

4.7. White Space handling in attribute values

+ +

When user agents process attributes, they do so according to Section 3.3.3 of [XML]:

+ + + +

4.8. Script and Style elements

+ +

In XHTML, the script and style elements are declared as having #PCDATA content. As a result, < and & will be treated as the start of markup, and +entities such as &lt; and &amp; will be recognized as entity references by the XML processor to < and & respectively. Wrapping the +content of the script or style element within a CDATA marked section avoids the expansion of these entities.

+ +
+
+<script type="text/javascript">
+<![CDATA[
+... unescaped script content ...
+]]>
+</script>
+
+
+ +

CDATA sections are recognized by the XML processor and appear as nodes in the Document Object Model, see Section 1.3 of the DOM Level 1 Recommendation [DOM].

+ +

An alternative is to use external script and style documents.

+ +

4.9. SGML exclusions

+ +

SGML gives the writer of a DTD the ability to exclude specific elements from being contained within an element. Such prohibitions (called "exclusions") are not possible in XML.

+ +

For example, the HTML 4 Strict DTD forbids the nesting of an 'a' element within another 'a' element to any descendant depth. It is not possible to spell out such +prohibitions in XML. Even though these prohibitions cannot be defined in the DTD, certain elements should not be nested. A summary of such elements and the elements that should not be nested in them +is found in the normative Element Prohibitions.

+ +

4.10. The elements with 'id' and 'name' attributes

+ +

HTML 4 defined the name attribute for the elements a, applet, form, frame, iframe, img, and +map. HTML 4 also introduced the id attribute. Both of these attributes are designed to be used as fragment identifiers.

+ +

In XML, fragment identifiers are of type ID, and there can only be a single attribute of type ID per element. Therefore, in XHTML 1.0 the id attribute is +defined to be of type ID. In order to ensure that XHTML 1.0 documents are well-structured XML documents, XHTML 1.0 documents MUST use the id attribute when defining fragment +identifiers on the elements listed above. See the HTML Compatibility Guidelines for information on ensuring such anchors are backward compatible when serving +XHTML documents as media type text/html.

+ +

Note that in XHTML 1.0, the name attribute of these elements is formally deprecated, and will be removed in a subsequent version of XHTML.

+ +

4.11. Attributes with pre-defined value sets

+ +

HTML 4 and XHTML both have some attributes that have pre-defined and limited sets of values (e.g. the type attribute of the input element). In SGML and XML, these are +called enumerated attributes. Under HTML 4, the interpretation of these values was case-insensitive, so a value of TEXT was equivalent to a value of text. +Under XML, the interpretation of these values is case-sensitive, and in XHTML 1 all of these values are defined in lower-case.

+ +

4.12. Entity references as hex values

+ +

SGML and XML both permit references to characters by using hexadecimal values. In SGML these references could be made using either &#Xnn; or &#xnn;. In XML documents, you must use the +lower-case version (i.e. &#xnn;)

+ +
+
[previous]   [next]   [table of contents]
+ + + diff --git a/xhtml1-20020801/dtds.html b/xhtml1-20020801/dtds.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000..32a8c75 --- /dev/null +++ b/xhtml1-20020801/dtds.html @@ -0,0 +1,4193 @@ + + + + + +XHTML 1.0 - DTDs + + + + +
[previous]   [next]   [table of contents] + +
+
+ +

A. DTDs

+ +
+

Contents

+ + +
+ +

This appendix is normative.

+ +

These DTDs and entity sets form a normative part of this specification. The complete set of DTD files together with an XML declaration and SGML Open Catalog is included in the zip file and the gzip'd tar file for this specification. Users looking for local copies of the DTDs to work with should download and use those archives +rather than using the specific DTDs referenced below.

+ +

A.1. Document Type Definitions

+ +

These DTDs approximate the HTML 4 DTDs. The W3C recommends that you use the authoritative versions of these DTDs at their defined SYSTEM identifiers when validating content. If you need to use +these DTDs locally you should download one of the archives of this version. For completeness, the normative versions of the DTDs are included here:

+ +

A.1.1. XHTML-1.0-Strict

+ +

The file DTD/xhtml1-strict.dtd is a normative part of this specification. Its annotated contents are included here for completeness.

+ + +
+<!--
+   Extensible HTML version 1.0 Strict DTD
+
+   This is the same as HTML 4 Strict except for
+   changes due to the differences between XML and SGML.
+
+   Namespace = http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml
+
+   For further information, see: http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1
+
+   Copyright (c) 1998-2002 W3C (MIT, INRIA, Keio),
+   All Rights Reserved. 
+
+   This DTD module is identified by the PUBLIC and SYSTEM identifiers:
+
+   PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Strict//EN"
+   SYSTEM "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-strict.dtd"
+
+   $Revision: 1.24 $
+   $Date: 2002/07/31 19:34:51 $
+
+-->
+
+<!--================ Character mnemonic entities =========================-->
+
+<!ENTITY % HTMLlat1 PUBLIC
+   "-//W3C//ENTITIES Latin 1 for XHTML//EN"
+   "xhtml-lat1.ent">
+%HTMLlat1;
+
+<!ENTITY % HTMLsymbol PUBLIC
+   "-//W3C//ENTITIES Symbols for XHTML//EN"
+   "xhtml-symbol.ent">
+%HTMLsymbol;
+
+<!ENTITY % HTMLspecial PUBLIC
+   "-//W3C//ENTITIES Special for XHTML//EN"
+   "xhtml-special.ent">
+%HTMLspecial;
+
+<!--================== Imported Names ====================================-->
+
+<!ENTITY % ContentType "CDATA">
+    <!-- media type, as per [RFC2045] -->
+
+<!ENTITY % ContentTypes "CDATA">
+    <!-- comma-separated list of media types, as per [RFC2045] -->
+
+<!ENTITY % Charset "CDATA">
+    <!-- a character encoding, as per [RFC2045] -->
+
+<!ENTITY % Charsets "CDATA">
+    <!-- a space separated list of character encodings, as per [RFC2045] -->
+
+<!ENTITY % LanguageCode "NMTOKEN">
+    <!-- a language code, as per [RFC3066] -->
+
+<!ENTITY % Character "CDATA">
+    <!-- a single character, as per section 2.2 of [XML] -->
+
+<!ENTITY % Number "CDATA">
+    <!-- one or more digits -->
+
+<!ENTITY % LinkTypes "CDATA">
+    <!-- space-separated list of link types -->
+
+<!ENTITY % MediaDesc "CDATA">
+    <!-- single or comma-separated list of media descriptors -->
+
+<!ENTITY % URI "CDATA">
+    <!-- a Uniform Resource Identifier, see [RFC2396] -->
+
+<!ENTITY % UriList "CDATA">
+    <!-- a space separated list of Uniform Resource Identifiers -->
+
+<!ENTITY % Datetime "CDATA">
+    <!-- date and time information. ISO date format -->
+
+<!ENTITY % Script "CDATA">
+    <!-- script expression -->
+
+<!ENTITY % StyleSheet "CDATA">
+    <!-- style sheet data -->
+
+<!ENTITY % Text "CDATA">
+    <!-- used for titles etc. -->
+
+<!ENTITY % Length "CDATA">
+    <!-- nn for pixels or nn% for percentage length -->
+
+<!ENTITY % MultiLength "CDATA">
+    <!-- pixel, percentage, or relative -->
+
+<!ENTITY % Pixels "CDATA">
+    <!-- integer representing length in pixels -->
+
+<!-- these are used for image maps -->
+
+<!ENTITY % Shape "(rect|circle|poly|default)">
+
+<!ENTITY % Coords "CDATA">
+    <!-- comma separated list of lengths -->
+
+<!--=================== Generic Attributes ===============================-->
+
+<!-- core attributes common to most elements
+  id       document-wide unique id
+  class    space separated list of classes
+  style    associated style info
+  title    advisory title/amplification
+-->
+<!ENTITY % coreattrs
+ "id          ID             #IMPLIED
+  class       CDATA          #IMPLIED
+  style       %StyleSheet;   #IMPLIED
+  title       %Text;         #IMPLIED"
+  >
+
+<!-- internationalization attributes
+  lang        language code (backwards compatible)
+  xml:lang    language code (as per XML 1.0 spec)
+  dir         direction for weak/neutral text
+-->
+<!ENTITY % i18n
+ "lang        %LanguageCode; #IMPLIED
+  xml:lang    %LanguageCode; #IMPLIED
+  dir         (ltr|rtl)      #IMPLIED"
+  >
+
+<!-- attributes for common UI events
+  onclick     a pointer button was clicked
+  ondblclick  a pointer button was double clicked
+  onmousedown a pointer button was pressed down
+  onmouseup   a pointer button was released
+  onmousemove a pointer was moved onto the element
+  onmouseout  a pointer was moved away from the element
+  onkeypress  a key was pressed and released
+  onkeydown   a key was pressed down
+  onkeyup     a key was released
+-->
+<!ENTITY % events
+ "onclick     %Script;       #IMPLIED
+  ondblclick  %Script;       #IMPLIED
+  onmousedown %Script;       #IMPLIED
+  onmouseup   %Script;       #IMPLIED
+  onmouseover %Script;       #IMPLIED
+  onmousemove %Script;       #IMPLIED
+  onmouseout  %Script;       #IMPLIED
+  onkeypress  %Script;       #IMPLIED
+  onkeydown   %Script;       #IMPLIED
+  onkeyup     %Script;       #IMPLIED"
+  >
+
+<!-- attributes for elements that can get the focus
+  accesskey   accessibility key character
+  tabindex    position in tabbing order
+  onfocus     the element got the focus
+  onblur      the element lost the focus
+-->
+<!ENTITY % focus
+ "accesskey   %Character;    #IMPLIED
+  tabindex    %Number;       #IMPLIED
+  onfocus     %Script;       #IMPLIED
+  onblur      %Script;       #IMPLIED"
+  >
+
+<!ENTITY % attrs "%coreattrs; %i18n; %events;">
+
+<!--=================== Text Elements ====================================-->
+
+<!ENTITY % special.pre
+   "br | span | bdo | map">
+
+
+<!ENTITY % special
+   "%special.pre; | object | img ">
+
+<!ENTITY % fontstyle "tt | i | b | big | small ">
+
+<!ENTITY % phrase "em | strong | dfn | code | q |
+                   samp | kbd | var | cite | abbr | acronym | sub | sup ">
+
+<!ENTITY % inline.forms "input | select | textarea | label | button">
+
+<!-- these can occur at block or inline level -->
+<!ENTITY % misc.inline "ins | del | script">
+
+<!-- these can only occur at block level -->
+<!ENTITY % misc "noscript | %misc.inline;">
+
+<!ENTITY % inline "a | %special; | %fontstyle; | %phrase; | %inline.forms;">
+
+<!-- %Inline; covers inline or "text-level" elements -->
+<!ENTITY % Inline "(#PCDATA | %inline; | %misc.inline;)*">
+
+<!--================== Block level elements ==============================-->
+
+<!ENTITY % heading "h1|h2|h3|h4|h5|h6">
+<!ENTITY % lists "ul | ol | dl">
+<!ENTITY % blocktext "pre | hr | blockquote | address">
+
+<!ENTITY % block
+     "p | %heading; | div | %lists; | %blocktext; | fieldset | table">
+
+<!ENTITY % Block "(%block; | form | %misc;)*">
+
+<!-- %Flow; mixes block and inline and is used for list items etc. -->
+<!ENTITY % Flow "(#PCDATA | %block; | form | %inline; | %misc;)*">
+
+<!--================== Content models for exclusions =====================-->
+
+<!-- a elements use %Inline; excluding a -->
+
+<!ENTITY % a.content
+   "(#PCDATA | %special; | %fontstyle; | %phrase; | %inline.forms; | %misc.inline;)*">
+
+<!-- pre uses %Inline excluding big, small, sup or sup -->
+
+<!ENTITY % pre.content
+   "(#PCDATA | a | %fontstyle; | %phrase; | %special.pre; | %misc.inline;
+      | %inline.forms;)*">
+
+<!-- form uses %Block; excluding form -->
+
+<!ENTITY % form.content "(%block; | %misc;)*">
+
+<!-- button uses %Flow; but excludes a, form and form controls -->
+
+<!ENTITY % button.content
+   "(#PCDATA | p | %heading; | div | %lists; | %blocktext; |
+    table | %special; | %fontstyle; | %phrase; | %misc;)*">
+
+<!--================ Document Structure ==================================-->
+
+<!-- the namespace URI designates the document profile -->
+
+<!ELEMENT html (head, body)>
+<!ATTLIST html
+  %i18n;
+  id          ID             #IMPLIED
+  xmlns       %URI;          #FIXED 'http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml'
+  >
+
+<!--================ Document Head =======================================-->
+
+<!ENTITY % head.misc "(script|style|meta|link|object)*">
+
+<!-- content model is %head.misc; combined with a single
+     title and an optional base element in any order -->
+
+<!ELEMENT head (%head.misc;,
+     ((title, %head.misc;, (base, %head.misc;)?) |
+      (base, %head.misc;, (title, %head.misc;))))>
+
+<!ATTLIST head
+  %i18n;
+  id          ID             #IMPLIED
+  profile     %URI;          #IMPLIED
+  >
+
+<!-- The title element is not considered part of the flow of text.
+       It should be displayed, for example as the page header or
+       window title. Exactly one title is required per document.
+    -->
+<!ELEMENT title (#PCDATA)>
+<!ATTLIST title 
+  %i18n;
+  id          ID             #IMPLIED
+  >
+
+<!-- document base URI -->
+
+<!ELEMENT base EMPTY>
+<!ATTLIST base
+  href        %URI;          #REQUIRED
+  id          ID             #IMPLIED
+  >
+
+<!-- generic metainformation -->
+<!ELEMENT meta EMPTY>
+<!ATTLIST meta
+  %i18n;
+  id          ID             #IMPLIED
+  http-equiv  CDATA          #IMPLIED
+  name        CDATA          #IMPLIED
+  content     CDATA          #REQUIRED
+  scheme      CDATA          #IMPLIED
+  >
+
+<!--
+  Relationship values can be used in principle:
+
+   a) for document specific toolbars/menus when used
+      with the link element in document head e.g.
+        start, contents, previous, next, index, end, help
+   b) to link to a separate style sheet (rel="stylesheet")
+   c) to make a link to a script (rel="script")
+   d) by stylesheets to control how collections of
+      html nodes are rendered into printed documents
+   e) to make a link to a printable version of this document
+      e.g. a PostScript or PDF version (rel="alternate" media="print")
+-->
+
+<!ELEMENT link EMPTY>
+<!ATTLIST link
+  %attrs;
+  charset     %Charset;      #IMPLIED
+  href        %URI;          #IMPLIED
+  hreflang    %LanguageCode; #IMPLIED
+  type        %ContentType;  #IMPLIED
+  rel         %LinkTypes;    #IMPLIED
+  rev         %LinkTypes;    #IMPLIED
+  media       %MediaDesc;    #IMPLIED
+  >
+
+<!-- style info, which may include CDATA sections -->
+<!ELEMENT style (#PCDATA)>
+<!ATTLIST style
+  %i18n;
+  id          ID             #IMPLIED
+  type        %ContentType;  #REQUIRED
+  media       %MediaDesc;    #IMPLIED
+  title       %Text;         #IMPLIED
+  xml:space   (preserve)     #FIXED 'preserve'
+  >
+
+<!-- script statements, which may include CDATA sections -->
+<!ELEMENT script (#PCDATA)>
+<!ATTLIST script
+  id          ID             #IMPLIED
+  charset     %Charset;      #IMPLIED
+  type        %ContentType;  #REQUIRED
+  src         %URI;          #IMPLIED
+  defer       (defer)        #IMPLIED
+  xml:space   (preserve)     #FIXED 'preserve'
+  >
+
+<!-- alternate content container for non script-based rendering -->
+
+<!ELEMENT noscript %Block;>
+<!ATTLIST noscript
+  %attrs;
+  >
+
+<!--=================== Document Body ====================================-->
+
+<!ELEMENT body %Block;>
+<!ATTLIST body
+  %attrs;
+  onload          %Script;   #IMPLIED
+  onunload        %Script;   #IMPLIED
+  >
+
+<!ELEMENT div %Flow;>  <!-- generic language/style container -->
+<!ATTLIST div
+  %attrs;
+  >
+
+<!--=================== Paragraphs =======================================-->
+
+<!ELEMENT p %Inline;>
+<!ATTLIST p
+  %attrs;
+  >
+
+<!--=================== Headings =========================================-->
+
+<!--
+  There are six levels of headings from h1 (the most important)
+  to h6 (the least important).
+-->
+
+<!ELEMENT h1  %Inline;>
+<!ATTLIST h1
+   %attrs;
+   >
+
+<!ELEMENT h2 %Inline;>
+<!ATTLIST h2
+   %attrs;
+   >
+
+<!ELEMENT h3 %Inline;>
+<!ATTLIST h3
+   %attrs;
+   >
+
+<!ELEMENT h4 %Inline;>
+<!ATTLIST h4
+   %attrs;
+   >
+
+<!ELEMENT h5 %Inline;>
+<!ATTLIST h5
+   %attrs;
+   >
+
+<!ELEMENT h6 %Inline;>
+<!ATTLIST h6
+   %attrs;
+   >
+
+<!--=================== Lists ============================================-->
+
+<!-- Unordered list -->
+
+<!ELEMENT ul (li)+>
+<!ATTLIST ul
+  %attrs;
+  >
+
+<!-- Ordered (numbered) list -->
+
+<!ELEMENT ol (li)+>
+<!ATTLIST ol
+  %attrs;
+  >
+
+<!-- list item -->
+
+<!ELEMENT li %Flow;>
+<!ATTLIST li
+  %attrs;
+  >
+
+<!-- definition lists - dt for term, dd for its definition -->
+
+<!ELEMENT dl (dt|dd)+>
+<!ATTLIST dl
+  %attrs;
+  >
+
+<!ELEMENT dt %Inline;>
+<!ATTLIST dt
+  %attrs;
+  >
+
+<!ELEMENT dd %Flow;>
+<!ATTLIST dd
+  %attrs;
+  >
+
+<!--=================== Address ==========================================-->
+
+<!-- information on author -->
+
+<!ELEMENT address %Inline;>
+<!ATTLIST address
+  %attrs;
+  >
+
+<!--=================== Horizontal Rule ==================================-->
+
+<!ELEMENT hr EMPTY>
+<!ATTLIST hr
+  %attrs;
+  >
+
+<!--=================== Preformatted Text ================================-->
+
+<!-- content is %Inline; excluding "img|object|big|small|sub|sup" -->
+
+<!ELEMENT pre %pre.content;>
+<!ATTLIST pre
+  %attrs;
+  xml:space (preserve) #FIXED 'preserve'
+  >
+
+<!--=================== Block-like Quotes ================================-->
+
+<!ELEMENT blockquote %Block;>
+<!ATTLIST blockquote
+  %attrs;
+  cite        %URI;          #IMPLIED
+  >
+
+<!--=================== Inserted/Deleted Text ============================-->
+
+<!--
+  ins/del are allowed in block and inline content, but its
+  inappropriate to include block content within an ins element
+  occurring in inline content.
+-->
+<!ELEMENT ins %Flow;>
+<!ATTLIST ins
+  %attrs;
+  cite        %URI;          #IMPLIED
+  datetime    %Datetime;     #IMPLIED
+  >
+
+<!ELEMENT del %Flow;>
+<!ATTLIST del
+  %attrs;
+  cite        %URI;          #IMPLIED
+  datetime    %Datetime;     #IMPLIED
+  >
+
+<!--================== The Anchor Element ================================-->
+
+<!-- content is %Inline; except that anchors shouldn't be nested -->
+
+<!ELEMENT a %a.content;>
+<!ATTLIST a
+  %attrs;
+  %focus;
+  charset     %Charset;      #IMPLIED
+  type        %ContentType;  #IMPLIED
+  name        NMTOKEN        #IMPLIED
+  href        %URI;          #IMPLIED
+  hreflang    %LanguageCode; #IMPLIED
+  rel         %LinkTypes;    #IMPLIED
+  rev         %LinkTypes;    #IMPLIED
+  shape       %Shape;        "rect"
+  coords      %Coords;       #IMPLIED
+  >
+
+<!--===================== Inline Elements ================================-->
+
+<!ELEMENT span %Inline;> <!-- generic language/style container -->
+<!ATTLIST span
+  %attrs;
+  >
+
+<!ELEMENT bdo %Inline;>  <!-- I18N BiDi over-ride -->
+<!ATTLIST bdo
+  %coreattrs;
+  %events;
+  lang        %LanguageCode; #IMPLIED
+  xml:lang    %LanguageCode; #IMPLIED
+  dir         (ltr|rtl)      #REQUIRED
+  >
+
+<!ELEMENT br EMPTY>   <!-- forced line break -->
+<!ATTLIST br
+  %coreattrs;
+  >
+
+<!ELEMENT em %Inline;>   <!-- emphasis -->
+<!ATTLIST em %attrs;>
+
+<!ELEMENT strong %Inline;>   <!-- strong emphasis -->
+<!ATTLIST strong %attrs;>
+
+<!ELEMENT dfn %Inline;>   <!-- definitional -->
+<!ATTLIST dfn %attrs;>
+
+<!ELEMENT code %Inline;>   <!-- program code -->
+<!ATTLIST code %attrs;>
+
+<!ELEMENT samp %Inline;>   <!-- sample -->
+<!ATTLIST samp %attrs;>
+
+<!ELEMENT kbd %Inline;>  <!-- something user would type -->
+<!ATTLIST kbd %attrs;>
+
+<!ELEMENT var %Inline;>   <!-- variable -->
+<!ATTLIST var %attrs;>
+
+<!ELEMENT cite %Inline;>   <!-- citation -->
+<!ATTLIST cite %attrs;>
+
+<!ELEMENT abbr %Inline;>   <!-- abbreviation -->
+<!ATTLIST abbr %attrs;>
+
+<!ELEMENT acronym %Inline;>   <!-- acronym -->
+<!ATTLIST acronym %attrs;>
+
+<!ELEMENT q %Inline;>   <!-- inlined quote -->
+<!ATTLIST q
+  %attrs;
+  cite        %URI;          #IMPLIED
+  >
+
+<!ELEMENT sub %Inline;> <!-- subscript -->
+<!ATTLIST sub %attrs;>
+
+<!ELEMENT sup %Inline;> <!-- superscript -->
+<!ATTLIST sup %attrs;>
+
+<!ELEMENT tt %Inline;>   <!-- fixed pitch font -->
+<!ATTLIST tt %attrs;>
+
+<!ELEMENT i %Inline;>   <!-- italic font -->
+<!ATTLIST i %attrs;>
+
+<!ELEMENT b %Inline;>   <!-- bold font -->
+<!ATTLIST b %attrs;>
+
+<!ELEMENT big %Inline;>   <!-- bigger font -->
+<!ATTLIST big %attrs;>
+
+<!ELEMENT small %Inline;>   <!-- smaller font -->
+<!ATTLIST small %attrs;>
+
+<!--==================== Object ======================================-->
+<!--
+  object is used to embed objects as part of HTML pages.
+  param elements should precede other content. Parameters
+  can also be expressed as attribute/value pairs on the
+  object element itself when brevity is desired.
+-->
+
+<!ELEMENT object (#PCDATA | param | %block; | form | %inline; | %misc;)*>
+<!ATTLIST object
+  %attrs;
+  declare     (declare)      #IMPLIED
+  classid     %URI;          #IMPLIED
+  codebase    %URI;          #IMPLIED
+  data        %URI;          #IMPLIED
+  type        %ContentType;  #IMPLIED
+  codetype    %ContentType;  #IMPLIED
+  archive     %UriList;      #IMPLIED
+  standby     %Text;         #IMPLIED
+  height      %Length;       #IMPLIED
+  width       %Length;       #IMPLIED
+  usemap      %URI;          #IMPLIED
+  name        NMTOKEN        #IMPLIED
+  tabindex    %Number;       #IMPLIED
+  >
+
+<!--
+  param is used to supply a named property value.
+  In XML it would seem natural to follow RDF and support an
+  abbreviated syntax where the param elements are replaced
+  by attribute value pairs on the object start tag.
+-->
+<!ELEMENT param EMPTY>
+<!ATTLIST param
+  id          ID             #IMPLIED
+  name        CDATA          #IMPLIED
+  value       CDATA          #IMPLIED
+  valuetype   (data|ref|object) "data"
+  type        %ContentType;  #IMPLIED
+  >
+
+<!--=================== Images ===========================================-->
+
+<!--
+   To avoid accessibility problems for people who aren't
+   able to see the image, you should provide a text
+   description using the alt and longdesc attributes.
+   In addition, avoid the use of server-side image maps.
+   Note that in this DTD there is no name attribute. That
+   is only available in the transitional and frameset DTD.
+-->
+
+<!ELEMENT img EMPTY>
+<!ATTLIST img
+  %attrs;
+  src         %URI;          #REQUIRED
+  alt         %Text;         #REQUIRED
+  longdesc    %URI;          #IMPLIED
+  height      %Length;       #IMPLIED
+  width       %Length;       #IMPLIED
+  usemap      %URI;          #IMPLIED
+  ismap       (ismap)        #IMPLIED
+  >
+
+<!-- usemap points to a map element which may be in this document
+  or an external document, although the latter is not widely supported -->
+
+<!--================== Client-side image maps ============================-->
+
+<!-- These can be placed in the same document or grouped in a
+     separate document although this isn't yet widely supported -->
+
+<!ELEMENT map ((%block; | form | %misc;)+ | area+)>
+<!ATTLIST map
+  %i18n;
+  %events;
+  id          ID             #REQUIRED
+  class       CDATA          #IMPLIED
+  style       %StyleSheet;   #IMPLIED
+  title       %Text;         #IMPLIED
+  name        NMTOKEN        #IMPLIED
+  >
+
+<!ELEMENT area EMPTY>
+<!ATTLIST area
+  %attrs;
+  %focus;
+  shape       %Shape;        "rect"
+  coords      %Coords;       #IMPLIED
+  href        %URI;          #IMPLIED
+  nohref      (nohref)       #IMPLIED
+  alt         %Text;         #REQUIRED
+  >
+
+<!--================ Forms ===============================================-->
+<!ELEMENT form %form.content;>   <!-- forms shouldn't be nested -->
+
+<!ATTLIST form
+  %attrs;
+  action      %URI;          #REQUIRED
+  method      (get|post)     "get"
+  enctype     %ContentType;  "application/x-www-form-urlencoded"
+  onsubmit    %Script;       #IMPLIED
+  onreset     %Script;       #IMPLIED
+  accept      %ContentTypes; #IMPLIED
+  accept-charset %Charsets;  #IMPLIED
+  >
+
+<!--
+  Each label must not contain more than ONE field
+  Label elements shouldn't be nested.
+-->
+<!ELEMENT label %Inline;>
+<!ATTLIST label
+  %attrs;
+  for         IDREF          #IMPLIED
+  accesskey   %Character;    #IMPLIED
+  onfocus     %Script;       #IMPLIED
+  onblur      %Script;       #IMPLIED
+  >
+
+<!ENTITY % InputType
+  "(text | password | checkbox |
+    radio | submit | reset |
+    file | hidden | image | button)"
+   >
+
+<!-- the name attribute is required for all but submit & reset -->
+
+<!ELEMENT input EMPTY>     <!-- form control -->
+<!ATTLIST input
+  %attrs;
+  %focus;
+  type        %InputType;    "text"
+  name        CDATA          #IMPLIED
+  value       CDATA          #IMPLIED
+  checked     (checked)      #IMPLIED
+  disabled    (disabled)     #IMPLIED
+  readonly    (readonly)     #IMPLIED
+  size        CDATA          #IMPLIED
+  maxlength   %Number;       #IMPLIED
+  src         %URI;          #IMPLIED
+  alt         CDATA          #IMPLIED
+  usemap      %URI;          #IMPLIED
+  onselect    %Script;       #IMPLIED
+  onchange    %Script;       #IMPLIED
+  accept      %ContentTypes; #IMPLIED
+  >
+
+<!ELEMENT select (optgroup|option)+>  <!-- option selector -->
+<!ATTLIST select
+  %attrs;
+  name        CDATA          #IMPLIED
+  size        %Number;       #IMPLIED
+  multiple    (multiple)     #IMPLIED
+  disabled    (disabled)     #IMPLIED
+  tabindex    %Number;       #IMPLIED
+  onfocus     %Script;       #IMPLIED
+  onblur      %Script;       #IMPLIED
+  onchange    %Script;       #IMPLIED
+  >
+
+<!ELEMENT optgroup (option)+>   <!-- option group -->
+<!ATTLIST optgroup
+  %attrs;
+  disabled    (disabled)     #IMPLIED
+  label       %Text;         #REQUIRED
+  >
+
+<!ELEMENT option (#PCDATA)>     <!-- selectable choice -->
+<!ATTLIST option
+  %attrs;
+  selected    (selected)     #IMPLIED
+  disabled    (disabled)     #IMPLIED
+  label       %Text;         #IMPLIED
+  value       CDATA          #IMPLIED
+  >
+
+<!ELEMENT textarea (#PCDATA)>     <!-- multi-line text field -->
+<!ATTLIST textarea
+  %attrs;
+  %focus;
+  name        CDATA          #IMPLIED
+  rows        %Number;       #REQUIRED
+  cols        %Number;       #REQUIRED
+  disabled    (disabled)     #IMPLIED
+  readonly    (readonly)     #IMPLIED
+  onselect    %Script;       #IMPLIED
+  onchange    %Script;       #IMPLIED
+  >
+
+<!--
+  The fieldset element is used to group form fields.
+  Only one legend element should occur in the content
+  and if present should only be preceded by whitespace.
+-->
+<!ELEMENT fieldset (#PCDATA | legend | %block; | form | %inline; | %misc;)*>
+<!ATTLIST fieldset
+  %attrs;
+  >
+
+<!ELEMENT legend %Inline;>     <!-- fieldset label -->
+<!ATTLIST legend
+  %attrs;
+  accesskey   %Character;    #IMPLIED
+  >
+
+<!--
+ Content is %Flow; excluding a, form and form controls
+--> 
+<!ELEMENT button %button.content;>  <!-- push button -->
+<!ATTLIST button
+  %attrs;
+  %focus;
+  name        CDATA          #IMPLIED
+  value       CDATA          #IMPLIED
+  type        (button|submit|reset) "submit"
+  disabled    (disabled)     #IMPLIED
+  >
+
+<!--======================= Tables =======================================-->
+
+<!-- Derived from IETF HTML table standard, see [RFC1942] -->
+
+<!--
+ The border attribute sets the thickness of the frame around the
+ table. The default units are screen pixels.
+
+ The frame attribute specifies which parts of the frame around
+ the table should be rendered. The values are not the same as
+ CALS to avoid a name clash with the valign attribute.
+-->
+<!ENTITY % TFrame "(void|above|below|hsides|lhs|rhs|vsides|box|border)">
+
+<!--
+ The rules attribute defines which rules to draw between cells:
+
+ If rules is absent then assume:
+     "none" if border is absent or border="0" otherwise "all"
+-->
+
+<!ENTITY % TRules "(none | groups | rows | cols | all)">
+  
+<!-- horizontal alignment attributes for cell contents
+
+  char        alignment char, e.g. char=':'
+  charoff     offset for alignment char
+-->
+<!ENTITY % cellhalign
+  "align      (left|center|right|justify|char) #IMPLIED
+   char       %Character;    #IMPLIED
+   charoff    %Length;       #IMPLIED"
+  >
+
+<!-- vertical alignment attributes for cell contents -->
+<!ENTITY % cellvalign
+  "valign     (top|middle|bottom|baseline) #IMPLIED"
+  >
+
+<!ELEMENT table
+     (caption?, (col*|colgroup*), thead?, tfoot?, (tbody+|tr+))>
+<!ELEMENT caption  %Inline;>
+<!ELEMENT thead    (tr)+>
+<!ELEMENT tfoot    (tr)+>
+<!ELEMENT tbody    (tr)+>
+<!ELEMENT colgroup (col)*>
+<!ELEMENT col      EMPTY>
+<!ELEMENT tr       (th|td)+>
+<!ELEMENT th       %Flow;>
+<!ELEMENT td       %Flow;>
+
+<!ATTLIST table
+  %attrs;
+  summary     %Text;         #IMPLIED
+  width       %Length;       #IMPLIED
+  border      %Pixels;       #IMPLIED
+  frame       %TFrame;       #IMPLIED
+  rules       %TRules;       #IMPLIED
+  cellspacing %Length;       #IMPLIED
+  cellpadding %Length;       #IMPLIED
+  >
+
+<!ATTLIST caption
+  %attrs;
+  >
+
+<!--
+colgroup groups a set of col elements. It allows you to group
+several semantically related columns together.
+-->
+<!ATTLIST colgroup
+  %attrs;
+  span        %Number;       "1"
+  width       %MultiLength;  #IMPLIED
+  %cellhalign;
+  %cellvalign;
+  >
+
+<!--
+ col elements define the alignment properties for cells in
+ one or more columns.
+
+ The width attribute specifies the width of the columns, e.g.
+
+     width=64        width in screen pixels
+     width=0.5*      relative width of 0.5
+
+ The span attribute causes the attributes of one
+ col element to apply to more than one column.
+-->
+<!ATTLIST col
+  %attrs;
+  span        %Number;       "1"
+  width       %MultiLength;  #IMPLIED
+  %cellhalign;
+  %cellvalign;
+  >
+
+<!--
+    Use thead to duplicate headers when breaking table
+    across page boundaries, or for static headers when
+    tbody sections are rendered in scrolling panel.
+
+    Use tfoot to duplicate footers when breaking table
+    across page boundaries, or for static footers when
+    tbody sections are rendered in scrolling panel.
+
+    Use multiple tbody sections when rules are needed
+    between groups of table rows.
+-->
+<!ATTLIST thead
+  %attrs;
+  %cellhalign;
+  %cellvalign;
+  >
+
+<!ATTLIST tfoot
+  %attrs;
+  %cellhalign;
+  %cellvalign;
+  >
+
+<!ATTLIST tbody
+  %attrs;
+  %cellhalign;
+  %cellvalign;
+  >
+
+<!ATTLIST tr
+  %attrs;
+  %cellhalign;
+  %cellvalign;
+  >
+
+
+<!-- Scope is simpler than headers attribute for common tables -->
+<!ENTITY % Scope "(row|col|rowgroup|colgroup)">
+
+<!-- th is for headers, td for data and for cells acting as both -->
+
+<!ATTLIST th
+  %attrs;
+  abbr        %Text;         #IMPLIED
+  axis        CDATA          #IMPLIED
+  headers     IDREFS         #IMPLIED
+  scope       %Scope;        #IMPLIED
+  rowspan     %Number;       "1"
+  colspan     %Number;       "1"
+  %cellhalign;
+  %cellvalign;
+  >
+
+<!ATTLIST td
+  %attrs;
+  abbr        %Text;         #IMPLIED
+  axis        CDATA          #IMPLIED
+  headers     IDREFS         #IMPLIED
+  scope       %Scope;        #IMPLIED
+  rowspan     %Number;       "1"
+  colspan     %Number;       "1"
+  %cellhalign;
+  %cellvalign;
+  >
+
+
+
+ + +

A.1.2. XHTML-1.0-Transitional

+ +

The file DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd is a normative part of this specification. Its annotated contents are included here for completeness.

+ + +
+<!--
+   Extensible HTML version 1.0 Transitional DTD
+
+   This is the same as HTML 4 Transitional except for
+   changes due to the differences between XML and SGML.
+
+   Namespace = http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml
+
+   For further information, see: http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1
+
+   Copyright (c) 1998-2002 W3C (MIT, INRIA, Keio),
+   All Rights Reserved. 
+
+   This DTD module is identified by the PUBLIC and SYSTEM identifiers:
+
+   PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN"
+   SYSTEM "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd"
+
+   $Revision: 1.27 $
+   $Date: 2002/08/01 18:16:48 $
+
+-->
+
+<!--================ Character mnemonic entities =========================-->
+
+<!ENTITY % HTMLlat1 PUBLIC
+   "-//W3C//ENTITIES Latin 1 for XHTML//EN"
+   "xhtml-lat1.ent">
+%HTMLlat1;
+
+<!ENTITY % HTMLsymbol PUBLIC
+   "-//W3C//ENTITIES Symbols for XHTML//EN"
+   "xhtml-symbol.ent">
+%HTMLsymbol;
+
+<!ENTITY % HTMLspecial PUBLIC
+   "-//W3C//ENTITIES Special for XHTML//EN"
+   "xhtml-special.ent">
+%HTMLspecial;
+
+<!--================== Imported Names ====================================-->
+
+<!ENTITY % ContentType "CDATA">
+    <!-- media type, as per [RFC2045] -->
+
+<!ENTITY % ContentTypes "CDATA">
+    <!-- comma-separated list of media types, as per [RFC2045] -->
+
+<!ENTITY % Charset "CDATA">
+    <!-- a character encoding, as per [RFC2045] -->
+
+<!ENTITY % Charsets "CDATA">
+    <!-- a space separated list of character encodings, as per [RFC2045] -->
+
+<!ENTITY % LanguageCode "NMTOKEN">
+    <!-- a language code, as per [RFC3066] -->
+
+<!ENTITY % Character "CDATA">
+    <!-- a single character, as per section 2.2 of [XML] -->
+
+<!ENTITY % Number "CDATA">
+    <!-- one or more digits -->
+
+<!ENTITY % LinkTypes "CDATA">
+    <!-- space-separated list of link types -->
+
+<!ENTITY % MediaDesc "CDATA">
+    <!-- single or comma-separated list of media descriptors -->
+
+<!ENTITY % URI "CDATA">
+    <!-- a Uniform Resource Identifier, see [RFC2396] -->
+
+<!ENTITY % UriList "CDATA">
+    <!-- a space separated list of Uniform Resource Identifiers -->
+
+<!ENTITY % Datetime "CDATA">
+    <!-- date and time information. ISO date format -->
+
+<!ENTITY % Script "CDATA">
+    <!-- script expression -->
+
+<!ENTITY % StyleSheet "CDATA">
+    <!-- style sheet data -->
+
+<!ENTITY % Text "CDATA">
+    <!-- used for titles etc. -->
+
+<!ENTITY % FrameTarget "NMTOKEN">
+    <!-- render in this frame -->
+
+<!ENTITY % Length "CDATA">
+    <!-- nn for pixels or nn% for percentage length -->
+
+<!ENTITY % MultiLength "CDATA">
+    <!-- pixel, percentage, or relative -->
+
+<!ENTITY % Pixels "CDATA">
+    <!-- integer representing length in pixels -->
+
+<!-- these are used for image maps -->
+
+<!ENTITY % Shape "(rect|circle|poly|default)">
+
+<!ENTITY % Coords "CDATA">
+    <!-- comma separated list of lengths -->
+
+<!-- used for object, applet, img, input and iframe -->
+<!ENTITY % ImgAlign "(top|middle|bottom|left|right)">
+
+<!-- a color using sRGB: #RRGGBB as Hex values -->
+<!ENTITY % Color "CDATA">
+
+<!-- There are also 16 widely known color names with their sRGB values:
+
+    Black  = #000000    Green  = #008000
+    Silver = #C0C0C0    Lime   = #00FF00
+    Gray   = #808080    Olive  = #808000
+    White  = #FFFFFF    Yellow = #FFFF00
+    Maroon = #800000    Navy   = #000080
+    Red    = #FF0000    Blue   = #0000FF
+    Purple = #800080    Teal   = #008080
+    Fuchsia= #FF00FF    Aqua   = #00FFFF
+-->
+
+<!--=================== Generic Attributes ===============================-->
+
+<!-- core attributes common to most elements
+  id       document-wide unique id
+  class    space separated list of classes
+  style    associated style info
+  title    advisory title/amplification
+-->
+<!ENTITY % coreattrs
+ "id          ID             #IMPLIED
+  class       CDATA          #IMPLIED
+  style       %StyleSheet;   #IMPLIED
+  title       %Text;         #IMPLIED"
+  >
+
+<!-- internationalization attributes
+  lang        language code (backwards compatible)
+  xml:lang    language code (as per XML 1.0 spec)
+  dir         direction for weak/neutral text
+-->
+<!ENTITY % i18n
+ "lang        %LanguageCode; #IMPLIED
+  xml:lang    %LanguageCode; #IMPLIED
+  dir         (ltr|rtl)      #IMPLIED"
+  >
+
+<!-- attributes for common UI events
+  onclick     a pointer button was clicked
+  ondblclick  a pointer button was double clicked
+  onmousedown a pointer button was pressed down
+  onmouseup   a pointer button was released
+  onmousemove a pointer was moved onto the element
+  onmouseout  a pointer was moved away from the element
+  onkeypress  a key was pressed and released
+  onkeydown   a key was pressed down
+  onkeyup     a key was released
+-->
+<!ENTITY % events
+ "onclick     %Script;       #IMPLIED
+  ondblclick  %Script;       #IMPLIED
+  onmousedown %Script;       #IMPLIED
+  onmouseup   %Script;       #IMPLIED
+  onmouseover %Script;       #IMPLIED
+  onmousemove %Script;       #IMPLIED
+  onmouseout  %Script;       #IMPLIED
+  onkeypress  %Script;       #IMPLIED
+  onkeydown   %Script;       #IMPLIED
+  onkeyup     %Script;       #IMPLIED"
+  >
+
+<!-- attributes for elements that can get the focus
+  accesskey   accessibility key character
+  tabindex    position in tabbing order
+  onfocus     the element got the focus
+  onblur      the element lost the focus
+-->
+<!ENTITY % focus
+ "accesskey   %Character;    #IMPLIED
+  tabindex    %Number;       #IMPLIED
+  onfocus     %Script;       #IMPLIED
+  onblur      %Script;       #IMPLIED"
+  >
+
+<!ENTITY % attrs "%coreattrs; %i18n; %events;">
+
+<!-- text alignment for p, div, h1-h6. The default is
+     align="left" for ltr headings, "right" for rtl -->
+
+<!ENTITY % TextAlign "align (left|center|right|justify) #IMPLIED">
+
+<!--=================== Text Elements ====================================-->
+
+<!ENTITY % special.extra
+   "object | applet | img | map | iframe">
+    
+<!ENTITY % special.basic
+    "br | span | bdo">
+
+<!ENTITY % special
+   "%special.basic; | %special.extra;">
+
+<!ENTITY % fontstyle.extra "big | small | font | basefont">
+
+<!ENTITY % fontstyle.basic "tt | i | b | u
+                      | s | strike ">
+
+<!ENTITY % fontstyle "%fontstyle.basic; | %fontstyle.extra;">
+
+<!ENTITY % phrase.extra "sub | sup">
+<!ENTITY % phrase.basic "em | strong | dfn | code | q |
+                   samp | kbd | var | cite | abbr | acronym">
+
+<!ENTITY % phrase "%phrase.basic; | %phrase.extra;">
+
+<!ENTITY % inline.forms "input | select | textarea | label | button">
+
+<!-- these can occur at block or inline level -->
+<!ENTITY % misc.inline "ins | del | script">
+
+<!-- these can only occur at block level -->
+<!ENTITY % misc "noscript | %misc.inline;">
+
+<!ENTITY % inline "a | %special; | %fontstyle; | %phrase; | %inline.forms;">
+
+<!-- %Inline; covers inline or "text-level" elements -->
+<!ENTITY % Inline "(#PCDATA | %inline; | %misc.inline;)*">
+
+<!--================== Block level elements ==============================-->
+
+<!ENTITY % heading "h1|h2|h3|h4|h5|h6">
+<!ENTITY % lists "ul | ol | dl | menu | dir">
+<!ENTITY % blocktext "pre | hr | blockquote | address | center | noframes">
+
+<!ENTITY % block
+    "p | %heading; | div | %lists; | %blocktext; | isindex |fieldset | table">
+
+<!-- %Flow; mixes block and inline and is used for list items etc. -->
+<!ENTITY % Flow "(#PCDATA | %block; | form | %inline; | %misc;)*">
+
+<!--================== Content models for exclusions =====================-->
+
+<!-- a elements use %Inline; excluding a -->
+
+<!ENTITY % a.content
+   "(#PCDATA | %special; | %fontstyle; | %phrase; | %inline.forms; | %misc.inline;)*">
+
+<!-- pre uses %Inline excluding img, object, applet, big, small,
+     font, or basefont -->
+
+<!ENTITY % pre.content
+   "(#PCDATA | a | %special.basic; | %fontstyle.basic; | %phrase.basic; |
+       %inline.forms; | %misc.inline;)*">
+
+<!-- form uses %Flow; excluding form -->
+
+<!ENTITY % form.content "(#PCDATA | %block; | %inline; | %misc;)*">
+
+<!-- button uses %Flow; but excludes a, form, form controls, iframe -->
+
+<!ENTITY % button.content
+   "(#PCDATA | p | %heading; | div | %lists; | %blocktext; |
+      table | br | span | bdo | object | applet | img | map |
+      %fontstyle; | %phrase; | %misc;)*">
+
+<!--================ Document Structure ==================================-->
+
+<!-- the namespace URI designates the document profile -->
+
+<!ELEMENT html (head, body)>
+<!ATTLIST html
+  %i18n;
+  id          ID             #IMPLIED
+  xmlns       %URI;          #FIXED 'http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml'
+  >
+
+<!--================ Document Head =======================================-->
+
+<!ENTITY % head.misc "(script|style|meta|link|object|isindex)*">
+
+<!-- content model is %head.misc; combined with a single
+     title and an optional base element in any order -->
+
+<!ELEMENT head (%head.misc;,
+     ((title, %head.misc;, (base, %head.misc;)?) |
+      (base, %head.misc;, (title, %head.misc;))))>
+
+<!ATTLIST head
+  %i18n;
+  id          ID             #IMPLIED
+  profile     %URI;          #IMPLIED
+  >
+
+<!-- The title element is not considered part of the flow of text.
+       It should be displayed, for example as the page header or
+       window title. Exactly one title is required per document.
+    -->
+<!ELEMENT title (#PCDATA)>
+<!ATTLIST title 
+  %i18n;
+  id          ID             #IMPLIED
+  >
+
+<!-- document base URI -->
+
+<!ELEMENT base EMPTY>
+<!ATTLIST base
+  id          ID             #IMPLIED
+  href        %URI;          #IMPLIED
+  target      %FrameTarget;  #IMPLIED
+  >
+
+<!-- generic metainformation -->
+<!ELEMENT meta EMPTY>
+<!ATTLIST meta
+  %i18n;
+  id          ID             #IMPLIED
+  http-equiv  CDATA          #IMPLIED
+  name        CDATA          #IMPLIED
+  content     CDATA          #REQUIRED
+  scheme      CDATA          #IMPLIED
+  >
+
+<!--
+  Relationship values can be used in principle:
+
+   a) for document specific toolbars/menus when used
+      with the link element in document head e.g.
+        start, contents, previous, next, index, end, help
+   b) to link to a separate style sheet (rel="stylesheet")
+   c) to make a link to a script (rel="script")
+   d) by stylesheets to control how collections of
+      html nodes are rendered into printed documents
+   e) to make a link to a printable version of this document
+      e.g. a PostScript or PDF version (rel="alternate" media="print")
+-->
+
+<!ELEMENT link EMPTY>
+<!ATTLIST link
+  %attrs;
+  charset     %Charset;      #IMPLIED
+  href        %URI;          #IMPLIED
+  hreflang    %LanguageCode; #IMPLIED
+  type        %ContentType;  #IMPLIED
+  rel         %LinkTypes;    #IMPLIED
+  rev         %LinkTypes;    #IMPLIED
+  media       %MediaDesc;    #IMPLIED
+  target      %FrameTarget;  #IMPLIED
+  >
+
+<!-- style info, which may include CDATA sections -->
+<!ELEMENT style (#PCDATA)>
+<!ATTLIST style
+  %i18n;
+  id          ID             #IMPLIED
+  type        %ContentType;  #REQUIRED
+  media       %MediaDesc;    #IMPLIED
+  title       %Text;         #IMPLIED
+  xml:space   (preserve)     #FIXED 'preserve'
+  >
+
+<!-- script statements, which may include CDATA sections -->
+<!ELEMENT script (#PCDATA)>
+<!ATTLIST script
+  id          ID             #IMPLIED
+  charset     %Charset;      #IMPLIED
+  type        %ContentType;  #REQUIRED
+  language    CDATA          #IMPLIED
+  src         %URI;          #IMPLIED
+  defer       (defer)        #IMPLIED
+  xml:space   (preserve)     #FIXED 'preserve'
+  >
+
+<!-- alternate content container for non script-based rendering -->
+
+<!ELEMENT noscript %Flow;>
+<!ATTLIST noscript
+  %attrs;
+  >
+
+<!--======================= Frames =======================================-->
+
+<!-- inline subwindow -->
+
+<!ELEMENT iframe %Flow;>
+<!ATTLIST iframe
+  %coreattrs;
+  longdesc    %URI;          #IMPLIED
+  name        NMTOKEN        #IMPLIED
+  src         %URI;          #IMPLIED
+  frameborder (1|0)          "1"
+  marginwidth %Pixels;       #IMPLIED
+  marginheight %Pixels;      #IMPLIED
+  scrolling   (yes|no|auto)  "auto"
+  align       %ImgAlign;     #IMPLIED
+  height      %Length;       #IMPLIED
+  width       %Length;       #IMPLIED
+  >
+
+<!-- alternate content container for non frame-based rendering -->
+
+<!ELEMENT noframes %Flow;>
+<!ATTLIST noframes
+  %attrs;
+  >
+
+<!--=================== Document Body ====================================-->
+
+<!ELEMENT body %Flow;>
+<!ATTLIST body
+  %attrs;
+  onload      %Script;       #IMPLIED
+  onunload    %Script;       #IMPLIED
+  background  %URI;          #IMPLIED
+  bgcolor     %Color;        #IMPLIED
+  text        %Color;        #IMPLIED
+  link        %Color;        #IMPLIED
+  vlink       %Color;        #IMPLIED
+  alink       %Color;        #IMPLIED
+  >
+
+<!ELEMENT div %Flow;>  <!-- generic language/style container -->
+<!ATTLIST div
+  %attrs;
+  %TextAlign;
+  >
+
+<!--=================== Paragraphs =======================================-->
+
+<!ELEMENT p %Inline;>
+<!ATTLIST p
+  %attrs;
+  %TextAlign;
+  >
+
+<!--=================== Headings =========================================-->
+
+<!--
+  There are six levels of headings from h1 (the most important)
+  to h6 (the least important).
+-->
+
+<!ELEMENT h1  %Inline;>
+<!ATTLIST h1
+  %attrs;
+  %TextAlign;
+  >
+
+<!ELEMENT h2 %Inline;>
+<!ATTLIST h2
+  %attrs;
+  %TextAlign;
+  >
+
+<!ELEMENT h3 %Inline;>
+<!ATTLIST h3
+  %attrs;
+  %TextAlign;
+  >
+
+<!ELEMENT h4 %Inline;>
+<!ATTLIST h4
+  %attrs;
+  %TextAlign;
+  >
+
+<!ELEMENT h5 %Inline;>
+<!ATTLIST h5
+  %attrs;
+  %TextAlign;
+  >
+
+<!ELEMENT h6 %Inline;>
+<!ATTLIST h6
+  %attrs;
+  %TextAlign;
+  >
+
+<!--=================== Lists ============================================-->
+
+<!-- Unordered list bullet styles -->
+
+<!ENTITY % ULStyle "(disc|square|circle)">
+
+<!-- Unordered list -->
+
+<!ELEMENT ul (li)+>
+<!ATTLIST ul
+  %attrs;
+  type        %ULStyle;     #IMPLIED
+  compact     (compact)     #IMPLIED
+  >
+
+<!-- Ordered list numbering style
+
+    1   arabic numbers      1, 2, 3, ...
+    a   lower alpha         a, b, c, ...
+    A   upper alpha         A, B, C, ...
+    i   lower roman         i, ii, iii, ...
+    I   upper roman         I, II, III, ...
+
+    The style is applied to the sequence number which by default
+    is reset to 1 for the first list item in an ordered list.
+-->
+<!ENTITY % OLStyle "CDATA">
+
+<!-- Ordered (numbered) list -->
+
+<!ELEMENT ol (li)+>
+<!ATTLIST ol
+  %attrs;
+  type        %OLStyle;      #IMPLIED
+  compact     (compact)      #IMPLIED
+  start       %Number;       #IMPLIED
+  >
+
+<!-- single column list (DEPRECATED) --> 
+<!ELEMENT menu (li)+>
+<!ATTLIST menu
+  %attrs;
+  compact     (compact)     #IMPLIED
+  >
+
+<!-- multiple column list (DEPRECATED) --> 
+<!ELEMENT dir (li)+>
+<!ATTLIST dir
+  %attrs;
+  compact     (compact)     #IMPLIED
+  >
+
+<!-- LIStyle is constrained to: "(%ULStyle;|%OLStyle;)" -->
+<!ENTITY % LIStyle "CDATA">
+
+<!-- list item -->
+
+<!ELEMENT li %Flow;>
+<!ATTLIST li
+  %attrs;
+  type        %LIStyle;      #IMPLIED
+  value       %Number;       #IMPLIED
+  >
+
+<!-- definition lists - dt for term, dd for its definition -->
+
+<!ELEMENT dl (dt|dd)+>
+<!ATTLIST dl
+  %attrs;
+  compact     (compact)      #IMPLIED
+  >
+
+<!ELEMENT dt %Inline;>
+<!ATTLIST dt
+  %attrs;
+  >
+
+<!ELEMENT dd %Flow;>
+<!ATTLIST dd
+  %attrs;
+  >
+
+<!--=================== Address ==========================================-->
+
+<!-- information on author -->
+
+<!ELEMENT address (#PCDATA | %inline; | %misc.inline; | p)*>
+<!ATTLIST address
+  %attrs;
+  >
+
+<!--=================== Horizontal Rule ==================================-->
+
+<!ELEMENT hr EMPTY>
+<!ATTLIST hr
+  %attrs;
+  align       (left|center|right) #IMPLIED
+  noshade     (noshade)      #IMPLIED
+  size        %Pixels;       #IMPLIED
+  width       %Length;       #IMPLIED
+  >
+
+<!--=================== Preformatted Text ================================-->
+
+<!-- content is %Inline; excluding 
+        "img|object|applet|big|small|sub|sup|font|basefont" -->
+
+<!ELEMENT pre %pre.content;>
+<!ATTLIST pre
+  %attrs;
+  width       %Number;      #IMPLIED
+  xml:space   (preserve)    #FIXED 'preserve'
+  >
+
+<!--=================== Block-like Quotes ================================-->
+
+<!ELEMENT blockquote %Flow;>
+<!ATTLIST blockquote
+  %attrs;
+  cite        %URI;          #IMPLIED
+  >
+
+<!--=================== Text alignment ===================================-->
+
+<!-- center content -->
+<!ELEMENT center %Flow;>
+<!ATTLIST center
+  %attrs;
+  >
+
+<!--=================== Inserted/Deleted Text ============================-->
+
+<!--
+  ins/del are allowed in block and inline content, but its
+  inappropriate to include block content within an ins element
+  occurring in inline content.
+-->
+<!ELEMENT ins %Flow;>
+<!ATTLIST ins
+  %attrs;
+  cite        %URI;          #IMPLIED
+  datetime    %Datetime;     #IMPLIED
+  >
+
+<!ELEMENT del %Flow;>
+<!ATTLIST del
+  %attrs;
+  cite        %URI;          #IMPLIED
+  datetime    %Datetime;     #IMPLIED
+  >
+
+<!--================== The Anchor Element ================================-->
+
+<!-- content is %Inline; except that anchors shouldn't be nested -->
+
+<!ELEMENT a %a.content;>
+<!ATTLIST a
+  %attrs;
+  %focus;
+  charset     %Charset;      #IMPLIED
+  type        %ContentType;  #IMPLIED
+  name        NMTOKEN        #IMPLIED
+  href        %URI;          #IMPLIED
+  hreflang    %LanguageCode; #IMPLIED
+  rel         %LinkTypes;    #IMPLIED
+  rev         %LinkTypes;    #IMPLIED
+  shape       %Shape;        "rect"
+  coords      %Coords;       #IMPLIED
+  target      %FrameTarget;  #IMPLIED
+  >
+
+<!--===================== Inline Elements ================================-->
+
+<!ELEMENT span %Inline;> <!-- generic language/style container -->
+<!ATTLIST span
+  %attrs;
+  >
+
+<!ELEMENT bdo %Inline;>  <!-- I18N BiDi over-ride -->
+<!ATTLIST bdo
+  %coreattrs;
+  %events;
+  lang        %LanguageCode; #IMPLIED
+  xml:lang    %LanguageCode; #IMPLIED
+  dir         (ltr|rtl)      #REQUIRED
+  >
+
+<!ELEMENT br EMPTY>   <!-- forced line break -->
+<!ATTLIST br
+  %coreattrs;
+  clear       (left|all|right|none) "none"
+  >
+
+<!ELEMENT em %Inline;>   <!-- emphasis -->
+<!ATTLIST em %attrs;>
+
+<!ELEMENT strong %Inline;>   <!-- strong emphasis -->
+<!ATTLIST strong %attrs;>
+
+<!ELEMENT dfn %Inline;>   <!-- definitional -->
+<!ATTLIST dfn %attrs;>
+
+<!ELEMENT code %Inline;>   <!-- program code -->
+<!ATTLIST code %attrs;>
+
+<!ELEMENT samp %Inline;>   <!-- sample -->
+<!ATTLIST samp %attrs;>
+
+<!ELEMENT kbd %Inline;>  <!-- something user would type -->
+<!ATTLIST kbd %attrs;>
+
+<!ELEMENT var %Inline;>   <!-- variable -->
+<!ATTLIST var %attrs;>
+
+<!ELEMENT cite %Inline;>   <!-- citation -->
+<!ATTLIST cite %attrs;>
+
+<!ELEMENT abbr %Inline;>   <!-- abbreviation -->
+<!ATTLIST abbr %attrs;>
+
+<!ELEMENT acronym %Inline;>   <!-- acronym -->
+<!ATTLIST acronym %attrs;>
+
+<!ELEMENT q %Inline;>   <!-- inlined quote -->
+<!ATTLIST q
+  %attrs;
+  cite        %URI;          #IMPLIED
+  >
+
+<!ELEMENT sub %Inline;> <!-- subscript -->
+<!ATTLIST sub %attrs;>
+
+<!ELEMENT sup %Inline;> <!-- superscript -->
+<!ATTLIST sup %attrs;>
+
+<!ELEMENT tt %Inline;>   <!-- fixed pitch font -->
+<!ATTLIST tt %attrs;>
+
+<!ELEMENT i %Inline;>   <!-- italic font -->
+<!ATTLIST i %attrs;>
+
+<!ELEMENT b %Inline;>   <!-- bold font -->
+<!ATTLIST b %attrs;>
+
+<!ELEMENT big %Inline;>   <!-- bigger font -->
+<!ATTLIST big %attrs;>
+
+<!ELEMENT small %Inline;>   <!-- smaller font -->
+<!ATTLIST small %attrs;>
+
+<!ELEMENT u %Inline;>   <!-- underline -->
+<!ATTLIST u %attrs;>
+
+<!ELEMENT s %Inline;>   <!-- strike-through -->
+<!ATTLIST s %attrs;>
+
+<!ELEMENT strike %Inline;>   <!-- strike-through -->
+<!ATTLIST strike %attrs;>
+
+<!ELEMENT basefont EMPTY>  <!-- base font size -->
+<!ATTLIST basefont
+  id          ID             #IMPLIED
+  size        CDATA          #REQUIRED
+  color       %Color;        #IMPLIED
+  face        CDATA          #IMPLIED
+  >
+
+<!ELEMENT font %Inline;> <!-- local change to font -->
+<!ATTLIST font
+  %coreattrs;
+  %i18n;
+  size        CDATA          #IMPLIED
+  color       %Color;        #IMPLIED
+  face        CDATA          #IMPLIED
+  >
+
+<!--==================== Object ======================================-->
+<!--
+  object is used to embed objects as part of HTML pages.
+  param elements should precede other content. Parameters
+  can also be expressed as attribute/value pairs on the
+  object element itself when brevity is desired.
+-->
+
+<!ELEMENT object (#PCDATA | param | %block; | form | %inline; | %misc;)*>
+<!ATTLIST object
+  %attrs;
+  declare     (declare)      #IMPLIED
+  classid     %URI;          #IMPLIED
+  codebase    %URI;          #IMPLIED
+  data        %URI;          #IMPLIED
+  type        %ContentType;  #IMPLIED
+  codetype    %ContentType;  #IMPLIED
+  archive     %UriList;      #IMPLIED
+  standby     %Text;         #IMPLIED
+  height      %Length;       #IMPLIED
+  width       %Length;       #IMPLIED
+  usemap      %URI;          #IMPLIED
+  name        NMTOKEN        #IMPLIED
+  tabindex    %Number;       #IMPLIED
+  align       %ImgAlign;     #IMPLIED
+  border      %Pixels;       #IMPLIED
+  hspace      %Pixels;       #IMPLIED
+  vspace      %Pixels;       #IMPLIED
+  >
+
+<!--
+  param is used to supply a named property value.
+  In XML it would seem natural to follow RDF and support an
+  abbreviated syntax where the param elements are replaced
+  by attribute value pairs on the object start tag.
+-->
+<!ELEMENT param EMPTY>
+<!ATTLIST param
+  id          ID             #IMPLIED
+  name        CDATA          #REQUIRED
+  value       CDATA          #IMPLIED
+  valuetype   (data|ref|object) "data"
+  type        %ContentType;  #IMPLIED
+  >
+
+<!--=================== Java applet ==================================-->
+<!--
+  One of code or object attributes must be present.
+  Place param elements before other content.
+-->
+<!ELEMENT applet (#PCDATA | param | %block; | form | %inline; | %misc;)*>
+<!ATTLIST applet
+  %coreattrs;
+  codebase    %URI;          #IMPLIED
+  archive     CDATA          #IMPLIED
+  code        CDATA          #IMPLIED
+  object      CDATA          #IMPLIED
+  alt         %Text;         #IMPLIED
+  name        NMTOKEN        #IMPLIED
+  width       %Length;       #REQUIRED
+  height      %Length;       #REQUIRED
+  align       %ImgAlign;     #IMPLIED
+  hspace      %Pixels;       #IMPLIED
+  vspace      %Pixels;       #IMPLIED
+  >
+
+<!--=================== Images ===========================================-->
+
+<!--
+   To avoid accessibility problems for people who aren't
+   able to see the image, you should provide a text
+   description using the alt and longdesc attributes.
+   In addition, avoid the use of server-side image maps.
+-->
+
+<!ELEMENT img EMPTY>
+<!ATTLIST img
+  %attrs;
+  src         %URI;          #REQUIRED
+  alt         %Text;         #REQUIRED
+  name        NMTOKEN        #IMPLIED
+  longdesc    %URI;          #IMPLIED
+  height      %Length;       #IMPLIED
+  width       %Length;       #IMPLIED
+  usemap      %URI;          #IMPLIED
+  ismap       (ismap)        #IMPLIED
+  align       %ImgAlign;     #IMPLIED
+  border      %Length;       #IMPLIED
+  hspace      %Pixels;       #IMPLIED
+  vspace      %Pixels;       #IMPLIED
+  >
+
+<!-- usemap points to a map element which may be in this document
+  or an external document, although the latter is not widely supported -->
+
+<!--================== Client-side image maps ============================-->
+
+<!-- These can be placed in the same document or grouped in a
+     separate document although this isn't yet widely supported -->
+
+<!ELEMENT map ((%block; | form | %misc;)+ | area+)>
+<!ATTLIST map
+  %i18n;
+  %events;
+  id          ID             #REQUIRED
+  class       CDATA          #IMPLIED
+  style       %StyleSheet;   #IMPLIED
+  title       %Text;         #IMPLIED
+  name        CDATA          #IMPLIED
+  >
+
+<!ELEMENT area EMPTY>
+<!ATTLIST area
+  %attrs;
+  %focus;
+  shape       %Shape;        "rect"
+  coords      %Coords;       #IMPLIED
+  href        %URI;          #IMPLIED
+  nohref      (nohref)       #IMPLIED
+  alt         %Text;         #REQUIRED
+  target      %FrameTarget;  #IMPLIED
+  >
+
+<!--================ Forms ===============================================-->
+
+<!ELEMENT form %form.content;>   <!-- forms shouldn't be nested -->
+
+<!ATTLIST form
+  %attrs;
+  action      %URI;          #REQUIRED
+  method      (get|post)     "get"
+  name        NMTOKEN        #IMPLIED
+  enctype     %ContentType;  "application/x-www-form-urlencoded"
+  onsubmit    %Script;       #IMPLIED
+  onreset     %Script;       #IMPLIED
+  accept      %ContentTypes; #IMPLIED
+  accept-charset %Charsets;  #IMPLIED
+  target      %FrameTarget;  #IMPLIED
+  >
+
+<!--
+  Each label must not contain more than ONE field
+  Label elements shouldn't be nested.
+-->
+<!ELEMENT label %Inline;>
+<!ATTLIST label
+  %attrs;
+  for         IDREF          #IMPLIED
+  accesskey   %Character;    #IMPLIED
+  onfocus     %Script;       #IMPLIED
+  onblur      %Script;       #IMPLIED
+  >
+
+<!ENTITY % InputType
+  "(text | password | checkbox |
+    radio | submit | reset |
+    file | hidden | image | button)"
+   >
+
+<!-- the name attribute is required for all but submit & reset -->
+
+<!ELEMENT input EMPTY>     <!-- form control -->
+<!ATTLIST input
+  %attrs;
+  %focus;
+  type        %InputType;    "text"
+  name        CDATA          #IMPLIED
+  value       CDATA          #IMPLIED
+  checked     (checked)      #IMPLIED
+  disabled    (disabled)     #IMPLIED
+  readonly    (readonly)     #IMPLIED
+  size        CDATA          #IMPLIED
+  maxlength   %Number;       #IMPLIED
+  src         %URI;          #IMPLIED
+  alt         CDATA          #IMPLIED
+  usemap      %URI;          #IMPLIED
+  onselect    %Script;       #IMPLIED
+  onchange    %Script;       #IMPLIED
+  accept      %ContentTypes; #IMPLIED
+  align       %ImgAlign;     #IMPLIED
+  >
+
+<!ELEMENT select (optgroup|option)+>  <!-- option selector -->
+<!ATTLIST select
+  %attrs;
+  name        CDATA          #IMPLIED
+  size        %Number;       #IMPLIED
+  multiple    (multiple)     #IMPLIED
+  disabled    (disabled)     #IMPLIED
+  tabindex    %Number;       #IMPLIED
+  onfocus     %Script;       #IMPLIED
+  onblur      %Script;       #IMPLIED
+  onchange    %Script;       #IMPLIED
+  >
+
+<!ELEMENT optgroup (option)+>   <!-- option group -->
+<!ATTLIST optgroup
+  %attrs;
+  disabled    (disabled)     #IMPLIED
+  label       %Text;         #REQUIRED
+  >
+
+<!ELEMENT option (#PCDATA)>     <!-- selectable choice -->
+<!ATTLIST option
+  %attrs;
+  selected    (selected)     #IMPLIED
+  disabled    (disabled)     #IMPLIED
+  label       %Text;         #IMPLIED
+  value       CDATA          #IMPLIED
+  >
+
+<!ELEMENT textarea (#PCDATA)>     <!-- multi-line text field -->
+<!ATTLIST textarea
+  %attrs;
+  %focus;
+  name        CDATA          #IMPLIED
+  rows        %Number;       #REQUIRED
+  cols        %Number;       #REQUIRED
+  disabled    (disabled)     #IMPLIED
+  readonly    (readonly)     #IMPLIED
+  onselect    %Script;       #IMPLIED
+  onchange    %Script;       #IMPLIED
+  >
+
+<!--
+  The fieldset element is used to group form fields.
+  Only one legend element should occur in the content
+  and if present should only be preceded by whitespace.
+-->
+<!ELEMENT fieldset (#PCDATA | legend | %block; | form | %inline; | %misc;)*>
+<!ATTLIST fieldset
+  %attrs;
+  >
+
+<!ENTITY % LAlign "(top|bottom|left|right)">
+
+<!ELEMENT legend %Inline;>     <!-- fieldset label -->
+<!ATTLIST legend
+  %attrs;
+  accesskey   %Character;    #IMPLIED
+  align       %LAlign;       #IMPLIED
+  >
+
+<!--
+ Content is %Flow; excluding a, form, form controls, iframe
+--> 
+<!ELEMENT button %button.content;>  <!-- push button -->
+<!ATTLIST button
+  %attrs;
+  %focus;
+  name        CDATA          #IMPLIED
+  value       CDATA          #IMPLIED
+  type        (button|submit|reset) "submit"
+  disabled    (disabled)     #IMPLIED
+  >
+
+<!-- single-line text input control (DEPRECATED) -->
+<!ELEMENT isindex EMPTY>
+<!ATTLIST isindex
+  %coreattrs;
+  %i18n;
+  prompt      %Text;         #IMPLIED
+  >
+
+<!--======================= Tables =======================================-->
+
+<!-- Derived from IETF HTML table standard, see [RFC1942] -->
+
+<!--
+ The border attribute sets the thickness of the frame around the
+ table. The default units are screen pixels.
+
+ The frame attribute specifies which parts of the frame around
+ the table should be rendered. The values are not the same as
+ CALS to avoid a name clash with the valign attribute.
+-->
+<!ENTITY % TFrame "(void|above|below|hsides|lhs|rhs|vsides|box|border)">
+
+<!--
+ The rules attribute defines which rules to draw between cells:
+
+ If rules is absent then assume:
+     "none" if border is absent or border="0" otherwise "all"
+-->
+
+<!ENTITY % TRules "(none | groups | rows | cols | all)">
+  
+<!-- horizontal placement of table relative to document -->
+<!ENTITY % TAlign "(left|center|right)">
+
+<!-- horizontal alignment attributes for cell contents
+
+  char        alignment char, e.g. char=':'
+  charoff     offset for alignment char
+-->
+<!ENTITY % cellhalign
+  "align      (left|center|right|justify|char) #IMPLIED
+   char       %Character;    #IMPLIED
+   charoff    %Length;       #IMPLIED"
+  >
+
+<!-- vertical alignment attributes for cell contents -->
+<!ENTITY % cellvalign
+  "valign     (top|middle|bottom|baseline) #IMPLIED"
+  >
+
+<!ELEMENT table
+     (caption?, (col*|colgroup*), thead?, tfoot?, (tbody+|tr+))>
+<!ELEMENT caption  %Inline;>
+<!ELEMENT thead    (tr)+>
+<!ELEMENT tfoot    (tr)+>
+<!ELEMENT tbody    (tr)+>
+<!ELEMENT colgroup (col)*>
+<!ELEMENT col      EMPTY>
+<!ELEMENT tr       (th|td)+>
+<!ELEMENT th       %Flow;>
+<!ELEMENT td       %Flow;>
+
+<!ATTLIST table
+  %attrs;
+  summary     %Text;         #IMPLIED
+  width       %Length;       #IMPLIED
+  border      %Pixels;       #IMPLIED
+  frame       %TFrame;       #IMPLIED
+  rules       %TRules;       #IMPLIED
+  cellspacing %Length;       #IMPLIED
+  cellpadding %Length;       #IMPLIED
+  align       %TAlign;       #IMPLIED
+  bgcolor     %Color;        #IMPLIED
+  >
+
+<!ENTITY % CAlign "(top|bottom|left|right)">
+
+<!ATTLIST caption
+  %attrs;
+  align       %CAlign;       #IMPLIED
+  >
+
+<!--
+colgroup groups a set of col elements. It allows you to group
+several semantically related columns together.
+-->
+<!ATTLIST colgroup
+  %attrs;
+  span        %Number;       "1"
+  width       %MultiLength;  #IMPLIED
+  %cellhalign;
+  %cellvalign;
+  >
+
+<!--
+ col elements define the alignment properties for cells in
+ one or more columns.
+
+ The width attribute specifies the width of the columns, e.g.
+
+     width=64        width in screen pixels
+     width=0.5*      relative width of 0.5
+
+ The span attribute causes the attributes of one
+ col element to apply to more than one column.
+-->
+<!ATTLIST col
+  %attrs;
+  span        %Number;       "1"
+  width       %MultiLength;  #IMPLIED
+  %cellhalign;
+  %cellvalign;
+  >
+
+<!--
+    Use thead to duplicate headers when breaking table
+    across page boundaries, or for static headers when
+    tbody sections are rendered in scrolling panel.
+
+    Use tfoot to duplicate footers when breaking table
+    across page boundaries, or for static footers when
+    tbody sections are rendered in scrolling panel.
+
+    Use multiple tbody sections when rules are needed
+    between groups of table rows.
+-->
+<!ATTLIST thead
+  %attrs;
+  %cellhalign;
+  %cellvalign;
+  >
+
+<!ATTLIST tfoot
+  %attrs;
+  %cellhalign;
+  %cellvalign;
+  >
+
+<!ATTLIST tbody
+  %attrs;
+  %cellhalign;
+  %cellvalign;
+  >
+
+<!ATTLIST tr
+  %attrs;
+  %cellhalign;
+  %cellvalign;
+  bgcolor     %Color;        #IMPLIED
+  >
+
+<!-- Scope is simpler than headers attribute for common tables -->
+<!ENTITY % Scope "(row|col|rowgroup|colgroup)">
+
+<!-- th is for headers, td for data and for cells acting as both -->
+
+<!ATTLIST th
+  %attrs;
+  abbr        %Text;         #IMPLIED
+  axis        CDATA          #IMPLIED
+  headers     IDREFS         #IMPLIED
+  scope       %Scope;        #IMPLIED
+  rowspan     %Number;       "1"
+  colspan     %Number;       "1"
+  %cellhalign;
+  %cellvalign;
+  nowrap      (nowrap)       #IMPLIED
+  bgcolor     %Color;        #IMPLIED
+  width       %Length;       #IMPLIED
+  height      %Length;       #IMPLIED
+  >
+
+<!ATTLIST td
+  %attrs;
+  abbr        %Text;         #IMPLIED
+  axis        CDATA          #IMPLIED
+  headers     IDREFS         #IMPLIED
+  scope       %Scope;        #IMPLIED
+  rowspan     %Number;       "1"
+  colspan     %Number;       "1"
+  %cellhalign;
+  %cellvalign;
+  nowrap      (nowrap)       #IMPLIED
+  bgcolor     %Color;        #IMPLIED
+  width       %Length;       #IMPLIED
+  height      %Length;       #IMPLIED
+  >
+
+
+
+ + +

A.1.3. XHTML-1.0-Frameset

+ +

The file DTD/xhtml1-frameset.dtd is a normative part of this specification. Its annotated contents are included here for completeness.

+ + +
+<!--
+   Extensible HTML version 1.0 Frameset DTD
+
+   This is the same as HTML 4 Frameset except for
+   changes due to the differences between XML and SGML.
+
+   Namespace = http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml
+
+   For further information, see: http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1
+
+   Copyright (c) 1998-2002 W3C (MIT, INRIA, Keio),
+   All Rights Reserved. 
+
+   This DTD module is identified by the PUBLIC and SYSTEM identifiers:
+
+   PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Frameset//EN"
+   SYSTEM "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-frameset.dtd"
+
+   $Revision: 1.26 $
+   $Date: 2002/08/01 18:16:48 $
+
+-->
+
+<!--================ Character mnemonic entities =========================-->
+
+<!ENTITY % HTMLlat1 PUBLIC
+   "-//W3C//ENTITIES Latin 1 for XHTML//EN"
+   "xhtml-lat1.ent">
+%HTMLlat1;
+
+<!ENTITY % HTMLsymbol PUBLIC
+   "-//W3C//ENTITIES Symbols for XHTML//EN"
+   "xhtml-symbol.ent">
+%HTMLsymbol;
+
+<!ENTITY % HTMLspecial PUBLIC
+   "-//W3C//ENTITIES Special for XHTML//EN"
+   "xhtml-special.ent">
+%HTMLspecial;
+
+<!--================== Imported Names ====================================-->
+
+<!ENTITY % ContentType "CDATA">
+    <!-- media type, as per [RFC2045] -->
+
+<!ENTITY % ContentTypes "CDATA">
+    <!-- comma-separated list of media types, as per [RFC2045] -->
+
+<!ENTITY % Charset "CDATA">
+    <!-- a character encoding, as per [RFC2045] -->
+
+<!ENTITY % Charsets "CDATA">
+    <!-- a space separated list of character encodings, as per [RFC2045] -->
+
+<!ENTITY % LanguageCode "NMTOKEN">
+    <!-- a language code, as per [RFC3066] -->
+
+<!ENTITY % Character "CDATA">
+    <!-- a single character, as per section 2.2 of [XML] -->
+
+<!ENTITY % Number "CDATA">
+    <!-- one or more digits -->
+
+<!ENTITY % LinkTypes "CDATA">
+    <!-- space-separated list of link types -->
+
+<!ENTITY % MediaDesc "CDATA">
+    <!-- single or comma-separated list of media descriptors -->
+
+<!ENTITY % URI "CDATA">
+    <!-- a Uniform Resource Identifier, see [RFC2396] -->
+
+<!ENTITY % UriList "CDATA">
+    <!-- a space separated list of Uniform Resource Identifiers -->
+
+<!ENTITY % Datetime "CDATA">
+    <!-- date and time information. ISO date format -->
+
+<!ENTITY % Script "CDATA">
+    <!-- script expression -->
+
+<!ENTITY % StyleSheet "CDATA">
+    <!-- style sheet data -->
+
+<!ENTITY % Text "CDATA">
+    <!-- used for titles etc. -->
+
+<!ENTITY % FrameTarget "NMTOKEN">
+    <!-- render in this frame -->
+
+<!ENTITY % Length "CDATA">
+    <!-- nn for pixels or nn% for percentage length -->
+
+<!ENTITY % MultiLength "CDATA">
+    <!-- pixel, percentage, or relative -->
+
+<!ENTITY % MultiLengths "CDATA">
+    <!-- comma-separated list of MultiLength -->
+
+<!ENTITY % Pixels "CDATA">
+    <!-- integer representing length in pixels -->
+
+<!-- these are used for image maps -->
+
+<!ENTITY % Shape "(rect|circle|poly|default)">
+
+<!ENTITY % Coords "CDATA">
+    <!-- comma separated list of lengths -->
+
+<!-- used for object, applet, img, input and iframe -->
+<!ENTITY % ImgAlign "(top|middle|bottom|left|right)">
+
+<!-- a color using sRGB: #RRGGBB as Hex values -->
+<!ENTITY % Color "CDATA">
+
+<!-- There are also 16 widely known color names with their sRGB values:
+
+    Black  = #000000    Green  = #008000
+    Silver = #C0C0C0    Lime   = #00FF00
+    Gray   = #808080    Olive  = #808000
+    White  = #FFFFFF    Yellow = #FFFF00
+    Maroon = #800000    Navy   = #000080
+    Red    = #FF0000    Blue   = #0000FF
+    Purple = #800080    Teal   = #008080
+    Fuchsia= #FF00FF    Aqua   = #00FFFF
+-->
+
+<!--=================== Generic Attributes ===============================-->
+
+<!-- core attributes common to most elements
+  id       document-wide unique id
+  class    space separated list of classes
+  style    associated style info
+  title    advisory title/amplification
+-->
+<!ENTITY % coreattrs
+ "id          ID             #IMPLIED
+  class       CDATA          #IMPLIED
+  style       %StyleSheet;   #IMPLIED
+  title       %Text;         #IMPLIED"
+  >
+
+<!-- internationalization attributes
+  lang        language code (backwards compatible)
+  xml:lang    language code (as per XML 1.0 spec)
+  dir         direction for weak/neutral text
+-->
+<!ENTITY % i18n
+ "lang        %LanguageCode; #IMPLIED
+  xml:lang    %LanguageCode; #IMPLIED
+  dir         (ltr|rtl)      #IMPLIED"
+  >
+
+<!-- attributes for common UI events
+  onclick     a pointer button was clicked
+  ondblclick  a pointer button was double clicked
+  onmousedown a pointer button was pressed down
+  onmouseup   a pointer button was released
+  onmousemove a pointer was moved onto the element
+  onmouseout  a pointer was moved away from the element
+  onkeypress  a key was pressed and released
+  onkeydown   a key was pressed down
+  onkeyup     a key was released
+-->
+<!ENTITY % events
+ "onclick     %Script;       #IMPLIED
+  ondblclick  %Script;       #IMPLIED
+  onmousedown %Script;       #IMPLIED
+  onmouseup   %Script;       #IMPLIED
+  onmouseover %Script;       #IMPLIED
+  onmousemove %Script;       #IMPLIED
+  onmouseout  %Script;       #IMPLIED
+  onkeypress  %Script;       #IMPLIED
+  onkeydown   %Script;       #IMPLIED
+  onkeyup     %Script;       #IMPLIED"
+  >
+
+<!-- attributes for elements that can get the focus
+  accesskey   accessibility key character
+  tabindex    position in tabbing order
+  onfocus     the element got the focus
+  onblur      the element lost the focus
+-->
+<!ENTITY % focus
+ "accesskey   %Character;    #IMPLIED
+  tabindex    %Number;       #IMPLIED
+  onfocus     %Script;       #IMPLIED
+  onblur      %Script;       #IMPLIED"
+  >
+
+<!ENTITY % attrs "%coreattrs; %i18n; %events;">
+
+<!-- text alignment for p, div, h1-h6. The default is
+     align="left" for ltr headings, "right" for rtl -->
+
+<!ENTITY % TextAlign "align (left|center|right|justify) #IMPLIED">
+
+<!--=================== Text Elements ====================================-->
+
+<!ENTITY % special.extra
+   "object | applet | img | map | iframe">
+    
+<!ENTITY % special.basic
+    "br | span | bdo">
+
+<!ENTITY % special
+   "%special.basic; | %special.extra;">
+
+<!ENTITY % fontstyle.extra "big | small | font | basefont">
+
+<!ENTITY % fontstyle.basic "tt | i | b | u
+                      | s | strike ">
+
+<!ENTITY % fontstyle "%fontstyle.basic; | %fontstyle.extra;">
+
+<!ENTITY % phrase.extra "sub | sup">
+<!ENTITY % phrase.basic "em | strong | dfn | code | q |
+                   samp | kbd | var | cite | abbr | acronym">
+
+<!ENTITY % phrase "%phrase.basic; | %phrase.extra;">
+
+<!ENTITY % inline.forms "input | select | textarea | label | button">
+
+<!-- these can occur at block or inline level -->
+<!ENTITY % misc.inline "ins | del | script">
+
+<!-- these can only occur at block level -->
+<!ENTITY % misc "noscript | %misc.inline;">
+
+
+<!ENTITY % inline "a | %special; | %fontstyle; | %phrase; | %inline.forms;">
+
+<!-- %Inline; covers inline or "text-level" elements -->
+<!ENTITY % Inline "(#PCDATA | %inline; | %misc.inline;)*">
+
+<!--================== Block level elements ==============================-->
+
+<!ENTITY % heading "h1|h2|h3|h4|h5|h6">
+<!ENTITY % lists "ul | ol | dl | menu | dir">
+<!ENTITY % blocktext "pre | hr | blockquote | address | center">
+
+<!ENTITY % block
+    "p | %heading; | div | %lists; | %blocktext; | isindex | fieldset | table">
+
+<!-- %Flow; mixes block and inline and is used for list items etc. -->
+<!ENTITY % Flow "(#PCDATA | %block; | form | %inline; | %misc;)*">
+
+<!--================== Content models for exclusions =====================-->
+
+<!-- a elements use %Inline; excluding a -->
+
+<!ENTITY % a.content
+   "(#PCDATA | %special; | %fontstyle; | %phrase; | %inline.forms; | %misc.inline;)*">
+
+<!-- pre uses %Inline excluding img, object, applet, big, small,
+     sub, sup, font, or basefont -->
+
+<!ENTITY % pre.content
+   "(#PCDATA | a | %special.basic; | %fontstyle.basic; | %phrase.basic; |
+       %inline.forms; | %misc.inline;)*">
+
+
+<!-- form uses %Flow; excluding form -->
+
+<!ENTITY % form.content "(#PCDATA | %block; | %inline; | %misc;)*">
+
+<!-- button uses %Flow; but excludes a, form, form controls, iframe -->
+
+<!ENTITY % button.content
+   "(#PCDATA | p | %heading; | div | %lists; | %blocktext; |
+      table | br | span | bdo | object | applet | img | map |
+      %fontstyle; | %phrase; | %misc;)*">
+
+<!--================ Document Structure ==================================-->
+
+<!-- the namespace URI designates the document profile -->
+
+<!ELEMENT html (head, frameset)>
+<!ATTLIST html
+  %i18n;
+  id          ID             #IMPLIED
+  xmlns       %URI;          #FIXED 'http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml'
+  >
+
+<!--================ Document Head =======================================-->
+
+<!ENTITY % head.misc "(script|style|meta|link|object|isindex)*">
+
+<!-- content model is %head.misc; combined with a single
+     title and an optional base element in any order -->
+
+<!ELEMENT head (%head.misc;,
+     ((title, %head.misc;, (base, %head.misc;)?) |
+      (base, %head.misc;, (title, %head.misc;))))>
+
+<!ATTLIST head
+  %i18n;
+  id          ID             #IMPLIED
+  profile     %URI;          #IMPLIED
+  >
+
+<!-- The title element is not considered part of the flow of text.
+       It should be displayed, for example as the page header or
+       window title. Exactly one title is required per document.
+    -->
+<!ELEMENT title (#PCDATA)>
+<!ATTLIST title 
+  %i18n;
+  id          ID             #IMPLIED
+  >
+
+<!-- document base URI -->
+
+<!ELEMENT base EMPTY>
+<!ATTLIST base
+  id          ID             #IMPLIED
+  href        %URI;          #IMPLIED
+  target      %FrameTarget;  #IMPLIED
+  >
+
+<!-- generic metainformation -->
+<!ELEMENT meta EMPTY>
+<!ATTLIST meta
+  %i18n;
+  id          ID             #IMPLIED
+  http-equiv  CDATA          #IMPLIED
+  name        CDATA          #IMPLIED
+  content     CDATA          #REQUIRED
+  scheme      CDATA          #IMPLIED
+  >
+
+<!--
+  Relationship values can be used in principle:
+
+   a) for document specific toolbars/menus when used
+      with the link element in document head e.g.
+        start, contents, previous, next, index, end, help
+   b) to link to a separate style sheet (rel="stylesheet")
+   c) to make a link to a script (rel="script")
+   d) by stylesheets to control how collections of
+      html nodes are rendered into printed documents
+   e) to make a link to a printable version of this document
+      e.g. a PostScript or PDF version (rel="alternate" media="print")
+-->
+
+<!ELEMENT link EMPTY>
+<!ATTLIST link
+  %attrs;
+  charset     %Charset;      #IMPLIED
+  href        %URI;          #IMPLIED
+  hreflang    %LanguageCode; #IMPLIED
+  type        %ContentType;  #IMPLIED
+  rel         %LinkTypes;    #IMPLIED
+  rev         %LinkTypes;    #IMPLIED
+  media       %MediaDesc;    #IMPLIED
+  target      %FrameTarget;  #IMPLIED
+  >
+
+<!-- style info, which may include CDATA sections -->
+<!ELEMENT style (#PCDATA)>
+<!ATTLIST style
+  %i18n;
+  id          ID             #IMPLIED
+  type        %ContentType;  #REQUIRED
+  media       %MediaDesc;    #IMPLIED
+  title       %Text;         #IMPLIED
+  xml:space   (preserve)     #FIXED 'preserve'
+  >
+
+<!-- script statements, which may include CDATA sections -->
+<!ELEMENT script (#PCDATA)>
+<!ATTLIST script
+  id          ID             #IMPLIED
+  charset     %Charset;      #IMPLIED
+  type        %ContentType;  #REQUIRED
+  language    CDATA          #IMPLIED
+  src         %URI;          #IMPLIED
+  defer       (defer)        #IMPLIED
+  xml:space   (preserve)     #FIXED 'preserve'
+  >
+
+<!-- alternate content container for non script-based rendering -->
+
+<!ELEMENT noscript %Flow;>
+<!ATTLIST noscript
+  %attrs;
+  >
+
+<!--======================= Frames =======================================-->
+
+<!-- only one noframes element permitted per document -->
+
+<!ELEMENT frameset (frameset|frame|noframes)*>
+<!ATTLIST frameset
+  %coreattrs;
+  rows        %MultiLengths; #IMPLIED
+  cols        %MultiLengths; #IMPLIED
+  onload      %Script;       #IMPLIED
+  onunload    %Script;       #IMPLIED
+  >
+
+<!-- reserved frame names start with "_" otherwise starts with letter -->
+
+<!-- tiled window within frameset -->
+
+<!ELEMENT frame EMPTY>
+<!ATTLIST frame
+  %coreattrs;
+  longdesc    %URI;          #IMPLIED
+  name        NMTOKEN        #IMPLIED
+  src         %URI;          #IMPLIED
+  frameborder (1|0)          "1"
+  marginwidth %Pixels;       #IMPLIED
+  marginheight %Pixels;      #IMPLIED
+  noresize    (noresize)     #IMPLIED
+  scrolling   (yes|no|auto)  "auto"
+  >
+
+<!-- inline subwindow -->
+
+<!ELEMENT iframe %Flow;>
+<!ATTLIST iframe
+  %coreattrs;
+  longdesc    %URI;          #IMPLIED
+  name        NMTOKEN        #IMPLIED
+  src         %URI;          #IMPLIED
+  frameborder (1|0)          "1"
+  marginwidth %Pixels;       #IMPLIED
+  marginheight %Pixels;      #IMPLIED
+  scrolling   (yes|no|auto)  "auto"
+  align       %ImgAlign;     #IMPLIED
+  height      %Length;       #IMPLIED
+  width       %Length;       #IMPLIED
+  >
+
+<!-- alternate content container for non frame-based rendering -->
+
+<!ELEMENT noframes (body)>
+<!ATTLIST noframes
+  %attrs;
+  >
+
+<!--=================== Document Body ====================================-->
+
+<!ELEMENT body %Flow;>
+<!ATTLIST body
+  %attrs;
+  onload      %Script;       #IMPLIED
+  onunload    %Script;       #IMPLIED
+  background  %URI;          #IMPLIED
+  bgcolor     %Color;        #IMPLIED
+  text        %Color;        #IMPLIED
+  link        %Color;        #IMPLIED
+  vlink       %Color;        #IMPLIED
+  alink       %Color;        #IMPLIED
+  >
+
+<!ELEMENT div %Flow;>  <!-- generic language/style container -->
+<!ATTLIST div
+  %attrs;
+  %TextAlign;
+  >
+
+<!--=================== Paragraphs =======================================-->
+
+<!ELEMENT p %Inline;>
+<!ATTLIST p
+  %attrs;
+  %TextAlign;
+  >
+
+<!--=================== Headings =========================================-->
+
+<!--
+  There are six levels of headings from h1 (the most important)
+  to h6 (the least important).
+-->
+
+<!ELEMENT h1  %Inline;>
+<!ATTLIST h1
+  %attrs;
+  %TextAlign;
+  >
+
+<!ELEMENT h2 %Inline;>
+<!ATTLIST h2
+  %attrs;
+  %TextAlign;
+  >
+
+<!ELEMENT h3 %Inline;>
+<!ATTLIST h3
+  %attrs;
+  %TextAlign;
+  >
+
+<!ELEMENT h4 %Inline;>
+<!ATTLIST h4
+  %attrs;
+  %TextAlign;
+  >
+
+<!ELEMENT h5 %Inline;>
+<!ATTLIST h5
+  %attrs;
+  %TextAlign;
+  >
+
+<!ELEMENT h6 %Inline;>
+<!ATTLIST h6
+  %attrs;
+  %TextAlign;
+  >
+
+<!--=================== Lists ============================================-->
+
+<!-- Unordered list bullet styles -->
+
+<!ENTITY % ULStyle "(disc|square|circle)">
+
+<!-- Unordered list -->
+
+<!ELEMENT ul (li)+>
+<!ATTLIST ul
+  %attrs;
+  type        %ULStyle;     #IMPLIED
+  compact     (compact)     #IMPLIED
+  >
+
+<!-- Ordered list numbering style
+
+    1   arabic numbers      1, 2, 3, ...
+    a   lower alpha         a, b, c, ...
+    A   upper alpha         A, B, C, ...
+    i   lower roman         i, ii, iii, ...
+    I   upper roman         I, II, III, ...
+
+    The style is applied to the sequence number which by default
+    is reset to 1 for the first list item in an ordered list.
+-->
+<!ENTITY % OLStyle "CDATA">
+
+<!-- Ordered (numbered) list -->
+
+<!ELEMENT ol (li)+>
+<!ATTLIST ol
+  %attrs;
+  type        %OLStyle;      #IMPLIED
+  compact     (compact)      #IMPLIED
+  start       %Number;       #IMPLIED
+  >
+
+<!-- single column list (DEPRECATED) --> 
+<!ELEMENT menu (li)+>
+<!ATTLIST menu
+  %attrs;
+  compact     (compact)     #IMPLIED
+  >
+
+<!-- multiple column list (DEPRECATED) --> 
+<!ELEMENT dir (li)+>
+<!ATTLIST dir
+  %attrs;
+  compact     (compact)     #IMPLIED
+  >
+
+<!-- LIStyle is constrained to: "(%ULStyle;|%OLStyle;)" -->
+<!ENTITY % LIStyle "CDATA">
+
+<!-- list item -->
+
+<!ELEMENT li %Flow;>
+<!ATTLIST li
+  %attrs;
+  type        %LIStyle;      #IMPLIED
+  value       %Number;       #IMPLIED
+  >
+
+<!-- definition lists - dt for term, dd for its definition -->
+
+<!ELEMENT dl (dt|dd)+>
+<!ATTLIST dl
+  %attrs;
+  compact     (compact)      #IMPLIED
+  >
+
+<!ELEMENT dt %Inline;>
+<!ATTLIST dt
+  %attrs;
+  >
+
+<!ELEMENT dd %Flow;>
+<!ATTLIST dd
+  %attrs;
+  >
+
+<!--=================== Address ==========================================-->
+
+<!-- information on author -->
+
+<!ELEMENT address (#PCDATA | %inline; | %misc.inline; | p)*>
+<!ATTLIST address
+  %attrs;
+  >
+
+<!--=================== Horizontal Rule ==================================-->
+
+<!ELEMENT hr EMPTY>
+<!ATTLIST hr
+  %attrs;
+  align       (left|center|right) #IMPLIED
+  noshade     (noshade)      #IMPLIED
+  size        %Pixels;       #IMPLIED
+  width       %Length;       #IMPLIED
+  >
+
+<!--=================== Preformatted Text ================================-->
+
+<!-- content is %Inline; excluding 
+        "img|object|applet|big|small|sub|sup|font|basefont" -->
+
+<!ELEMENT pre %pre.content;>
+<!ATTLIST pre
+  %attrs;
+  width       %Number;      #IMPLIED
+  xml:space   (preserve)    #FIXED 'preserve'
+  >
+
+<!--=================== Block-like Quotes ================================-->
+
+<!ELEMENT blockquote %Flow;>
+<!ATTLIST blockquote
+  %attrs;
+  cite        %URI;          #IMPLIED
+  >
+
+<!--=================== Text alignment ===================================-->
+
+<!-- center content -->
+<!ELEMENT center %Flow;>
+<!ATTLIST center
+  %attrs;
+  >
+
+<!--=================== Inserted/Deleted Text ============================-->
+
+
+<!--
+  ins/del are allowed in block and inline content, but its
+  inappropriate to include block content within an ins element
+  occurring in inline content.
+-->
+<!ELEMENT ins %Flow;>
+<!ATTLIST ins
+  %attrs;
+  cite        %URI;          #IMPLIED
+  datetime    %Datetime;     #IMPLIED
+  >
+
+<!ELEMENT del %Flow;>
+<!ATTLIST del
+  %attrs;
+  cite        %URI;          #IMPLIED
+  datetime    %Datetime;     #IMPLIED
+  >
+
+<!--================== The Anchor Element ================================-->
+
+<!-- content is %Inline; except that anchors shouldn't be nested -->
+
+<!ELEMENT a %a.content;>
+<!ATTLIST a
+  %attrs;
+  %focus;
+  charset     %Charset;      #IMPLIED
+  type        %ContentType;  #IMPLIED
+  name        NMTOKEN        #IMPLIED
+  href        %URI;          #IMPLIED
+  hreflang    %LanguageCode; #IMPLIED
+  rel         %LinkTypes;    #IMPLIED
+  rev         %LinkTypes;    #IMPLIED
+  shape       %Shape;        "rect"
+  coords      %Coords;       #IMPLIED
+  target      %FrameTarget;  #IMPLIED
+  >
+
+<!--===================== Inline Elements ================================-->
+
+<!ELEMENT span %Inline;> <!-- generic language/style container -->
+<!ATTLIST span
+  %attrs;
+  >
+
+<!ELEMENT bdo %Inline;>  <!-- I18N BiDi over-ride -->
+<!ATTLIST bdo
+  %coreattrs;
+  %events;
+  lang        %LanguageCode; #IMPLIED
+  xml:lang    %LanguageCode; #IMPLIED
+  dir         (ltr|rtl)      #REQUIRED
+  >
+
+<!ELEMENT br EMPTY>   <!-- forced line break -->
+<!ATTLIST br
+  %coreattrs;
+  clear       (left|all|right|none) "none"
+  >
+
+<!ELEMENT em %Inline;>   <!-- emphasis -->
+<!ATTLIST em %attrs;>
+
+<!ELEMENT strong %Inline;>   <!-- strong emphasis -->
+<!ATTLIST strong %attrs;>
+
+<!ELEMENT dfn %Inline;>   <!-- definitional -->
+<!ATTLIST dfn %attrs;>
+
+<!ELEMENT code %Inline;>   <!-- program code -->
+<!ATTLIST code %attrs;>
+
+<!ELEMENT samp %Inline;>   <!-- sample -->
+<!ATTLIST samp %attrs;>
+
+<!ELEMENT kbd %Inline;>  <!-- something user would type -->
+<!ATTLIST kbd %attrs;>
+
+<!ELEMENT var %Inline;>   <!-- variable -->
+<!ATTLIST var %attrs;>
+
+<!ELEMENT cite %Inline;>   <!-- citation -->
+<!ATTLIST cite %attrs;>
+
+<!ELEMENT abbr %Inline;>   <!-- abbreviation -->
+<!ATTLIST abbr %attrs;>
+
+<!ELEMENT acronym %Inline;>   <!-- acronym -->
+<!ATTLIST acronym %attrs;>
+
+<!ELEMENT q %Inline;>   <!-- inlined quote -->
+<!ATTLIST q
+  %attrs;
+  cite        %URI;          #IMPLIED
+  >
+
+<!ELEMENT sub %Inline;> <!-- subscript -->
+<!ATTLIST sub %attrs;>
+
+<!ELEMENT sup %Inline;> <!-- superscript -->
+<!ATTLIST sup %attrs;>
+
+<!ELEMENT tt %Inline;>   <!-- fixed pitch font -->
+<!ATTLIST tt %attrs;>
+
+<!ELEMENT i %Inline;>   <!-- italic font -->
+<!ATTLIST i %attrs;>
+
+<!ELEMENT b %Inline;>   <!-- bold font -->
+<!ATTLIST b %attrs;>
+
+<!ELEMENT big %Inline;>   <!-- bigger font -->
+<!ATTLIST big %attrs;>
+
+<!ELEMENT small %Inline;>   <!-- smaller font -->
+<!ATTLIST small %attrs;>
+
+<!ELEMENT u %Inline;>   <!-- underline -->
+<!ATTLIST u %attrs;>
+
+<!ELEMENT s %Inline;>   <!-- strike-through -->
+<!ATTLIST s %attrs;>
+
+<!ELEMENT strike %Inline;>   <!-- strike-through -->
+<!ATTLIST strike %attrs;>
+
+<!ELEMENT basefont EMPTY>  <!-- base font size -->
+<!ATTLIST basefont
+  id          ID             #IMPLIED
+  size        CDATA          #REQUIRED
+  color       %Color;        #IMPLIED
+  face        CDATA          #IMPLIED
+  >
+
+<!ELEMENT font %Inline;> <!-- local change to font -->
+<!ATTLIST font
+  %coreattrs;
+  %i18n;
+  size        CDATA          #IMPLIED
+  color       %Color;        #IMPLIED
+  face        CDATA          #IMPLIED
+  >
+
+<!--==================== Object ======================================-->
+<!--
+  object is used to embed objects as part of HTML pages.
+  param elements should precede other content. Parameters
+  can also be expressed as attribute/value pairs on the
+  object element itself when brevity is desired.
+-->
+
+<!ELEMENT object (#PCDATA | param | %block; | form |%inline; | %misc;)*>
+<!ATTLIST object
+  %attrs;
+  declare     (declare)      #IMPLIED
+  classid     %URI;          #IMPLIED
+  codebase    %URI;          #IMPLIED
+  data        %URI;          #IMPLIED
+  type        %ContentType;  #IMPLIED
+  codetype    %ContentType;  #IMPLIED
+  archive     %UriList;      #IMPLIED
+  standby     %Text;         #IMPLIED
+  height      %Length;       #IMPLIED
+  width       %Length;       #IMPLIED
+  usemap      %URI;          #IMPLIED
+  name        NMTOKEN        #IMPLIED
+  tabindex    %Number;       #IMPLIED
+  align       %ImgAlign;     #IMPLIED
+  border      %Pixels;       #IMPLIED
+  hspace      %Pixels;       #IMPLIED
+  vspace      %Pixels;       #IMPLIED
+  >
+
+<!--
+  param is used to supply a named property value.
+  In XML it would seem natural to follow RDF and support an
+  abbreviated syntax where the param elements are replaced
+  by attribute value pairs on the object start tag.
+-->
+<!ELEMENT param EMPTY>
+<!ATTLIST param
+  id          ID             #IMPLIED
+  name        CDATA          #REQUIRED
+  value       CDATA          #IMPLIED
+  valuetype   (data|ref|object) "data"
+  type        %ContentType;  #IMPLIED
+  >
+
+<!--=================== Java applet ==================================-->
+<!--
+  One of code or object attributes must be present.
+  Place param elements before other content.
+-->
+<!ELEMENT applet (#PCDATA | param | %block; | form | %inline; | %misc;)*>
+<!ATTLIST applet
+  %coreattrs;
+  codebase    %URI;          #IMPLIED
+  archive     CDATA          #IMPLIED
+  code        CDATA          #IMPLIED
+  object      CDATA          #IMPLIED
+  alt         %Text;         #IMPLIED
+  name        NMTOKEN        #IMPLIED
+  width       %Length;       #REQUIRED
+  height      %Length;       #REQUIRED
+  align       %ImgAlign;     #IMPLIED
+  hspace      %Pixels;       #IMPLIED
+  vspace      %Pixels;       #IMPLIED
+  >
+
+<!--=================== Images ===========================================-->
+
+<!--
+   To avoid accessibility problems for people who aren't
+   able to see the image, you should provide a text
+   description using the alt and longdesc attributes.
+   In addition, avoid the use of server-side image maps.
+-->
+
+<!ELEMENT img EMPTY>
+<!ATTLIST img
+  %attrs;
+  src         %URI;          #REQUIRED
+  alt         %Text;         #REQUIRED
+  name        NMTOKEN        #IMPLIED
+  longdesc    %URI;          #IMPLIED
+  height      %Length;       #IMPLIED
+  width       %Length;       #IMPLIED
+  usemap      %URI;          #IMPLIED
+  ismap       (ismap)        #IMPLIED
+  align       %ImgAlign;     #IMPLIED
+  border      %Pixels;       #IMPLIED
+  hspace      %Pixels;       #IMPLIED
+  vspace      %Pixels;       #IMPLIED
+  >
+
+<!-- usemap points to a map element which may be in this document
+  or an external document, although the latter is not widely supported -->
+
+<!--================== Client-side image maps ============================-->
+
+<!-- These can be placed in the same document or grouped in a
+     separate document although this isn't yet widely supported -->
+
+<!ELEMENT map ((%block; | form | %misc;)+ | area+)>
+<!ATTLIST map
+  %i18n;
+  %events;
+  id          ID             #REQUIRED
+  class       CDATA          #IMPLIED
+  style       %StyleSheet;   #IMPLIED
+  title       %Text;         #IMPLIED
+  name        NMTOKEN        #IMPLIED
+  >
+
+<!ELEMENT area EMPTY>
+<!ATTLIST area
+  %attrs;
+  %focus;
+  shape       %Shape;        "rect"
+  coords      %Coords;       #IMPLIED
+  href        %URI;          #IMPLIED
+  nohref      (nohref)       #IMPLIED
+  alt         %Text;         #REQUIRED
+  target      %FrameTarget;  #IMPLIED
+  >
+
+<!--================ Forms ===============================================-->
+
+<!ELEMENT form %form.content;>   <!-- forms shouldn't be nested -->
+
+<!ATTLIST form
+  %attrs;
+  action      %URI;          #REQUIRED
+  method      (get|post)     "get"
+  name        NMTOKEN        #IMPLIED
+  enctype     %ContentType;  "application/x-www-form-urlencoded"
+  onsubmit    %Script;       #IMPLIED
+  onreset     %Script;       #IMPLIED
+  accept      %ContentTypes; #IMPLIED
+  accept-charset %Charsets;  #IMPLIED
+  target      %FrameTarget;  #IMPLIED
+  >
+
+<!--
+  Each label must not contain more than ONE field
+  Label elements shouldn't be nested.
+-->
+<!ELEMENT label %Inline;>
+<!ATTLIST label
+  %attrs;
+  for         IDREF          #IMPLIED
+  accesskey   %Character;    #IMPLIED
+  onfocus     %Script;       #IMPLIED
+  onblur      %Script;       #IMPLIED
+  >
+
+<!ENTITY % InputType
+  "(text | password | checkbox |
+    radio | submit | reset |
+    file | hidden | image | button)"
+   >
+
+<!-- the name attribute is required for all but submit & reset -->
+
+<!ELEMENT input EMPTY>     <!-- form control -->
+<!ATTLIST input
+  %attrs;
+  %focus;
+  type        %InputType;    "text"
+  name        CDATA          #IMPLIED
+  value       CDATA          #IMPLIED
+  checked     (checked)      #IMPLIED
+  disabled    (disabled)     #IMPLIED
+  readonly    (readonly)     #IMPLIED
+  size        CDATA          #IMPLIED
+  maxlength   %Number;       #IMPLIED
+  src         %URI;          #IMPLIED
+  alt         CDATA          #IMPLIED
+  usemap      %URI;          #IMPLIED
+  onselect    %Script;       #IMPLIED
+  onchange    %Script;       #IMPLIED
+  accept      %ContentTypes; #IMPLIED
+  align       %ImgAlign;     #IMPLIED
+  >
+
+<!ELEMENT select (optgroup|option)+>  <!-- option selector -->
+<!ATTLIST select
+  %attrs;
+  name        CDATA          #IMPLIED
+  size        %Number;       #IMPLIED
+  multiple    (multiple)     #IMPLIED
+  disabled    (disabled)     #IMPLIED
+  tabindex    %Number;       #IMPLIED
+  onfocus     %Script;       #IMPLIED
+  onblur      %Script;       #IMPLIED
+  onchange    %Script;       #IMPLIED
+  >
+
+<!ELEMENT optgroup (option)+>   <!-- option group -->
+<!ATTLIST optgroup
+  %attrs;
+  disabled    (disabled)     #IMPLIED
+  label       %Text;         #REQUIRED
+  >
+
+<!ELEMENT option (#PCDATA)>     <!-- selectable choice -->
+<!ATTLIST option
+  %attrs;
+  selected    (selected)     #IMPLIED
+  disabled    (disabled)     #IMPLIED
+  label       %Text;         #IMPLIED
+  value       CDATA          #IMPLIED
+  >
+
+<!ELEMENT textarea (#PCDATA)>     <!-- multi-line text field -->
+<!ATTLIST textarea
+  %attrs;
+  %focus;
+  name        CDATA          #IMPLIED
+  rows        %Number;       #REQUIRED
+  cols        %Number;       #REQUIRED
+  disabled    (disabled)     #IMPLIED
+  readonly    (readonly)     #IMPLIED
+  onselect    %Script;       #IMPLIED
+  onchange    %Script;       #IMPLIED
+  >
+
+<!--
+  The fieldset element is used to group form fields.
+  Only one legend element should occur in the content
+  and if present should only be preceded by whitespace.
+-->
+<!ELEMENT fieldset (#PCDATA | legend | %block; | form | %inline; | %misc;)*>
+<!ATTLIST fieldset
+  %attrs;
+  >
+
+<!ENTITY % LAlign "(top|bottom|left|right)">
+
+<!ELEMENT legend %Inline;>     <!-- fieldset label -->
+<!ATTLIST legend
+  %attrs;
+  accesskey   %Character;    #IMPLIED
+  align       %LAlign;       #IMPLIED
+  >
+
+<!--
+ Content is %Flow; excluding a, form, form controls, iframe
+--> 
+<!ELEMENT button %button.content;>  <!-- push button -->
+<!ATTLIST button
+  %attrs;
+  %focus;
+  name        CDATA          #IMPLIED
+  value       CDATA          #IMPLIED
+  type        (button|submit|reset) "submit"
+  disabled    (disabled)     #IMPLIED
+  >
+
+<!-- single-line text input control (DEPRECATED) -->
+<!ELEMENT isindex EMPTY>
+<!ATTLIST isindex
+  %coreattrs;
+  %i18n;
+  prompt      %Text;         #IMPLIED
+  >
+
+<!--======================= Tables =======================================-->
+
+<!-- Derived from IETF HTML table standard, see [RFC1942] -->
+
+<!--
+ The border attribute sets the thickness of the frame around the
+ table. The default units are screen pixels.
+
+ The frame attribute specifies which parts of the frame around
+ the table should be rendered. The values are not the same as
+ CALS to avoid a name clash with the valign attribute.
+-->
+<!ENTITY % TFrame "(void|above|below|hsides|lhs|rhs|vsides|box|border)">
+
+<!--
+ The rules attribute defines which rules to draw between cells:
+
+ If rules is absent then assume:
+     "none" if border is absent or border="0" otherwise "all"
+-->
+
+<!ENTITY % TRules "(none | groups | rows | cols | all)">
+  
+<!-- horizontal placement of table relative to document -->
+<!ENTITY % TAlign "(left|center|right)">
+
+<!-- horizontal alignment attributes for cell contents
+
+  char        alignment char, e.g. char=":"
+  charoff     offset for alignment char
+-->
+<!ENTITY % cellhalign
+  "align      (left|center|right|justify|char) #IMPLIED
+   char       %Character;    #IMPLIED
+   charoff    %Length;       #IMPLIED"
+  >
+
+<!-- vertical alignment attributes for cell contents -->
+<!ENTITY % cellvalign
+  "valign     (top|middle|bottom|baseline) #IMPLIED"
+  >
+
+<!ELEMENT table
+     (caption?, (col*|colgroup*), thead?, tfoot?, (tbody+|tr+))>
+<!ELEMENT caption  %Inline;>
+<!ELEMENT thead    (tr)+>
+<!ELEMENT tfoot    (tr)+>
+<!ELEMENT tbody    (tr)+>
+<!ELEMENT colgroup (col)*>
+<!ELEMENT col      EMPTY>
+<!ELEMENT tr       (th|td)+>
+<!ELEMENT th       %Flow;>
+<!ELEMENT td       %Flow;>
+
+<!ATTLIST table
+  %attrs;
+  summary     %Text;         #IMPLIED
+  width       %Length;       #IMPLIED
+  border      %Pixels;       #IMPLIED
+  frame       %TFrame;       #IMPLIED
+  rules       %TRules;       #IMPLIED
+  cellspacing %Length;       #IMPLIED
+  cellpadding %Length;       #IMPLIED
+  align       %TAlign;       #IMPLIED
+  bgcolor     %Color;        #IMPLIED
+  >
+
+<!ENTITY % CAlign "(top|bottom|left|right)">
+
+<!ATTLIST caption
+  %attrs;
+  align       %CAlign;       #IMPLIED
+  >
+
+<!--
+colgroup groups a set of col elements. It allows you to group
+several semantically related columns together.
+-->
+<!ATTLIST colgroup
+  %attrs;
+  span        %Number;       "1"
+  width       %MultiLength;  #IMPLIED
+  %cellhalign;
+  %cellvalign;
+  >
+
+<!--
+ col elements define the alignment properties for cells in
+ one or more columns.
+
+ The width attribute specifies the width of the columns, e.g.
+
+     width=64        width in screen pixels
+     width=0.5*      relative width of 0.5
+
+ The span attribute causes the attributes of one
+ col element to apply to more than one column.
+-->
+<!ATTLIST col
+  %attrs;
+  span        %Number;       "1"
+  width       %MultiLength;  #IMPLIED
+  %cellhalign;
+  %cellvalign;
+  >
+
+<!--
+    Use thead to duplicate headers when breaking table
+    across page boundaries, or for static headers when
+    tbody sections are rendered in scrolling panel.
+
+    Use tfoot to duplicate footers when breaking table
+    across page boundaries, or for static footers when
+    tbody sections are rendered in scrolling panel.
+
+    Use multiple tbody sections when rules are needed
+    between groups of table rows.
+-->
+<!ATTLIST thead
+  %attrs;
+  %cellhalign;
+  %cellvalign;
+  >
+
+<!ATTLIST tfoot
+  %attrs;
+  %cellhalign;
+  %cellvalign;
+  >
+
+<!ATTLIST tbody
+  %attrs;
+  %cellhalign;
+  %cellvalign;
+  >
+
+<!ATTLIST tr
+  %attrs;
+  %cellhalign;
+  %cellvalign;
+  bgcolor     %Color;        #IMPLIED
+  >
+
+<!-- Scope is simpler than headers attribute for common tables -->
+<!ENTITY % Scope "(row|col|rowgroup|colgroup)">
+
+<!-- th is for headers, td for data and for cells acting as both -->
+
+<!ATTLIST th
+  %attrs;
+  abbr        %Text;         #IMPLIED
+  axis        CDATA          #IMPLIED
+  headers     IDREFS         #IMPLIED
+  scope       %Scope;        #IMPLIED
+  rowspan     %Number;       "1"
+  colspan     %Number;       "1"
+  %cellhalign;
+  %cellvalign;
+  nowrap      (nowrap)       #IMPLIED
+  bgcolor     %Color;        #IMPLIED
+  width       %Pixels;       #IMPLIED
+  height      %Pixels;       #IMPLIED
+  >
+
+<!ATTLIST td
+  %attrs;
+  abbr        %Text;         #IMPLIED
+  axis        CDATA          #IMPLIED
+  headers     IDREFS         #IMPLIED
+  scope       %Scope;        #IMPLIED
+  rowspan     %Number;       "1"
+  colspan     %Number;       "1"
+  %cellhalign;
+  %cellvalign;
+  nowrap      (nowrap)       #IMPLIED
+  bgcolor     %Color;        #IMPLIED
+  width       %Pixels;       #IMPLIED
+  height      %Pixels;       #IMPLIED
+  >
+
+
+
+ + +

A.2. Entity Sets

+ +

The XHTML entity sets are the same as for HTML 4, but have been modified to be valid XML 1.0 entity declarations. Note the entity for the Euro currency sign (&euro; or +&#8364; or &#x20AC;) is defined as part of the special characters.

+ +

A.2.1. Latin-1 characters

+ +

The file DTD/xhtml-lat1.ent is a normative part of this specification. Its annotated contents are included here for completeness.

+ + +
+<!-- Portions (C) International Organization for Standardization 1986
+     Permission to copy in any form is granted for use with
+     conforming SGML systems and applications as defined in
+     ISO 8879, provided this notice is included in all copies.
+-->
+<!-- Character entity set. Typical invocation:
+    <!ENTITY % HTMLlat1 PUBLIC
+       "-//W3C//ENTITIES Latin 1 for XHTML//EN"
+       "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml-lat1.ent">
+    %HTMLlat1;
+-->
+
+<!ENTITY nbsp   "&#160;"> <!-- no-break space = non-breaking space,
+                                  U+00A0 ISOnum -->
+<!ENTITY iexcl  "&#161;"> <!-- inverted exclamation mark, U+00A1 ISOnum -->
+<!ENTITY cent   "&#162;"> <!-- cent sign, U+00A2 ISOnum -->
+<!ENTITY pound  "&#163;"> <!-- pound sign, U+00A3 ISOnum -->
+<!ENTITY curren "&#164;"> <!-- currency sign, U+00A4 ISOnum -->
+<!ENTITY yen    "&#165;"> <!-- yen sign = yuan sign, U+00A5 ISOnum -->
+<!ENTITY brvbar "&#166;"> <!-- broken bar = broken vertical bar,
+                                  U+00A6 ISOnum -->
+<!ENTITY sect   "&#167;"> <!-- section sign, U+00A7 ISOnum -->
+<!ENTITY uml    "&#168;"> <!-- diaeresis = spacing diaeresis,
+                                  U+00A8 ISOdia -->
+<!ENTITY copy   "&#169;"> <!-- copyright sign, U+00A9 ISOnum -->
+<!ENTITY ordf   "&#170;"> <!-- feminine ordinal indicator, U+00AA ISOnum -->
+<!ENTITY laquo  "&#171;"> <!-- left-pointing double angle quotation mark
+                                  = left pointing guillemet, U+00AB ISOnum -->
+<!ENTITY not    "&#172;"> <!-- not sign = angled dash,
+                                  U+00AC ISOnum -->
+<!ENTITY shy    "&#173;"> <!-- soft hyphen = discretionary hyphen,
+                                  U+00AD ISOnum -->
+<!ENTITY reg    "&#174;"> <!-- registered sign = registered trade mark sign,
+                                  U+00AE ISOnum -->
+<!ENTITY macr   "&#175;"> <!-- macron = spacing macron = overline
+                                  = APL overbar, U+00AF ISOdia -->
+<!ENTITY deg    "&#176;"> <!-- degree sign, U+00B0 ISOnum -->
+<!ENTITY plusmn "&#177;"> <!-- plus-minus sign = plus-or-minus sign,
+                                  U+00B1 ISOnum -->
+<!ENTITY sup2   "&#178;"> <!-- superscript two = superscript digit two
+                                  = squared, U+00B2 ISOnum -->
+<!ENTITY sup3   "&#179;"> <!-- superscript three = superscript digit three
+                                  = cubed, U+00B3 ISOnum -->
+<!ENTITY acute  "&#180;"> <!-- acute accent = spacing acute,
+                                  U+00B4 ISOdia -->
+<!ENTITY micro  "&#181;"> <!-- micro sign, U+00B5 ISOnum -->
+<!ENTITY para   "&#182;"> <!-- pilcrow sign = paragraph sign,
+                                  U+00B6 ISOnum -->
+<!ENTITY middot "&#183;"> <!-- middle dot = Georgian comma
+                                  = Greek middle dot, U+00B7 ISOnum -->
+<!ENTITY cedil  "&#184;"> <!-- cedilla = spacing cedilla, U+00B8 ISOdia -->
+<!ENTITY sup1   "&#185;"> <!-- superscript one = superscript digit one,
+                                  U+00B9 ISOnum -->
+<!ENTITY ordm   "&#186;"> <!-- masculine ordinal indicator,
+                                  U+00BA ISOnum -->
+<!ENTITY raquo  "&#187;"> <!-- right-pointing double angle quotation mark
+                                  = right pointing guillemet, U+00BB ISOnum -->
+<!ENTITY frac14 "&#188;"> <!-- vulgar fraction one quarter
+                                  = fraction one quarter, U+00BC ISOnum -->
+<!ENTITY frac12 "&#189;"> <!-- vulgar fraction one half
+                                  = fraction one half, U+00BD ISOnum -->
+<!ENTITY frac34 "&#190;"> <!-- vulgar fraction three quarters
+                                  = fraction three quarters, U+00BE ISOnum -->
+<!ENTITY iquest "&#191;"> <!-- inverted question mark
+                                  = turned question mark, U+00BF ISOnum -->
+<!ENTITY Agrave "&#192;"> <!-- latin capital letter A with grave
+                                  = latin capital letter A grave,
+                                  U+00C0 ISOlat1 -->
+<!ENTITY Aacute "&#193;"> <!-- latin capital letter A with acute,
+                                  U+00C1 ISOlat1 -->
+<!ENTITY Acirc  "&#194;"> <!-- latin capital letter A with circumflex,
+                                  U+00C2 ISOlat1 -->
+<!ENTITY Atilde "&#195;"> <!-- latin capital letter A with tilde,
+                                  U+00C3 ISOlat1 -->
+<!ENTITY Auml   "&#196;"> <!-- latin capital letter A with diaeresis,
+                                  U+00C4 ISOlat1 -->
+<!ENTITY Aring  "&#197;"> <!-- latin capital letter A with ring above
+                                  = latin capital letter A ring,
+                                  U+00C5 ISOlat1 -->
+<!ENTITY AElig  "&#198;"> <!-- latin capital letter AE
+                                  = latin capital ligature AE,
+                                  U+00C6 ISOlat1 -->
+<!ENTITY Ccedil "&#199;"> <!-- latin capital letter C with cedilla,
+                                  U+00C7 ISOlat1 -->
+<!ENTITY Egrave "&#200;"> <!-- latin capital letter E with grave,
+                                  U+00C8 ISOlat1 -->
+<!ENTITY Eacute "&#201;"> <!-- latin capital letter E with acute,
+                                  U+00C9 ISOlat1 -->
+<!ENTITY Ecirc  "&#202;"> <!-- latin capital letter E with circumflex,
+                                  U+00CA ISOlat1 -->
+<!ENTITY Euml   "&#203;"> <!-- latin capital letter E with diaeresis,
+                                  U+00CB ISOlat1 -->
+<!ENTITY Igrave "&#204;"> <!-- latin capital letter I with grave,
+                                  U+00CC ISOlat1 -->
+<!ENTITY Iacute "&#205;"> <!-- latin capital letter I with acute,
+                                  U+00CD ISOlat1 -->
+<!ENTITY Icirc  "&#206;"> <!-- latin capital letter I with circumflex,
+                                  U+00CE ISOlat1 -->
+<!ENTITY Iuml   "&#207;"> <!-- latin capital letter I with diaeresis,
+                                  U+00CF ISOlat1 -->
+<!ENTITY ETH    "&#208;"> <!-- latin capital letter ETH, U+00D0 ISOlat1 -->
+<!ENTITY Ntilde "&#209;"> <!-- latin capital letter N with tilde,
+                                  U+00D1 ISOlat1 -->
+<!ENTITY Ograve "&#210;"> <!-- latin capital letter O with grave,
+                                  U+00D2 ISOlat1 -->
+<!ENTITY Oacute "&#211;"> <!-- latin capital letter O with acute,
+                                  U+00D3 ISOlat1 -->
+<!ENTITY Ocirc  "&#212;"> <!-- latin capital letter O with circumflex,
+                                  U+00D4 ISOlat1 -->
+<!ENTITY Otilde "&#213;"> <!-- latin capital letter O with tilde,
+                                  U+00D5 ISOlat1 -->
+<!ENTITY Ouml   "&#214;"> <!-- latin capital letter O with diaeresis,
+                                  U+00D6 ISOlat1 -->
+<!ENTITY times  "&#215;"> <!-- multiplication sign, U+00D7 ISOnum -->
+<!ENTITY Oslash "&#216;"> <!-- latin capital letter O with stroke
+                                  = latin capital letter O slash,
+                                  U+00D8 ISOlat1 -->
+<!ENTITY Ugrave "&#217;"> <!-- latin capital letter U with grave,
+                                  U+00D9 ISOlat1 -->
+<!ENTITY Uacute "&#218;"> <!-- latin capital letter U with acute,
+                                  U+00DA ISOlat1 -->
+<!ENTITY Ucirc  "&#219;"> <!-- latin capital letter U with circumflex,
+                                  U+00DB ISOlat1 -->
+<!ENTITY Uuml   "&#220;"> <!-- latin capital letter U with diaeresis,
+                                  U+00DC ISOlat1 -->
+<!ENTITY Yacute "&#221;"> <!-- latin capital letter Y with acute,
+                                  U+00DD ISOlat1 -->
+<!ENTITY THORN  "&#222;"> <!-- latin capital letter THORN,
+                                  U+00DE ISOlat1 -->
+<!ENTITY szlig  "&#223;"> <!-- latin small letter sharp s = ess-zed,
+                                  U+00DF ISOlat1 -->
+<!ENTITY agrave "&#224;"> <!-- latin small letter a with grave
+                                  = latin small letter a grave,
+                                  U+00E0 ISOlat1 -->
+<!ENTITY aacute "&#225;"> <!-- latin small letter a with acute,
+                                  U+00E1 ISOlat1 -->
+<!ENTITY acirc  "&#226;"> <!-- latin small letter a with circumflex,
+                                  U+00E2 ISOlat1 -->
+<!ENTITY atilde "&#227;"> <!-- latin small letter a with tilde,
+                                  U+00E3 ISOlat1 -->
+<!ENTITY auml   "&#228;"> <!-- latin small letter a with diaeresis,
+                                  U+00E4 ISOlat1 -->
+<!ENTITY aring  "&#229;"> <!-- latin small letter a with ring above
+                                  = latin small letter a ring,
+                                  U+00E5 ISOlat1 -->
+<!ENTITY aelig  "&#230;"> <!-- latin small letter ae
+                                  = latin small ligature ae, U+00E6 ISOlat1 -->
+<!ENTITY ccedil "&#231;"> <!-- latin small letter c with cedilla,
+                                  U+00E7 ISOlat1 -->
+<!ENTITY egrave "&#232;"> <!-- latin small letter e with grave,
+                                  U+00E8 ISOlat1 -->
+<!ENTITY eacute "&#233;"> <!-- latin small letter e with acute,
+                                  U+00E9 ISOlat1 -->
+<!ENTITY ecirc  "&#234;"> <!-- latin small letter e with circumflex,
+                                  U+00EA ISOlat1 -->
+<!ENTITY euml   "&#235;"> <!-- latin small letter e with diaeresis,
+                                  U+00EB ISOlat1 -->
+<!ENTITY igrave "&#236;"> <!-- latin small letter i with grave,
+                                  U+00EC ISOlat1 -->
+<!ENTITY iacute "&#237;"> <!-- latin small letter i with acute,
+                                  U+00ED ISOlat1 -->
+<!ENTITY icirc  "&#238;"> <!-- latin small letter i with circumflex,
+                                  U+00EE ISOlat1 -->
+<!ENTITY iuml   "&#239;"> <!-- latin small letter i with diaeresis,
+                                  U+00EF ISOlat1 -->
+<!ENTITY eth    "&#240;"> <!-- latin small letter eth, U+00F0 ISOlat1 -->
+<!ENTITY ntilde "&#241;"> <!-- latin small letter n with tilde,
+                                  U+00F1 ISOlat1 -->
+<!ENTITY ograve "&#242;"> <!-- latin small letter o with grave,
+                                  U+00F2 ISOlat1 -->
+<!ENTITY oacute "&#243;"> <!-- latin small letter o with acute,
+                                  U+00F3 ISOlat1 -->
+<!ENTITY ocirc  "&#244;"> <!-- latin small letter o with circumflex,
+                                  U+00F4 ISOlat1 -->
+<!ENTITY otilde "&#245;"> <!-- latin small letter o with tilde,
+                                  U+00F5 ISOlat1 -->
+<!ENTITY ouml   "&#246;"> <!-- latin small letter o with diaeresis,
+                                  U+00F6 ISOlat1 -->
+<!ENTITY divide "&#247;"> <!-- division sign, U+00F7 ISOnum -->
+<!ENTITY oslash "&#248;"> <!-- latin small letter o with stroke,
+                                  = latin small letter o slash,
+                                  U+00F8 ISOlat1 -->
+<!ENTITY ugrave "&#249;"> <!-- latin small letter u with grave,
+                                  U+00F9 ISOlat1 -->
+<!ENTITY uacute "&#250;"> <!-- latin small letter u with acute,
+                                  U+00FA ISOlat1 -->
+<!ENTITY ucirc  "&#251;"> <!-- latin small letter u with circumflex,
+                                  U+00FB ISOlat1 -->
+<!ENTITY uuml   "&#252;"> <!-- latin small letter u with diaeresis,
+                                  U+00FC ISOlat1 -->
+<!ENTITY yacute "&#253;"> <!-- latin small letter y with acute,
+                                  U+00FD ISOlat1 -->
+<!ENTITY thorn  "&#254;"> <!-- latin small letter thorn,
+                                  U+00FE ISOlat1 -->
+<!ENTITY yuml   "&#255;"> <!-- latin small letter y with diaeresis,
+                                  U+00FF ISOlat1 -->
+
+
+ + +

A.2.2. Special characters

+ +

The file DTD/xhtml-special.ent is a normative part of this specification. Its annotated contents are included here for completeness.

+ + +
+<!-- Special characters for XHTML -->
+
+<!-- Character entity set. Typical invocation:
+     <!ENTITY % HTMLspecial PUBLIC
+        "-//W3C//ENTITIES Special for XHTML//EN"
+        "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml-special.ent">
+     %HTMLspecial;
+-->
+
+<!-- Portions (C) International Organization for Standardization 1986:
+     Permission to copy in any form is granted for use with
+     conforming SGML systems and applications as defined in
+     ISO 8879, provided this notice is included in all copies.
+-->
+
+<!-- Relevant ISO entity set is given unless names are newly introduced.
+     New names (i.e., not in ISO 8879 list) do not clash with any
+     existing ISO 8879 entity names. ISO 10646 character numbers
+     are given for each character, in hex. values are decimal
+     conversions of the ISO 10646 values and refer to the document
+     character set. Names are Unicode names. 
+-->
+
+<!-- C0 Controls and Basic Latin -->
+<!ENTITY quot    "&#34;"> <!--  quotation mark, U+0022 ISOnum -->
+<!ENTITY amp     "&#38;#38;"> <!--  ampersand, U+0026 ISOnum -->
+<!ENTITY lt      "&#38;#60;"> <!--  less-than sign, U+003C ISOnum -->
+<!ENTITY gt      "&#62;"> <!--  greater-than sign, U+003E ISOnum -->
+<!ENTITY apos     "&#39;"> <!--  apostrophe = APL quote, U+0027 ISOnum -->
+
+<!-- Latin Extended-A -->
+<!ENTITY OElig   "&#338;"> <!--  latin capital ligature OE,
+                                    U+0152 ISOlat2 -->
+<!ENTITY oelig   "&#339;"> <!--  latin small ligature oe, U+0153 ISOlat2 -->
+<!-- ligature is a misnomer, this is a separate character in some languages -->
+<!ENTITY Scaron  "&#352;"> <!--  latin capital letter S with caron,
+                                    U+0160 ISOlat2 -->
+<!ENTITY scaron  "&#353;"> <!--  latin small letter s with caron,
+                                    U+0161 ISOlat2 -->
+<!ENTITY Yuml    "&#376;"> <!--  latin capital letter Y with diaeresis,
+                                    U+0178 ISOlat2 -->
+
+<!-- Spacing Modifier Letters -->
+<!ENTITY circ    "&#710;"> <!--  modifier letter circumflex accent,
+                                    U+02C6 ISOpub -->
+<!ENTITY tilde   "&#732;"> <!--  small tilde, U+02DC ISOdia -->
+
+<!-- General Punctuation -->
+<!ENTITY ensp    "&#8194;"> <!-- en space, U+2002 ISOpub -->
+<!ENTITY emsp    "&#8195;"> <!-- em space, U+2003 ISOpub -->
+<!ENTITY thinsp  "&#8201;"> <!-- thin space, U+2009 ISOpub -->
+<!ENTITY zwnj    "&#8204;"> <!-- zero width non-joiner,
+                                    U+200C NEW RFC 2070 -->
+<!ENTITY zwj     "&#8205;"> <!-- zero width joiner, U+200D NEW RFC 2070 -->
+<!ENTITY lrm     "&#8206;"> <!-- left-to-right mark, U+200E NEW RFC 2070 -->
+<!ENTITY rlm     "&#8207;"> <!-- right-to-left mark, U+200F NEW RFC 2070 -->
+<!ENTITY ndash   "&#8211;"> <!-- en dash, U+2013 ISOpub -->
+<!ENTITY mdash   "&#8212;"> <!-- em dash, U+2014 ISOpub -->
+<!ENTITY lsquo   "&#8216;"> <!-- left single quotation mark,
+                                    U+2018 ISOnum -->
+<!ENTITY rsquo   "&#8217;"> <!-- right single quotation mark,
+                                    U+2019 ISOnum -->
+<!ENTITY sbquo   "&#8218;"> <!-- single low-9 quotation mark, U+201A NEW -->
+<!ENTITY ldquo   "&#8220;"> <!-- left double quotation mark,
+                                    U+201C ISOnum -->
+<!ENTITY rdquo   "&#8221;"> <!-- right double quotation mark,
+                                    U+201D ISOnum -->
+<!ENTITY bdquo   "&#8222;"> <!-- double low-9 quotation mark, U+201E NEW -->
+<!ENTITY dagger  "&#8224;"> <!-- dagger, U+2020 ISOpub -->
+<!ENTITY Dagger  "&#8225;"> <!-- double dagger, U+2021 ISOpub -->
+<!ENTITY permil  "&#8240;"> <!-- per mille sign, U+2030 ISOtech -->
+<!ENTITY lsaquo  "&#8249;"> <!-- single left-pointing angle quotation mark,
+                                    U+2039 ISO proposed -->
+<!-- lsaquo is proposed but not yet ISO standardized -->
+<!ENTITY rsaquo  "&#8250;"> <!-- single right-pointing angle quotation mark,
+                                    U+203A ISO proposed -->
+<!-- rsaquo is proposed but not yet ISO standardized -->
+
+<!-- Currency Symbols -->
+<!ENTITY euro   "&#8364;"> <!--  euro sign, U+20AC NEW -->
+
+
+ + +

A.2.3. Symbols

+ +

The file DTD/xhtml-symbol.ent is a normative part of this specification. Its annotated contents are included here for completeness.

+ + +
+<!-- Mathematical, Greek and Symbolic characters for XHTML -->
+
+<!-- Character entity set. Typical invocation:
+     <!ENTITY % HTMLsymbol PUBLIC
+        "-//W3C//ENTITIES Symbols for XHTML//EN"
+        "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml-symbol.ent">
+     %HTMLsymbol;
+-->
+
+<!-- Portions (C) International Organization for Standardization 1986:
+     Permission to copy in any form is granted for use with
+     conforming SGML systems and applications as defined in
+     ISO 8879, provided this notice is included in all copies.
+-->
+
+<!-- Relevant ISO entity set is given unless names are newly introduced.
+     New names (i.e., not in ISO 8879 list) do not clash with any
+     existing ISO 8879 entity names. ISO 10646 character numbers
+     are given for each character, in hex. values are decimal
+     conversions of the ISO 10646 values and refer to the document
+     character set. Names are Unicode names. 
+-->
+
+<!-- Latin Extended-B -->
+<!ENTITY fnof     "&#402;"> <!-- latin small letter f with hook = function
+                                    = florin, U+0192 ISOtech -->
+
+<!-- Greek -->
+<!ENTITY Alpha    "&#913;"> <!-- greek capital letter alpha, U+0391 -->
+<!ENTITY Beta     "&#914;"> <!-- greek capital letter beta, U+0392 -->
+<!ENTITY Gamma    "&#915;"> <!-- greek capital letter gamma,
+                                    U+0393 ISOgrk3 -->
+<!ENTITY Delta    "&#916;"> <!-- greek capital letter delta,
+                                    U+0394 ISOgrk3 -->
+<!ENTITY Epsilon  "&#917;"> <!-- greek capital letter epsilon, U+0395 -->
+<!ENTITY Zeta     "&#918;"> <!-- greek capital letter zeta, U+0396 -->
+<!ENTITY Eta      "&#919;"> <!-- greek capital letter eta, U+0397 -->
+<!ENTITY Theta    "&#920;"> <!-- greek capital letter theta,
+                                    U+0398 ISOgrk3 -->
+<!ENTITY Iota     "&#921;"> <!-- greek capital letter iota, U+0399 -->
+<!ENTITY Kappa    "&#922;"> <!-- greek capital letter kappa, U+039A -->
+<!ENTITY Lambda   "&#923;"> <!-- greek capital letter lamda,
+                                    U+039B ISOgrk3 -->
+<!ENTITY Mu       "&#924;"> <!-- greek capital letter mu, U+039C -->
+<!ENTITY Nu       "&#925;"> <!-- greek capital letter nu, U+039D -->
+<!ENTITY Xi       "&#926;"> <!-- greek capital letter xi, U+039E ISOgrk3 -->
+<!ENTITY Omicron  "&#927;"> <!-- greek capital letter omicron, U+039F -->
+<!ENTITY Pi       "&#928;"> <!-- greek capital letter pi, U+03A0 ISOgrk3 -->
+<!ENTITY Rho      "&#929;"> <!-- greek capital letter rho, U+03A1 -->
+<!-- there is no Sigmaf, and no U+03A2 character either -->
+<!ENTITY Sigma    "&#931;"> <!-- greek capital letter sigma,
+                                    U+03A3 ISOgrk3 -->
+<!ENTITY Tau      "&#932;"> <!-- greek capital letter tau, U+03A4 -->
+<!ENTITY Upsilon  "&#933;"> <!-- greek capital letter upsilon,
+                                    U+03A5 ISOgrk3 -->
+<!ENTITY Phi      "&#934;"> <!-- greek capital letter phi,
+                                    U+03A6 ISOgrk3 -->
+<!ENTITY Chi      "&#935;"> <!-- greek capital letter chi, U+03A7 -->
+<!ENTITY Psi      "&#936;"> <!-- greek capital letter psi,
+                                    U+03A8 ISOgrk3 -->
+<!ENTITY Omega    "&#937;"> <!-- greek capital letter omega,
+                                    U+03A9 ISOgrk3 -->
+
+<!ENTITY alpha    "&#945;"> <!-- greek small letter alpha,
+                                    U+03B1 ISOgrk3 -->
+<!ENTITY beta     "&#946;"> <!-- greek small letter beta, U+03B2 ISOgrk3 -->
+<!ENTITY gamma    "&#947;"> <!-- greek small letter gamma,
+                                    U+03B3 ISOgrk3 -->
+<!ENTITY delta    "&#948;"> <!-- greek small letter delta,
+                                    U+03B4 ISOgrk3 -->
+<!ENTITY epsilon  "&#949;"> <!-- greek small letter epsilon,
+                                    U+03B5 ISOgrk3 -->
+<!ENTITY zeta     "&#950;"> <!-- greek small letter zeta, U+03B6 ISOgrk3 -->
+<!ENTITY eta      "&#951;"> <!-- greek small letter eta, U+03B7 ISOgrk3 -->
+<!ENTITY theta    "&#952;"> <!-- greek small letter theta,
+                                    U+03B8 ISOgrk3 -->
+<!ENTITY iota     "&#953;"> <!-- greek small letter iota, U+03B9 ISOgrk3 -->
+<!ENTITY kappa    "&#954;"> <!-- greek small letter kappa,
+                                    U+03BA ISOgrk3 -->
+<!ENTITY lambda   "&#955;"> <!-- greek small letter lamda,
+                                    U+03BB ISOgrk3 -->
+<!ENTITY mu       "&#956;"> <!-- greek small letter mu, U+03BC ISOgrk3 -->
+<!ENTITY nu       "&#957;"> <!-- greek small letter nu, U+03BD ISOgrk3 -->
+<!ENTITY xi       "&#958;"> <!-- greek small letter xi, U+03BE ISOgrk3 -->
+<!ENTITY omicron  "&#959;"> <!-- greek small letter omicron, U+03BF NEW -->
+<!ENTITY pi       "&#960;"> <!-- greek small letter pi, U+03C0 ISOgrk3 -->
+<!ENTITY rho      "&#961;"> <!-- greek small letter rho, U+03C1 ISOgrk3 -->
+<!ENTITY sigmaf   "&#962;"> <!-- greek small letter final sigma,
+                                    U+03C2 ISOgrk3 -->
+<!ENTITY sigma    "&#963;"> <!-- greek small letter sigma,
+                                    U+03C3 ISOgrk3 -->
+<!ENTITY tau      "&#964;"> <!-- greek small letter tau, U+03C4 ISOgrk3 -->
+<!ENTITY upsilon  "&#965;"> <!-- greek small letter upsilon,
+                                    U+03C5 ISOgrk3 -->
+<!ENTITY phi      "&#966;"> <!-- greek small letter phi, U+03C6 ISOgrk3 -->
+<!ENTITY chi      "&#967;"> <!-- greek small letter chi, U+03C7 ISOgrk3 -->
+<!ENTITY psi      "&#968;"> <!-- greek small letter psi, U+03C8 ISOgrk3 -->
+<!ENTITY omega    "&#969;"> <!-- greek small letter omega,
+                                    U+03C9 ISOgrk3 -->
+<!ENTITY thetasym "&#977;"> <!-- greek theta symbol,
+                                    U+03D1 NEW -->
+<!ENTITY upsih    "&#978;"> <!-- greek upsilon with hook symbol,
+                                    U+03D2 NEW -->
+<!ENTITY piv      "&#982;"> <!-- greek pi symbol, U+03D6 ISOgrk3 -->
+
+<!-- General Punctuation -->
+<!ENTITY bull     "&#8226;"> <!-- bullet = black small circle,
+                                     U+2022 ISOpub  -->
+<!-- bullet is NOT the same as bullet operator, U+2219 -->
+<!ENTITY hellip   "&#8230;"> <!-- horizontal ellipsis = three dot leader,
+                                     U+2026 ISOpub  -->
+<!ENTITY prime    "&#8242;"> <!-- prime = minutes = feet, U+2032 ISOtech -->
+<!ENTITY Prime    "&#8243;"> <!-- double prime = seconds = inches,
+                                     U+2033 ISOtech -->
+<!ENTITY oline    "&#8254;"> <!-- overline = spacing overscore,
+                                     U+203E NEW -->
+<!ENTITY frasl    "&#8260;"> <!-- fraction slash, U+2044 NEW -->
+
+<!-- Letterlike Symbols -->
+<!ENTITY weierp   "&#8472;"> <!-- script capital P = power set
+                                     = Weierstrass p, U+2118 ISOamso -->
+<!ENTITY image    "&#8465;"> <!-- black-letter capital I = imaginary part,
+                                     U+2111 ISOamso -->
+<!ENTITY real     "&#8476;"> <!-- black-letter capital R = real part symbol,
+                                     U+211C ISOamso -->
+<!ENTITY trade    "&#8482;"> <!-- trade mark sign, U+2122 ISOnum -->
+<!ENTITY alefsym  "&#8501;"> <!-- alef symbol = first transfinite cardinal,
+                                     U+2135 NEW -->
+<!-- alef symbol is NOT the same as hebrew letter alef,
+     U+05D0 although the same glyph could be used to depict both characters -->
+
+<!-- Arrows -->
+<!ENTITY larr     "&#8592;"> <!-- leftwards arrow, U+2190 ISOnum -->
+<!ENTITY uarr     "&#8593;"> <!-- upwards arrow, U+2191 ISOnum-->
+<!ENTITY rarr     "&#8594;"> <!-- rightwards arrow, U+2192 ISOnum -->
+<!ENTITY darr     "&#8595;"> <!-- downwards arrow, U+2193 ISOnum -->
+<!ENTITY harr     "&#8596;"> <!-- left right arrow, U+2194 ISOamsa -->
+<!ENTITY crarr    "&#8629;"> <!-- downwards arrow with corner leftwards
+                                     = carriage return, U+21B5 NEW -->
+<!ENTITY lArr     "&#8656;"> <!-- leftwards double arrow, U+21D0 ISOtech -->
+<!-- Unicode does not say that lArr is the same as the 'is implied by' arrow
+    but also does not have any other character for that function. So lArr can
+    be used for 'is implied by' as ISOtech suggests -->
+<!ENTITY uArr     "&#8657;"> <!-- upwards double arrow, U+21D1 ISOamsa -->
+<!ENTITY rArr     "&#8658;"> <!-- rightwards double arrow,
+                                     U+21D2 ISOtech -->
+<!-- Unicode does not say this is the 'implies' character but does not have 
+     another character with this function so rArr can be used for 'implies'
+     as ISOtech suggests -->
+<!ENTITY dArr     "&#8659;"> <!-- downwards double arrow, U+21D3 ISOamsa -->
+<!ENTITY hArr     "&#8660;"> <!-- left right double arrow,
+                                     U+21D4 ISOamsa -->
+
+<!-- Mathematical Operators -->
+<!ENTITY forall   "&#8704;"> <!-- for all, U+2200 ISOtech -->
+<!ENTITY part     "&#8706;"> <!-- partial differential, U+2202 ISOtech  -->
+<!ENTITY exist    "&#8707;"> <!-- there exists, U+2203 ISOtech -->
+<!ENTITY empty    "&#8709;"> <!-- empty set = null set, U+2205 ISOamso -->
+<!ENTITY nabla    "&#8711;"> <!-- nabla = backward difference,
+                                     U+2207 ISOtech -->
+<!ENTITY isin     "&#8712;"> <!-- element of, U+2208 ISOtech -->
+<!ENTITY notin    "&#8713;"> <!-- not an element of, U+2209 ISOtech -->
+<!ENTITY ni       "&#8715;"> <!-- contains as member, U+220B ISOtech -->
+<!ENTITY prod     "&#8719;"> <!-- n-ary product = product sign,
+                                     U+220F ISOamsb -->
+<!-- prod is NOT the same character as U+03A0 'greek capital letter pi' though
+     the same glyph might be used for both -->
+<!ENTITY sum      "&#8721;"> <!-- n-ary summation, U+2211 ISOamsb -->
+<!-- sum is NOT the same character as U+03A3 'greek capital letter sigma'
+     though the same glyph might be used for both -->
+<!ENTITY minus    "&#8722;"> <!-- minus sign, U+2212 ISOtech -->
+<!ENTITY lowast   "&#8727;"> <!-- asterisk operator, U+2217 ISOtech -->
+<!ENTITY radic    "&#8730;"> <!-- square root = radical sign,
+                                     U+221A ISOtech -->
+<!ENTITY prop     "&#8733;"> <!-- proportional to, U+221D ISOtech -->
+<!ENTITY infin    "&#8734;"> <!-- infinity, U+221E ISOtech -->
+<!ENTITY ang      "&#8736;"> <!-- angle, U+2220 ISOamso -->
+<!ENTITY and      "&#8743;"> <!-- logical and = wedge, U+2227 ISOtech -->
+<!ENTITY or       "&#8744;"> <!-- logical or = vee, U+2228 ISOtech -->
+<!ENTITY cap      "&#8745;"> <!-- intersection = cap, U+2229 ISOtech -->
+<!ENTITY cup      "&#8746;"> <!-- union = cup, U+222A ISOtech -->
+<!ENTITY int      "&#8747;"> <!-- integral, U+222B ISOtech -->
+<!ENTITY there4   "&#8756;"> <!-- therefore, U+2234 ISOtech -->
+<!ENTITY sim      "&#8764;"> <!-- tilde operator = varies with = similar to,
+                                     U+223C ISOtech -->
+<!-- tilde operator is NOT the same character as the tilde, U+007E,
+     although the same glyph might be used to represent both  -->
+<!ENTITY cong     "&#8773;"> <!-- approximately equal to, U+2245 ISOtech -->
+<!ENTITY asymp    "&#8776;"> <!-- almost equal to = asymptotic to,
+                                     U+2248 ISOamsr -->
+<!ENTITY ne       "&#8800;"> <!-- not equal to, U+2260 ISOtech -->
+<!ENTITY equiv    "&#8801;"> <!-- identical to, U+2261 ISOtech -->
+<!ENTITY le       "&#8804;"> <!-- less-than or equal to, U+2264 ISOtech -->
+<!ENTITY ge       "&#8805;"> <!-- greater-than or equal to,
+                                     U+2265 ISOtech -->
+<!ENTITY sub      "&#8834;"> <!-- subset of, U+2282 ISOtech -->
+<!ENTITY sup      "&#8835;"> <!-- superset of, U+2283 ISOtech -->
+<!ENTITY nsub     "&#8836;"> <!-- not a subset of, U+2284 ISOamsn -->
+<!ENTITY sube     "&#8838;"> <!-- subset of or equal to, U+2286 ISOtech -->
+<!ENTITY supe     "&#8839;"> <!-- superset of or equal to,
+                                     U+2287 ISOtech -->
+<!ENTITY oplus    "&#8853;"> <!-- circled plus = direct sum,
+                                     U+2295 ISOamsb -->
+<!ENTITY otimes   "&#8855;"> <!-- circled times = vector product,
+                                     U+2297 ISOamsb -->
+<!ENTITY perp     "&#8869;"> <!-- up tack = orthogonal to = perpendicular,
+                                     U+22A5 ISOtech -->
+<!ENTITY sdot     "&#8901;"> <!-- dot operator, U+22C5 ISOamsb -->
+<!-- dot operator is NOT the same character as U+00B7 middle dot -->
+
+<!-- Miscellaneous Technical -->
+<!ENTITY lceil    "&#8968;"> <!-- left ceiling = APL upstile,
+                                     U+2308 ISOamsc  -->
+<!ENTITY rceil    "&#8969;"> <!-- right ceiling, U+2309 ISOamsc  -->
+<!ENTITY lfloor   "&#8970;"> <!-- left floor = APL downstile,
+                                     U+230A ISOamsc  -->
+<!ENTITY rfloor   "&#8971;"> <!-- right floor, U+230B ISOamsc  -->
+<!ENTITY lang     "&#9001;"> <!-- left-pointing angle bracket = bra,
+                                     U+2329 ISOtech -->
+<!-- lang is NOT the same character as U+003C 'less than sign' 
+     or U+2039 'single left-pointing angle quotation mark' -->
+<!ENTITY rang     "&#9002;"> <!-- right-pointing angle bracket = ket,
+                                     U+232A ISOtech -->
+<!-- rang is NOT the same character as U+003E 'greater than sign' 
+     or U+203A 'single right-pointing angle quotation mark' -->
+
+<!-- Geometric Shapes -->
+<!ENTITY loz      "&#9674;"> <!-- lozenge, U+25CA ISOpub -->
+
+<!-- Miscellaneous Symbols -->
+<!ENTITY spades   "&#9824;"> <!-- black spade suit, U+2660 ISOpub -->
+<!-- black here seems to mean filled as opposed to hollow -->
+<!ENTITY clubs    "&#9827;"> <!-- black club suit = shamrock,
+                                     U+2663 ISOpub -->
+<!ENTITY hearts   "&#9829;"> <!-- black heart suit = valentine,
+                                     U+2665 ISOpub -->
+<!ENTITY diams    "&#9830;"> <!-- black diamond suit, U+2666 ISOpub -->
+
+
+ + +
+
[previous]   [next]   [table of contents]
+ + + diff --git a/xhtml1-20020801/guidelines.html b/xhtml1-20020801/guidelines.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000..42bdfd1 --- /dev/null +++ b/xhtml1-20020801/guidelines.html @@ -0,0 +1,229 @@ + + + + + +XHTML 1.0 - HTML Compatibility Guidelines + + + + +
[previous]   [next]   [table of contents] + +
+
+ +

C. HTML Compatibility Guidelines

+ +
+

Contents

+ + +
+ +

This appendix is informative.

+ +

This appendix summarizes design guidelines for authors who wish their XHTML documents to render on existing HTML user agents. Note that this recommendation does not define how HTML conforming +user agents should process HTML documents. Nor does it define the meaning of the Internet Media Type text/html. For these definitions, see [HTML4] and [RFC2854] respectively.

+ +

C.1. Processing Instructions and the XML Declaration

+ +

Be aware that processing instructions are rendered on some user agents. Also, some user agents interpret the XML declaration to mean that the document is unrecognized XML rather than HTML, and +therefore may not render the document as expected. For compatibility with these types of legacy browsers, you may want to avoid using processing instructions and XML declarations. Remember, however, +that when the XML declaration is not included in a document, the document can only use the default character encodings UTF-8 or UTF-16.

+ +

C.2. Empty Elements

+ +

Include a space before the trailing / and > of empty elements, e.g. <br />, <hr /> +and <img src="karen.jpg" alt="Karen" />. Also, use the minimized tag syntax for empty elements, e.g. <br />, as the +alternative syntax <br></br> allowed by XML gives uncertain results in many existing user agents.

+ +

C.3. Element Minimization and Empty Element Content

+ +

Given an empty instance of an element whose content model is not EMPTY (for example, an empty title or paragraph) do not use the minimized form (e.g. use +<p> </p> and not <p />).

+ +

C.4. Embedded Style Sheets and Scripts

+ +

Use external style sheets if your style sheet uses < or & or ]]> or --. Use external scripts if your script uses < or +& or ]]> or --. Note that XML parsers are permitted to silently remove the contents of comments. Therefore, the historical practice of "hiding" scripts +and style sheets within "comments" to make the documents backward compatible is likely to not work as expected in XML-based user agents.

+ +

C.5. Line Breaks within Attribute Values

+ +

Avoid line breaks and multiple white space characters within attribute values. These are handled inconsistently by user agents.

+ +

C.6. Isindex

+ +

Don't include more than one isindex element in the document head. The isindex element is deprecated in favor of the input element.

+ +

C.7. The lang and xml:lang Attributes

+ +

Use both the lang and xml:lang attributes when specifying the language of an element. The value of the xml:lang attribute takes precedence.

+ +

C.8. Fragment Identifiers

+ +

In XML, URI-references [RFC2396] that end with fragment identifiers of the form +"#foo" do not refer to elements with an attribute name="foo"; rather, they refer to elements with an attribute defined to be of type ID, e.g., the id +attribute in HTML 4. Many existing HTML clients don't support the use of ID-type attributes in this way, so identical values may be supplied for both of these attributes to ensure +maximum forward and backward compatibility (e.g., <a id="foo" name="foo">...</a>).

+ +

Further, since the set of legal values for attributes of type ID is much smaller than for those of type CDATA, the type of the name attribute has been +changed to NMTOKEN. This attribute is constrained such that it can only have the same values as type ID, or as the Name production in XML 1.0 Section 2.3, +production 5. Unfortunately, this constraint cannot be expressed in the XHTML 1.0 DTDs. Because of this change, care must be taken when converting existing HTML documents. The values of these +attributes must be unique within the document, valid, and any references to these fragment identifiers (both internal and external) must be updated should the values be changed during conversion.

+ +

Note that the collection of legal values in XML 1.0 Section 2.3, production 5 is much larger than that permitted to be used in the ID and NAME types defined in HTML 4. +When defining fragment identifiers to be backward-compatible, only strings matching the pattern [A-Za-z][A-Za-z0-9:_.-]* should be used. See Section 6.2 of [HTML4] for more information.

+ +

Finally, note that XHTML 1.0 has deprecated the name attribute of the a, applet, form, frame, iframe, +img, and map elements, and it will be removed from XHTML in subsequent versions.

+ +

C.9. Character Encoding

+ +

Historically, the character encoding of an HTML document is either specified by a web server via the charset parameter of the HTTP Content-Type header, or via a meta element in the +document itself. In an XML document, the character encoding of the document is specified on the XML declaration (e.g., <?xml version="1.0" encoding="EUC-JP"?>). +In order to portably present documents with specific character encodings, the best approach is to ensure that the web server provides the correct headers. If this is not possible, a document that +wants to set its character encoding explicitly must include both the XML declaration an encoding declaration and a meta http-equiv statement (e.g., <meta +http-equiv="Content-type" content="text/html; charset=EUC-JP" />). In XHTML-conforming user agents, the value of the encoding declaration of the XML declaration takes precedence.

+ +

Note: be aware that if a document must include the character encoding declaration in a meta http-equiv statement, that document may always be interpreted by HTTP servers and/or user agents as +being of the internet media type defined in that statement. If a document is to be served as multiple media types, the HTTP server must be used to set the encoding of the document.

+ +

C.10. Boolean Attributes

+ +

Some HTML user agents are unable to interpret boolean attributes when these appear in their full (non-minimized) form, as required by XML 1.0. Note this problem doesn't affect user agents +compliant with HTML 4. The following attributes are involved: compact, nowrap, ismap, declare, noshade, checked, +disabled, readonly, multiple, selected, noresize, defer.

+ +

C.11. Document Object Model and XHTML

+ +

The Document Object Model level 1 Recommendation [DOM] defines document object model interfaces for XML and HTML 4. The HTML 4 document object +model specifies that HTML element and attribute names are returned in upper-case. The XML document object model specifies that element and attribute names are returned in the case they are specified. +In XHTML 1.0, elements and attributes are specified in lower-case. This apparent difference can be addressed in two ways:

+ +
    +
  1. User agents that access XHTML documents served as Internet media type text/html via the DOM can use the HTML DOM, and can rely upon element +and attribute names being returned in upper-case from those interfaces.
    2. + +
  2. User agents that access XHTML documents served as Internet media types text/xml, application/xml, or application/xhtml+xml can also use the XML DOM. +Elements and attributes will be returned in lower-case. Also, some XHTML elements may or may not appear in the object tree because they are optional in the content model (e.g. the tbody +element within table). This occurs because in HTML 4 some elements were permitted to be minimized such that their start and end tags are both omitted (an SGML feature). This is not +possible in XML. Rather than require document authors to insert extraneous elements, XHTML has made the elements optional. User agents need to adapt to this accordingly. For further information on +this topic, see [DOM2]
    3. +
+ +

C.12. Using Ampersands in Attribute Values (and Elsewhere)

+ +

In both SGML and XML, the ampersand character ("&") declares the beginning of an entity reference (e.g., &reg; for the registered trademark symbol "®"). Unfortunately, many HTML user +agents have silently ignored incorrect usage of the ampersand character in HTML documents - treating ampersands that do not look like entity references as literal ampersands. XML-based user agents +will not tolerate this incorrect usage, and any document that uses an ampersand incorrectly will not be "valid", and consequently will not conform to this specification. In order to ensure that +documents are compatible with historical HTML user agents and XML-based user agents, ampersands used in a document that are to be treated as literal characters must be expressed themselves as an +entity reference (e.g. "&amp;"). For example, when the href attribute of the a element refers to a CGI script that takes parameters, it must be expressed as +http://my.site.dom/cgi-bin/myscript.pl?class=guest&amp;name=user rather than as http://my.site.dom/cgi-bin/myscript.pl?class=guest&name=user.

+ +

C.13. Cascading Style Sheets (CSS) and XHTML

+ +

The Cascading Style Sheets level 2 Recommendation [CSS2] defines style properties which are applied to the parse tree of the HTML or XML +documents. Differences in parsing will produce different visual or aural results, depending on the selectors used. The following hints will reduce this effect for documents which are served without +modification as both media types:

+ +
    +
  1. CSS style sheets for XHTML should use lower case element and attribute names.
    2. + +
  2. In tables, the tbody element will be inferred by the parser of an HTML user agent, but not by the parser of an XML user agent. Therefore you should always explicitly add a tbody element if it is +referred to in a CSS selector.
    3. + +
  3. Within the XHTML namespace, user agents are expected to recognize the "id" attribute as an attribute of type ID. Therefore, style sheets should be able to continue using the shorthand "#" +selector syntax even if the user agent does not read the DTD.
    4. + +
  4. Within the XHTML namespace, user agents are expected to recognize the "class" attribute. Therefore, style sheets should be able to continue using the shorthand "." selector syntax.
    5. + +
  5. CSS defines different conformance rules for HTML and XML documents; be aware that the HTML rules apply to XHTML documents delivered as HTML and the XML rules apply to XHTML documents delivered as +XML.
    6. +
+ +

C.14. Referencing Style Elements when serving as XML

+ +

In HTML 4 and XHTML, the style element can be used to define document-internal style rules. In XML, an XML stylesheet declaration is used to define style rules. In order to be +compatible with this convention, style elements should have their fragment identifier set using the id attribute, and an XML stylesheet declaration should reference this +fragment. For example:

+ +
+
+<?xml-stylesheet href="W3C-REC.css" type="text/css"?>
+<?xml-stylesheet href="#internalStyle" type="text/css"?>
+<!DOCTYPE html 
+     PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Strict//EN"
+     "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-strict.dtd">
+<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en" lang="en">
+<head>
+<title>An internal stylesheet example</title>
+<style type="text/css" id="internalStyle">
+  code {
+    color: green;
+    font-family: monospace;
+    font-weight: bold;
+  }
+</style>
+</head>
+<body>
+<p>
+  This is text that uses our 
+  <code>internal stylesheet</code>.
+</p>
+</body>
+</html>
+
+
+ +

C.15. White Space Characters in HTML vs. XML

+ +

Some characters that are legal in HTML documents, are illegal in XML document. For example, in HTML, the Formfeed character (U+000C) is treated as white space, in XHTML, due to XML's definition of +characters, it is illegal.

+ +

C.16. The Named Character Reference &apos;

+ +

The named character reference &apos; (the apostrophe, U+0027) was introduced in XML 1.0 but does not appear in HTML. Authors should therefore use &#39; instead of +&apos; to work as expected in HTML 4 user agents.

+ +
+
[previous]   [next]   [table of contents]
+ + + diff --git a/xhtml1-20020801/introduction.html b/xhtml1-20020801/introduction.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000..de072fa --- /dev/null +++ b/xhtml1-20020801/introduction.html @@ -0,0 +1,101 @@ + + + + + +XHTML 1.0 - What is XHTML? + + + + +
[previous]   [next]   [table of contents] + +
+
+ +

1. What is XHTML?

+ +
+

Contents

+ + +
+ +

This section is informative.

+ +

XHTML is a family of current and future document types and modules that reproduce, subset, and extend HTML 4 [HTML4]. XHTML family +document types are XML based, and ultimately are designed to work in conjunction with XML-based user agents. The details of this family and its +evolution are discussed in more detail in [XHTMLMOD].

+ +

XHTML 1.0 (this specification) is the first document type in the XHTML family. It is a reformulation of the three HTML 4 document types as applications of XML 1.0 [XML]. It is intended to be used as a language for content that is both XML-conforming and, if some simple guidelines are +followed, operates in HTML 4 conforming user agents. Developers who migrate their content to XHTML 1.0 will realize the following benefits:

+ + + +

The XHTML family is the next step in the evolution of the Internet. By migrating to XHTML today, content developers can enter the XML world with all of its attendant benefits, while still +remaining confident in their content's backward and future compatibility.

+ +

1.1. What is HTML 4?

+ +

HTML 4 [HTML4] is an SGML (Standard Generalized Markup Language) application +conforming to International Standard ISO 8879, and is widely regarded as the standard publishing language of the World Wide +Web.

+ +

SGML is a language for describing markup languages, particularly those used in electronic document exchange, document management, and document publishing. HTML is an example of a language defined +in SGML.

+ +

SGML has been around since the middle 1980's and has remained quite stable. Much of this stability stems from the fact that the language is both feature-rich and flexible. This flexibility, +however, comes at a price, and that price is a level of complexity that has inhibited its adoption in a diversity of environments, including the World Wide Web.

+ +

HTML, as originally conceived, was to be a language for the exchange of scientific and other technical documents, suitable for use by non-document specialists. HTML addressed the problem of SGML +complexity by specifying a small set of structural and semantic tags suitable for authoring relatively simple documents. In addition to simplifying the document structure, HTML added support for +hypertext. Multimedia capabilities were added later.

+ +

In a remarkably short space of time, HTML became wildly popular and rapidly outgrew its original purpose. Since HTML's inception, there has been rapid invention of new elements for use within HTML +(as a standard) and for adapting HTML to vertical, highly specialized, markets. This plethora of new elements has led to interoperability problems for documents across different platforms.

+ +

1.2. What is XML?

+ +

XML™ is the shorthand name for Extensible Markup Language [XML].

+ +

XML was conceived as a means of regaining the power and flexibility of SGML without most of its complexity. Although a restricted form of SGML, XML nonetheless preserves most of SGML's power and +richness, and yet still retains all of SGML's commonly used features.

+ +

While retaining these beneficial features, XML removes many of the more complex features of SGML that make the authoring and design of suitable software both difficult and costly.

+ +

1.3. Why the need for XHTML?

+ +

The benefits of migrating to XHTML 1.0 are described above. Some of the benefits of migrating to XHTML in general are:

+ + + +
+
[previous]   [next]   [table of contents]
+ + + diff --git a/xhtml1-20020801/issues.html b/xhtml1-20020801/issues.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000..9f61453 --- /dev/null +++ b/xhtml1-20020801/issues.html @@ -0,0 +1,43 @@ + + + + + +XHTML 1.0 - Compatibility Issues + + + + +
[previous]   [next]   [table of contents] + +
+
+ +

5. Compatibility Issues

+ +
+

Contents

+ + +
+ +

This section is normative.

+ +

Although there is no requirement for XHTML 1.0 documents to be compatible with existing user agents, in practice this is easy to accomplish. Guidelines for creating compatible documents can be +found in Appendix C.

+ +

5.1. Internet Media Type

+ +

XHTML Documents which follow the guidelines set forth in Appendix C, "HTML Compatibility Guidelines" may be labeled with the Internet Media Type +"text/html" [RFC2854], as they are compatible with most HTML browsers. Those documents, and any other document conforming to this specification, +may also be labeled with the Internet Media Type "application/xhtml+xml" as defined in [RFC3236]. For further information on using media types +with XHTML, see the informative note [XHTMLMIME].

+ +
+
[previous]   [next]   [table of contents]
+ + + diff --git a/xhtml1-20020801/logo-REC.png b/xhtml1-20020801/logo-REC.png new file mode 100644 index 0000000..bddad3e Binary files /dev/null and b/xhtml1-20020801/logo-REC.png differ diff --git a/xhtml1-20020801/normative.html b/xhtml1-20020801/normative.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000..4bb1653 --- /dev/null +++ b/xhtml1-20020801/normative.html @@ -0,0 +1,216 @@ + + + + + +XHTML 1.0 - Normative Definition of XHTML 1.0 + + + + +
[previous]   [next]   [table of contents] + +
+
+ +

3. Normative Definition of XHTML 1.0

+ +
+

Contents

+ + +
+ +

This section is normative.

+ +

3.1. Document Conformance

+ +

This version of XHTML provides a definition of strictly conforming XHTML 1.0 documents, which are restricted to elements and attributes from the XML and XHTML 1.0 namespaces. See Section 3.1.2 for information on using XHTML with other namespaces, for instance, to include metadata expressed in RDF within XHTML +documents.

+ +

3.1.1. Strictly Conforming Documents

+ +

A Strictly Conforming XHTML Document is an XML document that requires only the facilities described as mandatory in this specification. Such a document must meet all of the following criteria:

+ +
    +
  1. +

    It must conform to the constraints expressed in one of the three DTDs found in DTDs and in Appendix B.

    +
    2. + +
  2. +

    The root element of the document must be html.

    +
    3. + +
  3. +

    The root element of the document must contain an xmlns declaration for the XHTML namespace [XMLNS]. The namespace for XHTML is +defined to be http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml. An example root element might look like:

    + +
    +
    +<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en" lang="en">
+
    +
    +
    4. + +
  4. +

    There must be a DOCTYPE declaration in the document prior to the root element. The public identifier included in the DOCTYPE declaration must reference one of the three DTDs found in DTDs using the respective Formal Public Identifier. The system identifier may be changed to reflect local system conventions.

    + +
    +<!DOCTYPE html 
+     PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Strict//EN"
+     "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-strict.dtd">
+
+<!DOCTYPE html 
+     PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN"
+     "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
+
+<!DOCTYPE html 
+     PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Frameset//EN"
+     "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-frameset.dtd">
+
    +
    5. + +
  5. +

    The DTD subset must not be used to override any parameter entities in the DTD.

    +
    6. +
+ +

An XML declaration is not required in all XML documents; however XHTML document authors are strongly encouraged to use XML declarations in all their documents. Such a declaration is required when +the character encoding of the document is other than the default UTF-8 or UTF-16 and no encoding was determined by a higher-level protocol. Here is an example of an XHTML document. In this example, +the XML declaration is included.

+ +
+
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
+<!DOCTYPE html 
+     PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Strict//EN"
+    "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-strict.dtd">
+<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en" lang="en">
+  <head>
+    <title>Virtual Library</title>
+  </head>
+  <body>
+    <p>Moved to <a href="http://example.org/">example.org</a>.</p>
+  </body>
+</html>
+
+
+ +

3.1.2. Using XHTML with other namespaces

+ +

The XHTML namespace may be used with other XML namespaces as per [XMLNS], although such documents are not strictly conforming XHTML 1.0 +documents as defined above. Work by W3C is addressing ways to specify conformance for documents involving multiple namespaces. For an example, see [XHTML+MathML].

+ +

The following example shows the way in which XHTML 1.0 could be used in conjunction with the MathML Recommendation:

+ +
+
+<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en" lang="en">
+  <head>
+    <title>A Math Example</title>
+  </head>
+  <body>
+    <p>The following is MathML markup:</p>
+    <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
+      <apply> <log/>
+        <logbase>
+          <cn> 3 </cn>
+        </logbase>
+        <ci> x </ci>
+      </apply>
+    </math>
+  </body>
+</html>
+
+
+ +

The following example shows the way in which XHTML 1.0 markup could be incorporated into another XML namespace:

+ +
+
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
+<!-- initially, the default namespace is "books" -->
+<book xmlns='urn:loc.gov:books'
+    xmlns:isbn='urn:ISBN:0-395-36341-6' xml:lang="en" lang="en">
+  <title>Cheaper by the Dozen</title>
+  <isbn:number>1568491379</isbn:number>
+  <notes>
+    <!-- make HTML the default namespace for a hypertext commentary -->
+    <p xmlns='http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml'>
+        This is also available <a href="http://www.w3.org/">online</a>.
+    </p>
+  </notes>
+</book>
+
+
+ +

3.2. User Agent Conformance

+ +

A conforming user agent must meet all of the following criteria:

+ +
    +
  1. In order to be consistent with the XML 1.0 Recommendation [XML], the user agent must parse and evaluate an XHTML document for well-formedness. +If the user agent claims to be a validating user agent, it must also validate documents against their referenced DTDs according to [XML].
    2. + +
  2. When the user agent claims to support facilities defined within this specification or required by this specification through normative reference, it must +do so in ways consistent with the facilities' definition.
    3. + +
  3. When a user agent processes an XHTML document as generic XML, it shall only recognize attributes of type ID (i.e. the id attribute on most XHTML elements) as fragment +identifiers.
    4. + +
  4. If a user agent encounters an element it does not recognize, it must process the element's content.
    5. + +
  5. If a user agent encounters an attribute it does not recognize, it must ignore the entire attribute specification (i.e., the attribute and its value).
    6. + +
  6. If a user agent encounters an attribute value it does not recognize, it must use the default attribute value.
    7. + +
  7. If it encounters an entity reference (other than one of the entities defined in this recommendation or in the XML recommendation) for which the user agent has processed no declaration (which +could happen if the declaration is in the external subset which the user agent hasn't read), the entity reference should be processed as the characters (starting with the ampersand and ending with +the semi-colon) that make up the entity reference.
    8. + +
  8. When processing content, user agents that encounter characters or character entity references that are recognized but not renderable may substitute another rendering that gives the same meaning, +or must display the document in such a way that it is obvious to the user that normal rendering has not taken place.
    9. + +
  9. +

    White space is handled according to the following rules. The following characters are defined in [XML] white space characters:

    + +
      +
    • SPACE (&#x0020;)
      • + +
    • HORIZONTAL TABULATION (&#x0009;)
      • + +
    • CARRIAGE RETURN (&#x000D;)
      • + +
    • LINE FEED (&#x000A;)
      • +
    + +

    The XML processor normalizes different systems' line end codes into one single LINE FEED character, that is passed up to the application.

    + +

    The user agent must use the definition from CSS for processing whitespace characters [CSS2]. Note that the CSS2 recommendation does not +explicitly address the issue of whitespace handling in non-Latin character sets. This will be addressed in a future version of CSS, at which time this reference will be updated.

    +
    10. +
+ +

Note that in order to produce a Canonical XHTML document, the rules above must be applied and the rules in [XMLC14N] must also be applied to +the document.

+ +
+
[previous]   [next]   [table of contents]
+ + + diff --git a/xhtml1-20020801/prohibitions.html b/xhtml1-20020801/prohibitions.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000..ba88be7 --- /dev/null +++ b/xhtml1-20020801/prohibitions.html @@ -0,0 +1,51 @@ + + + + + +XHTML 1.0 - Element Prohibitions + + + + +
[previous]   [next]   [table of contents] + +
+
+ +

B. Element Prohibitions

+ +

This appendix is normative.

+ +

The following elements have prohibitions on which elements they can contain (see SGML Exclusions). This prohibition applies to all depths of nesting, i.e. it +contains all the descendant elements.

+ +
+
a
+ +
must not contain other a elements.
+ +
pre
+ +
must not contain the img, object, big, small, sub, or sup elements.
+ +
button
+ +
must not contain the input, select, textarea, label, button, form, fieldset, iframe or +isindex elements.
+ +
label
+ +
must not contain other label elements.
+ +
form
+ +
must not contain other form elements.
+
+ +
+
[previous]   [next]   [table of contents]
+ + + diff --git a/xhtml1-20020801/references.html b/xhtml1-20020801/references.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000..7a1bf8c --- /dev/null +++ b/xhtml1-20020801/references.html @@ -0,0 +1,135 @@ + + + + + +XHTML 1.0 - References + + + + +
[previous]     [table of contents] + +
+
+ +

E. References

+ +

This appendix is informative.

+ +
+
[CSS2]
+ +
"Cascading Style Sheets, level 2 (CSS2) Specification", B. Bos, H. W. Lie, C. Lilley, I. Jacobs, 12 May 1998.
+Latest version available at: http://www.w3.org/TR/REC-CSS2
+ +
[DOM]
+ +
"Document Object Model (DOM) Level 1 Specification", Lauren Wood et al., 1 October +1998.
+Latest version available at: http://www.w3.org/TR/REC-DOM-Level-1
+ +
[DOM2]
+ +
"Document Object Model (DOM) Level 2 Core Specification", A. Le Hors, et +al., 13 November 2000.
+Latest version available at: http://www.w3.org/TR/DOM-Level-2-Core
+ +
[HTML]
+ +
"HTML 4.01 Specification", D. Raggett, A. Le Hors, I. Jacobs, 24 December 1999.
+Latest version available at: http://www.w3.org/TR/html401
+ +
[POSIX.1]
+ +
"ISO/IEC 9945-1:1990 Information Technology - Portable Operating System Interface (POSIX) - Part 1: System Application Program Interface (API) [C Language]", Institute of Electrical +and Electronics Engineers, Inc, 1990.
+ +
[RFC2045]
+ +
"Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions (MIME) Part One: Format of Internet Message Bodies", N. Freed and N. Borenstein, November +1996. Note that this RFC obsoletes RFC1521, RFC1522, and RFC1590.
+ +
[RFC2046]
+ +
"RFC2046: Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions (MIME) Part Two: Media Types", N. Freed and N. Borenstein, November 1996.
+Available at http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc2046.txt. Note that this RFC obsoletes RFC1521, RFC1522, and RFC1590.
+ +
[RFC2119]
+ +
"RFC2119: Key words for use in RFCs to Indicate Requirement Levels", S. Bradner, March 1997.
+Available at: http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc2119.txt
+ +
[RFC2376]
+ +
"RFC2376: XML Media Types", E. Whitehead, M. Murata, July 1998.
+This document is obsoleted by [RFC3023].
+Available at: http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc2376.txt
+ +
[RFC2396]
+ +
"RFC2396: Uniform Resource Identifiers (URI): Generic Syntax", T. Berners-Lee, R. Fielding, L. Masinter, August 1998.
+This document updates RFC1738 and RFC1808.
+Available at: http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc2396.txt
+ +
[RFC2854]
+ +
"RFC2854: The text/html Media Type", D. Conolly, L. Masinter, June 2000.
+Available at: http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc2854.txt
+ +
[RFC3023]
+ +
"RFC3023: XML Media Types", M. Murata, S. St.Laurent, D. Kohn, January 2001.
+This document obsoletes [RFC2376].
+Available at: http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc3023.txt
+ +
[RFC3066]
+ +
"Tags for the Identification of Languages", H. Alvestrand, January 2001.
+Available at: http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc3066.txt
+ +
[RFC3236]
+ +
"The 'application/xhtml+xml' Media Type", M. Baker, P. Stark, January 2002.
+Available at: http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc3236.txt
+ +
[XHTML+MathML]
+ +
"XHTML plus Math 1.1 DTD", "A.2 MathML as a DTD Module", Mathematical +Markup Language (MathML) Version 2.0. Available at: http://www.w3.org/TR/MathML2/dtd/xhtml-math11-f.dtd
+ +
[XHTMLMIME]
+ +
"XHTML Media Types", Masayasu Ishikawa, 1 August 2002.
+Latest version available at: http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml-media-types
+ +
[XHTMLMOD]
+ +
"Modularization of XHTML", M. Altheim et al., 10 April 2001.
+Latest version available at: http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml-modularization
+ +
[XML]
+ +
"Extensible Markup Language (XML) 1.0 Specification (Second Edition)", T. Bray, J. Paoli, C. M. Sperberg-McQueen, E. Maler, 6 October +2000.
+Latest version available at: http://www.w3.org/TR/REC-xml
+ +
[XMLNS]
+ +
"Namespaces in XML", T. Bray, D. Hollander, A. Layman, 14 January 1999.
+XML namespaces provide a simple method for qualifying names used in XML documents by associating them with namespaces identified by URI.
+Latest version available at: http://www.w3.org/TR/REC-xml-names
+ +
[XMLC14N]
+ +
"Canonical XML Version 1.0", J. Boyer, 15 March 2001.
+This document describes a method for generating a physical representation, the canonical form, of an XML document.
+Latest version available at: http://www.w3.org/TR/xml-c14n
+
+ +
+
[previous]     [table of contents]
+ + + diff --git a/xhtml1-20020801/w3c_home.png b/xhtml1-20020801/w3c_home.png new file mode 100644 index 0000000..c541c20 Binary files /dev/null and b/xhtml1-20020801/w3c_home.png differ diff --git a/xhtml1-20020801/wcag1AAA.png b/xhtml1-20020801/wcag1AAA.png new file mode 100644 index 0000000..46d9f93 Binary files /dev/null and b/xhtml1-20020801/wcag1AAA.png differ diff --git a/xhtml1-20020801/xhtml.css b/xhtml1-20020801/xhtml.css new file mode 100644 index 0000000..1fdc0b8 --- /dev/null +++ b/xhtml1-20020801/xhtml.css @@ -0,0 +1,157 @@ +.ednote { + font-style: italic; + font-size: 80%; +} + +ul.toc { list-style: none } +/* Style class for newly added text */ +.new { + color: blue; +} +/* Preformatted examples */ +pre.example { + white-space: pre; + font-family: monospace; + color: green; + font-weight: bold; + margin-right: 0; + margin-left: 0; +} +/* Preformatted DTD entry */ +pre.dtd { + white-space: pre; + font-family: monospace; + font-weight: normal; + margin-right: 0; + margin-left: 0; +} +/* Table of contents styles */ +div.toc, div.subtoc { + background-color: #99ffff; + border: none; + margin-right: 5%; + padding-top: 1px; + padding-bottom: 3px; +} +a.ref { + font-weight: bold; +} +a.normref { + font-weight: bold; +} +p.issueTitle { + font-size: 150% ; +} +div.issue { + background-color: #cfc ; + border: none ; + margin-right: 5% ; +} +div.navbar {text-align: center} +.center { text-align: center} +.alphalist { list-style-type: upper-alpha} +.codelist { } +dl.codelist dt { + font-family: mono; + color: #660099; + font-style: normal; + font-weight: normal; +} +.termlist { } +dl.termlist dt { + color: #330000; + font-weight: bold; +} +a.entity { color: red; } +a.element { color: green; } + +.elements { + font-family: mono; + font-weight: bold; +} +.collection { + font-family: mono; + font-weight: bold; +} +.datatype { + font-family: mono; + font-weight: bold; +} +.attributes { + font-family: mono; + font-weight: bold; +} +.content { + font-family: mono; + font-weight: bold; +} +.dfn { + color: #400040; + font-weight: bold; + font-style: italic; +} +tt { color : #4000AF } +dl.desc { margin-left : 5% ; margin-right : 5% } +.sect2 { margin-left : 5% ; margin-right : 5% } +.element { font-weight : bold ; + color : #F00000 } +.attlist { font-weight : bold ; + color : #F06000 } +.pentity { color : #000080 } +span.attlistid { vertical-align: super; font-size: smaller; color: gray; } +span.elementid { vertical-align: super; font-size: 80%; color: gray; } +span.fixme { color: red; } + +table.moduledef { + width: 100%; +} + +div.attrRef { + background-color: #d5dee3; + border: none; + margin-right: 5%; +} + +div.attrDef { + background-color: #d5dee3; + border: none; + margin-right: 5%; +} + +span.term { font-style: italic; color: rgb(0, 0, 192) } +code { + color: green; + font-family: monospace; + font-weight: bold; +} + +code.greenmono { + color: green; + font-family: monospace; + font-weight: bold; +} +.good { + border: solid green; + border-width: 2px; + color: green; + font-weight: bold; + margin-right: 5%; + margin-left: 0; +} +.bad { + border: solid red; + border-width: 2px; + margin-left: 0; + margin-right: 5%; + color: rgb(192, 101, 101); +} + +div.navbar { text-align: center; } +div.contents { + background-color: rgb(204,204,255); + padding: 0.5em; + border: none; + margin-right: 5%; +} +.tocline { list-style: none; } +table.exceptions { background-color: rgb(255,255,153); } diff --git a/xhtml1-20020801/xhtml1-diff.html b/xhtml1-20020801/xhtml1-diff.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000..3191058 --- /dev/null +++ b/xhtml1-20020801/xhtml1-diff.html @@ -0,0 +1,1303 @@ + + + + + +XHTML 1.0: The Extensible HyperText Markup Language (Second Edition) + + + + + +
W3C + +

XHTML™ 1.0 The Extensible HyperText Markup Language (Second Edition)

+ +

A Reformulation of HTML 4 in XML 1.0

+ +

W3C Recommendation 26 January 2000, revised 1 August 2002

+ +
+
This version :
+ +
http://www.w3.org/TR/2002/REC-xhtml1-20020801
+ +
Latest version:
+ +
http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1
+ +
Previous version:
+ +
http://www.w3.org/TR/2000/REC-xhtml1-20000126
+ +
Diff-marked version:
+ +
http://www.w3.org/TR/2002/REC-xhtml1-20020801/xhtml1-diff.html
+ +
Authors:
+ +
See acknowledgments .
+
+ +

Please refer to the errata +for this document, which may include some normative corrections. See also translations .

+ +

This document is also available in these non-normative formats: Multi-part XHTML file ,PostScript version ,PDF version ,ZIP +archive ,and Gzip'd TAR archive .

+ +

Copyright ©2002 W3C ® ( MIT , INRIA , Keio ), All Rights +Reserved. W3C liability , +trademark , document use and software +licensing rules apply.

+ +
+
+ +

Abstract

+ +

This specification defines the Second Edition of XHTML 1.0, a reformulation of +HTML 4 as an XML 1.0 application, and three DTDs corresponding to the ones defined by HTML 4. The semantics of the elements and their attributes are defined in the W3C Recommendation for HTML 4. These semantics provide +the foundation for future extensibility of XHTML. Compatibility with existing HTML user agents is possible by following a small set of guidelines.

+ +

Status of this document

+ +

This section describes the status of this document at the time of its publication. Other documents may supersede this document. The latest status of this document series is maintained at the +W3C.

+ +

This document is the second edition of the XHTML 1.0 specification incorporating the errata changes as of 1 +August 2002. Changes between this version and the previous Recommendation are illustrated in a diff-marked version .

+ +

This second edition is not a new version of XHTML 1.0 (first published 26 January 2000). The changes in +this document reflect corrections applied as a result of comments submitted by the community and as a result +of ongoing work within the HTML Working Group. There are no substantive changes in this document - only the integration of various +errata.

+ +

The list of known errors in this specification is available at http://www.w3.org/2002/08/REC-xhtml1-20020801-errata .

+ +

Please report errors in this document to www-html-editor@w3.org +( archive ). Public discussion on HTML features takes place on the mailing list www-html@w3.org ( archive +).

+ +

This document has been produced as part of the W3C HTML Activity . The goals of the HTML Working Group +( members only ) are discussed in the HTML Working Group charter .

+ +

At the time of publication, the working group believed there were zero patent disclosures relevant to this specification. A current list of patent disclosures relevant to +this specification may be found on the Working Group's patent disclosure page .

+ +

A list of current W3C Recommendations and other technical documents can be found at http://www.w3.org/TR .

+ +

Quick Table of Contents

+ +
+ +
+ +

Full Table of Contents

+ +
+ +
+ +

1. What is XHTML?

+ +

This section is informative.

+ +

XHTML is a family of current and future document types and modules that reproduce, subset, and extend HTML 4 [ HTML4 ]. XHTML family document types are XML based, and ultimately are designed to work in +conjunction with XML-based user agents. The details of this family and its evolution are discussed in more detail in [ XHTMLMOD ].

+ +

XHTML 1.0 (this specification) is the first document type in the XHTML family. It is a reformulation of the three HTML 4 document types as applications of XML +1.0 [ XML ]. It is intended to be used as a language for content that is +both XML-conforming and, if some simple guidelines are followed, operates in HTML 4 conforming user agents. Developers who migrate their +content to XHTML 1.0 will realize the following benefits:

+ + + +

The XHTML family is the next step in the evolution of the Internet. By migrating to XHTML today, content developers can enter the XML world with all of its attendant benefits, while still +remaining confident in their content's backward and future compatibility.

+ +

1.1. What is HTML 4?

+ +

HTML 4 [ HTML4 ] is an SGML (Standard Generalized Markup Language) application conforming to International Standard ISO 8879, and is +widely regarded as the standard publishing language of the World Wide Web.

+ +

SGML is a language for describing markup languages, particularly those used in electronic document exchange, document management, and document publishing. HTML is an example of a language defined +in SGML.

+ +

SGML has been around since the middle 1980's and has remained quite stable. Much of this stability stems from the fact that the language is both feature-rich and flexible. This flexibility, +however, comes at a price, and that price is a level of complexity that has inhibited its adoption in a diversity of environments, including the World Wide Web.

+ +

HTML, as originally conceived, was to be a language for the exchange of scientific and other technical documents, suitable for use by non-document specialists. HTML addressed the problem of SGML +complexity by specifying a small set of structural and semantic tags suitable for authoring relatively simple documents. In addition to simplifying the document structure, HTML added support for +hypertext. Multimedia capabilities were added later.

+ +

In a remarkably short space of time, HTML became wildly popular and rapidly outgrew its original purpose. Since HTML's inception, there has been rapid invention of new elements for use within HTML +(as a standard) and for adapting HTML to vertical, highly specialized, markets. This plethora of new elements has led to interoperability problems for documents across +different platforms.

+ +

1.2. What is XML?

+ +

XML™ is the shorthand name for Extensible Markup Language [ XML ].

+ +

XML was conceived as a means of regaining the power and flexibility of SGML without most of its complexity. Although a restricted form of SGML, XML nonetheless preserves most of SGML's power and +richness, and yet still retains all of SGML's commonly used features.

+ +

While retaining these beneficial features, XML removes many of the more complex features of SGML that make the authoring and design of suitable software both difficult and costly.

+ +

1.3. Why the need for XHTML?

+ +

The benefits of migrating to XHTML 1.0 are described above. Some of the benefits of migrating to XHTML in general are:

+ + + +

2. Definitions

+ +

This section is normative.

+ +

2.1. Terminology

+ +

The following terms are used in this specification. These terms extend the definitions in [ +RFC2119 ] in ways based upon similar definitions in ISO/ IEC 9945-1:1990 [ POSIX.1 ]:

+ +
+
May
+ +
With respect to implementations, the word "may" is to be interpreted as an optional feature that is not required in this specification but can be provided. With respect to +Document Conformance , the word "may" means that the optional feature must not be used. The term "optional" has the same definition as "may".
+ +
Must
+ +
In this specification, the word "must" is to be interpreted as a mandatory requirement on the implementation or on Strictly Conforming XHTML Documents, depending upon the context. The term +"shall" has the same definition as "must".
+ +
Optional
+ +
See "May".
+ +
Reserved
+ +
A value or behavior is unspecified, but it is not allowed to be used by Conforming Documents nor to be supported by Conforming User Agents.
+ +
Shall
+ +
See "Must".
+ +
Should
+ +
With respect to implementations, the word "should" is to be interpreted as an implementation recommendation, but not a requirement. With respect to documents, the word "should" is to be +interpreted as recommended programming practice for documents and a requirement for Strictly Conforming XHTML Documents.
+ +
Supported
+ +
Certain facilities in this specification are optional. If a facility is supported, it behaves as specified by this specification.
+ +
Unspecified
+ +
When a value or behavior is unspecified, the specification defines no portability requirements for a facility on an implementation even when faced with a document that uses the facility. A +document that requires specific behavior in such an instance, rather than tolerating any behavior when using that facility, is not a Strictly Conforming XHTML Document.
+
+ +

2.2. General Terms

+ +
+
Attribute
+ +
An attribute is a parameter to an element declared in the DTD. An attribute's type and value range, including a possible default value, are defined in the DTD.
+ +
DTD
+ +
A DTD, or document type definition, is a collection of XML markup declarations that, as a collection, defines the legal structure, elements +, and attributes that are available for use in a document that complies to the DTD.
+ +
Document
+ +
A document is a stream of data that, after being combined with any other streams it references, is structured such that it holds information contained within elements +that are organized as defined in the associated DTD . See Document Conformance for more information.
+ +
Element
+ +
An element is a document structuring unit declared in the DTD . The element's content model is defined in the DTD , and additional semantics +may be defined in the prose description of the element.
+ +
Facilities
+ +
Facilities are elements , attributes , and the semantics associated with those elements +and attributes .
+ +
Implementation
+ +
See User Agent.
+ +
Parsing
+ +
Parsing is the act whereby a document is scanned, and the information contained within the document is filtered into the context of the elements in which the information is structured.
+ +
Rendering
+ +
Rendering is the act whereby the information in a document is presented. This presentation is done in the form most appropriate to the environment (e.g. aurally, +visually, in print).
+ +
User Agent
+ +
A user agent is a system that processes XHTML documents in accordance with this specification. See User Agent +Conformance for more information.
+ +
Validation
+ +
Validation is a process whereby documents are verified against the associated DTD , ensuring that the structure, use of +elements , and use of attributes are consistent with the definitions in the DTD .
+ +
Well-formed
+ +
A document is well-formed when it is structured according to the rules defined in Section 2.1 of the XML 1.0 +Recommendation [ XML ].
+
+ +

3. Normative Definition of XHTML 1.0

+ +

This section is normative.

+ +

3.1. Document Conformance

+ +

This version of XHTML provides a definition of strictly conforming XHTML 1.0 documents, which are restricted to elements and attributes +from the XML and XHTML 1.0 namespaces. See Section 3.1.2 for information on using XHTML with other namespaces, +for instance, to include metadata expressed in RDF within XHTML documents.

+ +

3.1.1. Strictly Conforming Documents

+ +

A Strictly Conforming XHTML Document is an XML document that requires only the facilities described as mandatory in this specification. Such a document must meet all +of the following criteria:

+ +
    +
  1. +

    It must conform to the constraints expressed in one of the three DTDs found in DTDs and +in Appendix B .

    +
    2. + +
  2. +

    The root element of the document must be html .

    +
    3. + +
  3. +

    The root element of the document must contain an xmlns declaration for the XHTML namespace [ XMLNS ]. The namespace for XHTML is defined to be http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml . An +example root element might look like:

    + +
    +
    +<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en" lang="en">
+
+
    +
    +
    4. + +
  4. +

    There must be a DOCTYPE declaration in the document prior to the root element. The public identifier included in the DOCTYPE declaration must reference one of the three DTDs found in DTDs using the respective Formal Public Identifier. The system identifier may be changed to reflect local system conventions.

    + +
    +<!DOCTYPE html 
+     PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Strict//EN"
+     "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-strict.dtd">
+
+<!DOCTYPE html 
+     PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN"
+     "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
+
+<!DOCTYPE html 
+     PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Frameset//EN"
+     "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-frameset.dtd">
+
+
    +
    5. + +
  5. +

    The DTD subset must not be used to override any parameter entities in the DTD.

    +
    6. +
+ +

An XML declaration is not required in all XML documents; however XHTML document authors are strongly encouraged to use XML declarations in all their documents. Such a +declaration is required when the character encoding of the document is other than the default UTF-8 or UTF-16 and no encoding was determined by a higher-level protocol. Here is +an example of an XHTML document. In this example, the XML declaration is included.

+ +
+
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
+<!DOCTYPE html 
+     PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Strict//EN"
+    "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-strict.dtd">
+<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en" lang="en">
+  <head>
+    <title>Virtual Library</title>
+  </head>
+  <body>
+    <p>Moved to <a href="http://example.org/">example.org</a>.</p>
+  </body>
+</html>
+
+
+
+ +

3.1.2. Using XHTML with other namespaces

+ +

The XHTML namespace may be used with other XML namespaces as per [ XMLNS +], although such documents are not strictly conforming XHTML 1.0 documents as defined above. Work by W3C is addressing ways to +specify conformance for documents involving multiple namespaces. For an example, see [ +XHTML+MathML ].

+ +

The following example shows the way in which XHTML 1.0 could be used in conjunction with the MathML Recommendation:

+ +
+
+<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en" lang="en">
+  <head>
+    <title>A Math Example</title>
+  </head>
+  <body>
+    <p>The following is MathML markup:</p>
+    <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
+      <apply> <log/>
+        <logbase>
+          <cn> 3 </cn>
+        </logbase>
+        <ci> x </ci>
+      </apply>
+    </math>
+  </body>
+</html>
+
+
+ +

The following example shows the way in which XHTML 1.0 markup could be incorporated into another XML namespace:

+ +
+
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
+<!-- initially, the default namespace is "books" -->
+<book xmlns='urn:loc.gov:books'
+    xmlns:isbn='urn:ISBN:0-395-36341-6' xml:lang="en" lang="en">
+  <title>Cheaper by the Dozen</title>
+  <isbn:number>1568491379</isbn:number>
+  <notes>
+    <!-- make HTML the default namespace for a hypertext commentary -->
+    <p xmlns='http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml'>
+        This is also available <a href="http://www.w3.org/">online</a>.
+    </p>
+  </notes>
+</book>
+
+
+ +

3.2. User Agent Conformance

+ +

A conforming user agent must meet all of the following criteria:

+ +
    +
  1. In order to be consistent with the XML 1.0 Recommendation [ XML ], +the user agent must parse and evaluate an XHTML document for well-formedness. If the user agent claims to be a validating user agent, it must also validate documents against their referenced DTDs +according to [ XML ].
    2. + +
  2. When the user agent claims to support facilities defined within this specification or required by this specification through normative reference, it must do so in ways +consistent with the facilities' definition.
    3. + +
  3. When a user agent processes an XHTML document as generic XML, it shall only recognize attributes of type ID (i.e. the id attribute on most +XHTML elements) as fragment identifiers.
    4. + +
  4. If a user agent encounters an element it does not recognize, it must process the element's content.
    5. + +
  5. If a user agent encounters an attribute it does not recognize, it must ignore the entire attribute specification (i.e., the attribute and its value).
    6. + +
  6. If a user agent encounters an attribute value it does not recognize, it must use the default attribute value.
    7. + +
  7. If it encounters an entity reference (other than one of the entities defined in this recommendation or in the XML recommendation) for which the user agent has processed no declaration (which could happen if the declaration is in the external subset which the user agent hasn't read), the entity +reference should be processed as the characters (starting with the ampersand and ending with the semi-colon) that make up the entity reference.
    8. + +
  8. When processing content, user agents that encounter characters or character entity references that are recognized but not renderable +may substitute another rendering that gives the same meaning, or must display the document in such a way that it is obvious to the user that normal rendering has not +taken place.
    9. + +
  9. +

    White space is handled according to the following rules. The following characters are defined in [ XML ] white space characters:

    + +
      +
    • SPACE (&#x0020;)
      • + +
    • HORIZONTAL TABULATION (&#x0009;)
      • + +
    • CARRIAGE RETURN (&#x000D;)
      • + +
    • LINE FEED (&#x000A;)
      • +
    + +

    The XML processor normalizes different systems' line end codes into one single LINE FEED character, that is passed up to the +application.

    + +

    The user agent must use the definition from CSS for processing whitespace +characters [ CSS2 ]. Note that the +CSS2 recommendation does not explicitly address the issue of whitespace handling in non-Latin character sets. This will be addressed in a future version of CSS, at which time this reference will be +updated.

    +
    10. +
+ +

Note that in order to produce a Canonical XHTML document, the rules above +must be applied and the rules in [ +XMLC14N ] must also be applied to the document.

+ +

4. Differences with HTML 4

+ +

This section is informative.

+ +

Due to the fact that XHTML is an XML application, certain practices that were perfectly legal in SGML-based HTML 4 [ HTML4 ] must be changed.

+ +

4.1. Documents must be well-formed

+ +

Well-formedness is a new concept introduced by [ XML ]. Essentially this means that all elements must either have closing tags or be written in a special form (as described below), and that all the elements must nest properly.

+ +

Although overlapping is illegal in SGML, it is widely tolerated in existing browsers.

+ +

CORRECT: nested elements.

+ +
+

<p>here is an emphasized <em>paragraph</em>.</p>

+
+ +

INCORRECT: overlapping elements

+ +
+

<p>here is an emphasized <em>paragraph.</p></em>

+
+ +

4.2. Element and attribute names must be in lower case

+ +

XHTML documents must use lower case for all HTML element and attribute names. This difference is necessary because XML is case-sensitive e.g. <li> and <LI> are different tags.

+ +

4.3. For non-empty elements, end tags are required

+ +

In SGML-based HTML 4 certain elements were permitted to omit the end tag; with the elements that followed implying closure. XML does not allow +end tags to be omitted. All elements other than those declared in the DTD as EMPTY must have an end tag. Elements that are declared in the DTD as +EMPTY can have an end tag or can use empty element shorthand +(see Empty Elements ).

+ +

CORRECT: terminated elements

+ +
+

<p>here is a paragraph.</p><p>here is another paragraph.</p>

+
+ +

INCORRECT: unterminated elements

+ +
+

<p>here is a paragraph.<p>here is another paragraph.

+
+ +

4.4. Attribute values must always be quoted

+ +

All attribute values must be quoted, even those which appear to be numeric.

+ +

CORRECT: quoted attribute values

+ +
+

<td rowspan="3">

+
+ +

INCORRECT: unquoted attribute values

+ +
+

<td rowspan=3>

+
+ +

4.5. Attribute Minimization

+ +

XML does not support attribute minimization. Attribute-value pairs must be written in full. Attribute names such as compact and checked cannot occur in elements without +their value being specified.

+ +

CORRECT: unminimized attributes

+ +
+

<dl compact="compact">

+
+ +

INCORRECT: minimized attributes

+ +
+

<dl compact>

+
+ +

4.6. Empty Elements

+ +

Empty elements must either have an end tag or the start tag must end with /> . For instance, <br/> or <hr></hr> . See HTML Compatibility Guidelines for information on ways to ensure this is backward compatible with HTML 4 user agents.

+ +

CORRECT: terminated empty elements

+ +
+

<br/><hr/>

+
+ +

INCORRECT: unterminated empty elements

+ +
+

<br><hr>

+
+ +

4.7. White Space handling in attribute values

+ +

When user agents process attributes, they do so according to +Section 3.3.3 of [ XML ]:

+ + + +

4.8. Script and Style elements

+ +

In XHTML, the script and style elements are declared as having #PCDATA content. As a result, < and & will be treated as the start of markup, and +entities such as &lt; and &amp; will be recognized as entity references by the XML processor to < and & respectively. Wrapping the +content of the script or style element within a CDATA marked section avoids the expansion of these entities.

+ +
+
+<script type="text/javascript">
+<![CDATA[
+... unescaped script content ...
+]]>
+</script>
+
+
+
+ +

CDATA sections are recognized by the XML processor and appear as nodes in the Document Object Model, see Section 1.3 of the DOM Level 1 Recommendation [ DOM ].

+ +

An alternative is to use external script and style documents.

+ +

4.9. SGML exclusions

+ +

SGML gives the writer of a DTD the ability to exclude specific elements from being contained within an element. Such prohibitions (called "exclusions") are not possible in XML.

+ +

For example, the HTML 4 Strict DTD forbids the nesting of an ' a ' element within another ' a ' element to any descendant depth. It is not possible to spell out such +prohibitions in XML. Even though these prohibitions cannot be defined in the DTD, certain elements should not be nested. A summary of such elements and the elements that should not be nested in them +is found in the normative Element Prohibitions .

+ +

4.10. The elements with 'id' and 'name' attributes

+ +

HTML 4 defined the name attribute for the elements a , applet , form , frame , iframe , img , and +map . HTML 4 also introduced the id attribute. Both of these attributes are designed to be used as fragment identifiers.

+ +

In XML, fragment identifiers are of type ID , and there can only be a single attribute of type ID per element. Therefore, in XHTML 1.0 the id attribute is +defined to be of type ID . In order to ensure that XHTML 1.0 documents are well-structured XML documents, XHTML 1.0 documents MUST use the id attribute when defining +fragment identifiers on the elements listed above. See the HTML Compatibility +Guidelines for information on ensuring such anchors are backward compatible when serving XHTML documents as media type text/html .

+ +

Note that in XHTML 1.0, the name attribute of these elements is formally deprecated, and will be removed in a subsequent version of XHTML.

+ +

4.11. Attributes with pre-defined value sets

+ +

HTML 4 and XHTML both have some attributes that have pre-defined and limited sets of values (e.g. the type attribute of the input element). In SGML and XML, these are called enumerated +attributes .Under HTML 4, the interpretation of these values was case-insensitive ,so a value +of TEXT was equivalent to a value of text .Under XML, +the interpretation of these values is case-sensitive ,and in XHTML 1 all of these values are defined in lower-case.

+ +

4.12. Entity references as hex values

+ +

SGML and XML both permit references to characters by using hexadecimal values. In SGML these references could be made using either &#Xnn; or &#xnn;. In XML +documents, you must use the lower-case version (i.e. &#xnn;)

+ +

5. Compatibility Issues

+ +

This section is normative.

+ +

Although there is no requirement for XHTML 1.0 documents to be compatible with existing user agents, in practice this is easy to accomplish. Guidelines for creating compatible documents can be +found in Appendix C .

+ +

5.1. Internet Media Type

+ +

XHTML Documents which follow the guidelines set forth in Appendix C , "HTML Compatibility Guidelines" may be labeled with the Internet Media Type +"text/html" [ RFC2854 ], as they are compatible with most HTML browsers. Those documents, and any other document conforming to this specification, may also be labeled with the Internet Media Type "application/xhtml+xml" as defined in [ +RFC3236 ]. For further information on using media types with XHTML, see the +informative note [ XHTMLMIME ].

+ +

A. DTDs

+ +

This appendix is normative.

+ +

These DTDs and entity sets form a normative part of this specification. The complete set of DTD files together with an XML declaration and SGML Open Catalog is included in the zip file and the gzip'd tar file for this specification. Users looking for +local copies of the DTDs to work with should download and use those archives rather than using the specific DTDs referenced below.

+ +

A.1. Document Type Definitions

+ +

These DTDs approximate the HTML 4 DTDs. The W3C recommends that you use the authoritative versions of these DTDs at their defined SYSTEM +identifiers when validating content. If you need to use these DTDs locally you should download one of the archives of this version .For completeness, the normative versions of the DTDs are included here:

+ +

A.1.1. XHTML-1.0-Strict

+ +

The file DTD/xhtml1-strict.dtd is a normative part of this specification. The +annotated contents of this file are available in this separate section for +completeness.

+ +

A.1.2. XHTML-1.0-Transitional

+ +

The file DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd is a normative part of this +specification. The annotated contents of this file are available in this separate section for completeness.

+ +

A.1.3. XHTML-1.0-Frameset

+ +

The file DTD/xhtml1-frameset.dtd is a normative part of this specification. +The annotated contents of this file are available in this separate section for +completeness.

+ +

A.2. Entity Sets

+ +

The XHTML entity sets are the same as for HTML 4, but have been modified to be valid XML 1.0 entity declarations. Note the entity for the Euro currency sign ( &euro; or +&#8364; or &#x20AC; ) is defined as part of the special characters.

+ +

A.2.1. Latin-1 characters

+ +

The file DTD/xhtml-lat1.ent is a normative part of this specification. The +annotated contents of this file are available in this separate section for +completeness.

+ +

A.2.2. Special characters

+ +

The file DTD/xhtml-special.ent is a normative part of this specification. The +annotated contents of this file are available in this separate section for +completeness.

+ +

A.2.3. Symbols

+ +

The file DTD/xhtml-symbol.ent is a normative part of this specification. The +annotated contents of this file are available in this separate section for completeness.

+ +

B. Element Prohibitions

+ +

This appendix is normative.

+ +

The following elements have prohibitions on which elements they can contain (see SGML Exclusions ). This prohibition applies to all depths of +nesting, i.e. it contains all the descendant elements.

+ +
+
a
+ +
must not contain other a elements.
+ +
pre
+ +
must not contain the img , object , big , small , sub , or sup elements.
+ +
button
+ +
must not contain the input , select , textarea , label , button , form , +fieldset , iframe or isindex elements.
+ +
label
+ +
must not contain other label elements.
+ +
form
+ +
must not contain other form elements.
+
+ +

C. HTML Compatibility Guidelines

+ +

This appendix is informative.

+ +

This appendix summarizes design guidelines for authors who wish their XHTML documents to render on existing HTML user agents. Note that this recommendation does not +define how HTML conforming user agents should process HTML documents. Nor does it define the meaning of the Internet Media Type text/html .For these definitions, see [ HTML4 ] and [ RFC2854 ] respectively.

+ +

C.1. Processing Instructions and the XML Declaration

+ +

Be aware that processing instructions are rendered on some user agents. Also, some user agents interpret the XML declaration to mean that the document is unrecognized XML +rather than HTML, and therefore may not render the document as expected. For compatibility with these types of legacy browsers, you may want to avoid using processing instructions and XML +declarations. Remember, however, that when the XML declaration is not included in a document, the document can only use the default character encodings UTF-8 or UTF-16.

+ +

C.2. Empty Elements

+ +

Include a space before the trailing / and > of empty elements, e.g. <br /> , <hr /> +and <img src="karen.jpg" alt="Karen" /> . Also, use the minimized tag syntax for empty elements, e.g. <br /> , as the +alternative syntax <br></br> allowed by XML gives uncertain results in many existing user agents.

+ +

C.3. Element Minimization and Empty Element Content

+ +

Given an empty instance of an element whose content model is not EMPTY (for example, an empty title or paragraph) do not use the minimized form (e.g. use +<p> </p> and not <p /> ).

+ +

C.4. Embedded Style Sheets and Scripts

+ +

Use external style sheets if your style sheet uses < or & or ]]> or -- . Use external scripts if your script uses < or +& or ]]> or -- . Note that XML parsers are permitted to silently remove the contents of comments. Therefore, the historical practice of "hiding" scripts +and style sheets within "comments" to make the documents backward compatible is likely to not work as expected in XML-based user +agents.

+ +

C.5. Line Breaks within Attribute Values

+ +

Avoid line breaks and multiple white space characters within attribute values. These are handled inconsistently by user agents.

+ +

C.6. Isindex

+ +

Don't include more than one isindex element in the document head . The isindex element is deprecated in favor of the input element.

+ +

C.7. The lang and xml:lang Attributes

+ +

Use both the lang and xml:lang attributes when specifying the language of an element. The value of the xml:lang attribute takes precedence.

+ +

C.8. Fragment Identifiers

+ +

In XML, URI -references [ RFC2396 ] that end +with fragment identifiers of the form "#foo" do not refer to elements with an attribute name="foo" ; rather, they refer to elements with an attribute defined to be of type +ID , e.g., the id attribute in HTML 4. Many existing HTML clients don't support the use of ID -type attributes in this way, so identical values may be supplied +for both of these attributes to ensure maximum forward and backward compatibility (e.g., <a id="foo" name="foo">...</a> ).

+ +

Further, since the set of legal values for attributes of type ID is much smaller than for those of type CDATA , the type of the name attribute has been +changed to NMTOKEN . This attribute is constrained such that it can only have the same values as type ID , or as the Name production in XML 1.0 Section 2.3, production 5. Unfortunately, this constraint cannot be expressed in the XHTML 1.0 DTDs. Because of this change, care must be taken when converting existing HTML +documents. The values of these attributes must be unique within the document, valid, and any references to these fragment identifiers (both internal and external) must be updated should the values be +changed during conversion.

+ +

Note that the collection of legal values in XML 1.0 Section 2.3, production 5 is much larger than that permitted to be used in the +ID and NAME types defined in HTML 4. When defining fragment identifiers to be +backward-compatible, only strings matching the pattern [A-Za-z][A-Za-z0-9:_.-]* should be used. See Section 6.2 of [ +HTML4 ] for more information.

+ +

Finally, note that XHTML 1.0 has deprecated the name attribute of the a , applet , form , frame , iframe , +img , and map elements, and it will be removed from XHTML in subsequent versions.

+ +

C.9. Character Encoding

+ +

Historically, the character encoding of an HTML document is either specified by a web server via the charset parameter of the HTTP Content-Type +header, or via a meta element in the document itself. In an XML document, the character encoding of the document is specified on the XML declaration (e.g., <?xml version="1.0" encoding="EUC-JP"?> ). In order to portably present documents with specific character encodings, the best approach is to +ensure that the web server provides the correct headers. If this is not possible, a document that wants to set its character encoding explicitly must include both the XML declaration an encoding +declaration and a meta http-equiv statement (e.g., <meta http-equiv="Content-type" +content="text/html; charset=EUC-JP" /> ). In XHTML-conforming user agents, the value of the encoding declaration of +the XML declaration takes precedence.

+ +

Note: be aware that if a document must include the character encoding declaration in a meta http-equiv statement, that document may always be interpreted by HTTP servers +and/or user agents as being of the internet media type defined in that statement. If a document is to be served as multiple media types, the HTTP server must be used to set the encoding of the +document.

+ +

C.10. Boolean Attributes

+ +

Some HTML user agents are unable to interpret boolean attributes when these appear in their full (non-minimized) form, as required by XML 1.0. Note this problem doesn't affect user agents +compliant with HTML 4. The following attributes are involved: compact , nowrap , ismap , declare , noshade , checked , +disabled , readonly , multiple , selected , noresize , defer .

+ +

C.11. Document Object Model and XHTML

+ +

The Document Object Model level 1 Recommendation [ DOM ] defines document object model interfaces for XML and HTML 4. The HTML 4 document object model specifies +that HTML element and attribute names are returned in upper-case. The XML document object model specifies that element and attribute names are returned in the case they are specified. In XHTML 1.0, +elements and attributes are specified in lower-case. This apparent difference can be addressed in two ways:

+ +
    +
  1. User agents that access XHTML documents served as Internet media type text/html via the DOM can use the HTML +DOM, and can rely upon element and attribute names being returned in upper-case from those interfaces.
    2. + +
  2. User agents that access XHTML documents served as Internet media types text/xml , application/xml , or +application/xhtml+xml can also use the XML DOM. Elements and attributes will be returned in lower-case. Also, some XHTML elements may or may not appear in the +object tree because they are optional in the content model (e.g. the tbody element within table ). This occurs because in HTML 4 some elements were permitted to be minimized +such that their start and end tags are both omitted (an SGML feature). This is not possible in XML. Rather than require document authors to insert extraneous elements, XHTML has made the elements +optional. User agents need to adapt to this accordingly. For further information on this topic, see [ +DOM2 ]
    3. +
+ +

C.12. Using Ampersands in Attribute Values (and Elsewhere)

+ +

In both SGML and XML, the ampersand character ("&") declares the beginning of an entity reference (e.g., &reg; for the registered +trademark symbol "®"). Unfortunately, many HTML user agents have silently ignored incorrect usage of the ampersand character in HTML documents - treating ampersands that do not look like entity +references as literal ampersands. XML-based user agents will not tolerate this incorrect usage, and any document that uses an ampersand incorrectly will not be "valid", +and consequently will not conform to this specification. In order to ensure that documents are compatible with historical HTML user agents and XML-based user agents, ampersands used in a document +that are to be treated as literal characters must be expressed themselves as an entity reference (e.g. " &amp; "). +For example, when the href attribute of the a element refers to a CGI script that takes parameters, it must be expressed as +http://my.site.dom/cgi-bin/myscript.pl?class=guest&amp;name=user rather than as http://my.site.dom/cgi-bin/myscript.pl?class=guest&name=user .

+ +

C.13. Cascading Style Sheets (CSS) and XHTML

+ +

The Cascading Style Sheets level 2 Recommendation [ CSS2 ] defines style properties which are applied to the parse tree of the HTML or XML documents. Differences in parsing will produce different visual or aural results, depending on the selectors used. The following hints will reduce this effect for documents which +are served without modification as both media types:

+ +
    +
  1. CSS style sheets for XHTML should use lower case element and attribute names.
    2. + +
  2. In tables, the tbody element will be inferred by the parser of an HTML user agent, but not by the parser of an XML user agent. Therefore you should always explicitly add a tbody element if it is +referred to in a CSS selector.
    3. + +
  3. Within the XHTML namespace, user agents are expected to recognize the "id" attribute as an attribute of type ID. Therefore, style sheets should be able to continue +using the shorthand "#" selector syntax even if the user agent does not read the DTD.
    4. + +
  4. Within the XHTML namespace, user agents are expected to recognize the "class" attribute. Therefore, style sheets should be able to continue using the shorthand "." +selector syntax.
    5. + +
  5. CSS defines different conformance rules for HTML and XML documents; be aware that the HTML rules apply to XHTML documents delivered as HTML and the XML rules apply to XHTML documents delivered as +XML.
    6. +
+ +

C.14. Referencing Style Elements when serving as XML

+ +

In HTML 4 and XHTML, the style element can be used to define document-internal style rules. In XML, +an XML stylesheet declaration is used to define style rules. In order to be compatible with this convention, style elements +should have their fragment identifier set using the id attribute, and an XML stylesheet declaration should reference this +fragment. For example:

+ +
+
+<?xml-stylesheet href="W3C-REC.css" type="text/css"?>
+<?xml-stylesheet href="#internalStyle" type="text/css"?>
+<!DOCTYPE html 
+     PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Strict//EN"
+     "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-strict.dtd">
+<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en" lang="en">
+<head>
+<title>An internal stylesheet example</title>
+<style type="text/css" id="internalStyle">
+  code {
+    color: green;
+    font-family: monospace;
+    font-weight: bold;
+  }
+</style>
+</head>
+<body>
+<p>
+  This is text that uses our 
+  <code>internal stylesheet</code>.
+</p>
+</body>
+</html>
+
+
+
+ +

C.15. White Space Characters in HTML vs. XML

+ +

Some characters that are legal in HTML documents, are illegal in XML document. For example, in HTML, the Formfeed character (U+000C) is treated as white space, in XHTML, due +to XML's definition of characters, it is illegal.

+ +

C.16. The Named Character Reference &apos;

+ +

The named character reference &apos; (the apostrophe, U+0027) was introduced in XML 1.0 but does +not appear in HTML. Authors should therefore use &#39; instead of +&apos; to work as expected in HTML 4 user agents.

+ +

D. Acknowledgements

+ +

This appendix is informative.

+ +

This specification was written with the participation of the members of the W3C HTML Working Group.

+ +

At publication of the second edition, the membership was:

+ +
+
Steven Pemberton, CWI/W3C (HTML Working Group Chair)
+Daniel Austin, Grainger
+Jonny Axelsson, Opera Software
+Tantek Çelik, Microsoft
+Doug Dominiak, Openwave Systems
+Herman Elenbaas, Philips Electronics
+Beth Epperson, Netscape/ AOL
+Masayasu Ishikawa, W3C (HTML Activity Lead)
+Shin'ichi Matsui, Panasonic
+Shane McCarron, Applied Testing and Technology
+Ann Navarro, WebGeek, Inc.
+Subramanian Peruvemba, Oracle
+Rob Relyea, Microsoft
+Sebastian Schnitzenbaumer, SAP
+Peter Stark, Sony Ericsson
+
+
+ +

At publication of the first edition, the membership was:

+ +
+
Steven Pemberton, CWI (HTML Working Group Chair)
+Murray Altheim, Sun Microsystems
+Daniel Austin, AskJeeves (CNET: The Computer Network through July 1999)
+Frank Boumphrey, HTML Writers Guild
+John Burger, Mitre
+Andrew W. Donoho, IBM
+Sam Dooley, IBM
+Klaus Hofrichter, GMD
+Philipp Hoschka, W3C
+Masayasu Ishikawa, W3C
+Warner ten Kate, Philips Electronics
+Peter King, Phone.com
+Paula Klante, JetForm
+Shin'ichi Matsui, Panasonic (W3C visiting engineer through September 1999)
+Shane McCarron, Applied Testing and Technology (The Open Group through August 1999)
+Ann Navarro, HTML Writers Guild
+Zach Nies, Quark
+Dave Raggett, W3C/HP (HTML Activity Lead)
+Patrick Schmitz, Microsoft
+Sebastian Schnitzenbaumer, Stack Overflow
+Peter Stark, Phone.com
+Chris Wilson, Microsoft
+Ted Wugofski, Gateway 2000
+Dan Zigmond, WebTV Networks
+
+ +

E. References

+ +

This appendix is informative.

+ +
+
[CSS2]
+ +
" Cascading Style Sheets, level 2 (CSS2) +Specification ", B. Bos, H. W. Lie, C. Lilley, I. Jacobs, 12 May 1998.
+Latest version available at: http://www.w3.org/TR/REC-CSS2
+ +
[DOM]
+ +
" Document Object Model (DOM) Level 1 +Specification ", Lauren Wood et al. , 1 October 1998.
+Latest version available at: http://www.w3.org/TR/REC-DOM-Level-1
+ +
[DOM2]
+ +
" Document Object Model (DOM) Level 2 Core +Specification ", A. Le Hors, et al. ,13 November +2000.
+Latest version available at: http://www.w3.org/TR/DOM-Level-2-Core
+ +
[HTML]
+ +
" HTML 4.01 Specification ", D. Raggett, A. Le Hors, I. Jacobs, 24 December 1999.
+Latest version available at: http://www.w3.org/TR/html401
+ +
[POSIX.1]
+ +
" ISO/IEC 9945-1:1990 Information Technology - Portable Operating System Interface (POSIX) - Part 1: System Application Program +Interface (API) [C Language] ", Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc, 1990.
+ +
[RFC2045]
+ +
" Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions (MIME) Part One: Format of Internet Message +Bodies ", N. Freed and N. Borenstein, November 1996. Note that this RFC obsoletes RFC1521, RFC1522, and RFC1590.
+ +
[RFC2046]
+ +
" RFC2046: Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions (MIME) Part Two: Media Types ", N. Freed and N. Borenstein, November 1996.
+Available at http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc2046.txt . Note that this RFC obsoletes RFC1521, RFC1522, and RFC1590.
+ +
[RFC2119]
+ +
" RFC2119: Key words for use in RFCs to Indicate Requirement Levels ", S. Bradner, March 1997.
+Available at: http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc2119.txt
+ +
[RFC2376]
+ +
" RFC2376: XML Media Types ", E. Whitehead, M. Murata, July 1998.
+This document is obsoleted by [ RFC3023 ].
+Available at: http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc2376.txt
+ +
[RFC2396]
+ +
" RFC2396: Uniform Resource Identifiers (URI): Generic +Syntax ", T. Berners-Lee, R. Fielding, L. Masinter, August 1998.
+This document updates RFC1738 and RFC1808.
+Available at: http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc2396.txt
+ +
[RFC2854]
+ +
" RFC2854: The text/html Media Type ", D. +Conolly, L. Masinter, June 2000.
+Available at: http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc2854.txt
+ +
[RFC3023]
+ +
" RFC3023: XML Media Types ", M. Murata, S. +St.Laurent, D. Kohn, January 2001.
+This document obsoletes [ RFC2376 ].
+Available at: http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc3023.txt
+ +
[RFC3066]
+ +
" Tags for the Identification of Languages ", H. Alvestrand, +January 2001.
+Available at: http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc3066.txt
+ +
[RFC3236]
+ +
" The 'application/xhtml+xml' Media Type ", M. Baker, P. +Stark, January 2002.
+Available at: http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc3236.txt
+ +
[XHTML+MathML]
+ +
" XHTML plus Math 1.1 DTD ", "A.2 MathML as a DTD Module", Mathematical Markup Language (MathML) Version 2.0. Available at: +http://www.w3.org/TR/MathML2/dtd/xhtml-math11-f.dtd
+ +
[XHTMLMIME]
+ +
" XHTML Media Types ", +Masayasu Ishikawa, 1 August 2002.
+Latest version available at: http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml-media-types
+ +
[XHTMLMOD]
+ +
" Modularization of XHTML ", M. Altheim et al., 10 April 2001.
+Latest version available at: http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml-modularization
+ +
[XML]
+ +
" Extensible Markup Language (XML) 1.0 Specification +(Second Edition) ", T. Bray, J. Paoli, C. M. Sperberg-McQueen, E. Maler, 6 October 2000.
+Latest version available at: http://www.w3.org/TR/REC-xml
+ +
[XMLNS]
+ +
" Namespaces in XML ", T. Bray, D. Hollander, A. Layman, 14 January 1999.
+XML namespaces provide a simple method for qualifying names used in XML documents by associating them with namespaces identified by URI.
+Latest version available at: http://www.w3.org/TR/REC-xml-names
+ +
[XMLC14N]
+ +
" Canonical XML Version 1.0 ", J. Boyer, 15 March +2001.
+This document describes a method for generating a physical representation, the canonical form, of an XML document.
+Latest version available at: http://www.w3.org/TR/xml-c14n
+
+ +

+"Level

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S +0 -578.4 M +gsave +0 setgray +227.9 -660 M +8 0 Nf +(- 1 -) S +0 setgray +255.4 40 M +6.29005432 0 Nf +( XHTML\237 1.0 The Extensible HyperText Markup Language \(Second Edition\)) S +0 40 M +(XHTML 1.0: The Extensible HyperText Markup Language \(Second Edition\)) S +0 -6.3 M +grestore +pgsave restore N +%%Page: 2 2 +%%PageResources: font Helvetica Helvetica-Oblique +%%PageBoundingBox: 57 44 556 755 +%%BeginPageSetup +/pgsave save D +71 706 translate +%%EndPageSetup +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +0 0 M +gsave +1.0 1.0 1.0 setrgbcolor +newpath +-14 14 M +484 14 L +484 -634 L +-14 -634 L +closepath +fill +grestore +0.6 setlinewidth +0 -20.4 M +0.0 0.313725501 0.698039234 setrgbcolor +[/View [/XYZ -4 706.000122 null] /Dest /91 /DEST pdfmark +[/View [/XYZ -4 706.000122 null] /Dest /6 /DEST pdfmark +[/View [/XYZ -4 706.000122 null] /Dest /6 /DEST pdfmark +%%IncludeResource: font Helvetica +17 0 Nf +(Status of this ) S +(document) S +0 -28.9 M +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +0 -44.6 M +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +%%IncludeResource: font Helvetica-Oblique +11 1 Nf +(This section describes the status of this document at the time of its publication. 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S +0 -321.8 M +(At the time of publication, the working group believed there were zero patent disclosures) S +0 -335 M +(relevant to this specification. A current list of patent disclosures relevant to this specification may) S +0 -348.2 M +(be found on the Working Group's ) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +(patent disclosure ) S +(page) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +[/Rect [163.458496 -350.948975 276.128174 -338.848969] /Subtype /Link /Border [0 0 1] /Action [/Subtype /URI /URI (http://www.w3.org/2002/07/HTML-IPR)] Cd /ANN pdfmark +(.) S +0 -372.4 M +(A list of current W3C Recommendations and other technical documents can be found at ) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +0 -385.6 M +(http://www.w3.org/TR) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +[/Rect [-1.0 -388.348877 106.135986 -376.248871] /Subtype /Link /Border [0 0 1] /Action [/Subtype /URI /URI (http://www.w3.org/TR)] Cd /ANN pdfmark +(.) 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S +[/View [/XYZ -4 706.000183 null] /Dest /9 /DEST pdfmark +( What is ) S +(XHTML?) S +0 -32.3 M +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +0 -47 M +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +%%IncludeResource: font Helvetica-Bold +11 2 Nf +(This section is ) S +(informative.) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +0 -71.2 M +11 0 Nf +(XHTML is a family of current and future document types and modules that reproduce, subset,) S +0 -84.4 M +(and extend HTML\2404 ) S +([) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +(HTML4) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +[/Rect [101.716553 -87.1496582 139.77417 -75.0496597] /Subtype /Link /Border [0 0 1] /Dest /70 /ANN pdfmark +( ) S +([p.) S +(31) S +(] ) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +(]. XHTML family document types are XML based, and) S +0 -97.6 M +(ultimately are designed to work in conjunction with XML-based user agents. 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S +(31) S +(] ) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +(]. ) S +11 -303.8 M +gsave +0 setgray +newpath +11.0 -303.769043 2.75 0 360 arc +closepath +fill +grestore +22 -307.4 M +(As the XHTML family evolves, documents conforming to XHTML 1.0 will be more likely to) S +22 -320.6 M +(interoperate within and among various XHTML ) S +(environments.) S +0 -344.8 M +(The XHTML family is the next step in the evolution of the Internet. By migrating to XHTML today,) S +0 -358 M +(content developers can enter the XML world with all of its attendant benefits, while still) S +0 -371.2 M +(remaining confident in their content's backward and future ) S +(compatibility.) S +0 -405.2 M +0.0 0.313725501 0.698039234 setrgbcolor +[/View [/XYZ -4 321.201508 null] /Dest /95 /DEST pdfmark +[/View [/XYZ -4 321.201508 null] /Dest /10 /DEST pdfmark +17 0 Nf +(1.1.) S +[/View [/XYZ -4 321.201508 null] /Dest /10 /DEST pdfmark +( What is ) S +(HTML\2404?) 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S +0 40 M +(XHTML 1.0: The Extensible HyperText Markup Language \(Second Edition\)) S +0 -8 M +grestore +pgsave restore N +%%Page: 6 6 +%%PageResources: font Helvetica +%%PageBoundingBox: 57 44 556 755 +%%BeginPageSetup +/pgsave save D +71 706 translate +%%EndPageSetup +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +0 0 M +gsave +1.0 1.0 1.0 setrgbcolor +newpath +-14 14 M +484 14 L +484 -634 L +-14 -634 L +closepath +fill +grestore +0.6 setlinewidth +0 -13.2 M +%%IncludeResource: font Helvetica +11 0 Nf +(HTML, as originally conceived, was to be a language for the exchange of scientific and other) S +0 -26.4 M +(technical documents, suitable for use by non-document specialists. HTML addressed the) S +0 -39.6 M +(problem of SGML complexity by specifying a small set of structural and semantic tags suitable) S +0 -52.8 M +(for authoring relatively simple documents. In addition to simplifying the document structure,) S +0 -66 M +(HTML added support for hypertext. 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Normative Definition of XHTML 1.0) S +0 40 M +(XHTML 1.0: The Extensible HyperText Markup Language \(Second Edition\)) S +44 -8 M +grestore +pgsave restore N +%%Page: 10 10 +%%PageResources: font Helvetica Courier +%%PageBoundingBox: 57 44 556 755 +%%BeginPageSetup +/pgsave save D +71 706 translate +%%EndPageSetup +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +0 0 M +gsave +1.0 1.0 1.0 setrgbcolor +newpath +-14 14 M +484 14 L +484 -634 L +-14 -634 L +closepath +fill +grestore +0.6 setlinewidth +0 -13.2 M +%%IncludeResource: font Helvetica +11 0 Nf +(An XML declaration is not required in all XML documents; however XHTML document authors) S +0 -26.4 M +(are strongly encouraged to use XML declarations in all their documents. Such a declaration is) S +0 -39.6 M +(required when the character encoding of the document is other than the default UTF-8 or) S +0 -52.8 M +(UTF-16 and no encoding was determined by a higher-level protocol. Here is an example of an) S +0 -66 M +(XHTML document. 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Moved to example.org.

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The following is MathML markup:

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) S +18 -64.8 M +( This is also available online.) S +18 -75.6 M +(

) S +18 -86.4 M +( ) S +18 -97.2 M +() S +0 -106.2 M +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +0 -131.2 M +0.0 0.313725501 0.698039234 setrgbcolor +[/View [/XYZ -4 595.202 null] /Dest /105 /DEST pdfmark +[/View [/XYZ -4 595.202 null] /Dest /22 /DEST pdfmark +%%IncludeResource: font Helvetica +17 0 Nf +(3.2.) S +[/View [/XYZ -4 595.202 null] /Dest /22 /DEST pdfmark +( User Agent ) S +(Conformance) S +0 -139.7 M +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +0 -155.4 M +11 0 Nf +(A conforming user agent must meet all of the following ) S +(criteria:) S +6.7 -179.6 M +(1. ) S +(In order to be consistent with the XML 1.0 Recommendation ) S +([) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +(XML) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +[/Rect [319.359131 -182.3479 343.974854 -170.247894] /Subtype /Link /Border [0 0 1] /Dest /84 /ANN pdfmark +( ) S +([p.) S +(32) S +(] ) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +(], the user agent) S +22 -192.8 M +(must parse and evaluate an XHTML document for well-formedness. If the user agent claims) S +22 -206 M +(to be a validating user agent, it must also validate documents against their referenced DTDs) S +22 -219.2 M +(according to ) S +([) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +(XML) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +[/Rect [87.0319824 -221.947754 111.647705 -209.847748] /Subtype /Link /Border [0 0 1] /Dest /84 /ANN pdfmark +( ) S +([p.) S +(32) S +(] ) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +(]. ) S +6.7 -233.4 M +(2. ) S +(When the user agent claims to support ) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +(facilities) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +[/Rect [212.364014 -236.147705 253.479248 -224.047699] /Subtype /Link /Border [0 0 1] /Dest /16 /ANN pdfmark +( ) S +([p.) S +(8) S +(] ) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +(defined within this specification or) S +22 -246.6 M +(required by this specification through normative reference, it must do so in ways consistent) S +22 -259.8 M +(with the facilities' definition. ) S +6.7 -274 M +(3. ) S +(When a user agent processes an XHTML document as generic XML, it shall only recognize) S +22 -287.2 M +11 0 Nf +(attributes of type ) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +11 4 Nf +(ID) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +11 0 Nf +( \(i.e. the ) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +11 4 Nf +(id) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +11 0 Nf +( attribute on most XHTML elements\) as fragment identifiers. ) S +6.7 -301.4 M +(4. ) S +(If a user agent encounters an element it does not recognize, it must process the element's) S +22 -314.6 M +(content. ) S +6.7 -328.8 M +(5. ) S +(If a user agent encounters an attribute it does not recognize, it must ignore the entire) S +22 -342 M +(attribute specification \(i.e., the attribute and its value\). ) S +6.7 -356.2 M +(6. ) S +(If a user agent encounters an attribute value it does not recognize, it must use the default) S +22 -369.4 M +(attribute value. ) S +6.7 -383.6 M +(7. ) S +(If it encounters an entity reference \(other than one of the entities defined in this) S +22 -396.8 M +(recommendation or in the XML recommendation\) for which the user agent has processed) S +22 -410 M +(no declaration \(which could happen if the declaration is in the external subset which the) S +22 -423.2 M +(user agent hasn't read\), the entity reference should be processed as the characters) S +22 -436.4 M +(\(starting with the ampersand and ending with the semi-colon\) that make up the entity) S +22 -449.6 M +(reference. ) S +6.7 -463.8 M +(8. ) S +(When processing content, user agents that encounter characters or character entity) S +22 -477 M +(references that are recognized but not renderable may substitute another rendering that) S +22 -490.2 M +(gives the same meaning, or must display the document in such a way that it is obvious to) S +22 -503.4 M +(the user that normal rendering has not taken place. ) S +6.7 -527.6 M +(9. ) S +(White space is handled according to the following rules. The following characters are) S +22 -540.8 M +(defined in ) S +([) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +(XML) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +[/Rect [74.8110352 -543.546631 99.4267578 -531.446655] /Subtype /Link /Border [0 0 1] /Dest /84 /ANN pdfmark +( ) S +([p.) S +(32) S +(] ) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +(] white space ) S +(characters:) S +33 -561.4 M +gsave +0 setgray +newpath +33.0 -561.366699 2.75 0 360 arc +closepath +fill +grestore +44 -565 M +(SPACE \( \) ) S +33 -575.6 M +gsave +0 setgray +newpath +33.0 -575.56665 2.75 0 360 arc +closepath +fill +grestore +44 -579.2 M +(HORIZONTAL TABULATION \( \) ) S +33 -589.8 M +gsave +0 setgray +newpath +33.0 -589.766602 2.75 0 360 arc +closepath +fill +grestore +44 -593.4 M +(CARRIAGE RETURN \( \) ) S +33 -604 M +gsave +0 setgray +newpath +33.0 -603.966553 2.75 0 360 arc +closepath +fill +grestore +44 -607.6 M +(LINE FEED ) S +(\( \)) S +22 -607.6 M +gsave +0 setgray +225.7 -660 M +8 0 Nf +(- 11 -) S +0 setgray +364.2 40 M +8 0 Nf +(3.2. User Agent Conformance) S +0 40 M +(XHTML 1.0: The Extensible HyperText Markup Language \(Second Edition\)) S +44 -8 M +grestore +pgsave restore N +%%Page: 12 12 +%%PageResources: font Helvetica Helvetica-Oblique +%%PageBoundingBox: 57 44 556 755 +%%BeginPageSetup +/pgsave save D +71 706 translate +%%EndPageSetup +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +0 0 M +gsave +1.0 1.0 1.0 setrgbcolor +newpath +-14 14 M +484 14 L +484 -634 L +-14 -634 L +closepath +fill +grestore +0.6 setlinewidth +22 -13.2 M +%%IncludeResource: font Helvetica +11 0 Nf +(The XML processor normalizes different systems' line end codes into one single LINE) S +22 -26.4 M +(FEED character, that is passed up to the ) S +(application.) S +22 -50.6 M +(The user agent must use the definition from CSS for processing whitespace characters ) S +22 -63.8 M +11 0 Nf +([) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +(CSS2) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +[/Rect [24.0578613 -66.5498047 54.7895508 -54.4498062] /Subtype /Link /Border [0 0 1] /Dest /67 /ANN pdfmark +( ) S +([p.) S +(31) S +(] ) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +(]. ) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +%%IncludeResource: font Helvetica-Oblique +11 1 Nf +(Note that the CSS2 recommendation does not explicitly address the issue of) S +22 -77 M +(whitespace handling in non-Latin character sets. This will be addressed in a future version) S +22 -90.2 M +11 1 Nf +(of CSS, at which time this reference will be ) S +(updated.) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +0 -114.4 M +11 0 Nf +(Note that in order to produce a Canonical XHTML document, the rules above must be applied) S +0 -127.6 M +(and the rules in ) S +([) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +(XMLC14N) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +[/Rect [80.3215332 -130.349609 133.052979 -118.249611] /Subtype /Link /Border [0 0 1] /Dest /86 /ANN pdfmark +( ) S +([p.) S +(32) S +(] ) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +(] must also be applied to the ) S +(document.) S +0 -138.6 M +gsave +0 setgray +225.7 -660 M +8 0 Nf +(- 12 -) S +0 setgray +205 40 M +8 0 Nf +(XHTML 1.0: The Extensible HyperText Markup Language \(Second Edition\)) S +0 40 M +(3.2. User Agent Conformance) S +0 -8 M +grestore +pgsave restore N +%%Page: 13 13 +%%PageResources: font Helvetica Helvetica-Oblique Helvetica-Bold +%%+ font Helvetica-BoldOblique Courier +%%PageBoundingBox: 57 44 556 755 +%%BeginPageSetup +/pgsave save D +71 706 translate +%%EndPageSetup +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +0 0 M +gsave +1.0 1.0 1.0 setrgbcolor +newpath +-14 14 M +484 14 L +484 -634 L +-14 -634 L +closepath +fill +grestore +0.6 setlinewidth +0 -22.8 M +0.0 0.313725501 0.698039234 setrgbcolor +[/View [/XYZ -4 706.000183 null] /Dest /106 /DEST pdfmark +[/View [/XYZ -4 706.000183 null] /Dest /23 /DEST pdfmark +%%IncludeResource: font Helvetica +19 0 Nf +(4.) S +[/View [/XYZ -4 706.000183 null] /Dest /23 /DEST pdfmark +( Differences with ) S +(HTML\2404) S +0 -32.3 M +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +0 -47 M +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +%%IncludeResource: font Helvetica-Bold +11 2 Nf +(This section is ) S +(informative.) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +0 -71.2 M +11 0 Nf +(Due to the fact that XHTML is an XML application, certain practices that were perfectly legal in) S +0 -84.4 M +(SGML-based HTML\2404 ) S +([) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +(HTML4) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +[/Rect [112.089355 -87.1496582 150.146973 -75.0496597] /Subtype /Link /Border [0 0 1] /Dest /70 /ANN pdfmark +( ) S +([p.) S +(31) S +(] ) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +(] must be ) S +(changed.) S +0 -118.4 M +0.0 0.313725501 0.698039234 setrgbcolor +[/View [/XYZ -4 608.00061 null] /Dest /107 /DEST pdfmark +[/View [/XYZ -4 608.00061 null] /Dest /24 /DEST pdfmark +17 0 Nf +(4.1.) S +[/View [/XYZ -4 608.00061 null] /Dest /24 /DEST pdfmark +( Documents must be ) S +(well-formed) S +0 -126.9 M +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +0 -142.6 M +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +11 0 Nf +(Well-formedness) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +[/Rect [-1.0 -145.349365 83.5097656 -133.249359] /Subtype /Link /Border [0 0 1] /Dest /17 /ANN pdfmark +( ) S +([p.) S +(8) S +(] ) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +(is a new concept introduced by ) S +([) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +(XML) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +[/Rect [266.163818 -145.349365 290.779541 -133.249359] /Subtype /Link /Border [0 0 1] /Dest /84 /ANN pdfmark +( ) S +([p.) S +(32) S +(] ) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +(]. Essentially this means that) S +0 -155.8 M +(all elements must either have closing tags or be written in a special form \(as described below\),) S +0 -169 M +(and that all the elements must nest ) S +(properly.) S +0 -193.2 M +(Although overlapping is illegal in SGML, it is widely tolerated in existing ) S +(browsers.) S +0 -217.4 M +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +%%IncludeResource: font Helvetica-BoldOblique +11 3 Nf +(CORRECT: nested ) S +(elements.) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +0 -241.6 M +11 0 Nf +(

here is an emphasized ) S +(paragraph.

) S +0 -265.8 M +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +11 3 Nf +(INCORRECT: overlapping ) S +(elements) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +0 -290 M +11 0 Nf +(

here is an emphasized ) S +(paragraph.

) S +0 -324 M +0.0 0.313725501 0.698039234 setrgbcolor +[/View [/XYZ -4 402.401215 null] /Dest /108 /DEST pdfmark +[/View [/XYZ -4 402.401215 null] /Dest /25 /DEST pdfmark +17 0 Nf +(4.2.) S +[/View [/XYZ -4 402.401215 null] /Dest /25 /DEST pdfmark +( Element and attribute names must be in lower ) S +(case) S +0 -332.5 M +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +0 -348.2 M +11 0 Nf +(XHTML documents must use lower case for all HTML element and attribute names. This) S +0 -361.4 M +(difference is necessary because XML is case-sensitive e.g.
  • and
  • are different ) S +(tags.) S +0 -395.4 M +0.0 0.313725501 0.698039234 setrgbcolor +[/View [/XYZ -4 331.001556 null] /Dest /109 /DEST pdfmark +[/View [/XYZ -4 331.001556 null] /Dest /26 /DEST pdfmark +17 0 Nf +(4.3.) S +[/View [/XYZ -4 331.001556 null] /Dest /26 /DEST pdfmark +( For non-empty elements, end tags are ) S +(required) S +0 -403.9 M +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +0 -419.6 M +11 0 Nf +(In SGML-based HTML 4 certain elements were permitted to omit the end tag; with the elements) S +0 -432.8 M +(that followed implying closure. XML does not allow end tags to be omitted. All elements other) S +0 -446 M +11 0 Nf +(than those declared in the DTD as ) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +%%IncludeResource: font Courier +11 4 Nf +(EMPTY) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +11 0 Nf +( must have an end tag. Elements that are declared in) S +0 -459.2 M +11 0 Nf +(the DTD as ) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +11 4 Nf +(EMPTY) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +11 0 Nf +( can have an end tag ) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +%%IncludeResource: font Helvetica-Oblique +11 1 Nf +(or) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +11 0 Nf +( can use empty element shorthand \(see ) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +(Empty ) S +[/Rect [402.518066 -461.948242 438.749512 -449.848236] /Subtype /Link /Border [0 0 1] /Dest /29 /ANN pdfmark +0 -472.4 M +(Elements) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +[/Rect [-1.0 -475.148193 46.8474121 -463.048187] /Subtype /Link /Border [0 0 1] /Dest /29 /ANN pdfmark +( ) S +([p.) S +(14) S +(] ) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +(\).) S +0 -496.6 M +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +11 3 Nf +(CORRECT: terminated ) S +(elements) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +0 -520.8 M +11 0 Nf +(

    here is a paragraph.

    here is another ) S +(paragraph.

    ) S +0 -545 M +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +11 3 Nf +(INCORRECT: unterminated ) S +(elements) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +0 -569.2 M +11 0 Nf +(

    here is a paragraph.

    here is another ) S +(paragraph.) S +0 -580.2 M +gsave +0 setgray +225.7 -660 M +8 0 Nf +(- 13 -) S +0 setgray +373.5 40 M +8 0 Nf +(4. Differences with HTML\2404) S +0 40 M +(XHTML 1.0: The Extensible HyperText Markup Language \(Second Edition\)) S +0 -8 M +grestore +pgsave restore N +%%Page: 14 14 +%%PageResources: font Helvetica Helvetica-BoldOblique Courier +%%PageBoundingBox: 57 44 556 755 +%%BeginPageSetup +/pgsave save D +71 706 translate +%%EndPageSetup +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +0 0 M +gsave +1.0 1.0 1.0 setrgbcolor +newpath +-14 14 M +484 14 L +484 -634 L +-14 -634 L +closepath +fill +grestore +0.6 setlinewidth +0 -20.4 M +0.0 0.313725501 0.698039234 setrgbcolor +[/View [/XYZ -4 706.000122 null] /Dest /110 /DEST pdfmark +[/View [/XYZ -4 706.000122 null] /Dest /27 /DEST pdfmark +%%IncludeResource: font Helvetica +17 0 Nf +(4.4.) S +[/View [/XYZ -4 706.000122 null] /Dest /27 /DEST pdfmark +( Attribute values must always be ) S +(quoted) S +0 -28.9 M +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +0 -44.6 M +11 0 Nf +(All attribute values must be quoted, even those which appear to be ) S +(numeric.) S +0 -68.8 M +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +%%IncludeResource: font Helvetica-BoldOblique +11 3 Nf +(CORRECT: quoted attribute ) S +(values) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +0 -93 M +11 0 Nf +() S +0 -117.2 M +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +11 3 Nf +(INCORRECT: unquoted attribute ) S +(values) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +0 -141.4 M +11 0 Nf +() S +0 -175.4 M +0.0 0.313725501 0.698039234 setrgbcolor +[/View [/XYZ -4 551.00061 null] /Dest /111 /DEST pdfmark +[/View [/XYZ -4 551.00061 null] /Dest /28 /DEST pdfmark +17 0 Nf +(4.5.) S +[/View [/XYZ -4 551.00061 null] /Dest /28 /DEST pdfmark +( Attribute ) S +(Minimization) S +0 -183.9 M +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +0 -199.6 M +11 0 Nf +(XML does not support attribute minimization. Attribute-value pairs must be written in full.) S +0 -212.8 M +11 0 Nf +(Attribute names such as ) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +%%IncludeResource: font Courier +11 4 Nf +(compact) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +11 0 Nf +( and ) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +11 4 Nf +(checked) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +11 0 Nf +( cannot occur in elements without their value) S +0 -226 M +(being ) S +(specified.) S +0 -250.2 M +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +11 3 Nf +(CORRECT: unminimized ) S +(attributes) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +0 -274.4 M +11 0 Nf +(

    ) S +0 -298.6 M +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +11 3 Nf +(INCORRECT: minimized ) S +(attributes) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +0 -322.8 M +11 0 Nf +(
    ) S +0 -356.8 M +0.0 0.313725501 0.698039234 setrgbcolor +[/View [/XYZ -4 369.601166 null] /Dest /112 /DEST pdfmark +[/View [/XYZ -4 369.601166 null] /Dest /29 /DEST pdfmark +17 0 Nf +(4.6.) S +[/View [/XYZ -4 369.601166 null] /Dest /29 /DEST pdfmark +( Empty ) S +(Elements) S +0 -365.3 M +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +0 -381 M +11 0 Nf +(Empty elements must either have an end tag or the start tag must end with ) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +11 4 Nf +(/>) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +11 0 Nf +(. For instance, ) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +0 -394.2 M +11 4 Nf +(
    ) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +11 0 Nf +( or ) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +11 4 Nf +(
    ) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +11 0 Nf +(. See ) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +(HTML Compatibility ) S +(Guidelines) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +[/Rect [136.034912 -396.94873 289.007568 -384.848724] /Subtype /Link /Border [0 0 1] /Dest /48 /ANN pdfmark +( ) S +([p.) S +(23) S +(] ) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +(for information on ways to) S +0 -407.4 M +(ensure this is backward compatible with HTML 4 user ) S +(agents.) S +0 -431.6 M +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +11 3 Nf +(CORRECT: terminated empty ) S +(elements) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +0 -455.8 M +11 0 Nf +(
    ) S +0 -480 M +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +11 3 Nf +(INCORRECT: unterminated empty ) S +(elements) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +0 -504.2 M +11 0 Nf +(
    ) S +0 -538.2 M +0.0 0.313725501 0.698039234 setrgbcolor +[/View [/XYZ -4 188.201782 null] /Dest /113 /DEST pdfmark +[/View [/XYZ -4 188.201782 null] /Dest /30 /DEST pdfmark +17 0 Nf +(4.7.) S +[/View [/XYZ -4 188.201782 null] /Dest /30 /DEST pdfmark +( White Space handling in attribute ) S +(values) S +0 -546.7 M +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +0 -562.4 M +11 0 Nf +(When user agents process attributes, they do so according to ) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +(Section ) S +(3.3.3) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +[/Rect [301.033691 -565.148193 367.239746 -553.048218] /Subtype /Link /Border [0 0 1] /Action [/Subtype /URI /URI (http://www.w3.org/TR/REC-xml#AVNormalize)] Cd /ANN pdfmark +( of ) S +([) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +(XML) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +[/Rect [383.587158 -565.148193 408.202881 -553.048218] /Subtype /Link /Border [0 0 1] /Dest /84 /ANN pdfmark +( ) S +([p.) S +(32) S +(] ) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +(]:) S +11 -583 M +gsave +0 setgray +newpath +11.0 -582.968262 2.75 0 360 arc +closepath +fill +grestore +22 -586.6 M +(Strip leading and trailing white space. ) S +11 -597.2 M +gsave +0 setgray +newpath +11.0 -597.168213 2.75 0 360 arc +closepath +fill +grestore +22 -600.8 M +(Map sequences of one or more white space characters \(including line breaks\) to a single) S +22 -614 M +(inter-word ) S +(space.) S +0 -614 M +gsave +0 setgray +225.7 -660 M +8 0 Nf +(- 14 -) S +0 setgray +205 40 M +8 0 Nf +(XHTML 1.0: The Extensible HyperText Markup Language \(Second Edition\)) S +0 40 M +(4.4. Attribute values must always be quoted) S +0 -8 M +grestore +pgsave restore N +%%Page: 15 15 +%%PageResources: font Helvetica Courier +%%PageBoundingBox: 57 44 556 755 +%%BeginPageSetup +/pgsave save D +71 706 translate +%%EndPageSetup +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +0 0 M +gsave +1.0 1.0 1.0 setrgbcolor +newpath +-14 14 M +484 14 L +484 -634 L +-14 -634 L +closepath +fill +grestore +0.6 setlinewidth +0 -20.4 M +0.0 0.313725501 0.698039234 setrgbcolor +[/View [/XYZ -4 706.000122 null] /Dest /114 /DEST pdfmark +[/View [/XYZ -4 706.000122 null] /Dest /31 /DEST pdfmark +%%IncludeResource: font Helvetica +17 0 Nf +(4.8.) S +[/View [/XYZ -4 706.000122 null] /Dest /31 /DEST pdfmark +( Script and Style ) S +(elements) S +0 -28.9 M +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +0 -44.6 M +11 0 Nf +(In XHTML, the script and style elements are declared as having ) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +%%IncludeResource: font Courier +11 4 Nf +(#PCDATA) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +11 0 Nf +( content. As a result, ) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +11 4 Nf +(<) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +0 -57.8 M +11 0 Nf +(and ) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +11 4 Nf +(&) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +11 0 Nf +( will be treated as the start of markup, and entities such as ) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +11 4 Nf +(<) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +11 0 Nf +( and ) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +11 4 Nf +(&) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +11 0 Nf +( will be) S +0 -71 M +11 0 Nf +(recognized as entity references by the XML processor to ) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +11 4 Nf +(<) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +11 0 Nf +( and ) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +11 4 Nf +(&) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +11 0 Nf +( respectively. Wrapping the) S +0 -84.2 M +11 0 Nf +(content of the script or style element within a ) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +11 4 Nf +(CDATA) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +11 0 Nf +( marked section avoids the expansion of) S +0 -97.4 M +(these ) S +(entities.) S +18 -119.2 M +9.0 4 Nf +() S +0 -171.4 M +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +0 -186.6 M +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +11 4 Nf +(CDATA) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +11 0 Nf +( sections are recognized by the XML processor and appear as nodes in the Document) S +0 -199.8 M +(Object Model, see ) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +(Section ) S +(1.3) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +[/Rect [90.7055664 -202.548584 147.737793 -190.448578] /Subtype /Link /Border [0 0 1] /Action [/Subtype /URI /URI (http://www.w3.org/TR/REC-DOM-Level-1/level-one-core.html#ID-E067D597)] Cd /ANN pdfmark +( of the DOM Level 1 Recommendation ) S +([) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +(DOM) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +[/Rect [338.927734 -202.548584 366.590332 -190.448578] /Subtype /Link /Border [0 0 1] /Dest /68 /ANN pdfmark +( ) S +([p.) S +(31) S +(] ) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +(].) S +0 -224 M +(An alternative is to use external script and style ) S +(documents.) S +0 -258 M +0.0 0.313725501 0.698039234 setrgbcolor +[/View [/XYZ -4 468.401703 null] /Dest /115 /DEST pdfmark +[/View [/XYZ -4 468.401703 null] /Dest /32 /DEST pdfmark +17 0 Nf +(4.9.) S +[/View [/XYZ -4 468.401703 null] /Dest /32 /DEST pdfmark +( SGML ) S +(exclusions) S +0 -266.5 M +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +0 -282.2 M +11 0 Nf +(SGML gives the writer of a DTD the ability to exclude specific elements from being contained) S +0 -295.4 M +(within an element. Such prohibitions \(called "exclusions"\) are not possible in ) S +(XML.) S +0 -319.6 M +11 0 Nf +(For example, the HTML 4 Strict DTD forbids the nesting of an ) S +(') S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +11 4 Nf +(a) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +11 0 Nf +(' element within another ) S +(') S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +11 4 Nf +(a) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +11 0 Nf +(') S +0 -332.8 M +(element to any descendant depth. It is not possible to spell out such prohibitions in XML. Even) S +0 -346 M +(though these prohibitions cannot be defined in the DTD, certain elements should not be nested.) S +0 -359.2 M +(A summary of such elements and the elements that should not be nested in them is found in the) S +0 -372.4 M +(normative ) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +(Element ) S +(Prohibitions) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +[/Rect [50.347168 -375.147949 153.215576 -363.047943] /Subtype /Link /Border [0 0 1] /Dest /47 /ANN pdfmark +( ) S +([p.) S +(21) S +(] ) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +(.) S +0 -406.4 M +0.0 0.313725501 0.698039234 setrgbcolor +[/View [/XYZ -4 320.002289 null] /Dest /116 /DEST pdfmark +[/View [/XYZ -4 320.002289 null] /Dest /33 /DEST pdfmark +17 0 Nf +(4.10.) S +[/View [/XYZ -4 320.002289 null] /Dest /33 /DEST pdfmark +( The elements with 'id' and 'name' ) S +(attributes) S +0 -414.9 M +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +0 -430.6 M +11 0 Nf +(HTML 4 defined the ) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +11 4 Nf +(name) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +11 0 Nf +( attribute for the elements ) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +11 4 Nf +(a) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +11 0 Nf +(, ) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +11 4 Nf +(applet) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +11 0 Nf +(, ) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +11 4 Nf +(form) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +11 0 Nf +(, ) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +11 4 Nf +(frame) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +11 0 Nf +(, ) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +11 4 Nf +(iframe) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +11 0 Nf +(, ) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +11 4 Nf +(img) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +11 0 Nf +(,) S +0 -443.8 M +11 0 Nf +(and ) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +11 4 Nf +(map) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +11 0 Nf +(. HTML 4 also introduced the ) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +11 4 Nf +(id) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +11 0 Nf +( attribute. Both of these attributes are designed to be) S +0 -457 M +(used as fragment ) S +(identifiers.) S +0 -481.2 M +11 0 Nf +(In XML, fragment identifiers are of type ) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +11 4 Nf +(ID) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +11 0 Nf +(, and there can only be a single attribute of type ) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +11 4 Nf +(ID) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +0 -494.4 M +11 0 Nf +(per element. Therefore, in XHTML 1.0 the ) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +11 4 Nf +(id) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +11 0 Nf +( attribute is defined to be of type ) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +11 4 Nf +(ID) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +11 0 Nf +(. In order to) S +0 -507.6 M +(ensure that XHTML 1.0 documents are well-structured XML documents, XHTML 1.0 documents) S +0 -520.8 M +11 0 Nf +(MUST use the ) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +11 4 Nf +(id) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +11 0 Nf +( attribute when defining fragment identifiers on the elements listed above. See) S +0 -534 M +(the ) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +(HTML Compatibility ) S +(Guidelines) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +[/Rect [17.3476562 -536.747314 170.320312 -524.647339] /Subtype /Link /Border [0 0 1] /Dest /48 /ANN pdfmark +( ) S +([p.) S +(23) S +(] ) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +(for information on ensuring such anchors are) S +0 -547.2 M +11 0 Nf +(backward compatible when serving XHTML documents as media type ) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +11 4 Nf +(text/html) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +11 0 Nf +(.) S +0 -571.4 M +11 0 Nf +(Note that in XHTML 1.0, the ) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +11 4 Nf +(name) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +11 0 Nf +( attribute of these elements is formally deprecated, and will be) S +0 -584.6 M +(removed in a subsequent version of ) S +(XHTML.) S +0 -584.6 M +gsave +0 setgray +225.7 -660 M +8 0 Nf +(- 15 -) S +0 setgray +363.7 40 M +8 0 Nf +(4.8. Script and Style elements) S +0 40 M +(XHTML 1.0: The Extensible HyperText Markup Language \(Second Edition\)) S +0 -8 M +grestore +pgsave restore N +%%Page: 16 16 +%%PageResources: font Helvetica Helvetica-Oblique Courier +%%PageBoundingBox: 57 44 556 755 +%%BeginPageSetup +/pgsave save D +71 706 translate +%%EndPageSetup +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +0 0 M +gsave +1.0 1.0 1.0 setrgbcolor +newpath +-14 14 M +484 14 L +484 -634 L +-14 -634 L +closepath +fill +grestore +0.6 setlinewidth +0 -20.4 M +0.0 0.313725501 0.698039234 setrgbcolor +[/View [/XYZ -4 706.000122 null] /Dest /117 /DEST pdfmark +[/View [/XYZ -4 706.000122 null] /Dest /34 /DEST pdfmark +%%IncludeResource: font Helvetica +17 0 Nf +(4.11.) S +[/View [/XYZ -4 706.000122 null] /Dest /34 /DEST pdfmark +( Attributes with pre-defined value ) S +(sets) S +0 -28.9 M +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +0 -44.6 M +11 0 Nf +(HTML 4 and XHTML both have some attributes that have pre-defined and limited sets of values) S +0 -57.8 M +11 0 Nf +(\(e.g. the ) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +%%IncludeResource: font Courier +11 4 Nf +(type) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +11 0 Nf +( attribute of the ) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +11 4 Nf +(input) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +11 0 Nf +( element\). In SGML and XML, these are called ) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +%%IncludeResource: font Helvetica-Oblique +11 1 Nf +(enumerated ) S +0 -71 M +11 1 Nf +(attributes) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +11 0 Nf +(. Under HTML 4, the interpretation of these values was ) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +11 1 Nf +(case-insensitive) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +11 0 Nf +(, so a value of ) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +0 -84.2 M +11 4 Nf +(TEXT) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +11 0 Nf +( was equivalent to a value of ) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +11 4 Nf +(text) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +11 0 Nf +(. Under XML, the interpretation of these values is ) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +0 -97.4 M +11 1 Nf +(case-sensitive) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +11 0 Nf +(, and in XHTML 1 all of these values are defined in ) S +(lower-case.) S +0 -131.4 M +0.0 0.313725501 0.698039234 setrgbcolor +[/View [/XYZ -4 595.00061 null] /Dest /118 /DEST pdfmark +[/View [/XYZ -4 595.00061 null] /Dest /35 /DEST pdfmark +17 0 Nf +(4.12.) S +[/View [/XYZ -4 595.00061 null] /Dest /35 /DEST pdfmark +( Entity references as hex ) S +(values) S +0 -139.9 M +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +0 -155.6 M +11 0 Nf +(SGML and XML both permit references to characters by using hexadecimal values. In SGML) S +0 -168.8 M +(these references could be made using either &#Xnn; or &#xnn;. In XML documents, you must) S +0 -182 M +(use the lower-case version \(i.e. ) S +(&#xnn;\)) S +0 -193 M +gsave +0 setgray +225.7 -660 M +8 0 Nf +(- 16 -) S +0 setgray +205 40 M +8 0 Nf +(XHTML 1.0: The Extensible HyperText Markup Language \(Second Edition\)) S +0 40 M +(4.11. Attributes with pre-defined value sets) S +0 -8 M +grestore +pgsave restore N +%%Page: 17 17 +%%PageResources: font Helvetica Helvetica-Bold +%%PageBoundingBox: 57 44 556 755 +%%BeginPageSetup +/pgsave save D +71 706 translate +%%EndPageSetup +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +0 0 M +gsave +1.0 1.0 1.0 setrgbcolor +newpath +-14 14 M +484 14 L +484 -634 L +-14 -634 L +closepath +fill +grestore +0.6 setlinewidth +0 -22.8 M +0.0 0.313725501 0.698039234 setrgbcolor +[/View [/XYZ -4 706.000183 null] /Dest /119 /DEST pdfmark +[/View [/XYZ -4 706.000183 null] /Dest /36 /DEST pdfmark +%%IncludeResource: font Helvetica +19 0 Nf +(5.) S +[/View [/XYZ -4 706.000183 null] /Dest /36 /DEST pdfmark +( Compatibility ) S +(Issues) S +0 -32.3 M +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +0 -47 M +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +%%IncludeResource: font Helvetica-Bold +11 2 Nf +(This section is ) S +(normative.) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +0 -71.2 M +11 0 Nf +(Although there is no requirement for XHTML 1.0 documents to be compatible with existing user) S +0 -84.4 M +(agents, in practice this is easy to accomplish. Guidelines for creating compatible documents can) S +0 -97.6 M +(be found in ) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +(Appendix\240C) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +[/Rect [56.4851074 -100.349609 115.343506 -88.2496109] /Subtype /Link /Border [0 0 1] /Dest /48 /ANN pdfmark +( ) S +([p.) S +(23) S +(] ) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +(.) S +0 -131.6 M +0.0 0.313725501 0.698039234 setrgbcolor +[/View [/XYZ -4 594.800659 null] /Dest /120 /DEST pdfmark +[/View [/XYZ -4 594.800659 null] /Dest /37 /DEST pdfmark +17 0 Nf +(5.1.) S +[/View [/XYZ -4 594.800659 null] /Dest /37 /DEST pdfmark +( Internet Media ) S +(Type) S +0 -140.1 M +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +0 -155.8 M +11 0 Nf +(XHTML Documents which follow the guidelines set forth in ) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +(Appendix ) S +(C) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +[/Rect [285.710449 -158.549316 344.568848 -146.44931] /Subtype /Link /Border [0 0 1] /Dest /48 /ANN pdfmark +( ) S +([p.) S +(23) S +(] ) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +(, "HTML) S +0 -169 M +(Compatibility Guidelines" may be labeled with the Internet Media Type "text/html" ) S +([) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +(RFC2854) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +[/Rect [398.919678 -171.749268 447.988281 -159.649261] /Subtype /Link /Border [0 0 1] /Dest /77 /ANN pdfmark +( ) S +0 -182.2 M +([p.) S +(32) S +(] ) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +(], as they are compatible with most HTML browsers. Those documents, and any other) S +0 -195.4 M +(document conforming to this specification, may also be labeled with the Internet Media Type) S +0 -208.6 M +("application/xhtml+xml" as defined in ) S +([) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +(RFC3236) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +[/Rect [183.796631 -211.349121 232.865234 -199.249115] /Subtype /Link /Border [0 0 1] /Dest /80 /ANN pdfmark +( ) S +([p.) S +(32) S +(] ) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +(]. For further information on using media) S +0 -221.8 M +(types with XHTML, see the informative note ) S +([) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +(XHTMLMIME) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +[/Rect [217.863281 -224.549072 285.862305 -212.449066] /Subtype /Link /Border [0 0 1] /Dest /82 /ANN pdfmark +( ) S +([p.) S +(32) S +(] ) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +(].) S +0 -232.8 M +gsave +0 setgray +225.7 -660 M +8 0 Nf +(- 17 -) S +0 setgray +390 40 M +8 0 Nf +(5. Compatibility Issues) S +0 40 M +(XHTML 1.0: The Extensible HyperText Markup Language \(Second Edition\)) S +0 -8 M +grestore +pgsave restore N +%%Page: 18 18 +%%PageResources: font Helvetica +%%PageBoundingBox: 57 44 556 755 +%%BeginPageSetup +/pgsave save D +71 706 translate +%%EndPageSetup +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +0 0 M +gsave +1.0 1.0 1.0 setrgbcolor +newpath +-14 14 M +484 14 L +484 -634 L +-14 -634 L +closepath +fill +grestore +0.6 setlinewidth +0 0 M +gsave +0 setgray +225.7 -660 M +%%IncludeResource: font Helvetica +8 0 Nf +(- 18 -) S +0 setgray +205 40 M +8 0 Nf +(XHTML 1.0: The Extensible HyperText Markup Language \(Second Edition\)) S +0 40 M +(5.1. Internet Media Type) S +0 -8 M +grestore +pgsave restore N +%%Page: 19 19 +%%PageResources: font Helvetica Helvetica-Bold Courier +%%PageBoundingBox: 57 44 556 755 +%%BeginPageSetup +/pgsave save D +71 706 translate +%%EndPageSetup +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +0 0 M +gsave +1.0 1.0 1.0 setrgbcolor +newpath +-14 14 M +484 14 L +484 -634 L +-14 -634 L +closepath +fill +grestore +0.6 setlinewidth +0 -22.8 M +0.0 0.313725501 0.698039234 setrgbcolor +[/View [/XYZ -4 706.000183 null] /Dest /121 /DEST pdfmark +[/View [/XYZ -4 706.000183 null] /Dest /38 /DEST pdfmark +%%IncludeResource: font Helvetica +19 0 Nf +(A.) S +[/View [/XYZ -4 706.000183 null] /Dest /38 /DEST pdfmark +( ) S +(DTDs) S +0 -32.3 M +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +0 -47 M +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +%%IncludeResource: font Helvetica-Bold +11 2 Nf +(This appendix is ) S +(normative.) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +0 -71.2 M +11 0 Nf +(These DTDs and entity sets form a normative part of this specification. The complete set of DTD) S +0 -84.4 M +(files together with an XML declaration and SGML Open Catalog is included in the ) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +(zip ) S +(file) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +( and the ) S +0 -97.6 M +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +(gzip'd tar ) S +(file) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +( for this specification. Users looking for local copies of the DTDs to work with should) S +0 -110.8 M +(download and use those archives rather than using the specific DTDs referenced ) S +(below.) S +0 -144.8 M +0.0 0.313725501 0.698039234 setrgbcolor +[/View [/XYZ -4 581.600708 null] /Dest /122 /DEST pdfmark +[/View [/XYZ -4 581.600708 null] /Dest /39 /DEST pdfmark +17 0 Nf +(A.1.) S +[/View [/XYZ -4 581.600708 null] /Dest /39 /DEST pdfmark +( Document Type ) S +(Definitions) S +0 -153.3 M +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +0 -169 M +11 0 Nf +(These DTDs approximate the HTML 4 DTDs. The W3C recommends that you use the) S +0 -182.2 M +(authoritative versions of these DTDs at their defined SYSTEM identifiers when validating) S +0 -195.4 M +(content. If you need to use these DTDs locally you should download one of the archives of ) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +(this ) S +[/Rect [441.061768 -198.14917 463.235352 -186.049164] /Subtype /Link /Border [0 0 1] /Dest /4 /ANN pdfmark +0 -208.6 M +(version) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +[/Rect [-1.0 -211.349121 36.4526367 -199.249115] /Subtype /Link /Border [0 0 1] /Dest /4 /ANN pdfmark +( ) S +([p.) S +(1) S +(] ) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +(. For completeness, the normative versions of the DTDs are included ) S +(here:) S +0 -238.6 M +0.0 0.313725501 0.698039234 setrgbcolor +[/View [/XYZ -4 485.400879 null] /Dest /123 /DEST pdfmark +[/View [/XYZ -4 485.400879 null] /Dest /40 /DEST pdfmark +15 0 Nf +(A.1.1.) S +[/View [/XYZ -4 485.400879 null] /Dest /40 /DEST pdfmark +( ) S +(XHTML-1.0-Strict) S +0 -246.1 M +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +0 -262.8 M +11 0 Nf +(The file ) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +(DTD/xhtml1-strict.dtd) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +( is a normative part of this specification. The annotated contents of) S +0 -276 M +(this file are available in this ) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +(separate ) S +(section) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +( for ) S +(completeness.) S +0 -306 M +0.0 0.313725501 0.698039234 setrgbcolor +[/View [/XYZ -4 418.000977 null] /Dest /124 /DEST pdfmark +[/View [/XYZ -4 418.000977 null] /Dest /41 /DEST pdfmark +15 0 Nf +(A.1.2.) S +[/View [/XYZ -4 418.000977 null] /Dest /41 /DEST pdfmark +( ) S +(XHTML-1.0-Transitional) S +0 -313.5 M +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +0 -330.2 M +11 0 Nf +(The file ) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +(DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +( is a normative part of this specification. The annotated) S +0 -343.4 M +(contents of this file are available in this ) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +(separate ) S +(section) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +( for ) S +(completeness.) S +0 -373.4 M +0.0 0.313725501 0.698039234 setrgbcolor +[/View [/XYZ -4 350.601074 null] /Dest /125 /DEST pdfmark +[/View [/XYZ -4 350.601074 null] /Dest /42 /DEST pdfmark +15 0 Nf +(A.1.3.) S +[/View [/XYZ -4 350.601074 null] /Dest /42 /DEST pdfmark +( ) S +(XHTML-1.0-Frameset) S +0 -380.9 M +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +0 -397.6 M +11 0 Nf +(The file ) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +(DTD/xhtml1-frameset.dtd) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +( is a normative part of this specification. The annotated) S +0 -410.8 M +(contents of this file are available in this ) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +(separate ) S +(section) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +( for ) S +(completeness.) S +0 -444.8 M +0.0 0.313725501 0.698039234 setrgbcolor +[/View [/XYZ -4 281.60141 null] /Dest /126 /DEST pdfmark +[/View [/XYZ -4 281.60141 null] /Dest /43 /DEST pdfmark +17 0 Nf +(A.2.) S +[/View [/XYZ -4 281.60141 null] /Dest /43 /DEST pdfmark +( Entity ) S +(Sets) S +0 -453.3 M +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +0 -469 M +11 0 Nf +(The XHTML entity sets are the same as for HTML 4, but have been modified to be valid XML 1.0) S +0 -482.2 M +11 0 Nf +(entity declarations. Note the entity for the Euro currency sign ) S +(\() S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +%%IncludeResource: font Courier +11 4 Nf +(€) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +11 0 Nf +( or ) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +11 4 Nf +(€) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +11 0 Nf +( or ) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +0 -495.4 M +11 4 Nf +(€) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +11 0 Nf +(\) is defined as part of the special ) S +(characters.) S +0 -525.4 M +0.0 0.313725501 0.698039234 setrgbcolor +[/View [/XYZ -4 198.601562 null] /Dest /127 /DEST pdfmark +[/View [/XYZ -4 198.601562 null] /Dest /44 /DEST pdfmark +15 0 Nf +(A.2.1.) S +[/View [/XYZ -4 198.601562 null] /Dest /44 /DEST pdfmark +( Latin-1 ) S +(characters) S +0 -532.9 M +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +0 -549.6 M +11 0 Nf +(The file ) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +(DTD/xhtml-lat1.ent) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +( is a normative part of this specification. The annotated contents of) S +0 -562.8 M +(this file are available in this ) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +(separate ) S +(section) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +( for ) S +(completeness.) S +0 -574.8 M +gsave +0 setgray +225.7 -660 M +8 0 Nf +(- 19 -) S +0 setgray +439.8 40 M +8 0 Nf +(A. DTDs) S +0 40 M +(XHTML 1.0: The Extensible HyperText Markup Language \(Second Edition\)) S +0 -8 M +grestore +pgsave restore N +%%Page: 20 20 +%%PageResources: font Helvetica +%%PageBoundingBox: 57 44 556 755 +%%BeginPageSetup +/pgsave save D +71 706 translate +%%EndPageSetup +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +0 0 M +gsave +1.0 1.0 1.0 setrgbcolor +newpath +-14 14 M +484 14 L +484 -634 L +-14 -634 L +closepath +fill +grestore +0.6 setlinewidth +0 -18 M +0.0 0.313725501 0.698039234 setrgbcolor +[/View [/XYZ -4 706.0 null] /Dest /128 /DEST pdfmark +[/View [/XYZ -4 706.0 null] /Dest /45 /DEST pdfmark +%%IncludeResource: font Helvetica +15 0 Nf +(A.2.2.) S +[/View [/XYZ -4 706.0 null] /Dest /45 /DEST pdfmark +( Special ) S +(characters) S +0 -25.5 M +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +0 -42.2 M +11 0 Nf +(The file ) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +(DTD/xhtml-special.ent) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +( is a normative part of this specification. The annotated contents) S +0 -55.4 M +(of this file are available in this ) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +(separate ) S +(section) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +( for ) S +(completeness.) S +0 -85.4 M +0.0 0.313725501 0.698039234 setrgbcolor +[/View [/XYZ -4 638.600098 null] /Dest /129 /DEST pdfmark +[/View [/XYZ -4 638.600098 null] /Dest /46 /DEST pdfmark +15 0 Nf +(A.2.3.) S +[/View [/XYZ -4 638.600098 null] /Dest /46 /DEST pdfmark +( ) S +(Symbols) S +0 -92.9 M +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +0 -109.6 M +11 0 Nf +(The file ) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +(DTD/xhtml-symbol.ent) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +( is a normative part of this specification. The annotated contents) S +0 -122.8 M +(of this file are available in this ) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +(separate ) S +(section) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +( for ) S +(completeness.) S +0 -133.8 M +gsave +0 setgray +225.7 -660 M +8 0 Nf +(- 20 -) S +0 setgray +205 40 M +8 0 Nf +(XHTML 1.0: The Extensible HyperText Markup Language \(Second Edition\)) S +0 40 M +(A.2.2. Special characters) S +0 -8 M +grestore +pgsave restore N +%%Page: 21 21 +%%PageResources: font Helvetica Helvetica-Bold Courier +%%PageBoundingBox: 57 44 556 755 +%%BeginPageSetup +/pgsave save D +71 706 translate +%%EndPageSetup +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +0 0 M +gsave +1.0 1.0 1.0 setrgbcolor +newpath +-14 14 M +484 14 L +484 -634 L +-14 -634 L +closepath +fill +grestore +0.6 setlinewidth +0 -22.8 M +0.0 0.313725501 0.698039234 setrgbcolor +[/View [/XYZ -4 706.000183 null] /Dest /130 /DEST pdfmark +[/View [/XYZ -4 706.000183 null] /Dest /47 /DEST pdfmark +%%IncludeResource: font Helvetica +19 0 Nf +(B.) S +[/View [/XYZ -4 706.000183 null] /Dest /47 /DEST pdfmark +( Element ) S +(Prohibitions) S +0 -32.3 M +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +0 -47 M +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +%%IncludeResource: font Helvetica-Bold +11 2 Nf +(This appendix is ) S +(normative.) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +0 -71.2 M +11 0 Nf +(The following elements have prohibitions on which elements they can contain \(see ) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +(SGML ) S +[/Rect [402.507324 -73.949707 438.73877 -61.8497086] /Subtype /Link /Border [0 0 1] /Dest /32 /ANN pdfmark +0 -84.4 M +(Exclusions) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +[/Rect [-1.0 -87.1496582 53.5686035 -75.0496597] /Subtype /Link /Border [0 0 1] /Dest /32 /ANN pdfmark +( ) S +([p.) S +(15) S +(] ) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +(\). This prohibition applies to all depths of nesting, i.e. it contains all the) S +0 -97.6 M +(descendant ) S +(elements.) S +0 -121.8 M +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +%%IncludeResource: font Courier +11 4 Nf +(a) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +11 0 Nf +( ) S +22 -135 M +11 0 Nf +(must not contain other ) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +11 4 Nf +(a) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +11 0 Nf +( elements. ) S +0 -148.2 M +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +11 4 Nf +(pre) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +11 0 Nf +( ) S +22 -161.4 M +11 0 Nf +(must not contain the ) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +11 4 Nf +(img) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +11 0 Nf +(, ) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +11 4 Nf +(object) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +11 0 Nf +(, ) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +11 4 Nf +(big) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +11 0 Nf +(, ) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +11 4 Nf +(small) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +11 0 Nf +(, ) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +11 4 Nf +(sub) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +11 0 Nf +(, or ) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +11 4 Nf +(sup) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +11 0 Nf +( elements. ) S +0 -174.6 M +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +11 4 Nf +(button) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +11 0 Nf +( ) S +22 -187.8 M +11 0 Nf +(must not contain the ) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +11 4 Nf +(input) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +11 0 Nf +(, ) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +11 4 Nf +(select) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +11 0 Nf +(, ) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +11 4 Nf +(textarea) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +11 0 Nf +(, ) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +11 4 Nf +(label) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +11 0 Nf +(, ) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +11 4 Nf +(button) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +11 0 Nf +(, ) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +11 4 Nf +(form) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +11 0 Nf +(, ) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +11 4 Nf +(fieldset) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +11 0 Nf +(, ) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +22 -201 M +11 4 Nf +(iframe) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +11 0 Nf +( or ) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +11 4 Nf +(isindex) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +11 0 Nf +( elements. ) S +0 -214.2 M +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +11 4 Nf +(label) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +11 0 Nf +( ) S +22 -227.4 M +11 0 Nf +(must not contain other ) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +11 4 Nf +(label) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +11 0 Nf +( elements. ) S +0 -240.6 M +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +11 4 Nf +(form) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +11 0 Nf +( ) S +22 -253.8 M +11 0 Nf +(must not contain other ) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +11 4 Nf +(form) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +11 0 Nf +( ) S +(elements.) S +0 -264.8 M +gsave +0 setgray +225.7 -660 M +8 0 Nf +(- 21 -) S +0 setgray +386.9 40 M +8 0 Nf +(B. Element Prohibitions) S +0 40 M +(XHTML 1.0: The Extensible HyperText Markup Language \(Second Edition\)) S +0 -8 M +grestore +pgsave restore N +%%Page: 22 22 +%%PageResources: font Helvetica +%%PageBoundingBox: 57 44 556 755 +%%BeginPageSetup +/pgsave save D +71 706 translate +%%EndPageSetup +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +0 0 M +gsave +1.0 1.0 1.0 setrgbcolor +newpath +-14 14 M +484 14 L +484 -634 L +-14 -634 L +closepath +fill +grestore +0.6 setlinewidth +0 0 M +gsave +0 setgray +225.7 -660 M +%%IncludeResource: font Helvetica +8 0 Nf +(- 22 -) S +0 setgray +205 40 M +8 0 Nf +(XHTML 1.0: The Extensible HyperText Markup Language \(Second Edition\)) S +0 40 M +(B. Element Prohibitions) S +0 -8 M +grestore +pgsave restore N +%%Page: 23 23 +%%PageResources: font Helvetica Helvetica-Oblique Helvetica-Bold Courier +%%+ font Courier-Oblique +%%PageBoundingBox: 57 44 556 755 +%%BeginPageSetup +/pgsave save D +71 706 translate +%%EndPageSetup +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +0 0 M +gsave +1.0 1.0 1.0 setrgbcolor +newpath +-14 14 M +484 14 L +484 -634 L +-14 -634 L +closepath +fill +grestore +0.6 setlinewidth +0 -22.8 M +0.0 0.313725501 0.698039234 setrgbcolor +[/View [/XYZ -4 706.000183 null] /Dest /131 /DEST pdfmark +[/View [/XYZ -4 706.000183 null] /Dest /48 /DEST pdfmark +%%IncludeResource: font Helvetica +19 0 Nf +(C.) S +[/View [/XYZ -4 706.000183 null] /Dest /48 /DEST pdfmark +( HTML Compatibility ) S +(Guidelines) S +0 -32.3 M +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +0 -47 M +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +%%IncludeResource: font Helvetica-Bold +11 2 Nf +(This appendix is ) S +(informative.) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +0 -71.2 M +11 0 Nf +(This appendix summarizes design guidelines for authors who wish their XHTML documents to) S +0 -84.4 M +11 0 Nf +(render on existing HTML user agents. ) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +%%IncludeResource: font Helvetica-Oblique +11 1 Nf +(Note that this recommendation does not define how) S +0 -97.6 M +(HTML conforming user agents should process HTML documents. Nor does it define the) S +0 -110.8 M +11 1 Nf +(meaning of the Internet Media Type ) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +%%IncludeResource: font Courier-Oblique +11 5 Nf +(text/html) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +11 1 Nf +(. For these definitions, see ) S +([) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +(HTML4) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +[/Rect [370.221436 -113.549561 408.279053 -101.449562] /Subtype /Link /Border [0 0 1] /Dest /70 /ANN pdfmark +( ) S +([p.) S +(31) S +(] ) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +(] and ) S +0 -124 M +11 1 Nf +([) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +(RFC2854) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +[/Rect [2.05786133 -126.749512 51.1264648 -114.649513] /Subtype /Link /Border [0 0 1] /Dest /77 /ANN pdfmark +( ) S +([p.) S +(32) S +(] ) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +(] ) S +(respectively.) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +0 -158 M +0.0 0.313725501 0.698039234 setrgbcolor +[/View [/XYZ -4 568.400757 null] /Dest /132 /DEST pdfmark +[/View [/XYZ -4 568.400757 null] /Dest /49 /DEST pdfmark +17 0 Nf +(C.1.) S +[/View [/XYZ -4 568.400757 null] /Dest /49 /DEST pdfmark +( Processing Instructions and the XML ) S +(Declaration) S +0 -166.5 M +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +0 -182.2 M +11 0 Nf +(Be aware that processing instructions are rendered on some user agents. Also, some user) S +0 -195.4 M +(agents interpret the XML declaration to mean that the document is unrecognized XML rather) S +0 -208.6 M +(than HTML, and therefore may not render the document as expected. For compatibility with) S +0 -221.8 M +(these types of legacy browsers, you may want to avoid using processing instructions and XML) S +0 -235 M +(declarations. Remember, however, that when the XML declaration is not included in a) S +0 -248.2 M +(document, the document can only use the default character encodings UTF-8 or ) S +(UTF-16.) S +0 -282.2 M +0.0 0.313725501 0.698039234 setrgbcolor +[/View [/XYZ -4 444.201263 null] /Dest /133 /DEST pdfmark +[/View [/XYZ -4 444.201263 null] /Dest /50 /DEST pdfmark +17 0 Nf +(C.2.) S +[/View [/XYZ -4 444.201263 null] /Dest /50 /DEST pdfmark +( Empty ) S +(Elements) S +0 -290.7 M +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +0 -306.4 M +11 0 Nf +(Include a space before the trailing ) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +%%IncludeResource: font Courier +11 4 Nf +(/) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +11 0 Nf +( and ) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +11 4 Nf +(>) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +11 0 Nf +( of empty elements, e.g. ) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +11 4 Nf +() S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +11 0 Nf +(, ) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +11 4 Nf +() S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +11 0 Nf +( and ) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +11 4 Nf +() S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +11 0 Nf +(. Also, use the minimized tag syntax for empty) S +0 -332.8 M +11 0 Nf +(elements, e.g. ) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +11 4 Nf +(
    ) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +11 0 Nf +(, as the alternative syntax ) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +11 4 Nf +(

    ) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +11 0 Nf +( allowed by XML gives uncertain) S +0 -346 M +(results in many existing user ) S +(agents.) S +0 -380 M +0.0 0.313725501 0.698039234 setrgbcolor +[/View [/XYZ -4 346.401703 null] /Dest /134 /DEST pdfmark +[/View [/XYZ -4 346.401703 null] /Dest /51 /DEST pdfmark +17 0 Nf +(C.3.) S +[/View [/XYZ -4 346.401703 null] /Dest /51 /DEST pdfmark +( Element Minimization and Empty Element ) S +(Content) S +0 -388.5 M +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +0 -404.2 M +11 0 Nf +(Given an empty instance of an element whose content model is not ) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +11 4 Nf +(EMPTY) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +11 0 Nf +( \(for example, an) S +0 -417.4 M +11 0 Nf +(empty title or paragraph\) do not use the minimized form \(e.g. use ) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +11 4 Nf +(

    ) S +(

    ) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +11 0 Nf +( and not ) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +11 4 Nf +() S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +11 0 Nf +(\).) S +0 -451.4 M +0.0 0.313725501 0.698039234 setrgbcolor +[/View [/XYZ -4 275.002045 null] /Dest /135 /DEST pdfmark +[/View [/XYZ -4 275.002045 null] /Dest /52 /DEST pdfmark +17 0 Nf +(C.4.) S +[/View [/XYZ -4 275.002045 null] /Dest /52 /DEST pdfmark +( Embedded Style Sheets and ) S +(Scripts) S +0 -459.9 M +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +0 -475.6 M +11 0 Nf +(Use external style sheets if your style sheet uses ) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +11 4 Nf +(<) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +11 0 Nf +( or ) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +11 4 Nf +(&) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +11 0 Nf +( or ) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +11 4 Nf +(]]>) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +11 0 Nf +( or ) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +11 4 Nf +(--) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +11 0 Nf +(. Use external scripts if) S +0 -488.8 M +11 0 Nf +(your script uses ) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +11 4 Nf +(<) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +11 0 Nf +( or ) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +11 4 Nf +(&) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +11 0 Nf +( or ) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +11 4 Nf +(]]>) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +11 0 Nf +( or ) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +11 4 Nf +(--) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +11 0 Nf +(. Note that XML parsers are permitted to silently remove the) S +0 -502 M +(contents of comments. Therefore, the historical practice of "hiding" scripts and style sheets) S +0 -515.2 M +(within "comments" to make the documents backward compatible is likely to not work as) S +0 -528.4 M +(expected in XML-based user ) S +(agents.) S +0 -562.4 M +0.0 0.313725501 0.698039234 setrgbcolor +[/View [/XYZ -4 164.002563 null] /Dest /136 /DEST pdfmark +[/View [/XYZ -4 164.002563 null] /Dest /53 /DEST pdfmark +17 0 Nf +(C.5.) S +[/View [/XYZ -4 164.002563 null] /Dest /53 /DEST pdfmark +( Line Breaks within Attribute ) S +(Values) S +0 -570.9 M +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +0 -586.6 M +11 0 Nf +(Avoid line breaks and multiple white space characters within attribute values. These are handled) S +0 -599.8 M +(inconsistently by user ) S +(agents.) S +0 -599.8 M +gsave +0 setgray +225.7 -660 M +8 0 Nf +(- 23 -) S +0 setgray +350 40 M +8 0 Nf +(C. HTML Compatibility Guidelines) S +0 40 M +(XHTML 1.0: The Extensible HyperText Markup Language \(Second Edition\)) S +0 -8 M +grestore +pgsave restore N +%%Page: 24 24 +%%PageResources: font Helvetica Courier +%%PageBoundingBox: 57 44 556 755 +%%BeginPageSetup +/pgsave save D +71 706 translate +%%EndPageSetup +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +0 0 M +gsave +1.0 1.0 1.0 setrgbcolor +newpath +-14 14 M +484 14 L +484 -634 L +-14 -634 L +closepath +fill +grestore +0.6 setlinewidth +0 -20.4 M +0.0 0.313725501 0.698039234 setrgbcolor +[/View [/XYZ -4 706.000122 null] /Dest /137 /DEST pdfmark +[/View [/XYZ -4 706.000122 null] /Dest /54 /DEST pdfmark +%%IncludeResource: font Helvetica +17 0 Nf +(C.6.) S +[/View [/XYZ -4 706.000122 null] /Dest /54 /DEST pdfmark +( ) S +(Isindex) S +0 -28.9 M +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +0 -44.6 M +11 0 Nf +(Don't include more than one ) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +%%IncludeResource: font Courier +11 4 Nf +(isindex) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +11 0 Nf +( element in the document ) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +11 4 Nf +(head) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +11 0 Nf +(. The ) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +11 4 Nf +(isindex) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +11 0 Nf +( element is) S +0 -57.8 M +11 0 Nf +(deprecated in favor of the ) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +11 4 Nf +(input) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +11 0 Nf +( ) S +(element.) S +0 -91.8 M +0.0 0.313725501 0.698039234 setrgbcolor +[/View [/XYZ -4 634.600464 null] /Dest /138 /DEST pdfmark +[/View [/XYZ -4 634.600464 null] /Dest /55 /DEST pdfmark +17 0 Nf +(C.7.) S +[/View [/XYZ -4 634.600464 null] /Dest /55 /DEST pdfmark +( The ) S +0.0 0.313725501 0.698039234 setrgbcolor +17 4 Nf +(lang) S +0.0 0.313725501 0.698039234 setrgbcolor +17 0 Nf +( and ) S +0.0 0.313725501 0.698039234 setrgbcolor +17 4 Nf +(xml:lang) S +0.0 0.313725501 0.698039234 setrgbcolor +17 0 Nf +( ) S +(Attributes) S +0 -100.3 M +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +0 -116 M +11 0 Nf +(Use both the ) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +11 4 Nf +(lang) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +11 0 Nf +( and ) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +11 4 Nf +(xml:lang) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +11 0 Nf +( attributes when specifying the language of an element. The) S +0 -129.2 M +11 0 Nf +(value of the ) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +11 4 Nf +(xml:lang) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +11 0 Nf +( attribute takes ) S +(precedence.) S +0 -163.2 M +0.0 0.313725501 0.698039234 setrgbcolor +[/View [/XYZ -4 563.200806 null] /Dest /139 /DEST pdfmark +[/View [/XYZ -4 563.200806 null] /Dest /56 /DEST pdfmark +17 0 Nf +(C.8.) 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Many existing HTML clients) S +0 -227 M +11 0 Nf +(don't support the use of ) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +11 4 Nf +(ID) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +11 0 Nf +(-type attributes in this way, so identical values may be supplied for) S +0 -240.2 M +11 0 Nf +(both of these attributes to ensure maximum forward and backward compatibility \(e.g., ) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +11 4 Nf +(...) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +11 0 Nf +(\).) S +0 -277.6 M +11 0 Nf +(Further, since the set of legal values for attributes of type ) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +11 4 Nf +(ID) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +11 0 Nf +( is much smaller than for those of) S +0 -290.8 M +11 0 Nf +(type ) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +11 4 Nf +(CDATA) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +11 0 Nf +(, the type of the ) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +11 4 Nf +(name) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +11 0 Nf +( attribute has been changed to ) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +11 4 Nf +(NMTOKEN) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +11 0 Nf +(. This attribute is) S +0 -304 M +11 0 Nf +(constrained such that it can only have the same values as type ) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +11 4 Nf +(ID) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +11 0 Nf +(, or as the ) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +11 4 Nf +(Name) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +11 0 Nf +( production in) S +0 -317.2 M +(XML 1.0 Section 2.3, production 5. Unfortunately, this constraint cannot be expressed in the) S +0 -330.4 M +(XHTML 1.0 DTDs. Because of this change, care must be taken when converting existing HTML) S +0 -343.6 M +(documents. The values of these attributes must be unique within the document, valid, and any) S +0 -356.8 M +(references to these fragment identifiers \(both internal and external\) must be updated should the) S +0 -370 M +(values be changed during ) S +(conversion.) S +0 -394.2 M +(Note that the collection of legal values in XML 1.0 Section 2.3, production 5 is much larger than) S +0 -407.4 M +11 0 Nf +(that permitted to be used in the ) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +11 4 Nf +(ID) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +11 0 Nf +( and ) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +11 4 Nf +(NAME) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +11 0 Nf +( types defined in HTML 4. When defining fragment) S +0 -420.6 M +11 0 Nf +(identifiers to be backward-compatible, only strings matching the pattern ) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +0 -433.8 M +11 4 Nf +([A-Za-z][A-Za-z0-9:_.-]*) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +11 0 Nf +( should be used. See ) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +(Section ) S +(6.2) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +[/Rect [263.798096 -436.54834 320.830322 -424.448334] /Subtype /Link /Border [0 0 1] /Action [/Subtype /URI /URI (http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/types.html#h-6.2)] Cd /ANN pdfmark +( of ) S +([) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +(HTML4) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +[/Rect [337.177734 -436.54834 375.235352 -424.448334] /Subtype /Link /Border [0 0 1] /Dest /70 /ANN pdfmark +( ) S +([p.) S +(31) S +(] ) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +(] for more ) S +0 -447 M +(information.) 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S +0 -518.4 M +0.0 0.313725501 0.698039234 setrgbcolor +[/View [/XYZ -4 208.002045 null] /Dest /140 /DEST pdfmark +[/View [/XYZ -4 208.002045 null] /Dest /57 /DEST pdfmark +17 0 Nf +(C.9.) S +[/View [/XYZ -4 208.002045 null] /Dest /57 /DEST pdfmark +( Character ) S +(Encoding) S +0 -526.9 M +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +0 -542.6 M +11 0 Nf +(Historically, the character encoding of an HTML document is either specified by a web server via) S +0 -555.8 M +11 0 Nf +(the charset parameter of the HTTP Content-Type header, or via a ) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +11 4 Nf +(meta) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +11 0 Nf +( element in the) S +0 -569 M +(document itself. In an XML document, the character encoding of the document is specified on) S +0 -582.2 M +11 0 Nf +(the XML declaration \(e.g., ) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +11 4 Nf +() S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +11 0 Nf +(\). 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Isindex) S +0 -8 M +grestore +pgsave restore N +%%Page: 25 25 +%%PageResources: font Helvetica Courier +%%PageBoundingBox: 57 44 556 755 +%%BeginPageSetup +/pgsave save D +71 706 translate +%%EndPageSetup +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +0 0 M +gsave +1.0 1.0 1.0 setrgbcolor +newpath +-14 14 M +484 14 L +484 -634 L +-14 -634 L +closepath +fill +grestore +0.6 setlinewidth +0 -13.2 M +%%IncludeResource: font Helvetica +11 0 Nf +(to set its character encoding explicitly must include both the XML declaration an encoding) S +0 -26.4 M +11 0 Nf +(declaration and a ) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +%%IncludeResource: font Courier +11 4 Nf +(meta) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +11 0 Nf +( http-equiv statement \(e.g., ) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +11 4 Nf +() S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +11 0 Nf +(\). In XHTML-conforming user agents, the) S +0 -52.8 M +(value of the encoding declaration of the XML declaration takes ) S +(precedence.) S +0 -77 M +(Note: be aware that if a document must include the character encoding declaration in a meta) S +0 -90.2 M +(http-equiv statement, that document may always be interpreted by HTTP servers and/or user) S +0 -103.4 M +(agents as being of the internet media type defined in that statement. If a document is to be) S +0 -116.6 M +(served as multiple media types, the HTTP server must be used to set the encoding of the ) S +0 -129.8 M +(document.) S +0 -163.8 M +0.0 0.313725501 0.698039234 setrgbcolor +[/View [/XYZ -4 562.600708 null] /Dest /141 /DEST pdfmark +[/View [/XYZ -4 562.600708 null] /Dest /58 /DEST pdfmark +17 0 Nf +(C.10.) S +[/View [/XYZ -4 562.600708 null] /Dest /58 /DEST pdfmark +( Boolean ) S +(Attributes) S +0 -172.3 M +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +0 -188 M +11 0 Nf +(Some HTML user agents are unable to interpret boolean attributes when these appear in their) S +0 -201.2 M +(full \(non-minimized\) form, as required by XML 1.0. Note this problem doesn't affect user agents) S +0 -214.4 M +11 0 Nf +(compliant with HTML 4. The following attributes are involved: ) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +11 4 Nf +(compact) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +11 0 Nf +(, ) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +11 4 Nf +(nowrap) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +11 0 Nf +(, ) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +11 4 Nf +(ismap) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +11 0 Nf +(, ) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +0 -227.6 M +11 4 Nf +(declare) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +11 0 Nf +(, ) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +11 4 Nf +(noshade) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +11 0 Nf +(, ) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +11 4 Nf +(checked) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +11 0 Nf +(, ) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +11 4 Nf +(disabled) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +11 0 Nf +(, ) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +11 4 Nf +(readonly) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +11 0 Nf +(, ) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +11 4 Nf +(multiple) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +11 0 Nf +(, ) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +11 4 Nf +(selected) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +11 0 Nf +(, ) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +11 4 Nf +(noresize) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +11 0 Nf +(, ) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +0 -240.8 M +11 4 Nf +(defer) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +11 0 Nf +(.) S +0 -274.8 M +0.0 0.313725501 0.698039234 setrgbcolor +[/View [/XYZ -4 451.601166 null] /Dest /142 /DEST pdfmark +[/View [/XYZ -4 451.601166 null] /Dest /59 /DEST pdfmark +17 0 Nf +(C.11.) S +[/View [/XYZ -4 451.601166 null] /Dest /59 /DEST pdfmark +( Document Object Model and ) S +(XHTML) S +0 -283.3 M +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +0 -299 M +11 0 Nf +(The Document Object Model level 1 Recommendation ) S +([) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +(DOM) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +[/Rect [269.211182 -301.748779 296.873779 -289.648773] /Subtype /Link /Border [0 0 1] /Dest /68 /ANN pdfmark +( ) S +([p.) S +(31) S +(] ) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +(] defines document object) S +0 -312.2 M +(model interfaces for XML and HTML 4. The HTML 4 document object model specifies that) S +0 -325.4 M +(HTML element and attribute names are returned in upper-case. The XML document object) S +0 -338.6 M +(model specifies that element and attribute names are returned in the case they are specified. In) S +0 -351.8 M +(XHTML 1.0, elements and attributes are specified in lower-case. This apparent difference can) S +0 -365 M +(be addressed in two ) S +(ways:) S +6.7 -389.2 M +11 0 Nf +(1. ) S +(User agents that access XHTML documents served as Internet media type ) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +11 4 Nf +(text/html) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +11 0 Nf +( via) S +22 -402.4 M +(the DOM can use the HTML DOM, and can rely upon element and attribute names being) S +22 -415.6 M +(returned in upper-case from those interfaces. ) S +6.7 -429.8 M +11 0 Nf +(2. ) S +(User agents that access XHTML documents served as Internet media types ) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +11 4 Nf +(text/xml) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +11 0 Nf +(, ) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +22 -443 M +11 4 Nf +(application/xml) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +11 0 Nf +(, or ) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +11 4 Nf +(application/xhtml+xml) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +11 0 Nf +( can also use the XML DOM. Elements) S +22 -456.2 M +(and attributes will be returned in lower-case. Also, some XHTML elements may or may not) S +22 -469.4 M +11 0 Nf +(appear in the object tree because they are optional in the content model \(e.g. the ) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +11 4 Nf +(tbody) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +22 -482.6 M +11 0 Nf +(element within ) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +11 4 Nf +(table) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +11 0 Nf +(\). This occurs because in HTML 4 some elements were permitted to) S +22 -495.8 M +(be minimized such that their start and end tags are both omitted \(an SGML feature\). This is) S +22 -509 M +(not possible in XML. Rather than require document authors to insert extraneous elements,) S +22 -522.2 M +(XHTML has made the elements optional. User agents need to adapt to this accordingly. For) S +22 -535.4 M +(further information on this topic, see ) S +([) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +(DOM2) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +[/Rect [201.968506 -538.147949 235.74707 -526.048] /Subtype /Link /Border [0 0 1] /Dest /69 /ANN pdfmark +( ) S +([p.) S +(31) S +(] ) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +(]) S +0 -549 M +gsave +0 setgray +225.7 -660 M +8 0 Nf +(- 25 -) S +0 setgray +383.3 40 M +8 0 Nf +(C.10. Boolean Attributes) S +0 40 M +(XHTML 1.0: The Extensible HyperText Markup Language \(Second Edition\)) S +0 -8 M +grestore +pgsave restore N +%%Page: 26 26 +%%PageResources: font Helvetica Courier +%%PageBoundingBox: 57 44 556 754 +%%BeginPageSetup +/pgsave save D +71 706 translate +%%EndPageSetup +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +0 0 M +gsave +1.0 1.0 1.0 setrgbcolor +newpath +-14 14 M +484 14 L +484 -634 L +-14 -634 L +closepath +fill +grestore +0.6 setlinewidth +0 -20.4 M +0.0 0.313725501 0.698039234 setrgbcolor +[/View [/XYZ -4 706.000122 null] /Dest /143 /DEST pdfmark +[/View [/XYZ -4 706.000122 null] /Dest /60 /DEST pdfmark +%%IncludeResource: font Helvetica +17 0 Nf +(C.12.) 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In order to) S +0 -123.8 M +(ensure that documents are compatible with historical HTML user agents and XML-based user) S +0 -137 M +(agents, ampersands used in a document that are to be treated as literal characters must be) S +0 -150.2 M +11 0 Nf +(expressed themselves as an entity reference \(e.g. ) S +(") S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +%%IncludeResource: font Courier +11 4 Nf +(&) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +11 0 Nf +("\). For example, when the ) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +11 4 Nf +(href) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +0 -163.4 M +11 0 Nf +(attribute of the ) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +11 4 Nf +(a) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +11 0 Nf +( element refers to a CGI script that takes parameters, it must be expressed as ) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +0 -176.6 M +11 4 Nf +(http://my.site.dom/cgi-bin/myscript.pl?class=guest&name=user) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +11 0 Nf +( rather) S +0 -189.8 M +11 0 Nf +(than as ) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +11 4 Nf +(http://my.site.dom/cgi-bin/myscript.pl?class=guest&name=user) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +11 0 Nf +(.) S +0 -223.8 M +0.0 0.313725501 0.698039234 setrgbcolor +[/View [/XYZ -4 502.600922 null] /Dest /144 /DEST pdfmark +[/View [/XYZ -4 502.600922 null] /Dest /61 /DEST pdfmark +17 0 Nf +(C.13.) 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S +22 -420.4 M +(Therefore, style sheets should be able to continue using the shorthand "." selector syntax. ) S +6.7 -434.6 M +(5. ) S +(CSS defines different conformance rules for HTML and XML documents; be aware that the) S +22 -447.8 M +(HTML rules apply to XHTML documents delivered as HTML and the XML rules apply to) S +22 -461 M +(XHTML documents delivered as ) S +(XML.) S +0 -495 M +0.0 0.313725501 0.698039234 setrgbcolor +[/View [/XYZ -4 231.401947 null] /Dest /145 /DEST pdfmark +[/View [/XYZ -4 231.401947 null] /Dest /62 /DEST pdfmark +17 0 Nf +(C.14.) S +[/View [/XYZ -4 231.401947 null] /Dest /62 /DEST pdfmark +( Referencing Style Elements when serving as ) S +(XML) S +0 -503.5 M +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +0 -519.2 M +11 0 Nf +(In HTML 4 and XHTML, the ) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +11 4 Nf +(style) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +11 0 Nf +( element can be used to define document-internal style rules.) S +0 -532.4 M +(In XML, an XML stylesheet declaration is used to define style rules. In order to be compatible) S +0 -545.6 M +11 0 Nf +(with this convention, ) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +11 4 Nf +(style) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +11 0 Nf +( elements should have their fragment identifier set using the ) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +11 4 Nf +(id) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +0 -558.8 M +11 0 Nf +(attribute, and an XML stylesheet declaration should reference this fragment. For ) S +(example:) S +18 -580.6 M +9.0 4 Nf +() S +18 -591.4 M +() S +18 -602.2 M +() S +18 -21.6 M +9.0 4 Nf +() S +18 -32.4 M +() S +18 -43.2 M +(An internal stylesheet example) S +18 -54 M +() S +18 -129.6 M +() S +18 -140.4 M +() S +18 -151.2 M +(

    ) S +18 -162 M +( This is text that uses our ) S +18 -172.8 M +( internal stylesheet.) S +18 -183.6 M +(

    ) S +18 -194.4 M +() S +18 -205.2 M +() S +0 -214.2 M +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +0 -239.2 M +0.0 0.313725501 0.698039234 setrgbcolor +[/View [/XYZ -4 487.203949 null] /Dest /146 /DEST pdfmark +[/View [/XYZ -4 487.203949 null] /Dest /63 /DEST pdfmark +%%IncludeResource: font Helvetica +17 0 Nf +(C.15.) S +[/View [/XYZ -4 487.203949 null] /Dest /63 /DEST pdfmark +( White Space Characters in HTML vs. ) S +(XML) S +0 -247.7 M +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +0 -263.4 M +11 0 Nf +(Some characters that are legal in HTML documents, are illegal in XML document. For example,) S +0 -276.6 M +(in HTML, the Formfeed character \(U+000C\) is treated as white space, in XHTML, due to XML's) S +0 -289.8 M +(definition of characters, it is ) S +(illegal.) S +0 -323.8 M +0.0 0.313725501 0.698039234 setrgbcolor +[/View [/XYZ -4 402.60434 null] /Dest /147 /DEST pdfmark +[/View [/XYZ -4 402.60434 null] /Dest /64 /DEST pdfmark +17 0 Nf +(C.16.) 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White Space Characters in HTML vs. XML) S +0 40 M +(XHTML 1.0: The Extensible HyperText Markup Language \(Second Edition\)) S +0 -7.8 M +grestore +pgsave restore N +%%Page: 28 28 +%%PageResources: font Helvetica +%%PageBoundingBox: 57 44 556 754 +%%BeginPageSetup +/pgsave save D +71 706 translate +%%EndPageSetup +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +0 0 M +gsave +1.0 1.0 1.0 setrgbcolor +newpath +-14 14 M +484 14 L +484 -634 L +-14 -634 L +closepath +fill +grestore +0.6 setlinewidth +0 0 M +gsave +0 setgray +225.7 -660 M +%%IncludeResource: font Helvetica +8 0 Nf +(- 28 -) S +0 setgray +210.4 40 M +7.8382411 0 Nf +(XHTML 1.0: The Extensible HyperText Markup Language \(Second Edition\)) S +0 40 M +(C.16. The Named Character Reference ') S +0 -7.8 M +grestore +pgsave restore N +%%Page: 29 29 +%%PageResources: font Helvetica Helvetica-Bold +%%PageBoundingBox: 57 44 556 755 +%%BeginPageSetup +/pgsave save D +71 706 translate +%%EndPageSetup +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +0 0 M +gsave +1.0 1.0 1.0 setrgbcolor +newpath +-14 14 M +484 14 L +484 -634 L +-14 -634 L +closepath +fill +grestore +0.6 setlinewidth +0 -22.8 M +0.0 0.313725501 0.698039234 setrgbcolor +[/View [/XYZ -4 706.000183 null] /Dest /148 /DEST pdfmark +[/View [/XYZ -4 706.000183 null] /Dest /65 /DEST pdfmark +%%IncludeResource: font Helvetica +19 0 Nf +(D.) S +[/View [/XYZ -4 706.000183 null] /Dest /65 /DEST pdfmark +( ) S +(Acknowledgements) S +0 -32.3 M +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +0 -47 M +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +%%IncludeResource: font Helvetica-Bold +11 2 Nf +(This appendix is ) S +(informative.) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +0 -71.2 M +11 0 Nf +(This specification was written with the participation of the members of the W3C HTML Working ) S +0 -84.4 M +(Group.) S +0 -108.6 M +(At publication of the second edition, the membership ) S +(was:) S +22 -132.8 M +(Steven Pemberton, CWI/W3C \(HTML Working Group ) S +(Chair\)) S +22 -146 M +(Daniel Austin, ) S +(Grainger) S +22 -159.2 M +(Jonny Axelsson, Opera ) S +(Software) S +22 -172.4 M +(Tantek \307elik, ) S +(Microsoft) S +22 -185.6 M +(Doug Dominiak, Openwave ) S +(Systems) S +22 -198.8 M +(Herman Elenbaas, Philips ) S +(Electronics) S +22 -212 M +(Beth Epperson, ) S +(Netscape/) S +(AOL) S +22 -225.2 M +(Masayasu Ishikawa, W3C \(HTML Activity ) S +(Lead\)) S +22 -238.4 M +(Shin'ichi Matsui, ) S +(Panasonic) S +22 -251.6 M +(Shane McCarron, Applied Testing and ) S +(Technology) S +22 -264.8 M +(Ann Navarro, WebGeek, ) S +(Inc.) S +22 -278 M +(Subramanian Peruvemba, ) S +(Oracle) S +22 -291.2 M +(Rob Relyea, ) S +(Microsoft) S +22 -304.4 M +(Sebastian Schnitzenbaumer, ) S +(SAP) S +22 -317.6 M +(Peter Stark, Sony ) S +(Ericsson) S +0 -341.8 M +(At publication of the first edition, the membership ) S +(was:) S +22 -366 M +(Steven Pemberton, ) S +(CWI) S +( \(HTML Working Group ) S +(Chair\)) S +22 -379.2 M +(Murray Altheim, Sun ) S +(Microsystems) S +22 -392.4 M +(Daniel Austin, AskJeeves \(CNET: The Computer Network through July ) S +(1999\)) S +22 -405.6 M +(Frank Boumphrey, HTML Writers ) S +(Guild) S +22 -418.8 M +(John Burger, ) S +(Mitre) S +22 -432 M +(Andrew W. Donoho, ) S +(IBM) S +22 -445.2 M +(Sam Dooley, ) S +(IBM) S +22 -458.4 M +(Klaus Hofrichter, ) S +(GMD) S +22 -471.6 M +(Philipp Hoschka, ) S +(W3C) S +22 -484.8 M +(Masayasu Ishikawa, ) S +(W3C) S +22 -498 M +(Warner ten Kate, Philips ) S +(Electronics) S +22 -511.2 M +(Peter King, ) S +(Phone.com) S +22 -524.4 M +(Paula Klante, ) S +(JetForm) S +22 -537.6 M +(Shin'ichi Matsui, Panasonic \(W3C visiting engineer through September ) S +(1999\)) S +22 -550.8 M +(Shane McCarron, Applied Testing and Technology \(The Open Group through August ) S +(1999\)) S +22 -564 M +(Ann Navarro, HTML Writers ) S +(Guild) S +22 -577.2 M +(Zach Nies, ) S +(Quark) S +22 -590.4 M +(Dave Raggett, W3C/HP \(HTML Activity ) S +(Lead\)) S +22 -603.6 M +(Patrick Schmitz, ) S +(Microsoft) S +22 -616.8 M +(Sebastian Schnitzenbaumer, Stack ) S +(Overflow) S +22 -616.8 M +gsave +0 setgray +225.7 -660 M +8 0 Nf +(- 29 -) S +0 setgray +390.4 40 M +8 0 Nf +(D. Acknowledgements) S +0 40 M +(XHTML 1.0: The Extensible HyperText Markup Language \(Second Edition\)) S +44 -8 M +grestore +pgsave restore N +%%Page: 30 30 +%%PageResources: font Helvetica +%%PageBoundingBox: 57 44 556 755 +%%BeginPageSetup +/pgsave save D +71 706 translate +%%EndPageSetup +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +0 0 M +gsave +1.0 1.0 1.0 setrgbcolor +newpath +-14 14 M +484 14 L +484 -634 L +-14 -634 L +closepath +fill +grestore +0.6 setlinewidth +22 -13.2 M +%%IncludeResource: font Helvetica +11 0 Nf +(Peter Stark, ) S +(Phone.com) S +22 -26.4 M +11 0 Nf +(Chris Wilson, ) S +(Microsoft) S +22 -39.6 M +(Ted Wugofski, Gateway ) S +(2000) S +22 -52.8 M +(Dan Zigmond, WebTV ) S +(Networks) S +0 -63.8 M +gsave +0 setgray +225.7 -660 M +8 0 Nf +(- 30 -) S +0 setgray +205 40 M +8 0 Nf +(XHTML 1.0: The Extensible HyperText Markup Language \(Second Edition\)) S +0 40 M +(D. Acknowledgements) S +0 -8 M +grestore +pgsave restore N +%%Page: 31 31 +%%PageResources: font Helvetica Helvetica-Oblique Helvetica-Bold +%%PageBoundingBox: 57 44 556 755 +%%BeginPageSetup +/pgsave save D +71 706 translate +%%EndPageSetup +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +0 0 M +gsave +1.0 1.0 1.0 setrgbcolor +newpath +-14 14 M +484 14 L +484 -634 L +-14 -634 L +closepath +fill +grestore +0.6 setlinewidth +0 -22.8 M +0.0 0.313725501 0.698039234 setrgbcolor +[/View [/XYZ -4 706.000183 null] /Dest /149 /DEST pdfmark +[/View [/XYZ -4 706.000183 null] /Dest /66 /DEST pdfmark +%%IncludeResource: font Helvetica +19 0 Nf +(E.) S +[/View [/XYZ -4 706.000183 null] /Dest /66 /DEST pdfmark +( ) S +(References) S +0 -32.3 M +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +0 -47 M +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +%%IncludeResource: font Helvetica-Bold +11 2 Nf +(This appendix is ) S +(informative.) 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S +22 -163.6 M +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +(Latest ) S +(version) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +[/Rect [21.0 -166.349365 91.4741211 -154.249359] /Subtype /Link /Border [0 0 1] /Action [/Subtype /URI /URI (http://www.w3.org/TR/REC-DOM-Level-1)] Cd /ANN pdfmark +( available at: http://www.w3.org/TR/REC-DOM-Level-1 ) S +0 -176.8 M +[/View [/XYZ -4 542.400696 null] /Dest /69 /DEST pdfmark +[/View [/XYZ -4 542.400696 null] /Dest /69 /DEST pdfmark +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +11 2 Nf +([DOM2]) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +11 0 Nf +( ) S +22 -190 M +11 0 Nf +(") S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +11 1 Nf +(Document Object Model \(DOM\) Level 2 Core ) S +(Specification) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +[/Rect [24.9047852 -192.749268 311.767334 -180.649261] /Subtype /Link /Border [0 0 1] /Action [/Subtype /URI /URI (http://www.w3.org/TR/2000/REC-DOM-Level-2-Core-20001113)] Cd /ANN pdfmark +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +11 0 Nf +(", A. Le\240Hors, ) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +11 1 Nf +(et ) S +(al.) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +11 0 Nf +(, 13) S +22 -203.2 M +(November ) S +(2000.) S +22 -216.4 M +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +(Latest ) S +(version) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +[/Rect [21.0 -219.14917 91.4741211 -207.049164] /Subtype /Link /Border [0 0 1] /Action [/Subtype /URI /URI (http://www.w3.org/TR/DOM-Level-2-Core)] Cd /ANN pdfmark +( available at: http://www.w3.org/TR/DOM-Level-2-Core ) S +0 -229.6 M +[/View [/XYZ -4 489.600891 null] /Dest /70 /DEST pdfmark +[/View [/XYZ -4 489.600891 null] /Dest /70 /DEST pdfmark +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +11 2 Nf +([HTML]) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +11 0 Nf +( ) S +22 -242.8 M +11 0 Nf +(") S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +11 1 Nf +(HTML 4.01 ) S +(Specification) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +[/Rect [24.9047852 -245.549072 146.726074 -233.449066] /Subtype /Link /Border [0 0 1] /Action [/Subtype /URI /URI (http://www.w3.org/TR/1999/REC-html401-19991224)] Cd /ANN pdfmark +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +11 0 Nf +(", D. Raggett, A. Le\240Hors, I. Jacobs, 24 December ) S +(1999.) S +22 -256 M +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +(Latest ) S +(version) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +[/Rect [21.0 -258.749023 91.4741211 -246.649017] /Subtype /Link /Border [0 0 1] /Action [/Subtype /URI /URI (http://www.w3.org/TR/html401)] Cd /ANN pdfmark +( available at: http://www.w3.org/TR/html401 ) S +0 -269.2 M +[/View [/XYZ -4 450.001038 null] /Dest /71 /DEST pdfmark +[/View [/XYZ -4 450.001038 null] /Dest /71 /DEST pdfmark +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +11 2 Nf +([POSIX.1]) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +11 0 Nf +( ) S +22 -282.4 M +11 0 Nf +(") S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +11 1 Nf +(ISO/IEC 9945-1:1990 Information Technology - Portable Operating System Interface) S +22 -295.6 M +11 1 Nf +(\(POSIX\) - Part 1: System Application Program Interface \(API\) [C ) S +(Language]) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +11 0 Nf +(", Institute of) S +22 -308.8 M +(Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc, 1990. ) S +0 -322 M +[/View [/XYZ -4 397.201233 null] /Dest /72 /DEST pdfmark +[/View [/XYZ -4 397.201233 null] /Dest /72 /DEST pdfmark +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +11 2 Nf +([RFC2045]) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +11 0 Nf +( ) S +22 -335.2 M +11 0 Nf +(") S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +11 1 Nf +(Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions \(MIME\) Part One: Format of Internet Message ) S +[/Rect [24.9047852 -337.94873 440.772461 -325.848724] /Subtype /Link /Border [0 0 1] /Action [/Subtype /URI /URI (http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc2045.txt)] Cd /ANN pdfmark +22 -348.4 M +11 1 Nf +(Bodies) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +[/Rect [21.0 -351.148682 56.626709 -339.048676] /Subtype /Link /Border [0 0 1] /Action [/Subtype /URI /URI (http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc2045.txt)] Cd /ANN pdfmark +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +11 0 Nf +(", N. Freed and N. Borenstein, November 1996. Note that this RFC obsoletes) S +22 -361.6 M +(RFC1521, RFC1522, and RFC1590. ) S +0 -374.8 M +[/View [/XYZ -4 344.401428 null] /Dest /73 /DEST pdfmark +[/View [/XYZ -4 344.401428 null] /Dest /73 /DEST pdfmark +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +11 2 Nf +([RFC2046]) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +11 0 Nf +( ) S +22 -388 M +11 0 Nf +(") S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +11 1 Nf +(RFC2046: Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions \(MIME\) Part Two: Media ) S +(Types) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +[/Rect [24.9047852 -390.748535 418.740479 -378.648529] /Subtype /Link /Border [0 0 1] /Action [/Subtype /URI /URI (http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc2046.txt)] Cd /ANN pdfmark +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +11 0 Nf +(", N.) S +22 -401.2 M +(Freed and N. Borenstein, November ) S +(1996.) S +22 -414.4 M +(Available at ) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +(http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc2046.txt) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +[/Rect [80.9160156 -417.148438 240.641602 -405.048431] /Subtype /Link /Border [0 0 1] /Action [/Subtype /URI /URI (http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc2046.txt)] Cd /ANN pdfmark +(. Note that this RFC obsoletes RFC1521,) S +22 -427.6 M +(RFC1522, and RFC1590. ) S +0 -440.8 M +[/View [/XYZ -4 278.401672 null] /Dest /74 /DEST pdfmark +[/View [/XYZ -4 278.401672 null] /Dest /74 /DEST pdfmark +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +11 2 Nf +([RFC2119]) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +11 0 Nf +( ) S +22 -454 M +11 0 Nf +(") S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +11 1 Nf +(RFC2119: Key words for use in RFCs to Indicate Requirement ) S +(Levels) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +[/Rect [24.9047852 -456.748291 365.578857 -444.648285] /Subtype /Link /Border [0 0 1] /Action [/Subtype /URI /URI (http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc2119.txt)] Cd /ANN pdfmark +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +11 0 Nf +(", S. Bradner, March ) S +22 -467.2 M +(1997.) S +22 -480.4 M +(Available at: http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc2119.txt ) S +0 -493.6 M +[/View [/XYZ -4 225.601868 null] /Dest /75 /DEST pdfmark +[/View [/XYZ -4 225.601868 null] /Dest /75 /DEST pdfmark +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +11 2 Nf +([RFC2376]) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +11 0 Nf +( ) S +22 -506.8 M +11 0 Nf +(") S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +11 1 Nf +(RFC2376: XML Media ) S +(Types) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +[/Rect [24.9047852 -509.548096 168.726074 -497.44809] /Subtype /Link /Border [0 0 1] /Action [/Subtype /URI /URI (http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc2376.txt)] Cd /ANN pdfmark +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +11 0 Nf +(", E. Whitehead, M. Murata, July ) S +(1998.) S +22 -520 M +(This document is obsoleted by ) S +([) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +(RFC3023) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +[/Rect [175.679932 -522.748047 224.748535 -510.648041] /Subtype /Link /Border [0 0 1] /Dest /78 /ANN pdfmark +( ) S +([p.) S +(32) S +(] ) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +(].) S +22 -533.2 M +(Available at: http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc2376.txt ) S +0 -546.4 M +[/View [/XYZ -4 172.802063 null] /Dest /76 /DEST pdfmark +[/View [/XYZ -4 172.802063 null] /Dest /76 /DEST pdfmark +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +11 2 Nf +([RFC2396]) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +11 0 Nf +( ) S +22 -559.6 M +11 0 Nf +(") S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +11 1 Nf +(RFC2396: Uniform Resource Identifiers \(URI\): Generic ) S +(Syntax) S +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +[/Rect [24.9047852 -562.3479 330.092773 -550.247925] /Subtype /Link /Border [0 0 1] /Action [/Subtype /URI /URI (http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc2396.txt)] Cd /ANN pdfmark +0.0 0.0 0.0 setrgbcolor +11 0 Nf +(", T. Berners-Lee, R.) S +22 -572.8 M +(Fielding, L. Masinter, August ) S +(1998.) S +22 -586 M +(This document updates RFC1738 and ) S +(RFC1808.) 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References) S +0 -8 M +grestore +pgsave restore N +%%EOF diff --git a/xml-core.morph b/xml-core.morph new file mode 100644 index 0000000..1415ffc --- /dev/null +++ b/xml-core.morph @@ -0,0 +1,6 @@ +name: xml-core +kind: chunk +install-commands: +- make DESTDIR="$DESTDIR" install +post-install-commands: +- ./post-install.sh diff --git a/xml-core.xml b/xml-core.xml new file mode 100644 index 0000000..c78beb0 --- /dev/null +++ b/xml-core.xml @@ -0,0 +1,4 @@ + + + + diff --git a/xml-core/catalog.dtd b/xml-core/catalog.dtd new file mode 100644 index 0000000..055191c --- /dev/null +++ b/xml-core/catalog.dtd @@ -0,0 +1,149 @@ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + diff --git a/xml-core/catalog.xml b/xml-core/catalog.xml new file mode 100644 index 0000000..74564aa --- /dev/null +++ b/xml-core/catalog.xml @@ -0,0 +1,6 @@ + + + + + + diff --git a/xml-xhtml1.xml b/xml-xhtml1.xml new file mode 100644 index 0000000..84f482e --- /dev/null +++ b/xml-xhtml1.xml @@ -0,0 +1,3 @@ + + + diff --git a/xml-xhtml1/catalog.xml b/xml-xhtml1/catalog.xml new file mode 100644 index 0000000..1c4dde4 --- /dev/null +++ b/xml-xhtml1/catalog.xml @@ -0,0 +1,16 @@ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + -- cgit v1.2.1